Unit 4 Helping in the community (单元自测练习卷)-2026-2027学年人教PEP版英语四年级上册

英语新教材人教pep版四年级上册unit 4 helping in the community单元达标。测试卷听力部分一听录音。选出所听句子中包含的内容，每小题读两遍。Number one. my uncle is . a firefighter in our city. My uncle is a firefighter in our city. Number two. the cook . makes nice food for us. The cook makes nice food for us. Number three. the delivery . worker brings a big box to my home. The delivery worker brings a big . box to my home. Number four. the cleaner sweeps . the street every morning. The cleaner sweeps the street every morning. Number five. kenya is making . the bed for an old man. Kenya is making the bed for an old man. Number six. look, the . children are singing old songs. Look, the children are singing old songs. Number seven. he often tells . funny stories to the children. He often tells funny stories to the children. Number eight. please take . photos for the old people. Please take photos for the old people. Number nine. the bus stop . is near our community, the bus stop is near our community. Number ten. being a volunteer . is an important job. Being a volunteer is an important job. 2、听录音，根据所听内容，用数字给图片排序，每小题读两遍。Number one. the cleaner . is sweeping the street now. The cleaner is sweeping the street now. Number two, the . delivery worker . is taking a big box to the old people. The delivery worker is taking a big box to the old people. Number three. the children . are singing old songs for the old people. The children are singing old songs . for the old people. Number four. a firefighter . helps people in danger. A firefighter helps people in danger. Number five. lilly is making . the bed for grandma at the old people's home. Lily is making the bed for grandma at the old . people's home 3、mike和Sarah正在谈论社区的志愿者活动听对话，根据对话内容选择最佳答案，对话读两遍。hi，mike, what are you doing this saturday? I'm going to the old people's home with my friends. We are volunteers. great. What do you often do there? I often make the bed for the old people, changi. I tells funny stories and bencze old songs. That is nice. Is your father a volunteer too? No, he isn't. He is a cook in a restaurant, but he often helps people . in our community. My end is a cleaner. SHE cleaned the . street every . morning. How great. Helping others is an important job. Hi mike. What are you doing this saturday? I'm going to the old people's home with my friends. We are volunteers. great. What do you often do that? I often make the bed for the old people chenghai tells funny stories and bending old songs. That is nice. Is your father a volunteer too? No, he isn't. He is a cook in a restaurant, but he often helps people . in our community. My end is a cleaner. SHE cleaned the . street every . morning. How great helping others is an important job. 现在请根据对话内容回答下面五个问题。Question one, what is . mike doing this saturday? What is mike doing this saturday? Question to what . does mike . often do at the old people's home? What does . mike often do at the old people's home? Question three. who tells funny stories? Who tells funny stories? Question for. what's . mike's father's job? What's mike's . father's job? Question five, what serious and job? What's serious and job? 4、听录音，写单词，补全短文，短文读两遍。Hello, i'm changed. Yeah, I am a volunteer in my community. On sunday, I go to the old people's home with my friends. Look, lilly is making the bed for grandma. Ben is telling a funny story. We often help the old people. Helping others is fun. Hello, i'm change. Yeah, I am a volunteer in my community. On sunday, I go to the old people's home with my friends. Look, lilly is making the bed for grand moli. Ben is telling a funny story. We often help the old people. Helping others is fun. 听力部分到此结束。 Unit 4 Helping in the community 单元达标测试卷 英语 新教材人教PEP版 四年级上册 （建议用时：60分钟 满分：100分） 听力部分（30分） 一、 听录音，选出所听句子中包含的内容。(10分) ( ) 1. A. firefighter B. farmer C. driver ( ) 2. A. cleaner B. cook C. doctor ( ) 3. A. police officer B. school bus driver C. delivery worker ( ) 4. A. cook B. cleaner C. farmer ( ) 5. A. cleaning the room B. making the bed C. taking photos ( ) 6. A. telling funny stories B. drawing a picture C. singing old songs ( ) 7. A. tell funny stories B. take photos C. cross the road ( ) 8. A. make the bed B. take photos C. take a walk ( ) 9. A. school bus B. bus driver C. bus stop ( ) 10. A. an important job B. a funny story C. an old song 二 、听录音，根据所听内容用数字给图片排序。(5分) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 三 、Mike和Sarah正在谈论社区的志愿者活动。听对话，根据对话内容选择最佳答案。(5分) ( ) 1．What is Mike doing this Saturday? A. Going to the old people's home. B. Cleaning the street. C. Going to a restaurant. ( ) 2．What does Mike often do at the old people’s home? A. He sings old songs. B. He makes the bed. C. He tells funny stories. ( ) 3．Who tells funny stories? A. Chen Jie. B. Ben. C. Mike. ( ) 4．What's Mike's father's job? A. A cleaner. B. A firefighter. C. A cook. ( ) 5．What's Sarah's aunt's job? A. A volunteer. B. A cleaner. C. A cook. 四、 听录音，写单词补全短文。(10分) Hello! I'm Chen Jie. I am a 1. ________ in my community. On Sunday, I go to the old people's 2. ________ with my friends. Look! Lily is 3. ________ the bed for Grandma Li. Ben is telling a funny 4. ________. We often help the old 5. ________ . Helping others is fun! 笔试部分（70 分） 五、 选出每组单词中不同类的一项。(5分) ( ) 1．A. cook B. cleaner C. clean ( ) 2．A. driver B. old people's home C. police officer ( ) 3．A. bus stop B. make the bed C. take photos ( ) 4．A. funny B. important C. help ( ) 5．A. volunteer B. bed C. delivery worker 六 、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。(5分) 1．My uncle is a school bus _________ (drive) in our city. 2．A good community _________ (need) many different jobs. 3．Look! The volunteers _________ (make) the bed for the old people. 4．Mrs Li often tells _________ (story) to the children in the community. 5．The volunteers take _________ (photo) for the old people every week. 七 、单项选择。(10分) ( ) 1．Look! The delivery worker ________ a big box now. A. carries B. is carrying C. carry ( ) 2．—What ________ the volunteers doing? —They are cleaning the room. A. is B. are C. do ( ) 3．—________ your mother making the bed now? —Yes, she is. A. Is B. Are C. Does ( ) 4．—Is Mike sleeping? —No, he ________. He is cleaning the room. A. isn't B. doesn't C. aren't ( ) 5．—What ________ people do to help the community? —They clean the streets. A. do B. does C. are ( ) 6．Our neighbour is a firefighter. He often ________ people in the street. A. help B. helps C. helping ( ) 7．The volunteers often ________ photos for the old people. A. take B. takes C. taking ( ) 8．Being a cleaner is ________ important job. A. a B. an C. the ( ) 9．The students are making the bed ________ the old people. A. for B. to C. of ( ) 10．Which word has the same sound as "photo"? A. elephant B. thank C. shop 八、 给下列句子选择对应的图片。(5分) A B C D E 1. Mr Wang is a cook. He makes nice food for us.（ ） 2. The police officer helps the children cross the road.（ ） 3. The school bus driver takes us to school every day.（ ） 4. The children are cleaning the room for the old people.（ ） 5. Ben is taking photos for the old people.（ ） 九、 按要求完成句子。(5分) 1．He helps people every day. (用 We 改写句子) We ________ people every day. 2．The cleaner is sweeping the floor. (改为否定句) The cleaner ________ ________ the floor. 3．Ben is taking photos for the old people. (改为一般疑问句) ________ Ben ________ photos for the old people? 4．The volunteers are cleaning the room. (对划线部分提问：cleaning the room) ________ ________ the volunteers ________? 5．连词成句：often / he / the / old / helps / people (.) ________________________________________ 十、 从方框中选择合适的句子，补全对话。(5分) A. What are you doing now? B. What do you often do for the old people? C. Is your mother a volunteer too? D. What's your father's job? E. That's an important job. Amy: Hi, Ben! You look busy today. （ ） 1 Ben: I am making the bed for the old people. Amy: You are so kind! （ ） 2 Ben: We often sing old songs and tell funny stories. Amy: How nice! （ ） 3 Ben: Yes, she is. My mother is a volunteer too. Amy: Great! （ ） 4 Ben: He is a delivery worker. He takes food to people. Amy: Wow! （ ） 5 Ben: Thank you! Every job helps our community. 十一 、【新情景·语言能力】根据图片和括号内英文提示补全对话。(3分) 1. —Look at the man in the red car! ________ he a firefighter? (be) —Yes, he is. He often helps people in danger. 2. —What are the volunteers doing at the old people’s home? —They ________ ________ the room for the old people. (be / clean) 十二、 【新趋势·语篇理解】Zhang Peng 是社区小志愿者。从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式补全短文。(7分) clean help make not play photo sing story Hello! I'm Zhang Peng. I am a volunteer in my community. Every Saturday, I go to the old people's home with my friends. Look! Lily 1. ________ the bed for Grandma Li now. Ben is telling a funny 2. ________. Some children are 3. ________ old songs for the old people. I often 4. ________ the room with them. We also take 5. ________ for the old people. They are very happy! Our neighbour Mr Wang is a firefighter. He often 6. ________ people. At home, I 7. ________ computer games for too long. 十三 、新情景·生活小故事】阅读小故事，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。(5分) Ben is a Grade Four student. He lives in a big community. His neighbour Mr Li is a firefighter. Mr Li often helps people, so he is very busy. Ben wants to help too. On Sunday, Ben goes to the old people's home with his friends. They are volunteers. Look! Ben is making the bed for Grandma Wang. Lily is telling a funny story. Some children are singing old songs for the old people. The old people are very happy. Ben says, “Helping others is an important job!” ( )1. Mr Li is a driver. ( )2. Mr Li often helps people. ( )3. Ben goes to the old people's home on Sunday. ( )4. Ben is telling a funny story. ( )5. The old people are very happy. 十四 、新情境·真实情境】下图是我们社区的"社区帮手"一览表。阅读表格，选择正确的答案。(5分) Our Community Helpers Mr Li: a firefighter; helps people in danger; works every day Mrs Wang: a cleaner; sweeps the street every morning; starts work at 5:00 Mr Zhao: a delivery worker; takes food and boxes to people; likes his job Miss Chen: a school bus driver; takes children to school; sings old songs with them Ben and Lily: volunteers; help at the old people's home; make the bed and tell stories Every job is important. We love our community! ( ) 1．What does Mr Li do? A. He is a cleaner. B. He is a firefighter. C. He is a driver. ( ) 2．When does Mrs Wang sweep the street? A. Every morning. B. Every Sunday. C. Every evening. ( ) 3．What does Mr Zhao take to people? A. Old songs. B. Food and boxes. C. Books. ( ) 4．Who takes children to school? A. Miss Chen. B. Mrs Wang. C. Ben. ( ) 5．What do Ben and Lily do at the old people's home? A. They sweep the street. B. They make the bed and tell stories. C. They take food to people. 十五、阅读短文，完成下列各题。(10分) Do you help in your community? Many people help us every day. Firefighters help us when there is a fire. Cleaners keep our streets clean. Delivery workers take food and other things to our homes. Bus drivers take us to school. They all have important jobs. You can help too! You can help the old people cross the road. You can help clean the room at the old people's home. You can also sing songs or tell funny stories to old people. You can take photos for them. Small things can make people happy. Let us help others and make our community better! 1.根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)误(F)。 (1) Cleaners keep our streets clean. ( ) (2) Delivery workers take us to school. ( ) (3) You can take photos for the old people. ( ) 2. 回答问题。 (1) What do firefighters do when there is a fire? ________________________________________________________________________________ (2) What can you do for the old people? ________________________________________________________________________________ 十六、书面表达。(5分) 社区里有许多人默默地帮助大家。请以“Helping in My Community”为题，写一写你（或你身边的人）为社区做的事，并说说你的感受。 参考词汇：help, make the bed, tell stories, take photos, clean, happy, important 要求：条理清晰，意思明确、连贯，语句通顺，语法正确，书写工整、规范。 I live in a big community. ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Helping in the community 单元达标测试卷 英语 新教材人教PEP版 四年级上册 （建议用时：60分钟 满分：100分） 听力部分（30分） 一 听录音，选出所听句子中包含的内容。(10分) 【答案】1-5 ABCBB 6-10 CABCA 1. My uncle is a firefighter in our city. 2. The cook makes nice food for us. 3. The delivery worker brings a big box to my home. 4. The cleaner sweeps the street every morning. 5. Chen Jie is making the bed for an old man. 6. Look! The children are singing old songs. 7. He often tells funny stories to the children. 8. Please take photos for the old people. 9. The bus stop is near our community. 10. Being a volunteer is an important job. 二 听录音，根据所听内容用数字给图片排序。(5分) 【答案】5　4　2　3　1 （听力顺序：扫地→送快递→唱歌→消防员→铺床；图片顺序为：铺床→消防员→送快递→唱歌→扫地，每张图下方的括号填它对应的情节序号。） 1. The cleaner is sweeping the street now. 2. The delivery worker is taking a big box to the old people. 3. The children are singing old songs for the old people. 4. A firefighter helps people in danger. 5. Lily is making the bed for Grandma Li at the old people's home. 三 Mike和Sarah正在谈论社区的志愿者活动。听对话，根据对话内容选择最佳答案。(5分) 【答案】A　B　A　C　B S: Hi, Mike! What are you doing this Saturday? M: I'm going to the old people's home with my friends. We are volunteers. S: Great! What do you often do there? M: I often make the bed for the old people. Chen Jie tells funny stories and Ben sings old songs. S: That is nice. Is your father a volunteer too? M: No, he isn't. He is a cook in a restaurant. But he often helps people in our community. S: My aunt is a cleaner. She cleans the street every morning. M: How great! Helping others is an important job. 1. What is Mike doing this Saturday? 2. What does Mike often do at the old people’s home? 3. Who tells funny stories? 4. What's Mike's father's job? 5. What's Sarah's aunt's job? 四 听录音，写单词补全短文。(10分) 【答案】volunteer　home　making　story　people Hello! I'm Chen Jie. I am a volunteer in my community. On Sunday, I go to the old people's home with my friends. Look! Lily is making the bed for Grandma Li. Ben is telling a funny story. We often help the old people. Helping others is fun! 1. volunteer 意为"志愿者"，a volunteer 即"一名志愿者"。 2. home 意为"家"，the old people's home 即"敬老院"，是固定表达。 3. making 意为"铺（床）"，is making 构成现在进行时，make 去 e 再加 ing。 4. story 意为"故事"，a funny story 即"一个有趣的故事"。 5. people 意为"人们"，the old people 即"老人们"，是复数名词。 笔试部分（70 分） 五 选出每组单词中不同类的一项。(5分) 1. C 解析：cook（厨师）、cleaner（清洁工）都是表示职业的名词；clean（打扫）是动词，故选 C。 2. B 解析：driver（司机）、police officer（警察）都是职业；old people's home（敬老院）是地点，故选 B。 3. A 解析：make the bed（铺床）、take photos（拍照）都是动作短语；bus stop（公交车站）是地点名词，故选 A。 4. C 解析：funny（有趣的）、important（重要的）都是形容词；help（帮助）是动词，故选 C。 5. B 解析：volunteer（志愿者）、delivery worker（快递员）都指人；bed（床）指物品，故选 B。 六 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。(5分) 1. driver 解析：drive 是动词"驾驶"，加 -er 变成职业名词 driver（司机），即 school bus driver（校车司机）。 2. needs 解析：主语 A good community 是第三人称单数，need 加 -s 变成 needs。 3. are making 解析：Look! 提示动作正在进行，主语 The volunteers 是复数，用 are；make 以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing 得 making。 4. stories 解析：story 是以"辅音字母+y"结尾的可数名词，变复数时把 y 变成 i 再加 es，即 stories。 5. photos 解析：photo 是以 o 结尾的外来词，变复数时直接加 -s，即 photos（不是 photoes）。 七 单项选择。(10分) 1. B 解析：Look! 和 now 提示动作正在进行，主语 The delivery worker 是第三人称单数，用 is carrying，故选 B。 2. B 解析：答语 They are... 是复数，问句的主语 the volunteers 也是复数，be 动词用 are，故选 B。 3. A 解析：现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词提前，主语 your mother 是单数，用 Is，答语 Yes, she is. 也提示用 Is，故选 A。 4. A 解析：问句是现在进行时，否定简答用 No, he isn't.，故选 A。 5. A 解析：主语 people 是复数，一般现在时的特殊疑问句用助动词 do，故选 A。 6. B 解析：主语 He 是第三人称单数，often 表明是一般现在时，动词要用三单形式 helps，故选 B。 7. A 解析：主语 The volunteers 是复数，一般现在时中动词用原形 take，故选 A。 8. B 解析：important 以元音音素 /ɪ/ 开头，前面用不定冠词 an，故选 B。 9. A 解析："为某人铺床"用 make the bed for sb.，介词用 for，故选 A。 10. A 解析：photo 中 ph 发 /f/；elephant 中 ph 也发 /f/，故选 A。thank 中 th 发 /θ/，shop 中 sh 发 /ʃ/。 八 给下列句子选择对应的图片。(5分) 答案：A B C D E 1. 王先生是厨师，为大家做美味的食物，对应图 A（厨师在厨房里做菜）。 2. 警察帮助孩子们过马路，对应图 B（警察牵着孩子的手过斑马线）。 3. 校车司机每天送我们上学，对应图 C（司机坐在黄色的校车里）。 4. 孩子们在为老人打扫房间，对应图 D（孩子们拿着抹布和扫帚打扫房间）。 5. 本在为老人们拍照，对应图 E（男孩举着相机给几位老人拍照）。 九 按要求完成句子。(5分) 1. help 解析：主语由 He 改为 We 后是复数，一般现在时的谓语动词要用原形，即 We help people every day. 2. isn't sweeping 解析：现在进行时的否定形式是在 be 动词后加 not，is not 缩写为 isn't，即 The cleaner isn't sweeping the floor. 3. Is; taking 解析：把 be 动词 Is 提到句首并大写，其余部分照抄，即 Is Ben taking photos for the old people? 4. What are; doing 解析：划线部分是正在做的动作，用 What...doing 提问，即 What are the volunteers doing? 5. He often helps the old people. 解析：主语 He 在最前，often 放在实义动词 helps 之前，即 He often helps the old people. 十 从方框中选择合适的句子，补全对话。(5分) 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. E 解析： 1. 由答语"I am making the bed for the old people."可知此处询问对方正在做什么，选 A（What are you doing now?）。 2. 由答语"We often sing old songs and tell funny stories."可知此处询问经常为老人们做什么，选 B（What do you often do for the old people?）。 3. 由答语"Yes, she is. My mother is a volunteer too."可知此处是一般疑问句并询问妈妈的职业身份，选 C（Is your mother a volunteer too?）。 4. 由答语"He is a delivery worker."可知此处询问爸爸的工作，选 D（What's your father's job?）。 5. 本回答 Thank you!，说明对方刚才称赞了这份工作，选 E（That's an important job.）。 十一 【新情景·语言能力】根据图片和括号内英文提示补全对话。(3分) 1. Is 解析：一般现在时中含有 be 动词的句子，改一般疑问句时把 be 提到句首并大写，主语 he 是第三人称单数，故填 Is。 2. are cleaning 解析：由问句 What are...doing? 可知答语用现在进行时，主语 They 是复数，用 are + 动词-ing，即 are cleaning。 十二 【新趋势·语篇理解】从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式补全短文。(7分) 1. is making 解析：now 提示动作正在进行，主语 Lily 是第三人称单数，用 is making。 2. story 解析：a funny story 意为"一个有趣的故事"，a 后接可数名词单数 story。 3. singing 解析：are 后接动词-ing 形式，sing 直接加 ing 得 singing。 4. clean 解析：主语 I 后接动词原形，often 提示是一般现在时，故填 clean。 5. photos 解析：take photos 意为"拍照"，photo 变复数直接加 -s，即 photos。 6. helps 解析：主语 He 是第三人称单数，often 提示一般现在时，help 加 -s 得 helps。 7. don't play 解析：主语 I 构成否定句用 don't + 动词原形，即 don't play。 十三 【新情景·生活小故事】阅读小故事，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。(5分) 1. F 解析：由原文"His neighbour Mr Li is a firefighter."可知李先生是消防队员，不是司机，故填 F。 2. T 解析：由原文"Mr Li often helps people"可知李先生经常帮助人们，故填 T。 3. T 解析：由原文"On Sunday, Ben goes to the old people's home with his friends."可知他周日去敬老院，故填 T。 4. F 解析：由原文"Ben is making the bed for Grandma Wang. Lily is telling a funny story."可知铺床的是本，讲故事的是莉莉，故填 F。 5. T 解析：由原文"The old people are very happy."可知老人们很开心，故填 T。 十四 【新情境·真实情境】下图是我们社区的"社区帮手"一览表。阅读表格，选择正确的答案。(5分) 1. B 解析：表格中 Mr Li 一栏：a firefighter（一名消防队员），故选 B。 2. A 解析：表格中 Mrs Wang 一栏：sweeps the street every morning（每天早上扫街），故选 A。 3. B 解析：表格中 Mr Zhao 一栏：takes food and boxes to people（把食物和箱子送给人们），故选 B。 4. A 解析：表格中 Miss Chen 一栏：takes children to school（送孩子们上学），故选 A。 5. B 解析：表格中 Ben and Lily 一栏：make the bed and tell stories（铺床、讲故事），故选 B。 十五 阅读短文，完成下列各题。(10分) 1. 判断正(T)误(F) (1) T 解析：由原文"Cleaners keep our streets clean."可知清洁工让街道保持干净，故填 T。 (2) F 解析：由原文"Delivery workers take food and other things to our homes. Bus drivers take us to school."可知送我们上学的是公交车司机，故填 F。 (3) T 解析：由原文"You can take photos for them."可知我们可以为老人们拍照，故填 T。 2. 回答问题 (1) They help us. 解析：由原文"Firefighters help us when there is a fire."可知发生火灾时消防队员帮助我们。 (2) We can help them cross the road, clean the room, sing songs, tell funny stories and take photos for them. 解析：由原文"You can help the old people cross the road... sing songs or tell funny stories... take photos for them."可知答案，答出其中一至两项即可。 十六 书面表达。(5分) 参考范文 I live in a big community. Many people help us every day. My uncle is a firefighter. He often helps people. I am a volunteer too. On Sunday, I go to the old people's home with my friends. Look! I am making the bed for an old man. Chen Jie is telling a funny story. We also sing old songs and take photos for the old people. They are very happy. Helping others is an important job. I am very happy too! 评分标准 1. 要点完整，贴合"Helping in My Community"主题（2分） 2. 能正确使用现在进行时和一般现在时，语法错误少（1分） 3. 语句连贯，不少于5句话（1分） 4. 书写工整规范（1分） 【附】本单元知识点梳理（Unit 4 Helping in the community） 一、重点词汇与词形转换 职业名词：firefighter 消防队员；police 警察；police officer 警察；警员；driver 司机；cleaner 清洁工；cook 厨师；volunteer 志愿者；delivery worker 快递员 其他名词：bed 床；Mrs 太太；夫人；story 故事；photo 照片；bus stop 公交车站；old people's home 敬老院 动词：make the bed 铺床；tell 讲述；告诉；help 帮助；clean 打扫；sing 唱歌；take 拿；带；cross 穿过；sweep 扫 形容词：old 年纪大的；过去的；funny 有趣的；important 重要的；happy 高兴的；great 很棒的 词形变化：drive→driver（加-er变职业名词）；need→needs（三单）；help→helps（三单）；make→making（去e加ing）；sing→singing（直接加ing）；story→stories（y变ies）；photo→photos（o结尾加s） 二、重点短语 help the community 帮助社区；help others 帮助别人；clean the room 打扫房间；sweep the floor 打扫地板；make the bed 铺床 take photos 拍照；tell funny stories 讲有趣的故事；sing old songs 唱老歌；draw a picture 画画；cross the road 过马路 old people's home 敬老院；an important job 一份重要的工作；school bus driver 校车司机；delivery worker 快递员；police officer 警察 every day 每天；right now 现在；take a walk 散步；in danger 处于危险中；start work 开始工作 三、核心句型 —What do people do to help the community? —They clean the streets. 询问人们做什么来帮助社区。 He often helps people. / He takes us to school every day. 描述某人经常为社区做的事情。 Our neighbour is a firefighter. He often helps people. 介绍身边人的职业及其行为。 She is making the bed. / He is singing old songs. / They are cleaning the room. 描述正在进行的动作。 —What are they doing? —They are cleaning the room. 询问某人正在做什么。 —Is he a firefighter? —Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. 确认某人身份及答语。 —What's your father's job? —He is a delivery worker. 询问职业及答语。 Lily is making the bed for Grandma Li. 用 for 引出动作的对象。 四、核心语法：现在进行时与一般现在时 1. 现在进行时表示现在或此刻正在进行的动作，常用标志词：look, listen, now, right now。 2. 基本结构：主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词-ing + 其他。如 She is making the bed. / They are cleaning the room. 3. be 动词口诀：我用 am，你用 are，is 跟着他(he)她(she)它(it)；单数 is，复数 are。 4. 动词-ing 变化规则（直、去、双、变）：①一般直接加 ing，如 sing→singing, clean→cleaning；②以不发音的 e 结尾去 e 加 ing，如 make→making, take→taking；③"辅元辅"结尾双写末尾辅音字母再加 ing，如 run→running, swim→swimming；④以 ie 结尾变 ie 为 y 再加 ing，如 lie→lying。 5. 现在进行时的否定句：在 be 后加 not，如 He isn't sleeping.；一般疑问句：把 be 提到句首，如 Is Mike sleeping? — Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. 6. 现在进行时的特殊疑问句：What is/are + 主语 + doing? 如 What are the volunteers doing? 7. 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作，常用标志词：often, usually, every day, every morning。 8. 一般现在时中，主语是第三人称单数时动词加 -s/-es：He often helps people. He takes us to school. 9. 主语是复数或 I/you/we/they 时，动词用原形：The volunteers often help the old people. 10. 两者对比：now / look / listen 用现在进行时，often / every day 用一般现在时。 五、语音与易错提醒 语音：字母组合 ph 在单词中发 /f/：phone（电话）、photo（照片）、elephant（大象）、telephone（电话）、physics（物理，了解即可）。 1. 现在进行时不要漏掉 be 动词：She is making the bed.（×She making the bed.） 2. be 动词要与主语一致：They are cleaning.（×They is cleaning.） 3. make 去 e 再加 ing → making（×makeing）；take → taking。 4. 一般现在时三单形式：He often helps people.（×help）；He takes us to school.（×take）。 5. story 的复数是 stories（×storys）；photo 的复数是 photos（×photoes）。 6. 元音音素开头的单词前用 an：an important job（×a important job）；辅音音素开头的用 a：a firefighter, a police officer。 7. old people's home 是"敬老院"，注意名词所有格的位置；the old people 是复数，表示"老人们"。 8. make the bed for sb. 意为"为某人铺床"，介词用 for（×make the bed to sb.）。 9. cross the road 意为"过马路"，cross 是动词（×across the road 中的 across 是介词）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $