精品解析：北京市第二十中学2026-2027学年度第一学期10月阶段高二英语练习

北京市第二十中学2026-2027学年度第一学期10月阶段练习 高二英语 班级______________ 姓名______________ 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was an ordinary summer afternoon when I first found out about my grandpa’s ____1____ garden. That day, after school, instead of walking straight home, I decided to visit my grandpa, who lived just a few blocks away. When I got there, I saw the front door was slightly open. I pushed it open but found nobody. Curiosity and ____2____ mixed within me as I ventured inside and noticed the backdoor wide open, leading to a path I’d never ____3____ before. There it was—a breathtaking garden, filled with flowers of all shapes and colors, greenery stretching out as far as my eyes could see. I walked ____4____, marveling at the beautiful spectacle. Suddenly, I heard a rustling sound from a nearby bush, followed by a soft and familiar voice. “I didn’t ____5____ you to find this place, my dear,” my grandpa said, emerging from behind the green leaves with a broad smile, holding a watering can. ____6____ by the beauty of the garden, I just stood there, taking in the view. After what felt like forever, I asked, “Grandpa, why didn’t you tell me about this place?” He shrugged and replied, “I wanted it to be a ____7____, something you could discover on your own. It’s more special that way, don’t you think?” Since that day, we would spend hours in the garden, tending to the flowers, sharing stories, and enjoying each other’s ____8____. That garden, which I discovered ____9____, became our playground, a haven of peace in the midst of our bustling city lives. Looking back now, I realize that the greatest thing I found in that garden was not the beautiful scenery, but the precious memories and _____10_____ I built with my grandpa. 1. A. tiny B. secret C. romantic D. natural 2. A. concern B. relaxation C. delight D. excitement 3. A. appreciated B. doubted C. noticed D. recognized 4. A. home B. back C. away D. further 5. A. expect B. hope C. allow D. tell 6. A. Disturbed B. Overwhelmed C. Angered D. Amused 7. A. mystery B. gift C. challenge D. wonder 8. A. garden B. company C. greeting D. memories 9. A. as usual B. in particular C. on purpose D. by chance 10. A. peace B. balance C. bond D. trust 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要写了一个普通夏日午后，主人公和祖父一起在花园里度过了很多美好的时光，这个花园成为了他们的乐园。回想起来，主人公意识到在花园里最重要的不是美丽的风景，而是与祖父建立的珍贵回忆和情感。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次发现爷爷的秘密花园时，那是一个普通的夏日午后。A. tiny微小的；B. secret秘密的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“as I ventured inside and noticed the backdoor wide open，leading to a path I'd never ____ before.”可知，对于作者来说这是个以前没有发现的花园，所以应该是秘密花园。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我冒险走进去，发现后门大开着，通向一条我从未注意过的小路时，内心交织着好奇和关注。A. concern关心；关注；B. relaxation放松；C. delight高兴；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文Curiosity和下文“I’d never ____ before”可知，作者以前没有来过，因此在推开这个门的时候，应该是好奇的和关注的。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. appreciated欣赏；感激；B. doubted怀疑；C. noticed注意到；D. recognized认出。根据后文“There it was—a breathtaking garden, filled with flowers of all shapes and colors, greenery stretching out as far as my eyes could see.(那是一个令人惊叹的花园，开满了各种形状和颜色的花，绿色植物一直延伸到我的眼睛所能看到的地方)”可知，作者在这之前从来没有注意到这个花园。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我继续往前走，惊叹于这美丽的景象。A. home回家；B. back回来；后边；C. away离开；D. further更进一 步。根据后文“marveling at the beautiful spectacle”可知作者应该是进一步走进花园，所以应该是walked further。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“亲爱的，我没想到你会发现这个地方，”爷爷说着，拿着一个喷壶，笑容满面地从绿叶后面走了出来。A. expect认为；预料；B. hope希望；C. allow允许；D. tell告诉。根据下文““I wanted it to be a ____, something you could discover on your own. It’s more special that way, don’t you think?””可知爷爷没有料到作者会发现这个地方。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：被花园的美景迷住了，我只是站在那里欣赏风景。A. Disturbed打扰；B. Overwhelmed 征服；C. Angered激怒；D. Amused消遣；娱乐。根据后文“I just stood there, taking in the view”可知作者突然发现这个园子很美，应是被美景所征服。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他耸了耸肩，回答说:“我希望它是一个谜，你可以自己发现一些东西。这样更特别，你不觉得吗?”A. mystery神秘；B. gift 礼物；C. challenge挑战；D. wonder奇迹。 根据后文“something you could discover on your own. It's more special that way, don’t you think?”可知爷爷是想让作者自己去发现这个地方，所以是想让它成为一个谜。故选A。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我们总是会在花园里呆上几个小时，照顾花朵，分享故事，享受彼此的陪伴。A. garden 花园；B. company陪伴；C. greeting问候；D. memories记忆。根据前文“we would spend hours in the garden, tending to the flowers, sharing stories, and enjoying each other’s.”可知作者和爷爷会在花园里呆上几个小时，照料花朵，分享故事，彼此陪伴。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：那座花园是我偶然发现的，后来成了我们的游乐场，成了熙熙攘攘的都市生活中的一个宁静的避风港。A. as usual和平常一样；B. in particular特别地；C. on purpose故意地；D. by chance偶然地。根据前文“Curiosity and ____ mixed within me as I ventured inside and noticed the backdoor wide open, leading to a path I’d never ____ before.”可知作者偶然发现的这个园子。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在回想起来，我意识到我在那个花园里发现的最伟大的东西不是美丽的风景，而是我与爷爷建立的珍贵回忆和纽带。A. peace平安；B. balance平衡；C. bond纽带；联系；D. trust信任。根据下文“I built with my grandpa”可知，回想起来，主人公意识到在花园里最重要的不是美丽的风景，而是与祖父建立的珍贵回忆和互信关系。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I haven’t seen Mr. Jenkins since I left school, yet I often think of him. Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science ____11____ (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I found it boring and hard. But he made it interesting. He explained things that seemed difficult with practical examples and simple language. Once we built a rocket outdoors. I poured fuel into it, and a classmate lit a match to set it off. It was amazing. Though I was unwilling to study, I learned quickly. I lacked confidence, but Mr. Jenkins helped me find my ____12____ (strong). He had me give a science presentation. This experience shaped my career. When ____13____ (prepare) a programme, I wonder how Mr. Jenkins would have done it. 【答案】11. had been 12. strength 13. preparing 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者回忆Jenkins先生如何激发其科学兴趣、帮其建立自信并影响其职业生涯的故事。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在Jenkins先生教我之前，科学对我而言是一门充满陌生词汇的学科。空处在句中作谓语；根据“Before Mr. Jenkins taught me”可知，“科学难懂”发生在“Jenkins先生教我”这一过去动作之前，即“过去的过去”，句子应用过去完成时，空处应填had been。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：我缺乏自信，但Jenkins先生帮我找到了自己的长处。根据空前“find my”可知，空处应用名词作宾语；strong的名词形式为strength，意为“优势；长处”。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在筹备一个节目时，我常想Jenkins先生会怎么做。空处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略结构，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语包含be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。本句中省略了I am，即完整结构为“When I am preparing a programme”，因此应填现在分词preparing。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Matt Dickson interviewed three students about English teachers’ feedback. The first student says the negative feedback her teacher gives in front of the whole class ____14____ (make) her lose confidence, though she understands her teacher’s good intention. The second student finds face-to-face feedback more effective, although it is demanding for the teacher. She can freely ask further questions when confused. The third student only receives general comments, ____15____ fail to tell him his real advantages and problems. He believes feedback should be ____16____ (specific) designed. Teachers should highlight mistakes, such as errors in past tenses that students often ignore. 【答案】14. makes 15. which 16. specifically 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了Matt Dickson就英语教师的反馈这一话题采访了三名学生，分别介绍了三名学生对于教师反馈的不同体验与看法。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：第一个学生说，尽管她理解老师的好意，但老师在全班同学面前给出的负面反馈让她失去了信心。句子主语the negative feedback是不可数名词，主句的谓语says为一般现在时，从句描述的是当前客观存在的情况，谓语动词要用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：第三个学生只收到笼统的评价，这些评价没能告诉他自己真正的优势和问题。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词general comments指物，关系词在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词which引导该从句。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：他认为反馈应该被专门设计。此处修饰谓语动词designed，需要用副词specifically，作状语。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I have 500 online friends and spend lots of time online, constantly posting updates and receiving messages from people I associate ____17____. Yet I feel lonely. Social networking dominates my life. Though my friends and I chat a lot online, we have little to say in person. At a dinner, my friend left the table for 30 minutes ____18____ (take) a call. Others texted online, ignoring those nearby. Last summer, my sister kept complaining her phone was low on power; when it ____19____ (charge), she only read about pop stars. ____20____ really worries me is that few of us can quit social media cold turkey. Though we stay connected online, we grow more disconnected from real life. 【答案】17. with 18. to take 19. was charged 20. What 【解析】 【导语】文章通过列举身边人沉迷社交媒体的事例，表达了对人们难以彻底戒掉社交媒体、在网络上保持联结却与现实生活愈发疏离的担忧。 【17题详解】 考查介词。句意：我有500个网友，花很多时间上网，不断发布动态并收到和我交往的人的消息。固定搭配associate with是固定短语，意为“与……交往、联系”。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在一次晚宴上，我的朋友离开餐桌30分钟去接电话。此处用不定式作目的状语，说明朋友离席的目的是接电话。 【19题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：去年夏天，我妹妹一直抱怨她的手机电量低；当手机充电时，她只看关于流行明星的内容。when引导时间状语从句，主语it指代前文的phone，it和charge之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，同时根据Last summer可知，句子要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语it是单数，谓语用单数。 【20题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：真正让我担忧的是，我们中几乎没有人能彻底戒掉社交媒体。此处引导主语从句，同时在从句中作主语，指代事物，表示“……的事情”，需用连接代词what引导，句首首字母大写。 第二部分：阅读理解（共19小题，每小题2分，共38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Take part in our award-winning summer STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) teen academic programs. All courses are conducted online. Current course offerings include: Biotech Research: Complete an award-winning, competitive admissions program this year. You’ll thank yourself when you have one more prestigious credential to add to your college applications. We provide students with state-of-the-art lab equipment and materials to use at home — all shipped to your doorstep. The time is NOW to apply. Biomedical & Surgical Research: The Biomedical and Surgical Research program brings anatomy (解剖) to life through discussion and practice of surgical procedures. From case studies and lectures to mock surgical procedures, students spend three weeks learning what it takes to be a surgeon. Polymer Chemistry: Materials Science is a new exciting field that includes polymer chemistry and plastics engineering of materials to synthesize (合成) and to create custom or brand new materials with specific products for specific uses. Receive materials right to your home to create your own polymers! Intro to Robotics: Are you always taking things apart, seeing how they work and then putting them back together again? Are you curious how robots and other machines work? From voice activated, digital personal assistants like Alexa and Siri to our everyday kitchen appliances, the world of robotics is advancing and robots are becoming an integral part of our everyday life. The future is now and the field of robotics is booming! Forensics (法医学): Do mysteries excite you? Do you dive into crime scene shows such as Criminal Minds and Law & Order? Do you want to go behind the scenes to learn what happens during a crime investigation or trial? This remote program is designed for students all over the world interested in the scientific approach to crime scenes. This program will introduce the principles of forensic science and will provide the opportunity to explore lab techniques, fingerprint methods and more through the VR techniques! Click here to see session dates and costs. 21. Which courses offer to ship materials? A. Polymer Chemistry and Forensics. B. Intro to Robotics and Biotech Research. C. Biotech Research and Polymer Chemistry. D. Forensics and Biomedical & Surgical Research. 22. Students who choose Forensics can ______. A. watch TV series with VR equipment B. study criminal minds on the scene C. draft the principles of forensic science D. experience crime investigation virtually 23. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To promote summer academic programs. B. To compare different online programs. C. To introduce the content of the programs. D. To explain the benefits of the programs. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍线上夏季STEM青少年学术项目，包括生物技术、法医学等课程，呼吁学生参与并提供查看课程日期和费用的途径。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Biotech Research部分“We provide students with state-of-the-art lab equipment and materials to use at home—all shipped to your doorstep. (我们为学生提供最先进的实验室设备和材料供在家使用，所有这些都会送货上门。)” 以及Polymer Chemistry部分“Receive materials right to your home to create your own polymers!(材料会直接送到你家，让你创造自己的聚合物！)”可知，Biotech Research和Polymer Chemistry这两门课程提供寄送材料服务。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Forensics部分“This program will introduce the principles of forensic science and will provide the opportunity to explore lab techniques, fingerprint methods and more through the VR techniques!(这个项目将介绍法医学的原理，并提供通过虚拟现实技术探索实验室技术、指纹识别方法等的机会！)”可知，选择Forensics课程的学生可以通过VR技术，虚拟地体验犯罪调查。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章开头“Take part in our award-winning summer STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) teen academic programs. All courses are conducted online.(参加我们屡获殊荣的夏季 STEM（科学、技术、工程、数学）青少年学术项目。所有课程均在线进行。)”以及最后“Click here to see session dates and costs.(点击此处查看课程日期和费用。)”可知，文章旨在推广这些夏季学术项目，吸引学生报名参加。故选A项。 B It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me. But something about my friend’s words — “I can help organize the whole thing” — stuck with me. I felt obliged (有义务的) to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by. When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in. So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way. Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there. I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders. When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 24. Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning? A. She felt it hard to finish the race. B. She had no time to join in the event. C. She thought the research meaningless. D. She was reminded of her mother’s death. 25. Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom? A. Considerate and polite. B. Brave and humorous. C. Strong-willed and caring. D. Outgoing and patient. 26. What might be the best title for the passage? A. How I Got Healed in Running. B. The Loss of Sweet Memories. C. What Matters Most in Running. D. The Rewards of Great Friendship. 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了母亲去世之后，作者对母亲的回忆及母亲赐予作者的力量，使作者能够从悲伤中走出来，积极面对生活。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.(所以，当我收到朋友发来的一封关于一场为癌症研究筹款的比赛的邮件时，我并没有理会。这件事似乎刺痛了我的心，正是癌症夺去了我母亲的生命)”可知，作者一开始忽略邮件是因为这封邮件让她想起了母亲的离世。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“She was the type who never got defeated.(她是那种永远不会被打败的人)”可知，作者的母亲意志力坚强；第六段“I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.(我不希望你对任何事情感到内疚)”说明母亲关心爱护作者。所以作者母亲是一个意志坚强，又体贴的人。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.(在赛跑的时候，每当我想慢下来的时候，就会看到母亲鼓励我的画面。通过终点线时，我内心充满了她的关爱和一种平和感)”结合上文作者对母亲的回忆，可知母亲治愈了作者，正是母亲的鼓励，她才能完成比赛。A选项“我是如何在跑步中痊愈的”最符合文章标题。 C A new study has found human feelings can accurately be expressed numerically and have more predictive power for how we behave than formal studies of socioeconomic factors like household income and employment status. The study co-author Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science gathered information from nearly 700,000 people, who were asked annually over a three-decade period how they felt on a numerical scale about their job, spouse, health and home. Using the data collected, researchers constructed statistical models to show how people felt and the actions they took as a result of their reported feelings. The study found that ratings of life satisfaction had a direct linear (线性的) relationship to actions people subsequently take. Participants who rated their job satisfaction as a 2 out of 7 had a 25% probability of quitting their job. Those who rated a 6 out of 7 had only a 10 percent probability of quitting. The same was true across other measures like marriage, health and housing. Previous research has also shown data about feelings predict human outcomes, but not in such a linear fashion; the degree of satisfaction served as a good predictor of future actions. Additionally, economists have previously been critical of feelings data because they considered them unscientific and unreliable. But this study shows socioeconomic factors have a lesser probability of predicting human behavior than data on feelings. Though the study shows numbers can quantify feelings, researchers are still a bit confused as to why estimates of seemingly subjective feelings can be such good predictors of future actions. According to Oswald, a number of factors could be at play. Humans are very experienced in comparative thinking and are able to scale their own life satisfaction against that of their neighbors. We’re also accustomed to using measuring devices for other aspects of life like temperature, distance and weight, so it shouldn’t be too surprising that we’re able to measure our feelings in a similarly accurate way. Another study co-author Caspar Kaiser says that it may also be because we communicate our feelings and do it in a scaled fashion every day. This could be why it comes out in the data more accurately than in objective markers. Ori Heffetz, an economics professor who was not involved in the study, says that this research shows feelings data shouldn’t be underestimated even if they’re more difficult to study. “Scientists who ignore this do so at their own risk,” he says. Looking ahead, Kaiser hopes this same data can be studied in lower-income countries so that it can be applied universally to places with varied levels of economic development. But more than anything else he’s interested in studying why feelings work so well. 27. Paragraph 2 is mainly about . A. research process and findings B. research topic and significance C. research subjects and purpose D. research data collection and analysis 28. What can we know about the study? A. It also applies to people from lower-income countries. B. It challenges the opinion that feelings data are unreliable. C. It explains why ratings of feelings can foresee future actions. D. It first shows data about feelings can predict human behavior 29. What is Ori’s attitude towards the study? A. Neutral. B. Skeptical. C. Supportive. D. Cautious. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. How You Rate Your Life Predicts Your Future Behavior B. Feelings Forecast Actions Better than Economic Factors C. Why Your Feelings Affect Your Future Actions D. Ranking Every Aspect of Your Life Counts 【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现人们对生活的评价可以预测未来的行为。文章讲述了该项研究的过程及结论的得出。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study co-author Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science gathered information from nearly 700,000 people, who were asked annually over a three-decade period how they felt on a numerical scale about their job, spouse, health and home. Using the data collected, researchers constructed statistical models to show how people felt and the actions they took as a result of their reported feelings. The study found that ratings of life satisfaction had a direct linear (线性的) relationship to actions people subsequently take. Participants who rated their job satisfaction as a 2 out of 7 had a 25% probability of quitting their job. Those who rated a 6 out of 7 had only a 10 percent probability of quitting. The same was true across other measures like marriage, health and housing.”（这项研究的合著者，经济学和行为科学教授安德鲁 · 奥斯瓦尔德(Andrew Oswald)收集了近70万人的信息。在过去的30年里，他们每年都会被问及对自己的工作、配偶、健康和家庭的感受。利用收集到的数据，研究人员构建了统计模型，以显示人们的感受以及他们因报告的感受而采取的行动。研究发现，生活满意度的等级与人们随后采取的行动有直接的线性关系。参与者将他们的工作满意度评为7分中的2分，他们辞职的可能性为25% 。那些得到6分(满分7分)的人只有10% 的可能性会放弃。在婚姻、健康和住房等其他指标上也是如此。）可知，本段主要讲述了实施研究的过程和研究结果。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Previous research has also shown data about feelings predict human outcomes, but not in such a linear fashion; the degree of satisfaction served as a good predictor of future actions. Additionally, economists have previously been critical of feelings data because they considered them unscientific and unreliable. But this study shows socioeconomic factors have a lesser probability of predicting human behavior than data on feelings.”（先前的研究也表明，关于情感的数据可以预测人类的结果，但不是以这样的线性方式；满意度可以很好地预测未来的行动。此外，经济学家此前一直对情感数据持批评态度，因为他们认为这些数据不科学、不可靠。但是，这项研究表明，社会经济因素预测人类行为的可能性低于情感数据。）可知，之前的研究结果表明情感的数据可以预测人类的行为。但是，这项研究表明，社会经济因素预测人类行为的可能性低于情感数据。所以这个研究的结果证实了之前的研究的结论不可靠。故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ori Heffetz, an economics professor who was not involved in the study, says that this research shows feelings data shouldn’t be underestimated even if they’re more difficult to study. “Scientists who ignore this do so at their own risk,” he says.”（没有参与这项研究的经济学教授 Ori Heffetz 说，这项研究表明，即使感觉数据更难研究，也不应该被低估。他说: “忽视这一点的科学家要承担自己的风险。”）可推知，经济学教授 Ori Heffetz认为， 即使感觉数据更难研究，也不应该被低估。所以对于这次研究他是赞同的。故选C。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第二段的研究发现“The study found that ratings of life satisfaction had a direct linear (线性的) relationship to actions people subsequently take. Participants who rated their job satisfaction as a 2 out of 7 had a 25% probability of quitting their job. Those who rated a 6 out of 7 had only a 10 percent probability of quitting. The same was true across other measures like marriage, health and housing.”（研究发现，生活满意度的等级与人们随后采取的行动有直接的线性关系。参与者将他们的工作满意度评为7分中的2分，他们辞职的可能性为25% 。那些得到6分(满分7分)的人只有10% 的可能性会放弃。在婚姻、健康和住房等其他指标上也是如此。）可知，本文主要讲述了一项新的研究成果：你对自己生活满意度的评价会影响你未来的行为。因此，A项“你对生活的评价可以预测你未来的行为”。故选A。 D Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There’ll be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritise the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a roadmap to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology—without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more intrusive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100．But don’t ever expect mass emigration (移民) from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era (时代). If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligences, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s re focus from the science fiction of the far future. closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species-ours—holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution (演化), even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 31. Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A. To reply to governments’ decisions. B. To show scientists’ prediction ability. C. To present a call for scientific advances. D. To highlight the challenges to scientists. 32. According to this passage, AI can ______. A. put an end to climate change B. make mass human emigration possible C. speed up the competition in medical fields D. bring about potential threats from big companies 33. As for the future, what does the author agree with? A. Post-humans will repeat the history of humans. B. Complex intelligence will dominate the universe. C. Fully artificial intelligences may inhabit outer space. D. Non-biological brains may invite unforeseen disasters. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Could AI Save Us? B. Will Science Lead Evolution? C. Arc Space Adventurers Pioneers? D. Is Complex Intelligence Coming? 【答案】31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍随着人工智能的发展，科学并不能完全拯救我们人类。我们需要从全球、理智和长期的角度进行思考——由科学赋予力量，但以科学本身无法提供的价值观为指导。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There’ll be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritise the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a roadmap to a low-carbon future. (科学家对未来的预测能力很差。但有两种趋势是可以自信预测的。首先，世界将变得更加拥挤。到2050年，人口将超过90亿。其次，世界将变暖，一些政府不会优先考虑应对气候变化所需的长期措施，尽管科学为我们提供了低碳未来的路线图。)”和第二段“That’s why we should be promoters of new technology—without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. (这就是为什么我们应该成为新技术的推动者——没有它，世界就无法为不断增长的人口提供所需的粮食和可持续能源。)”可知，作者在第一段中提到这两种趋势是为了呼吁大家发展科学新技术。故选C。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“AI will undoubtedly become more intrusive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. (毫无疑问，人工智能在未来会变得更具侵入性。我们的行动、健康和财务交易记录将存储在云端中。这些数据可能被用于正当的原因，如蛋白质折叠和药物开发，或者警告我们最初的健康风险，但互联网公司可以使用这些数据，已经将权力平衡从政府转移到全球规模的公司。)”可知，人工智能会使人类处于来自于全球规模的大公司的威胁。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligences, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. (如果后人类从血肉之躯转变为完全人工智能，他们将不需要一个引力均匀的大气层，所以在深太空中——即使在火星上，非生物“大脑”也可能发展出我们无法想象的力量。他们最终可能会在精神上与我们不同。人工智能可能会引发巨大的移民潮，从而使越来越复杂的智能在宇宙中传播。)”可知，作者认为完全人工智能可能存在于外层空间。故选C。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. (如果科学要拯救我们，我们需要从全球、理智和长期的角度进行思考——由科学赋予力量，但以科学本身无法提供的价值观为指导。)”可知，本文主要介绍随着人工智能的发展，科学并不能完全拯救我们人类。我们需要从全球、理智和长期的角度进行思考——由科学赋予力量，但以科学本身无法提供的价值观为指导。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A Way Out of Social Anxiety: Volunteering and Acts of Kindness As a socially anxious introvert, I can attest(证明)to the benefits of serving others through volunteering in my community. A volunteer job doesn’t need to require stepping into a busy room full of 100 people at a school or hospital. ____35____ This kind of work is much more suitable and agreeable for introverts. ____36____ When I help elders or people with disabilities who are more isolated and lonelier than I am, I feel my nervousness and self-consciousness disappear. My social awkwardness loses its grip on me when I’m focused on helping someone else rather than myself or my social performance. Unlike showing up at a job interview, business meeting, or speaking engagement, working as a volunteer with people in need takes the spotlight away from being measured or judged. ____37____ Social scientists have an apt name for stressful social situations where we need to perform and would likely be judged or evaluated. The “social-evaluative threat” is particularly threatening for people with social anxiety as stress hormones rapidly increase. Any time we are in evaluative situations where we are judged by others, we face this social-evaluative threat and endure a sudden rush of stress hormones that increase anxiety. ____38____ Yet when we are in situations where we are offering casual acts of kindness or nurturing others we tend to feel less threatened or judged by others. Helping others and sharing simple acts of kindness does not pose such a social-evaluative threat, but instead, calms and soothes us. Neuroscientists have studied the warm glow of doing good that makes us feel good. “Kindness may help socially anxious people,” says Dr. Lynn Alden, a psychology professor at the University of British Columbia. ____39____ She found that acts of kindness may help to counter the socially anxious person’s fear of negative evaluation by promoting more positive perceptions and expectations of how other people will respond. A. Some people are naturally reserved while others are rather outgoing. B. In social anxiety disorder, fear and anxiety lead to avoidance which can disrupt our life. C. Indeed, my own act of kindness has always been a sure bet to bring me out of my shell. D. Instead, my volunteer service consists of quiet one-on-one visits with isolated older adults. E. When I am giving my free time to help others, I feel truly liberated in my mission to serve. F. High-performance events such as public speaking or job interviews can be really unbearable. G. She and her colleagues conducted a study with 115 undergraduate students who had reported high levels of social anxiety. 【答案】35. D 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍如何通过志愿服务和善举摆脱社交焦虑。 【35题详解】 根据上文“A volunteer job doesn't need to require stepping into a busy room full of 100 people at a school or hospital. (一份志愿者工作不需要去学校或医院走进一个满是100人的拥挤房间。)可知，此处说明志愿者工作是什么样子的。D项“相反，我的志愿服务包括安静地一对一地探访孤独的老年人。”符合语境，承接上文介绍我的志愿者活动是什么样的，因此下文“This kind of work is much more suitable and agreeable for introverts.(这种工作更适合内向的人。)”进一步的说明。故选D。 【36题详解】 根据下文“When I help elders or people with disabilities who are more isolated and lonelier than I am, I feel my nervousness and self-consciousness disappear. (当我帮助那些比我更孤独的老人或残疾人时，我感到我的紧张和自我意识消失了。)可知，此处说明做志愿的好处。C项“事实上，我自己的善举总是能带我走出困境。” 符合语境，总领下文，解释做志愿者的益处。故选C。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Unlike showing up at a job interview, business meeting, or speaking engagement, working as a volunteer with people in need takes the spotlight away from being measured or judged. (与参加工作面试、商务会议或演讲活动不同，作为一名志愿者帮助有需要的人会让人们的注意力从被衡量或评判中转移开。)可知此处应继续说明作志愿者给自己带来的好处。E项“当我用我的空闲时间去帮助别人的时候，我觉得在我的服务使命中真正解放了。”符合语境。故选E。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Any time we are in evaluative situations where we are judged by others, we face this social-evaluative threat and endure a sudden rush of stress hormones that increase anxiety. (任何时候，当我们处于被他人评判的评估情境中，我们就会面临这种社会评估的威胁，并忍受压力荷尔蒙的突然激增，从而增加焦虑。)可知，此处说明焦虑带来的影响。F项“像公开演讲或工作面试这样的高绩效活动真的是难以忍受的。”具体说明在被他人评判时产生的焦虑是难以忍受。故选F。 【39题详解】 根据上文““Kindness may help socially anxious people, ”says Dr.Lynn Alden, a psychology professor at the University of British Columbia. (英属哥伦比亚大学心理学教授林恩·奥尔登博士说：“善举可能会帮助社交焦虑的人。”)及下文“She found that acts of kindness may help to counter the socially anxious person's fear of negative evaluation by promoting more positive perceptions and expectations of how other people will respond. (她发现，善意的行为可能有助于对抗社交焦虑症患者对负面评价的恐惧，因为他们会对他人的反应产生更积极的看法和期望。)可知，此处讲述了英属哥伦比亚大学心理学教授林恩·奥尔登博士对于社交焦虑患者的研究发现。G项“她和她的同事们对115名报告有高度社交焦虑的本科生进行了一项研究。”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节请在答题卡指定区域作答（12分）。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Last year, I baked biscuits for complete strangers to say “thank you”. I’d had to call 999 because I found my husband unconscious on the floor. Within minutes, a police car arrived and soon my husband received medical care in hospital. A week later, when I dropped off still-warm biscuits and presented a thank-you note at the police station, the policemen thanked me for delivering gifts. I drove away feeling light and happy. Later, I realized that my natural high might have been more than it seemed.Research has shown that sharing gratitude has positive effects on health. People who express gratitude will increase their happiness levels, lower their blood pressure and get better sleep. What about people who receive gratitude?Research has confirmed that when people receive thanks, they experience positive emotions.“Those are happy surprises,”says Jo-Ann Tsang, a professor of psychology. When someone is thanked,he’s more likely to return the favor or pass kindness on, and his chances of being helpful again doubles, probably because he enjoys feeling socially valued. The give-and-take of gratitude also deepens relationships. Studies show that when your loved ones regularly express gratitude,making you feel appreciated,you’re more likely to return appreciative feelings, which leads to more satisfactory in your relationships. Nowadays,however,many people don’t express gratitude. Our modern lifestyle may be to blame. With commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to feel they’re the center of the world. If it’s all about them, why thank others? Why not thank others? Just take a look at how many positive effects can saying “thank you”have on personal health—and the well-being of others. If you aren’t particularly grateful, I strongly suggest you learn to be.People who are instructed to keep gratitude journals,in which they write down positive things that happen to them,cultivate gratitude over time. 40. What health benefits can people gain from expressing gratitude? _______________________________________________________ 41. How do people probably respond when they receive gratitude and feel socially valued? _______________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. ▷ Saying “thank-you”improves relationships,but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society. _______________________________________________________ 43. If possible, who would you like to express gratitude to most? Why? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】40. People who express gratitude will increase their happiness levels, lower their blood pressure, and get better sleep. 41. They are more likely to return the favor or pass kindness on, and their chances of being helpful again double. 42. Saying “thank-you” improves relationships, but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society. Everything is making some people feel they’re the center of the world. 43. I would like to express gratitude to my parents most, because they have always supported me through thick and thin, and have sacrificed a lot to provide me with the best opportunities in life. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感激以及被感激都会对我们的身心带来积极的影响。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“People who express gratitude will increase their happiness levels, lower their blood pressure and get better sleep.(表达感激之情的人会增加他们的幸福感，降低他们的血压，并获得更好的睡眠。)”可知，表达感激之情的人会增加幸福感、降低血压并获得更好地睡眠。故答案为People who express gratitude will increase their happiness levels, lower their blood pressure, and get better sleep。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“When someone is thanked, he’s more likely to return the favor or pass kindness on, and his chances of being helpful again doubles, probably because he enjoys feeling socially valued.(当有人被感谢时，他更有可能回报你的帮助或传递善意，他帮助别人的可能性会增加一倍，可能是因为他喜欢被社会重视的感觉。)”可知，当一个人被感谢了之后，他极有可能回报别人或传递爱意，而且他们帮助别人的可能性也会翻倍。故答案为They are more likely to return the favor or pass kindness on, and their chances of being helpful again double。 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第六段“Nowadays, however, many people don’t express gratitude. Our modern lifestyle may be to blame. With commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to feel they’re the center of the world.(然而，现在很多人不表达感激之情。我们的现代生活方式可能是罪魁祸首。随着商业和社交媒体的发展，一切都在促使年青一代觉得自己是世界的中心。)”可知，年轻人不愿意表达感激之情是因为社会的发展让年青一代觉得自己是世界的中心。由此判断Saying “thank-you” improves relationships, but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society.中的“because everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society.”是错误的。故答案为Saying “thank-you” improves relationships, but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society. Everything is making some people feel they’re the center of the world. 【43题详解】 开放题。要求考生谈谈最想感谢的人以及原因，考生言之有理即可。参考答案为I would like to express gratitude to my parents most, because they have always supported me through thick and thin, and have sacrificed a lot to provide me with the best opportunities in life. 第二节 写作（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你们年级要举行英语配音大赛(English Dubbing Competition)，请你用英文给你的外教Jim写一封邮件，邀请他做评委，内容包括： 1．活动简介； 2．评委职责。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jim, I’m Li Hua from Senior 2 of Hongxing Middle School. I’m writing to sincerely invite you to work as a judge for our grade’s English Dubbing Competition, which is a wonderful activity for us students. The competition will be held in our school hall next Friday afternoon. Competitors will dub video clips and show their language skills. As a judge, you need to watch their performances, score them based on pronunciation and emotional expression, and offer short comments. We would appreciate it if you could accept our invitation. Looking forward to your reply. 【解析】 【导语】本篇写作要求考生以李华的身份给外教Jim写邮件，邀请他担任英语配音大赛评委，并介绍活动与评委职责。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 担任：work as → serve as 真诚地：sincerely → genuinely 参赛者：competitor → contestant 简短的：short → brief 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The competition will be held in our school hall next Friday afternoon. 拓展句：The competition, which will be held in our school hall, is scheduled for next Friday afternoon. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m writing to sincerely invite you to work as a judge for our grade’s English Dubbing Competition, which is a wonderful activity for us students.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型 2】As a judge, you need to watch their performances, score them based on pronunciation and emotional expression, and offer short comments.(运用了过去分词短语based on作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第二十中学2026-2027学年度第一学期10月阶段练习 高二英语 班级______________ 姓名______________ 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was an ordinary summer afternoon when I first found out about my grandpa’s ____1____ garden. That day, after school, instead of walking straight home, I decided to visit my grandpa, who lived just a few blocks away. When I got there, I saw the front door was slightly open. I pushed it open but found nobody. Curiosity and ____2____ mixed within me as I ventured inside and noticed the backdoor wide open, leading to a path I’d never ____3____ before. There it was—a breathtaking garden, filled with flowers of all shapes and colors, greenery stretching out as far as my eyes could see. I walked ____4____, marveling at the beautiful spectacle. Suddenly, I heard a rustling sound from a nearby bush, followed by a soft and familiar voice. “I didn’t ____5____ you to find this place, my dear,” my grandpa said, emerging from behind the green leaves with a broad smile, holding a watering can. ____6____ by the beauty of the garden, I just stood there, taking in the view. After what felt like forever, I asked, “Grandpa, why didn’t you tell me about this place?” He shrugged and replied, “I wanted it to be a ____7____, something you could discover on your own. It’s more special that way, don’t you think?” Since that day, we would spend hours in the garden, tending to the flowers, sharing stories, and enjoying each other’s ____8____. That garden, which I discovered ____9____, became our playground, a haven of peace in the midst of our bustling city lives. Looking back now, I realize that the greatest thing I found in that garden was not the beautiful scenery, but the precious memories and _____10_____ I built with my grandpa. 1. A. tiny B. secret C. romantic D. natural 2. A. concern B. relaxation C. delight D. excitement 3. A. appreciated B. doubted C. noticed D. recognized 4. A. home B. back C. away D. further 5. A. expect B. hope C. allow D. tell 6. A. Disturbed B. Overwhelmed C. Angered D. Amused 7. A. mystery B. gift C. challenge D. wonder 8. A. garden B. company C. greeting D. memories 9. A. as usual B. in particular C. on purpose D. by chance 10. A. peace B. balance C. bond D. trust 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I haven’t seen Mr. Jenkins since I left school, yet I often think of him. Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science ____11____ (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I found it boring and hard. But he made it interesting. He explained things that seemed difficult with practical examples and simple language. Once we built a rocket outdoors. I poured fuel into it, and a classmate lit a match to set it off. It was amazing. Though I was unwilling to study, I learned quickly. I lacked confidence, but Mr. Jenkins helped me find my ____12____ (strong). He had me give a science presentation. This experience shaped my career. When ____13____ (prepare) a programme, I wonder how Mr. Jenkins would have done it. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Matt Dickson interviewed three students about English teachers’ feedback. The first student says the negative feedback her teacher gives in front of the whole class ____14____ (make) her lose confidence, though she understands her teacher’s good intention. The second student finds face-to-face feedback more effective, although it is demanding for the teacher. She can freely ask further questions when confused. The third student only receives general comments, ____15____ fail to tell him his real advantages and problems. He believes feedback should be ____16____ (specific) designed. Teachers should highlight mistakes, such as errors in past tenses that students often ignore. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I have 500 online friends and spend lots of time online, constantly posting updates and receiving messages from people I associate ____17____. Yet I feel lonely. Social networking dominates my life. Though my friends and I chat a lot online, we have little to say in person. At a dinner, my friend left the table for 30 minutes ____18____ (take) a call. Others texted online, ignoring those nearby. Last summer, my sister kept complaining her phone was low on power; when it ____19____ (charge), she only read about pop stars. ____20____ really worries me is that few of us can quit social media cold turkey. Though we stay connected online, we grow more disconnected from real life. 第二部分：阅读理解（共19小题，每小题2分，共38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Take part in our award-winning summer STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) teen academic programs. All courses are conducted online. Current course offerings include: Biotech Research: Complete an award-winning, competitive admissions program this year. You’ll thank yourself when you have one more prestigious credential to add to your college applications. We provide students with state-of-the-art lab equipment and materials to use at home — all shipped to your doorstep. The time is NOW to apply. Biomedical & Surgical Research: The Biomedical and Surgical Research program brings anatomy (解剖) to life through discussion and practice of surgical procedures. From case studies and lectures to mock surgical procedures, students spend three weeks learning what it takes to be a surgeon. Polymer Chemistry: Materials Science is a new exciting field that includes polymer chemistry and plastics engineering of materials to synthesize (合成) and to create custom or brand new materials with specific products for specific uses. Receive materials right to your home to create your own polymers! Intro to Robotics: Are you always taking things apart, seeing how they work and then putting them back together again? Are you curious how robots and other machines work? From voice activated, digital personal assistants like Alexa and Siri to our everyday kitchen appliances, the world of robotics is advancing and robots are becoming an integral part of our everyday life. The future is now and the field of robotics is booming! Forensics (法医学): Do mysteries excite you? Do you dive into crime scene shows such as Criminal Minds and Law & Order? Do you want to go behind the scenes to learn what happens during a crime investigation or trial? This remote program is designed for students all over the world interested in the scientific approach to crime scenes. This program will introduce the principles of forensic science and will provide the opportunity to explore lab techniques, fingerprint methods and more through the VR techniques! Click here to see session dates and costs. 21. Which courses offer to ship materials? A. Polymer Chemistry and Forensics. B. Intro to Robotics and Biotech Research. C. Biotech Research and Polymer Chemistry. D. Forensics and Biomedical & Surgical Research. 22. Students who choose Forensics can ______. A. watch TV series with VR equipment B. study criminal minds on the scene C. draft the principles of forensic science D. experience crime investigation virtually 23. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To promote summer academic programs. B. To compare different online programs. C. To introduce the content of the programs. D. To explain the benefits of the programs. B It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me. But something about my friend’s words — “I can help organize the whole thing” — stuck with me. I felt obliged (有义务的) to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by. When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in. So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way. Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there. I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders. When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 24. Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning? A. She felt it hard to finish the race. B. She had no time to join in the event. C. She thought the research meaningless. D. She was reminded of her mother’s death. 25. Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom? A. Considerate and polite. B. Brave and humorous. C. Strong-willed and caring. D. Outgoing and patient. 26. What might be the best title for the passage? A. How I Got Healed in Running. B. The Loss of Sweet Memories. C. What Matters Most in Running. D. The Rewards of Great Friendship. C A new study has found human feelings can accurately be expressed numerically and have more predictive power for how we behave than formal studies of socioeconomic factors like household income and employment status. The study co-author Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science gathered information from nearly 700,000 people, who were asked annually over a three-decade period how they felt on a numerical scale about their job, spouse, health and home. Using the data collected, researchers constructed statistical models to show how people felt and the actions they took as a result of their reported feelings. The study found that ratings of life satisfaction had a direct linear (线性的) relationship to actions people subsequently take. Participants who rated their job satisfaction as a 2 out of 7 had a 25% probability of quitting their job. Those who rated a 6 out of 7 had only a 10 percent probability of quitting. The same was true across other measures like marriage, health and housing. Previous research has also shown data about feelings predict human outcomes, but not in such a linear fashion; the degree of satisfaction served as a good predictor of future actions. Additionally, economists have previously been critical of feelings data because they considered them unscientific and unreliable. But this study shows socioeconomic factors have a lesser probability of predicting human behavior than data on feelings. Though the study shows numbers can quantify feelings, researchers are still a bit confused as to why estimates of seemingly subjective feelings can be such good predictors of future actions. According to Oswald, a number of factors could be at play. Humans are very experienced in comparative thinking and are able to scale their own life satisfaction against that of their neighbors. We’re also accustomed to using measuring devices for other aspects of life like temperature, distance and weight, so it shouldn’t be too surprising that we’re able to measure our feelings in a similarly accurate way. Another study co-author Caspar Kaiser says that it may also be because we communicate our feelings and do it in a scaled fashion every day. This could be why it comes out in the data more accurately than in objective markers. Ori Heffetz, an economics professor who was not involved in the study, says that this research shows feelings data shouldn’t be underestimated even if they’re more difficult to study. “Scientists who ignore this do so at their own risk,” he says. Looking ahead, Kaiser hopes this same data can be studied in lower-income countries so that it can be applied universally to places with varied levels of economic development. But more than anything else he’s interested in studying why feelings work so well. 27. Paragraph 2 is mainly about . A. research process and findings B. research topic and significance C. research subjects and purpose D. research data collection and analysis 28. What can we know about the study? A. It also applies to people from lower-income countries. B. It challenges the opinion that feelings data are unreliable. C. It explains why ratings of feelings can foresee future actions. D. It first shows data about feelings can predict human behavior 29. What is Ori’s attitude towards the study? A. Neutral. B. Skeptical. C. Supportive. D. Cautious. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. How You Rate Your Life Predicts Your Future Behavior B. Feelings Forecast Actions Better than Economic Factors C. Why Your Feelings Affect Your Future Actions D. Ranking Every Aspect of Your Life Counts D Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There’ll be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritise the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a roadmap to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology—without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more intrusive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100．But don’t ever expect mass emigration (移民) from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era (时代). If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligences, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s re focus from the science fiction of the far future. closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species-ours—holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution (演化), even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 31. Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A. To reply to governments’ decisions. B. To show scientists’ prediction ability. C. To present a call for scientific advances. D. To highlight the challenges to scientists. 32. According to this passage, AI can ______. A. put an end to climate change B. make mass human emigration possible C. speed up the competition in medical fields D. bring about potential threats from big companies 33. As for the future, what does the author agree with? A. Post-humans will repeat the history of humans. B. Complex intelligence will dominate the universe. C. Fully artificial intelligences may inhabit outer space. D. Non-biological brains may invite unforeseen disasters. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Could AI Save Us? B. Will Science Lead Evolution? C. Arc Space Adventurers Pioneers? D. Is Complex Intelligence Coming? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A Way Out of Social Anxiety: Volunteering and Acts of Kindness As a socially anxious introvert, I can attest(证明)to the benefits of serving others through volunteering in my community. A volunteer job doesn’t need to require stepping into a busy room full of 100 people at a school or hospital. ____35____ This kind of work is much more suitable and agreeable for introverts. ____36____ When I help elders or people with disabilities who are more isolated and lonelier than I am, I feel my nervousness and self-consciousness disappear. My social awkwardness loses its grip on me when I’m focused on helping someone else rather than myself or my social performance. Unlike showing up at a job interview, business meeting, or speaking engagement, working as a volunteer with people in need takes the spotlight away from being measured or judged. ____37____ Social scientists have an apt name for stressful social situations where we need to perform and would likely be judged or evaluated. The “social-evaluative threat” is particularly threatening for people with social anxiety as stress hormones rapidly increase. Any time we are in evaluative situations where we are judged by others, we face this social-evaluative threat and endure a sudden rush of stress hormones that increase anxiety. ____38____ Yet when we are in situations where we are offering casual acts of kindness or nurturing others we tend to feel less threatened or judged by others. Helping others and sharing simple acts of kindness does not pose such a social-evaluative threat, but instead, calms and soothes us. Neuroscientists have studied the warm glow of doing good that makes us feel good. “Kindness may help socially anxious people,” says Dr. Lynn Alden, a psychology professor at the University of British Columbia. ____39____ She found that acts of kindness may help to counter the socially anxious person’s fear of negative evaluation by promoting more positive perceptions and expectations of how other people will respond. A. Some people are naturally reserved while others are rather outgoing. B. In social anxiety disorder, fear and anxiety lead to avoidance which can disrupt our life. C. Indeed, my own act of kindness has always been a sure bet to bring me out of my shell. D. Instead, my volunteer service consists of quiet one-on-one visits with isolated older adults. E. When I am giving my free time to help others, I feel truly liberated in my mission to serve. F. High-performance events such as public speaking or job interviews can be really unbearable. G. She and her colleagues conducted a study with 115 undergraduate students who had reported high levels of social anxiety. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节请在答题卡指定区域作答（12分）。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Last year, I baked biscuits for complete strangers to say “thank you”. I’d had to call 999 because I found my husband unconscious on the floor. Within minutes, a police car arrived and soon my husband received medical care in hospital. A week later, when I dropped off still-warm biscuits and presented a thank-you note at the police station, the policemen thanked me for delivering gifts. I drove away feeling light and happy. Later, I realized that my natural high might have been more than it seemed.Research has shown that sharing gratitude has positive effects on health. People who express gratitude will increase their happiness levels, lower their blood pressure and get better sleep. What about people who receive gratitude?Research has confirmed that when people receive thanks, they experience positive emotions.“Those are happy surprises,”says Jo-Ann Tsang, a professor of psychology. When someone is thanked,he’s more likely to return the favor or pass kindness on, and his chances of being helpful again doubles, probably because he enjoys feeling socially valued. The give-and-take of gratitude also deepens relationships. Studies show that when your loved ones regularly express gratitude,making you feel appreciated,you’re more likely to return appreciative feelings, which leads to more satisfactory in your relationships. Nowadays,however,many people don’t express gratitude. Our modern lifestyle may be to blame. With commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to feel they’re the center of the world. If it’s all about them, why thank others? Why not thank others? Just take a look at how many positive effects can saying “thank you”have on personal health—and the well-being of others. If you aren’t particularly grateful, I strongly suggest you learn to be.People who are instructed to keep gratitude journals,in which they write down positive things that happen to them,cultivate gratitude over time. 40. What health benefits can people gain from expressing gratitude? _______________________________________________________ 41. How do people probably respond when they receive gratitude and feel socially valued? _______________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. ▷ Saying “thank-you”improves relationships,but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society. _______________________________________________________ 43. If possible, who would you like to express gratitude to most? Why? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________ 第二节 写作（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你们年级要举行英语配音大赛(English Dubbing Competition)，请你用英文给你的外教Jim写一封邮件，邀请他做评委，内容包括： 1．活动简介； 2．评委职责。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $