北京市第八十中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

北京市第八十中学2026—2027学年第一学期10月阶段评价 高 二 英语 2026年10月 （考试时间90分钟 满分100分） 提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Two engineers are inspiring kids to dream big and be creative by turning inventions from their imagination into reality. Kids Invent Stuff is a YouTube channel 1 by Ruth Amos and Shawn Brown, who have previously created their own products. Each month, they ask pupils to 2 their invention designs with a specific theme, like “crazy new vehicles”. Once an idea is selected, the duo (二人组) then set out to build a 3 version of it that actually works. Meanwhile, they will 4 the whole process and upload the video to the channel. The “world’s first popcorn doorbell” was based on the 5 of an eight-year-old student. Their video shows how a leaf blower (吹叶机) can send popcorn flying out of a letter box at the touch of the doorbell. Ruth says they are keen to encourage the younger generation to make the best of their 6 while they are learning something about engineering and building. “We want to show how 7 engineering is,” she said. “By having fun, it engages them in learning.” Their videos 8 both adults and kids with great interest in new ways of thinking. 9 the channel has 12,400 fans and their most popular video has over 80,000 10 and about 5,000 comments. 1. A. run B. selected C. supplied D. played 2. A. call in B. take in C. turn in D. get in 3. A. real-life B. new-style C. small-size D. high-class 4. A. report B. watch C. begin D. film 5. A. discovery B. idea C. opinion D. memory 6. A. courage B. independence C. creativity D. confidence 7. A. serious B. difficult C. funny D. enjoyable 8. A. train B. attract C. refer to D. belong to 9. A. Accidentally B. Constantly C. Previously D. Presently 10. A. offers B. cases C. views D. works 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A I know that I wasn’t a willing student, but I wasn’t slow to learn new things. The problem was that I lacked 11 (confident) in myself. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own 12 (strong). I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a 13 (present) to the class. That was really the first time I 14 (try) to explain science to an audience and now it’s my job! B I constantly feel 15 (depress) and alone. Since I spend so much time 16 (socialise) online, I keep delaying things that are important in my real life: homework, tasks, connecting with my friends and family members in a meaningful way. It’s funny that my friends and I chatter 17 online so much, but we end up having nothing to say when we meet. C We paid a visit to Lucy’s house yesterday. We didn’t have difficulty finding her house because she 18 (give) us clear directions. When we arrived at her house, her mother was preparing food for us. Then we began to help with the cooking. About an hour later, the food was ready, and we sat at the table enjoying the delicious food. Finally we went to Ann’s room 19 we watched TV together. 20 (decorate) with flowers and balloons, the room was warm and comfortable. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题：每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A ReSpeaker Core v2.0 is a voice control board for smart devices, which can listen to and understand voice commands. The package includes the main ReSpeaker Core v2.0 board, an 8Ω 3W speaker, a 2-Mics Pi HAT, a Micro USB cable, and a guarantee card. How to Set Up the Hardware? First, plug the 2-Mics Pi HAT onto the 40-pin GPIO header of the main board. Then connect the speaker to the Pi HAT. Pay attention to polarity: the red wire must be connected to the “+” end. Finally, power on the device using the Micro USB cable connected to a 5V/2A power adapter. The blue LED lights up on startup, and after about 40 seconds it turns green — ready to use. How to Connect to the Network? When turned on for the first time, the device will create a hotspot named “ReSpeaker Core-XXXX”. Connect your phone or computer to this hotspot using the password 12345678. Then open a browser (浏览器) and visit http://192.168.100.1 to access the setup page. Select your home Wi-Fi network and enter the password. The device will restart and connect automatically. How to Interact with the Device? Once it’s connected, say “Hello, ReSpeaker” followed by commands like “What time is it?” or “Play some music”. For best results, speak clearly within 5 meters of the device in a quiet environment. Always use a stable 5V/2A power supply to avoid instability. If problems persist during interaction, press and hold the onboard button for 10 seconds until the LED flashes rapidly to restore factory settings. 21. What is the first step to connect a ReSpeaker Core v2.0 to your home Wi-Fi? A. Select your home Wi-Fi network from the list. B. Open a browser and visit http://192.168.100.1. C. Connect your phone or computer to the hotspot. D. Enter the password 12345678 on the setup page. 22. What should you do if the ReSpeaker Core v2.0 keeps having problems? A. Buy a new power adapter. B. Reconnect it to the network. C. Unplug it and wait for 10 seconds. D. Press the onboard button to reset. 23. Where is the text probably from? A. A product user guide. B. A repair service brochure. C. A technology news report. D. A promotional advertisement. B When my father died, one of the tasks that fell to me was to sort through and decide which objects to save and which to throw away. Now I look at the objects of my life as if I were dead, wondering, what will my children do with the human skull that sits on the bookcase? They’ve been wanting to throw it out for some years, but will they know how much can be learned from living with a skull? And I know they will throw the white plastic head of a horse on my desk into a rubbish bag without a thought, never knowing that it is the only piece remaining from the first chess set I owned. It is me at age twelve. But the final decisions are left to those who know us least — our children. I was the closest to my father and knew him well; however, only when I was going through his study did I learn he had collected picture postcards of hotels. What was I to do with all the objects that had been him? The sad part of me wanted to put everything in my car and take it home. The rational won, however, and I filled rubbish bags with old newspapers, magazines, apologizing to his spirit as I did. I could not throw out the thousands of pictures he had taken on his travels. I brought the pictures home, though I will never look at them. I brought twelve boxes of my father home. I look at the objects that are my life and the only way my children can satisfy me is by not touching a thing. But they must if I am to go on with my death. And I wonder how many boxes of me will my children keep? I look at these objects that are me and know, too, that they are symbols of how alone I am and each of us is, for no one knows what any object means except he or she who owns it. Every object of our lives is a memory, and emotion surrounds around it, hiding and protecting a tiny truth of the heart. Only I have the memories of when and how each one was obtained; I look at the objects that are me, and the memories are warm and permeated (弥漫) with love. 24. Why does the writer keep the plastic head of a horse? A. Because his father gave it to him as a gift. B. Because it makes him a very good chess player. C. Because it brings back memories of his childhood. D. Because he accepted it as a prize for a competition. 25. How did the writer deal with the remaining objects of his father after he died? A. He threw everything away. B. He saved some of the worthless objects. C. He sorted them and put them into good order. D. He took some of them to his own house. 26. What do we know about the writer? A. He is very strict with his children. B. He prefers to collect different skulls. C. He relies on his children to deal with his possessions. D. He knows nothing about his father before his father died. 27. According to the last paragraph, the objects we save ________. A. serve as the symbols of our social class B. are reminders of past experiences C. are quite expensive and valuable D. make us proud of ourselves C The average smartphone users interact with their device approximately 150 times daily — a frequency amounting to once every six and a half waking minutes. While this figure has become almost commonplace, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying such habitual behavior have only recently attracted serious research attention. Scientists at Stanford University have identified a feedback cycle they term the “dopamine (多巴胺) gap”: the interval between anticipating a notification and its actual delivery. During this period, the brain releases dopamine, generating a mild but powerful craving that encourages repeated checking. This biological tendency is deliberately exploited by the digital industry. Social media platforms and mobile applications are carefully engineered to leverage this mechanism through features like endless scrolling, unpredictable reward patterns, and push notifications — all intentional design choices aimed at maximizing user engagement and, consequently, advertising income. “These companies are not building tools,” argues Dr. Adam Alter, author of Irresistible. “They are constructing behavior-change systems disguised as everyday utilities.” The consequences extend well beyond wasted time. A 2025 study published in Psychological Science tracked 2,000 adolescents over five years, finding that each additional hour of daily social media use at age 14 was associated with a 13% increase in anxiety and depression symptoms by age 19. This relationship remained statistically significant even after considering family background and prior mental health conditions. Yet the industry’s response has been criticized as “performative minimalism” — features such as screen-time trackers and focus modes that provide users with an illusion of control while leaving the underlying addictive structure completely unchanged. A person who turns off notifications for a few hours inevitably returns to the same endless feed later. “It’s like putting a bandage on a broken bone,” observes Dr. Ann a Lembke, a Stanford psychiatrist. “The essential problem remains unaddressed.” Some regulators are taking stronger action. The EU’s Digital Services Act, updated in 2025, now requires platforms to make their recommendation algorithms available for independent review. Meanwhile, a growing “digital minimalism” movement advocates for intentional reduction in technology use — not through more apps, but through personal behavioral changes like scheduling phone-free periods. The solution, it appears, lies not in abandoning technology entirely, but in reclaiming the control that its designers have gradually taken away. 28. What effect does the so-called “dopamine gap” bring about for smartphone users? A. Fewer smartphone notifications. B. Slow release of brain neurotransmitters. C. Frequent checking of their phones. D. Less interest in real-world interactions. 29. What does the underlined word “leverage” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Employ. B. Control. C. Shape. D. Generate. 30. Why does the author mention “screen-time trackers and focus modes” in Paragraph 4? A. To praise the industry’s efforts to address phone addiction. B. To illustrate the EU’s new regulatory requirements for apps. C. To suggest that users should rely more on built-in phone features. D. To argue that current solutions fail to solve the underlying problem. D Meritocracy (优绩主义) has become a leading social ideal. Politicians continually return to the theme that the rewards of life — money, jobs, university admission — should be distributed according to skill and effort. Morally and theoretically, meritocracy is seen as the opposite of inherited aristocracy (贵族), where one’s social status depends on birth luck. Although widely held, the belief that merit rather than luck determines success or failure in the world is demonstrably false. This is not least because merit itself is, in large part, the result of luck. Talent and the capacity for determined effort depend a great deal on one’s genetic gifts and upbringing. This is to say nothing of other fortuitous (偶然发生的) circumstances that figure into every success story. In his book Success and Luck, Robert Frank recounts the coincidences behind the rise of many successful entrepreneurs. Luck intervenes by offering people merit, and again by furnishing circumstances where merit can translate into success. This is not to deny the industry and talent of successful people. However, it does demonstrate that the link between merit and outcome is weak and indirect at best. In addition to being false, research suggests that believing in meritocracy makes people more selfish, less self-critical and more likely to act in biased ways. The “ultimatum game” is a common psychological experiment, where one player is given a sum of money and told to propose a division between him and another player, who may accept or reject the offer. If the offer is rejected, neither gets anything. Usually, a relatively even split is offered. In one variation, participants played a fake game of skill before making offers. Players who were led to believe they had “won” claimed more for themselves than those who engaged in games of chance. Similar studies suggest that just having the idea of skill in mind makes people more tolerant of unequal outcomes. By contrast, research on gratitude indicates that remembering the role of luck increases generosity. Simply asking subjects to recall external contributors to their successes made them more likely to give to charity than those remembering internal factors. Part of meritocracy’s moral appeal is its power to justify the existing social order. On top of that, it also offers flattery. Where success is determined by merit, each win can be viewed as a reflection of personal worth and worldly failures become signs of personal weaknesses. Meritocracy ought to be abandoned both as a belief about how the world works and as a general social ideal. It’s false, and believing in it encourages selfishness, discrimination and indifference to the struggles of the unfortunate. 31. In the first paragraph, the author intends to __________ A. clarify the fundamental reasons why meritocracy affects social position. B. contrast two widely accepted standards of distributing the rewards of life. C. explain the two social systems and highlight meritocracy. D. present the mainstream definition of meritocracy by making a comparison. 32. In the author’s opinion, the widely held belief that merit determines success or failure is false because _______. A. Personal merit largely comes from random fortune itself. B. Just like talent, merit has nothing to do with one’s family nurture. C. Merit rests on talent and perseverance, both rooted in natural advantages. D. Unlike random luck, personal merit is shaped by diligence and family background. 33. What does the author imply by citing the “ultimatum game” experiment? A. The results confirm meritocracy’s moral appeal. B. Belief in merit may encourage selfishness and bias. C. Ideas of skill can increase our willingness to donate. D. Games of chance ensure even distribution of resources. 34. What is the best title for the passage? A. Meritocracy: A Popular but Misleading Ideal. B. Meritocracy: A Fair Alternative to Aristocracy. C. Meritocracy: A Fair Replacement for Inherited Aristocracy. D. Meritocracy: A Social Order Justified by Personal Effort. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Even if you don’t worry that artificial intelligence will destroy the human race, you might worry that its alarming appetite for electricity will destroy the environment — asking Chat GPT a question means using ten times more energy than an old-fashioned approach. With new data centers planned, further growth in energy consumption seems unavoidable. 35 In fact, AI may be less energy-hungry than many people assume. Better still, AI can help decarbonize the industries that have proved hardest to clean up. Consider AI’s appetite for energy first. The International Energy Agency (IEA) expects that electricity consumption by data centres could be three times as much in the next five years. 36 Data centres today only account for about 1.5% of the world’s electricity consumption — and the vast majority of that is due to streaming, social media and online shopping, not AI. 37 AI stands out in identifying complex patterns, processing giant data sets and boosting systems, all of which can help cut emissions sharply. AI is already helping improve the efficiency of electrical grids, cut fuel use in shipping and spot otherwise invisible leaks of methane, a greenhouse gas. The task for policymakers and industry bosses is to maximize such benefits while minimizing the climate impacts. The most elegant solution would be for governments to set a proper price on carbon and leave the market to do its work. 38 The first is greater transparency (透明). From August 2026 the EU will require some AI developers to report their energy use in detail. A second is to rethink how data centres operate. The IEA notes that being able to shift workloads between different data centres at different times could reduce stress and help balance energy grids. Third, tech firms should hold themselves to their own environmental promises. 39 Doubling down on some approaches would help transform AI from climate suspect to climate hero. A. But the concern is misplaced. B. That approach should be copied elsewhere. C. Even if energy usage rises, though, the base is still low. D. For instance, Microsoft aims to become “carbon negative” by 2030. E. Microsoft’s greenhouse-gas emissions are up by almost 30% since 2020. F. Moreover, some of AI’s electricity use will help with greening the economy. G. But because it remains a distant dream, focusing on other measures is more realistic. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The Impact of Social Media on Adolescents Using social media has become a routine activity for most young people. In recent years, the number of young people using social media has increased dramatically, so a large part of their social and emotional development is occurring while they are on the Internet. Social media allows young people to achieve online many of the tasks that are important to them offline: staying connected with friends and family, making new friends, and exchanging ideas. Some schools successfully use blogs as teaching tools, which has the benefit of improving skills in written expression and creativity. At the same time, social media helps them get what they want, increase their knowledge and confidence in their academic performance. While social media provides many benefits, it can also have a negative impact on young people, both physically and mentally. It is easy to become addicted, and research shows that students who spend too much time on social media can suffer from poor sleep, eye fatigue, negative body image, depression, anxiety and more. Research also indicates that there are frequent online expressions of offline behaviours, which have introduced problems such as cyberbullying and online harassment (骚扰). Using social media becomes a risk to adolescents more than they can realise. When people go on to websites, they leave evidence of their visits. This ongoing record of online activity is called the “digital footprint”. One of the biggest threats to young people on social media is to their digital footprint and future reputations. Young people who lack an awareness of privacy issues often post inappropriate material without understanding that “what goes online stays online”. As a result, future jobs and college acceptance maybe put in danger by inexperienced clicks of the mouse. 40. Why is a large part of young people’s social and emotional development occurring on the Internet? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Young people’s improper digital footprint may have an impact on cyberbullying and online harassment. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How do you make full use of social media to better your life and study? Please give one or two examples. (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 假设你是学生会主席李华，本月你校即将举办建校70周年校庆活动。请你给你校外教Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加此活动。内容包括： 1．活动时间、地点、活动内容等； 2．表达期待。 注意：1．词数100 词左右；2．邮件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3．参考词汇：周年纪念日 anniversary 校友 alumni (复数) Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第八十中学2026—2027学年第一学期10月阶段评价 高二英语 参考答案 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 1. A 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. C 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 11. confidence 12. strength(s) 13. presentation 14. had tried 15. depressed 16. socialising 17. away 18. had given 19. where/ and 20. Decorated 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题：每小题2分，共28分） 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 35. A 36. C 37. F 38. G 39. D 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 40. Because the number of young people using social media has increased dramatically in recent years. 41. It is mainly about the benefits of social media for young people. 42. Young people’s improper digital footprint may have an impact on cyberbullying and online harassment. 改为Young people’s frequent online expressions of offline behaviours may have an impact on cyberbullying and online harassment. 43. I make full use of social media to follow educational accounts, which provide me with useful learning resources and tips. Also, I join online study groups to discuss academic topics and share knowledge with others. 第二节（20分） 参考范文 Dear Chris, Knowing you have great interest in campus culture, on behalf of the School’s Student Union, I’m writing to extend my sincere invitation to you to attend our school’s 70th anniversary celebration. Scheduled to be held in the school hall on October 20th at 9 a.m., the event includes a variety of well-prepared activities. We will enjoy brilliant performances presented by students, ranging from chorus to short dramas. An exhibition displaying our school’s glorious history will also be available, where you can view precious old photos and historical documents. Besides, distinguished alumni will gather to share their touching memories of campus life. It would be highly appreciated if you could spare some time to make it. I’m convinced that you will get a deeper insight into our campus culture. Looking forward to your presence. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $