Unit 8 The world of literature 语法篇（if&unless引导的条件状语从句）-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册导练测同步（译林版2024）

Unit 8 The world of literature 语法篇 关于“if引导的条件状语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。if意思是“如果，假如”，可用来引导条件状语从句。如： If it does not rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足。 You will get good grades if you study hard. 如果你努力学习，就会取得好成绩。 注意：if引导的条件状语从句可以位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。如果从句在前，从句与主句之间要用逗号隔开。 ◆在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句中的动词常用一般将来时，从句中的动词用一般现在时。如： If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他(帮忙)，他会帮你的。 They are going to have a picnic if they are free next Saturday. 如果下周六有空，他们就去野餐。 ◆在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句也可以含有情态动词或是祈使句。如： If it is fine tomorrow, we can go and fly kites. 如果明天天气好，我们可以去放风筝。 Don’t miss the programme if you like music.如果你喜欢音乐，不要错过这个节目。 关于“unless引导的条件状语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 我们还可以用 unless来引导条件状语从句。如： Unless he writes them down, he will forget things. 除非他把事情记下来，否则就会忘记。 We will not get there on time unless we leave earlier. 如果我们不早点离开，就不能准时到那里。 ◆unless意思是“除非，如果不”，相当于if ... not。如： You will be late unless you leave at once.如果你不马上走，你将会迟到。 = If you do not leave at once, you will be late. ◆在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主句中的动词常用一般将来时，从句中的动词用一般现在时。如： Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，否则比赛将照常进行。 ◆同if引导的条件状语从句一样，在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主句也可以含有情态动词或是祈使句。如： He cannot see clearly unless he wears glasses.他不戴眼镜就看不清楚。 Don’t touch the machine unless the teacher allows you to. 没有老师的允许，不要碰机器。 一、整体感知状语从句 序号 从句类别 连接词 1 时间状语从句 ①when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, until ②as soon as, hardly/scarcely/barely…when, no sooner…than 某些副词、名词短语所引导的时间状语从句：immediately, the moment(以上都表示一……就……), each time(每次), every time(每次), the next time(下次), by the time(到……时候为止) 2 地点状语从句 where, wherever 3 原因状语从句 because, since, as, for 4 目的状语从句 so that, in order that 5 结果状语从句 so…that, such…that 6 条件状语从句 if, unless, once, as/so long as, in case 7 让步状语从句 ①although, though, while, even though, even if ②疑问词+ever, no matter+疑问词 ③whether ... or ..., no matter whether ...or ... 8 方式状语从句 as, as if, as though 9 比较状语从句 as … as…, than…, the +比较级……, the +比较级…… 二、条件状语从句详解 引导条件状语的连词 注意点 例句 if 意为“如果”，表示可能发生的条件；从句位于主句前，从句后必须加逗号，与主句分隔。从句位于主句之后时，主句后不需加逗号。 We will go for a picnic if it is fine tomorrow. =If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic如果明天天气好，我们就去野餐。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go fishing. =We’ll go fishing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow 如果明天不下雨，我们就去钓鱼。 从句时态：从句中必须用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。(以上规则同样适用于其它条件状语从句) The teacher will get angry if I don’t finish my homework.如果我完不成作业，老师会生气的。 He said(that)he would come to help me clean the room if he was free the next day.他说如果第二天有空，他就来帮助我打扫房间。 If we work hard, we can create a better future. 如果我们努力奋斗，就能创造更美好的未来。 Don’t cross the river if you can’t swim. 如果你不会游泳就不要过河。 Have a good rest if you’re tired. 如果你累了，就好好休息。 if引导宾语从句时，从句时态不受上述规则限制。 I don’t know if Jack will come and join us. If he comes, I’ll call you.我不知道杰克是否会来加入我们。如果他来，我会打电话给你。 only if意为“只有”，引导条件状语从句，且从句置于主句前时，主句部分要倒装。 高中语法知识(仅供参考)：if only“如果/要是……就好了”。 Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the classroom. 学生只有得到老师的许可才能离开教室。 If only I were as clever as you.(虚拟语气) 我要是像你一样聪明就好了。 高中语法知识(仅供参考)：if引导虚拟条件句。 If I were you , I would stay away from sweet desserts.如果我是你，我就会远离甜点心。 unless 意为“除非；如果不”，相当于if ... not ...。 Unless you are interested in writing, you will not like the class.=You will not like the class unless you are interested in writing. =You will not like the class if you are not interested in writing.如果你对写作不感兴趣，你就不会喜欢这门课。 You can’t drive the car unless you have a driver’s license.你不能开车，除非你有驾照。 Don’t take this medicine unless it is necessary. 除非有必要，不要吃这种药。 once 意为“一旦”，表示条件一旦满足，结果就会发生。 Once you start, you will never give up. 一旦你开始，就永远不要放弃。 as/so long as 意为“只要”，强调条件的充分性。 You will find the task is not so difficult as it seems to be as/so long as you try harder. 只要你更努力地尝试，你就会发现这项任务并不像看起来那么难。 As/So long as you study hard, you’ll get good grades.只要你努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。 in case 意为“万一；以防”。表示预防性的条件。 In case there is a fire/a fire breaks out, what will we do first?万一发生火灾，我们首先要做什么？ Please take an umbrella with you in case it rains on the way.请随身带把伞，以防在途中下雨。 三、相关句型间的转换 句型转换 例句 if ... not ...⇆unless ... ①If you don’t work hard, you won’t get good grades. ⇆Unless you work hard, you won’t get good grades. ②Unless it is sunny, we won’t play outside. ⇆We won’t play outside if it isn’t sunny. 祈使句+and+陈述句 ⇆if条件状语从句 ①Work hard, and you will make progress. ⇆If you work hard, you will make progress. ②If you keep practicing, your English will improve. ⇆Keep practicing, and your English will improve. 祈使句+or/or else/otherwise+陈述句 ⇆if/unless条件状语从句 ①Hurry up, or you will be late. ⇆If you don’t hurry up, you will be late. ⇆ Unless you hurry up, you will be late. ②Put on your coat, or else you will catch a cold. ⇆If you don’t put on your coat, you will catch a cold. ⇆Unless you put on your coat, you will catch a cold. ③Follow the rules, otherwise you’ll get into trouble. ⇆If you don’t follow the rules, you’ll get into trouble. ⇆Unless you follow the rules, you’ll get into trouble. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 The world of literature语法篇 (满分50分，答题时间45分钟) 一、单项选择(每题1分，满分15分) 1. ________ you count the priceless things money cannot buy, you will feel rich inside. A. Unless B. Though C. If D. Because 2. We will have to cancel the outdoor activity ________ the rain stops before noon. A. until B. though C. unless D. because 3. ________ you stick to practicing speaking English every day ________ you improve your oral English quickly. A. Only if, will B. If, can C. Unless, will D. As long as, can 4. I think friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them ________ they are good. A. as well as B. as good as C. as long as D. as far as 5. —How was your trip last vacation? —It was wonderful. I went to Mount Huangshan. ________ you climb Mount Huangshan, you needn’t go to see any other mountain. A. Or B. Once C. Although D. Until 6. You are allowed to use the emergency exit ________ there is a fire. A. after B. because C. unless D. in case 7. —What a mess! The sharing bikes are thrown everywhere. —Let’s collect and put them in the right place ________ they can be used conveniently. A. unless B. so that C. because D. so long as 8. ________ I entered my thirties, I have realized that I can’t change a person ________ he is willing to change himself. A. When, because B. After, unless C. Since, unless D. When, if 9. —Jim has made ________ great progress in the Physics exam that his teacher feels surprised. —It’s hard for him to get high marks ________ he works hard enough. A. so, until B. such, before C. so, while D. such, unless 10.—Do you think we can get there on time? — ________ the car doesn’t break down. A. As long so B. Even though C. As soon as D. So long as 11. Chances belong to those ________ keep trying. ________ you keep working hard, you’ll succeed sooner or later. A. who, As soon as B. whom, As well as C. who, As long as D. whom, As far as 12. ________ we can go to amusement parks and watch films and TV shows, we don’t spend as much time with friends in person as children in the past. A. Unless B. Though C. If D. Until 13. The air in cities ________ cleaner if fewer cars ________ in the future. A. will be made, are driven B. is made, will be driven C. will be made, will be driven D. is made, are driven 14. —I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow.         —Well, if it _________, the school sports meeting will be put off. A. will rain, will rain B. rains, will rain C. will rain, rains D. rains, rains 15. —Do you know if he ________ the job offer? —Unless he ________ a higher salary, I am sure he won’t. A. will receive, accepts B. will accept, receives C. receives, will accept D. accepts, receives 二、用条件状语从句合并下列句子(每空1词，每题2分，满分20分) 1. The runner takes part in the race. His leg gets well. The runner ________ take part in the race ________ his leg gets well. 2. She will go swimming. It will be sunny tomorrow. She will go swimming ________ it ________ sunny tomorrow. 3. You are interested in amazing artworks. Go to visit Dunhuang. ________ to visit Dunhuang ________ you are interested in amazing artworks. 4. You don’t study hard. You will not pass the exam. You ________ pass the exam ________ you study hard. 5. Don’t make a promise. You can’t keep it. Don’t make a promise ________ you ________ keep it. 6. We can know more about foreign friends. We can understand their culture. We ________ know more about foreign friends ________ we understand their culture. 7. The train doesn’t stop. You mustn’t get off the train. You mustn’t get off the train ________ ________ ________. 8. We will cancel the task. It may rain heavily. We will cancel the task ________ ________ it rains heavily. 9. We listen carefully in class. We can understand the knowledge easily. ________ ________ ________ we listen carefully in class, we can understand the knowledge easily. 10. You can ask private questions. You must know others very well. You can ask private questions ________ ________ you know others very well. 三、句型转换(每空1词，每题1.5分，满分15分) 1. Unless you lose weight, you will have health problems. →________ you ________ lose weight, you will have health problems. 2. If you give him another two cakes, he will be satisfied. →He won’t be satisfied ________ you give him two ________ cakes. 3. Call a taxi, and you’ll catch the train. →________ you ________ call a taxi, you ________ miss the train. 4. We never visit a friend’s house without calling first. →We won’t visit a friend’s house ________ we haven’t ________ first. 5. Keep practicing and you will improve your English skills. →________ you ________ practicing, you won’t improve your English skills. 6. Check carefully, and you will make fewer mistakes. →________ you check carefully, you ________ ________ fewer mistakes. 7. Keep working hard, and you will achieve success. →________ ________ keep working hard, you will achieve success. 8. Work harder, or you’ll not do well in your new job. →________ ________ work harder, you’ll not do well in your new job. 9. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the early train. →Hurry up, ________ you will miss the early train. →You will miss the early train ________ you hurry up. 10. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. →________ your handwriting, ________ you will lose marks in the exam. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 The world of literature语法篇 (满分50分，答题时间45分钟) 一、单项选择(每题1分，满分15分) 1. ________ you count the priceless things money cannot buy, you will feel rich inside. A. Unless B. Though C. If D. Because 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如果你数一数那些金钱买不到的无价之宝，你就会感到内心富有。Unless除非；Though虽然；If如果；Because因为。根据主句“you will feel rich inside”是一般将来时，结合句意逻辑，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”数一数无价之宝，就会感到富有，故选C。 2. We will have to cancel the outdoor activity ________ the rain stops before noon. A. until B. though C. unless D. because 【答案】C 【解析】句意：除非中午前雨停，否则我们将不得不取消户外活动。until直到(引导时间状语从句)；though虽然(引导让步状语从句)；unless除非(引导条件状语从句)；because因为(引导原因状语从句)。根据句意，故选unless。 3. ________ you stick to practicing speaking English every day ________ you improve your oral English quickly. A. Only if, will B. If, can C. Unless, will D. As long as, can 【答案】A 【解析】句意：只有你坚持每天练习说英语，你才会快速提高你的英语口语。Only if意为“只有”，引导条件状语从句；only+状语从句置于句首时，主句需要部分倒装。If, Unless, As long as引导条件状语从句放句首，主句不需要倒装；且can语义不符合语境，据此排除BCD，故选A。 4. I think friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them ________ they are good. A. as well as B. as good as C. as long as D. as far as 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我认为朋友就像书一样——只要它们是好的，你不需要很多。考查连词辨析。as well as意为“并且，和……一样好”；as good as意为“和……一样好”；as long as意为“只要”；as far as意为“至于，就……而言”。根据句意可知此空后面引导的是条件状语从句，结合选项可知只有C选项能引导条件状语从句，其它选项均语意不通；故选C。 5. —How was your trip last vacation? —It was wonderful. I went to Mount Huangshan. ________ you climb Mount Huangshan, you needn’t go to see any other mountain. A. Or B. Once C. Although D. Until 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“你上个假期的旅行怎么样？”“太棒了。我去了黄山。一旦你爬了黄山，就不必去看其他的山了。”Or或者，否则；Once一旦；Although尽管；Until直到……为止。根据“...you climb Mount Huangshan, you needn’t go to see any other mountain.”可知，此处表示一种条件，即一旦爬了黄山，就不需要看其他山了，应填Once。 6. You are allowed to use the emergency exit ________ there is a fire. A. after B. because C. unless D. in case 【答案】D 【解析】句意：万一发生火灾，你可以使用紧急出口。after在……之后，引导时间状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；in case以防；万一，引导条件状语从句。根据主句“You are allowed to use the emergency exit”和选项可知，从句表示“万一发生火灾”，故选D。 7. —What a mess! The sharing bikes are thrown everywhere. —Let’s collect and put them in the right place ________ they can be used conveniently. A. unless B. so that C. because D. so long as 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“真是一团糟！共享自行车到处都是。”“让我们把它们收集起来放在合适的地方，这样它们就可以方便地使用了。”unless除非；so that以便；because因为；so long as只要。结合句意可知，此处是so that引导的目的状语从句，故选B。 8. ________ I entered my thirties, I have realized that I can’t change a person ________ he is willing to change himself. A. When, because B. After, unless C. Since, unless D. When, if 【答案】C 【解析】句意：自从我三十多岁，我意识到我不能改变一个人，除非他愿意改变自己。when当……时；because因为；after在……之后；unless除非；since自从；if如果。根据“entered”及“have realized”可知，第一空是since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，因此可排除ABD三项。根据“I can’t change a person … he is willing to change himself”可知，除非自己愿意改变，否则无法改变一个人，第二空填unless，故选C。 9. —Jim has made ________ great progress in the Physics exam that his teacher feels surprised. —It’s hard for him to get high marks ________ he works hard enough. A. so, until B. such, before C. so, while D. such, unless 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“Jim在物理考试中取得了如此大的进步，以至于他的老师感到惊讶。”“除非他足够努力，否则他很难得高分。”so后接形容词或副词；such后接名词或名词短语；until直到；before在……之前；while当……时；unless除非。“great progress”是名词短语，应用“such”修饰；根据“很难取得高分”和“足够努力”的逻辑关系，应用“unless”引导条件状语从句。 10.—Do you think we can get there on time? — ________ the car doesn’t break down. A. As long so B. Even though C. As soon as D. So long as 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你认为我们能准时到那里吗？”“只要车不发生故障，我们就能准时到达。”As long so为错误搭配；Even though即使；As soon as一……就……；So long as只要；根据句意可知只要他们的车不出故障，他们就能准时到达，故选D。 11. Chances belong to those ________ keep trying. ________ you keep working hard, you’ll succeed sooner or later. A. who, As soon as B. whom, As well as C. who, As long as D. whom, As far as 【答案】C 【解析】句意：机会属于那些不断尝试的人。只要你不断努力，你迟早会成功。who谁，在定语从句中作主语；whom谁，在定语从句中作宾语；As soon as一……就；As well as和，也；As long as只要；As far as就……而言。第一空是定语从句，先行词those指人，从句keep trying缺主语，应使用关系代词who；根据“you’ll succeed sooner or later.(你迟早会成功)”可知，此处应表示只要不断努力，用as long as，故选C。 12. ________ we can go to amusement parks and watch films and TV shows, we don’t spend as much time with friends in person as children in the past. A. Unless B. Though C. If D. Until 【答案】B 【解析】句意：尽管我们可以去游乐园、看电影和电视节目，但我们不像过去的孩子那样花那么多时间与朋友面对面相处。Unless除非；Though尽管；If如果；Until直到。根据句意，前半句“我们可以去游乐园、看电影和电视节目”与后半句“我们不像过去的孩子那样花那么多时间与朋友面对面相处”形成让步关系，强调“尽管”有这些娱乐活动，但结果相反，需用表示让步的连词。Though符合此语境，故选B。 13. The air in cities ________ cleaner if fewer cars ________ in the future. A. will be made, are driven B. is made, will be driven C. will be made, will be driven D. is made, are driven 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果更少的汽车被使用，城市空气将会变得更洁净。if引导真实条件状语从句，遵循主将从现；主句主语the air和make是被动关系，从句主语fewer cars和drive是被动关系，故选 A。 14. —I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow.         —Well, if it _________, the school sports meeting will be put off. A. will rain, will rain B. rains, will rain C. will rain, rains D. rains, rains 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“我不知道明天是否会下雨。”“嗯，如果下雨，校运动会会被推迟。”will rain将会下雨，一般将来时态；rains下雨，一般现在时态。根据“I don’t know if it...tomorrow.”可知，本句为宾语从句，根据时间状语“tomorrow”可知，此处应用一般将来时态；根据“if it...the school sports meeting will be put off.”可知本句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态，故选C。 15. —Do you know if he ________ the job offer? —Unless he ________ a higher salary, I am sure he won’t. A. will receive, accepts B. will accept, receives C. receives, will accept D. accepts, receives 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“你知道他是否会接受这个工作吗？”“除非他得到更高的薪水，我确定他不会。”receive收到；accept接受。根据“Do you know if he … the job offer?”可知，此句是if引导的宾语从句，此处说的是不知道是否会接受，用一般将来时，因此第一个空填will accept；再由“Unless he…a higher salary,”可知，此句是Unless条件状语从句，该从句描述的是除非他得到更高的薪水，这是一个条件，通常使用一般现在时来表示将来。所以，这里应该使用一般现在时“receives”，故选B。 二、用条件状语从句合并下列句子(每空1词，每题2分，满分20分) 1. The runner takes part in the race. His leg gets well. The runner ________ take part in the race ________ his leg gets well. 【答案】will, if 【解析】根据“The runner takes part in the race. His leg gets well.”可知：如果这名赛跑运动员的腿痊愈，他就会参加比赛。用if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故填will, if。 2. She will go swimming. It will be sunny tomorrow. She will go swimming ________ it ________ sunny tomorrow. 【答案】if, is 【解析】根据“She will go swimming. It will be sunny tomorrow.”可知：如果明天天气晴朗，她就去游泳。用 if 引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时，主语it，be动词用is，故填if, is。 3. You are interested in amazing artworks. Go to visit Dunhuang. ________ to visit Dunhuang ________ you are interested in amazing artworks. 【答案】Go, if 【解析】根据 “You are interested in amazing artworks. Go to visit Dunhuang.” 可知：如果你对令人惊叹的艺术品感兴趣，就去参观敦煌。本句为祈使句+ if引导的条件状语从句，祈使句以动词原形开头，故填Go, if。 4. You don’t study hard. You will not pass the exam. You ________ pass the exam ________ you study hard. 【答案】won’t, unless 【解析】根据“You don’t study hard. You will not pass the exam.”可知：除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时的否定形式won’t，故填won’t, unless。 5. Don’t make a promise. You can’t keep it. Don’t make a promise ________ you ________ keep it. 【答案】unless, can 【解析】根据“Don’t make a promise. You can’t keep it.”可知：除非你能信守承诺，否则不要许下诺言。unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，情态动词can保持原形，故填unless, can。 6. We can know more about foreign friends. We can understand their culture. We ________ know more about foreign friends ________ we understand their culture. 【答案】can’t, unless或can, if 【解析】句意：我们可以更多地了解外国朋友。我们可以理解他们的文化。unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，表达“除非……否则不能……”的逻辑。合并后句子表达“除非我们理解他们的文化，否则我们无法更多地了解外国朋友”，故填can’t, unless。 根据原句意义可理解为：如果我们理解他们的文化，我们就能更多地了解外国朋友。用if引导条件状语从句，遵循主情从现，情态动词can用原形，故填can, if。 7. The train doesn’t stop. You mustn’t get off the train. You mustn’t get off the train ________ ________ ________. 【答案】unless it stops 【解析】根据“The train doesn’t stop. You mustn’t get off the train.”可知：除非火车停下，否则你严禁下车。unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，主语it，一般现在时，谓语动词用stops，故填unless it stops。 8. We will cancel the task. It may rain heavily. We will cancel the task ________ ________ it rains heavily. 【答案】in case 【解析】根据“We will cancel the task. It may rain heavily.”可知：万一下大雨，我们将取消这项任务。本句可转换为“万一下大雨，我们将会取消这项任务”。in case意为“万一”，引导条件状语从句，故填in case。 9. We listen carefully in class. We can understand the knowledge easily. ________ ________ ________ we listen carefully in class, we can understand the knowledge easily. 【答案】As long as 【解析】根据“We listen carefully in class. We can understand the knowledge easily.”可知：只要我们上课认真听讲，就能轻松理解知识。as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句，句首首字母大写，故填As long as。 10. You can ask private questions. You must know others very well. You can ask private questions ________ ________ you know others very well. 【答案】only if 【解析】根据“You can ask private questions. You must know others very well.”可知：只有你非常了解别人，你才可以询问私人问题。only if意为“只有”，引导条件状语从句，故填only if。 三、句型转换(每空1词，每题1.5分，满分15分) 1. Unless you lose weight, you will have health problems. →________ you ________ lose weight, you will have health problems. 【答案】If, don’t 【解析】原句句意：除非你减肥，否则你将会有健康问题。本句可转换为“如果你不减肥，你将会有健康问题”。unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，相当于“if ... not ...”。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写从句的时态也为一般现在时，if放在句首，首字母需大写；所给句子的主语是“you”，结合原句句意，应借助助动词don’t构成否定句，故填If, don’t。 2. If you give him another two cakes, he will be satisfied. →He won’t be satisfied ________ you give him two ________ cakes. 【答案】unless, more 【解析】原句句意：如果你再给他两块蛋糕，他就会满意的。本句可转换为 “除非你再给他两块蛋糕，否则他不会满意”。if引导条件状语从句，“if ... not ...”可换成unless，unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写从句的时态也为一般现在时；“another+数量+名词”可转换为“数量+ more +名词”，结合原句句意，故填unless, more。 3. Call a taxi, and you’ll catch the train. →________ you ________ call a taxi, you ________ miss the train. 【答案】If, don’t, will 【解析】原句句意：叫辆出租车，你就能赶上火车。本句可转换为 “如果你不叫出租车，你将会错过火车”。“祈使句+and+陈述句”可转换为if引导的条件状语从句。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写从句的时态也为一般现在时，if放在句首，首字母需大写；所给句子的主语是“you”，结合原句句意，应借助助动词don’t构成否定句，主句用will表将来，故填If, don’t, will。 4. We never visit a friend’s house without calling first. →We won’t visit a friend’s house ________ we haven’t ________ first. 【答案】if, called 【解析】原句句意：我们从未事先不打电话就去拜访朋友。介词 without“没有”，相当于if … not。本句改写后从句已经给出助动词haven’t，后面使用call的过去分词called构成现在完成时，故填if, called。 5. Keep practicing and you will improve your English skills. →________ you ________ practicing, you won’t improve your English skills. 【答案】Unless, keep 【解析】原句句意：坚持练习，你就会提高你的英语技能。本句可转换为“除非你坚持练习，否则你不会提高你的英语技能”。“祈使句+and+陈述句”可转换为unless引导的条件状语从句，unless“除非”，相当于“if ... not ...”。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写从句的时态也为一般现在时，unless放在句首，首字母需大写；所给句子的主语是“you”，结合原句句意，动词用原形keep，故填Unless, keep。 6. Check carefully, and you will make fewer mistakes. →________ you check carefully, you ________ ________ fewer mistakes. 【答案】If, will make 【解析】原句句意：认真检查，你就会少犯一点错误。本句可转换为“如果你认真检查，你将会少犯一点错误”。“祈使句+and+陈述句”可转换为if引导的条件状语从句。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写句子遵循主将从现，if放在句首，首字母需大写；结合原句句意，主句用will make，故填If, will make。 7. Keep working hard, and you will achieve success. →________ ________ keep working hard, you will achieve success. 【答案】If you 【解析】原句句意：继续努力，你会成功的。本句可转换为 “如果你继续努力，你将会取得成功”。“祈使句+and+陈述句”可转换为if引导的条件状语从句。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写从句的时态也为一般现在时，if放在句首，首字母需大写；所给句子的主语是“you”，结合原句句意，故填If you。 8. Work harder, or you’ll not do well in your new job. →________ ________ work harder, you’ll not do well in your new job. 【答案】Unless, you 【解析】原句句意：更加努力工作，否则你在新工作中会做不好。本句可转换为“除非你更加努力工作，否则你在新工作中会做不好”。“祈使句+or+陈述句”可转换为unless引导的条件状语从句，unless“除非”，相当于“if ... not ...”。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写从句的时态也为一般现在时，unless放在句首，首字母需大写；所给句子的主语是“you”，结合原句句意，故填Unless, you。 9. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the early train. →Hurry up, ________ you will miss the early train. →You will miss the early train ________ you hurry up. 【答案】or/otherwise, unless 【解析】原句句意：如果你不快点，你将错过早班火车。第一句可转换为“快点，否则你将错过早班火车”；第二句可转换为“除非你快点，否则你将错过早班火车”。if引导条件状语从句，“if ... not ...” 可以转换为“祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句”，也可以转换为unless引导的条件状语从句，unless“除非”，相当于“if ... not ...”。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写句子时态保持一致；结合原句句意，故填or/otherwise, unless。 10. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. →________ your handwriting, ________ you will lose marks in the exam. 【答案】Improve, or/otherwise 【解析】原句句意：如果你不改进你的书法，你就会在考试中失分。本句可转换为“改进你的书法，否则你就会在考试中失分”。if引导条件状语从句，“if ... not ...”可以转换为“祈使句+or+陈述句”。原句主句为一般将来时，从句时态为一般现在时，改写句子时态保持一致；祈使句以动词原形开头，首字母需大写，or意为“否则”，结合原句句意，故填Improve, or/otherwise。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 The world of literature 语法篇 关于“if引导的条件状语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。if意思是“如果，假如”，可用来引导条件状语从句。如： If it does not rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足。 You will get good grades if you study hard. 如果你努力学习，就会取得好成绩。 注意：if引导的条件状语从句可以位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。如果从句在前，从句与主句之间要用逗号隔开。 ◆在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句中的动词常用一般将来时，从句中的动词用一般现在时。如： If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他(帮忙)，他会帮你的。 They are going to have a picnic if they are free next Saturday. 如果下周六有空，他们就去野餐。 ◆在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句也可以含有情态动词或是祈使句。如： If it is fine tomorrow, we can go and fly kites. 如果明天天气好，我们可以去放风筝。 Don’t miss the programme if you like music.如果你喜欢音乐，不要错过这个节目。 关于“unless引导的条件状语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 我们还可以用 unless来引导条件状语从句。如： Unless he writes them down, he will forget things. 除非他把事情记下来，否则就会忘记。 We will not get there on time unless we leave earlier. 如果我们不早点离开，就不能准时到那里。 ◆unless意思是“除非，如果不”，相当于if ... not。如： You will be late unless you leave at once.如果你不马上走，你将会迟到。 = If you do not leave at once, you will be late. ◆在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主句中的动词常用一般将来时，从句中的动词用一般现在时。如： Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，否则比赛将照常进行。 ◆同if引导的条件状语从句一样，在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主句也可以含有情态动词或是祈使句。如： He cannot see clearly unless he wears glasses.他不戴眼镜就看不清楚。 Don’t touch the machine unless the teacher allows you to. 没有老师的允许，不要碰机器。 一、整体感知状语从句 序号 从句类别 连接词 1 时间状语从句 ①when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, until ②as soon as, hardly/scarcely/barely…when, no sooner…than 某些副词、名词短语所引导的时间状语从句：immediately, the moment(以上都表示一……就……), each time(每次), every time(每次), the next time(下次), by the time(到……时候为止) 2 地点状语从句 where, wherever 3 原因状语从句 because, since, as, for 4 目的状语从句 so that, in order that 5 结果状语从句 so…that, such…that 6 条件状语从句 if, unless, once, as/so long as, in case 7 让步状语从句 ①although, though, while, even though, even if ②疑问词+ever, no matter+疑问词 ③whether ... or ..., no matter whether ...or ... 8 方式状语从句 as, as if, as though 9 比较状语从句 as … as…, than…, the +比较级……, the +比较级…… 二、条件状语从句详解 引导条件状语的连词 注意点 例句 if 意为“如果”，表示可能发生的条件；从句位于主句前，从句后必须加逗号，与主句分隔。从句位于主句之后时，主句后不需加逗号。 We will go for a picnic . = , we will go for a picnic如果明天天气好，我们就去野餐。 , we’ll go fishing. =We’ll go fishing 如果明天不下雨，我们就去钓鱼。 从句时态：从句中必须用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。(以上规则同样适用于其它条件状语从句) The teacher will get angry if I my homework.如果我完不成作业，老师会生气的。 He said(that)he would come to help me clean the room if he the next day.他说如果第二天有空，他就来帮助我打扫房间。 , we can create a better future. 如果我们努力奋斗，就能创造更美好的未来。 Don’t cross the river . 如果你不会游泳就不要过河。 Have a good rest . 如果你累了，就好好休息。 if引导宾语从句时，从句时态不受上述规则限制。 I don’t know and join us. , I’ll call you.我不知道杰克是否会来加入我们。如果他来，我会打电话给你。 only if意为“只有”，引导条件状语从句，且从句置于主句前时，主句部分要倒装。 高中语法知识(仅供参考)：if only“如果/要是……就好了”。 a teacher has given permission the classroom. 学生只有得到老师的许可才能离开教室。 If only I were as clever as you.(虚拟语气) 我要是像你一样聪明就好了。 高中语法知识(仅供参考)：if引导虚拟条件句。 If I were you , I would stay away from sweet desserts.如果我是你，我就会远离甜点心。 unless 意为“除非；如果不”，相当于if ... not ...。 , you will not like the class.=You will not like the class . =You will not like the class .如果你对写作不感兴趣，你就不会喜欢这门课。 You the car you have a driver’s license.你不能开车，除非你有驾照。 this medicine it is necessary.除非有必要，不要吃这种药。 once 意为“一旦”，表示条件一旦满足，结果就会发生。 , you will never give up. 一旦你开始，就永远不要放弃。 as/so long as 意为“只要”，强调条件的充分性。 You will find the task is not so difficult as it seems to be . 只要你更努力地尝试，你就会发现这项任务并不像看起来那么难。 , you’ll get good grades.只要你努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。 in case 意为“万一；以防”。表示预防性的条件。 , what will we do first?万一发生火灾，我们首先要做什么？ Please take an umbrella with you on the way.请随身带把伞，以防在途中下雨。 三、相关句型间的转换 句型转换 例句 if ... not ...⇆unless ... ①If you don’t work hard, you won’t get good grades. ⇆ , you won’t get good grades. ②Unless it is sunny, we won’t play outside. ⇆We won’t play outside . 祈使句+and+陈述句 ⇆if条件状语从句 ①Work hard, and you will make progress. ⇆ , you will make progress. ②If you keep practicing, your English will improve. ⇆ , your English will improve. 祈使句+or/or else/otherwise+陈述句 ⇆if/unless条件状语从句 ①Hurry up, or you will be late. ⇆ , you will be late. ⇆ , you will be late. ②Put on your coat, or else you will catch a cold. ⇆ your coat, you will catch a cold. ⇆ your coat, you will catch a cold. ③Follow the rules, otherwise you’ll get into trouble. ⇆ the rules, you’ll get into trouble. ⇆ the rules, you’ll get into trouble. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $