练案20 选择性必修第一册 阶段强化训练 8-【衡中学案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习练案（北师大版）

Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·成都市毕业班质检) Two Chinese geoparks have been 1.official)named UNESCO Global Geoparks.This brings China's total number of UNESCO-recognized geoparks to 49,the 2.(high)in the world.The two new geoparks are Kanbula Geopark in Qinghai Province and Yunyang Geopark in Chongqing. Kanbula Geopark is well-known for its special landforms 3.(shape)by natural forces over time.Key features include the Maixiu volcanoes and a part of the Yellow River.The park has 162 geological()sites, 4.(show)different landforms like volcanic rocks,landslide remains,and Danxia landforms.It also has rock layers from three different periods in Earth's history,which help scientists study tectonic()changes.Kanbula is not only 5.nature-it is also rich in culture.6.area is famous for Regong art,an important part of Tibetan Buddhist art in China,influenced by many traditions. Yunyang Geopark 7.(become)a UNESCO site in April 2025 because of its impressive landscapes.It is famous for the"Great Wall of Dinosaur Fossils".The park also includes large karst landforms,such as one of the world's deepest sinkholes,8.is 335 meters deep and important for research.The geopark has a rich ecosystem,with mountains,rivers,and thick forests.It also 9.(protect)many cultural and historic sites.One example is the Zhangfei Temple,which holds many ancient stelas(),calligraphy works,and 10.(paint) from the Han and Tang dynasties. Ⅳ.应用文写作 (2025·湖北省重点中学联考) 假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Henry明年打算来 中国游玩，请你给他写一封信，向他推荐一个主题乐 园。内容包括： 1.推荐理由； 2.主要活动； 3.美好祝愿。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 练案[20] 选择性必修第一册 阶段强化训练8 I.阅读理解 individual quality.People displayed similar levels of facial expressiveness across different contexts,with different (2O25·济南摸底)：social partners,and even over time periods up to four Are you an open book,your face broadcasting every months. passing emotion,or more of a poker face,not showing The researchers say that facial expressiveness is what you are feeling?Scientists at Nottingham Trent linked to personality,with more agreeable individuals University say that wearing your heart on your face,could displaying more lively faces.Facial expressiveness can actually give you a significant social advantage. also translate into concrete social benefits.In a negotiation The study,led by Eithne Kavanagh,a research task,more expressive individuals are more likely to fellow at NTU's School of Social Sciences,involving over secure a larger slice of a reward.The researchers suggest 1,300 participants,noticed striking variations in how that for agreeable folks,dynamic facial expressions may much people moved their faces during conversations.serve as a tool for building good relationships and Importantly,this expressiveness emerged as a stable smoothing over conflicts.Across the board,the results —505— point to facial expressiveness serving an"affiliative(Centuries later,Shakespeare once wrote of two characters 和力的)function”,or a social glue that develops liking who shook hands and swore to be brothers in the book As and smoother interactions. You Like It.Shaking hands seems to be an ancient custom Expressiveness is also linked to being seen as more whose roots are lost to the sands of time. "readable",suggesting that a lively face makes one's Historians who have studied ancient etiquette() intentions and mental states easier for others to decipher.books have noted that the modern handshake did not appear Beyond frequency of facial movements,people who until the middle of the 19th century,when it was considered employ facial expressions more strategically to suit social a slightly inappropriate gesture that should only be used goals,such as looking friendly in a greeting,are also between friends.But if Shakespeare was writing about more well-liked. handshaking hundreds of years earlier,what happened? The findings challenge the "poker face"common According to author Torbjorn Lundmark in his Tales belief that a still and unemotional appearance is always of Hi and Bye:Greeting and Parting Rituals Around the most advantageous.Instead,they suggest that for most World,the problem comes in differing definitions of the people,allowing one's face to mirror inner states and handshake.The early handshakes mentioned above were intentions can invite warmer reactions.As the researchers part of making deals or peace.Shakespeare was similarly conclude,"Being facially expressive is socially referencing the settlement of a conflict. advantageous."So,next time you catch yourself making The modern handshake as a form of greeting is lines on your forehead,or flashing a smile,know that harder to trace.As a Dutch sociologist Herman your face just might be working overtime on your behalf. Roodenburg-the chief authority for the history of 1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning handshaking-wrote in a chapter of an anthology called A the study? Cultural History of Gesture,"More than in any other A.Its impact. B.Its findings. field,that of the study of gesture is one in which the C.Its limitations. D.Its significance. historian has to make the most of only a few clues". 2.What may facial expressiveness serve as in negotiation As the centuries progressed,handshaking was settings? replaced by more hierarchical(等级制度的)ways of A.A way to frighten competitors. greeting-like bowing.Handshaking survived in a few B.A method to hide personality. remote places,like in Dutch towns where some would use C.A tool to show personal quality. the gesture to make peace after disagreements.Around the D.A strategy to settle disagreement. same time,those who valued equality also made use of 3.What does the underlined word "decipher"in Paragraph 4 handshaking.Then,as the Continent's hierarchy probably mean? weakened,handshaking became common practice among A.Copy. B.Overlook. people of the same rank,as it is today. C.Remember. D.Interpret. 5.Why does the author mention Shakespeare in the first 4.What may the author advise based on the findings of paragraph? the study? A.To prove that the history of handshaking is hard to A.Always wearing a still face. find. B.Learning to be an open book. B.To illustrate that handshaking is a very old custom. C.Speaking out inner emotions. C.To show readers that handshaking is common in D.Forcing a smile through tears. fiction. B D.To explain the value of handshaking in communication. (2025·安徽六校教育研究会入学测试)6.What can we learn about handshaking from the A handshake seems to be a normal gesture.In fact, passage? in the 9th century BC,an ancient site during the ruling of A.The origin of handshaking as a form of greeting is Shalmaneser lI clearly shows two figures holding hands. easy to trace. 506 B.Citizens usually shake hands to show friendliness in: D.All the living things of a particular region. the Netherlands. 8.What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the C.It was used only between friends and to reach an passage? agreement. A.The handshake has disappeared in some remote D.It is common practice between people of different parts of the Netherlands. social positions. B.Handshaking has different meanings in different 7.Which of the following is similar in meaning to European countries. “anthology”in Para.4? C.Handshakes are now common between people of A.The science of mental ability. different positions. B.A collection of selected literary passages. D.Most Europeans prefer to shake hands owing to the C.A daily written record of experiences. weakening effect of rank. Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·济南市学情检测)1.A.report B.message A school in Sarajevo is making headlines.The 1 began in C.article D.story 2.A.admit B.adopt September last year.Mirzana Coralic requested the primary school C.invite D.defend in her neighborhood to 2 her six-year-old son,Zeid,who has a 3.A.learning B.speech C.hearing 3 disability.The teacher,Sanela Ljumanovic,accepted almost D.sight 4.A.conditionally B.passively 4,but on the first day of school,she noticed Zejd sitting all by C.personally D.immediately himself,unable to 5 with anyone. 5.A.cooperate B.interact C.compete D.stay Sanela,determined to find a(n)6,tried developing a 6.A.solution B.explanation few tricks and signs.But a parent of another child 7 a better C.theory D.alternative idea-getting the whole class to 8 sign language along with 7.A.selected B.imagined C.presented D.favored Zejd.They got a sign language teacher,and three months later, 8.A.enjoy B.create Zejd was happily able to communicate with all his classmates about C.design D.learn 9 things like homework and games. 9.A.regular B.formal C.complex D.professional The other kids in the class are quite happy as well."I 10 10.A.afford B.like to learn sign language so I can talk to Zejd and other deaf people," C.prepare D.wait B.confusing said one of his classmates.Now,sign language is getting quite 11.A.popular C.challenging D.impractical 11 at the primary school,with kids from other classes 12 12.A.failing B.hesitating to learn as well.It is hoped that it can be 13 as a part of the C.trying D.helping 13.A.described B.known official course. C.defined D.included "Sign language is great because it 14 communication and 14.A.enables B.shows also helps children become more 15 to people with C.stresses D.repeats 15.A.impolite B.sensitive disabilities,"said Sanela. C.adaptable D.thankful 507 Ⅲ.七选五 (2025·东北三省三校联考) Social boundaries are established social rules that are considered typical because most people in society agree that they are reasonable ways to live.For instance,in America,it is rude to belch (in front of others.I However,in other countries,it is a sign that a person has greatly enjoyed himself.In fact,it is praise for the chef.In these societies,it is acceptable as a definite sign of gratitude and satisfaction. 2 We tend to categorize people even within the first few seconds of meeting them.Social boundaries make it easier to determine what is similar and different about us in comparison to others that we meet.In some countries,it is rude to look people directly in the eyes while speaking with them.3 If we're able to understand that others'social boundaries may be different in some ways,we can learn to understand other cultures and display appreciation of those differences. Have you ever been in a conversation with someone you recently met and thought,"This person is standing way too close to me?"In this case,it may feel more like a strange behavior than a matter of social boundaries.In some societies,however,it is quite common to stand very close to another individual while having a conversation.4 Social boundaries can influence various aspects of a person's behavior,from what one wears when attending a religious service to how loudly or softly a person speaks in public.5 Openly sharing emotions is either strongly discouraged or welcomed in different cultures. A.However,in other countries,it is rude not to do so. B.Social boundaries allow people to assess others quickly. C.They may even direct how much people share their feelings. D.Therefore,it's important for Americans to avoid belching around others. E.Social boundaries usually give rise to some misunderstandings between us. F.In fact,there is an unspoken expected distance while people are interacting. G.In other societies,however,it is impolite to have direct eye contact with them. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ⅳ.语法填空 In many Asian,African and Latin American cultures,1.(extend)eye contact is impolite and it is thought of 2.offensiveness or challenge of authority.It 3.(consider)politer to have brief eye contact,especially between people of different 4.(society)status (like a student and a teacher,or a child and his elder relatives).For example,if a Japanese woman avoids 5.(look)someone in the eye,she is not showing a lack of interest nor is she showing a lack of confidence.Instead,she is polite,respectful and appropriate according to her culture. So in many of these cultures,you should take care of what kind of eye contact you initiate with those who are your 6. (superior)or in authority over you,so that you are not thought to be disrespectful or rude.As you can see,it is vital for you 7.(know)what eye contact communicates before you visit a new culture. Before you travel,you can either look up relevant information in your local public library 8.check out a book about the culture of the country you plan to visit in a bookstore.Learn how to make use of eye contact and other body language 9.(flexible)so that you are perceived to be polite,and so that you can better connect with people 10.are foreign to you! —508—1.G根据设空处后的“That's why we've prepared the best camping tips:7.became考查动词的时态。据时间状语in April2O25可知，本句应 for you!”可知，本句介绍的是结果：准备露营小贴士。因此，设空处 用一般过去时。句意：2025年4月，云阳地质公园因其令人印象深 应是介绍这样做的原因，以呼应why。G项（但对于露营新手来说，： 刻的景观成为联合国教科文组织世界地质公园。故填became. 这些期望很快就会变成现实的混乱。)解释了原因，且在句意上与！8.wch考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定 前文构成转折关系，前后衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。 语从句，先行词是one of the world's deepest sinkholes,指物，关系 2.E设空处前的“When you're out in the middle of nowhere,you 代词在从句中作主语，故用which引导。句意：该公园还包括大 have to be equipped to nature's challenges.”提到了“自然的挑 型喀斯特地貌，例如世界上最深的天坑之一，其深度达335米， 战”，下文“Therefore,a plan for unexpected weather changes is 对研究具有重要意义。故填which。 essential to a successful camping trip.”提到了“不可预料的天气！9.protects 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据空前的lso可 变化”，因此，设空处应同样涉及“天气”话题，以便与前后文衔 知，此处介绍该地质公园的另一个特点，应与前一句时态一致， 接。E项（一个晴朗的3天预报很容易转变为突然的大雨。）符 用一般现在时；本句主语It与谓语动词protect之间是主动关 合语境，承上启下。故选E。 系，且主语是第三人称单数。句意：它还保护着许多文化和历 3.D根据主旨句“Know what you need.”可知，该段介绍的是对于 史遗迹。故填protects。 露营物资方面的准备；下文“Not all beginner campers will need 10.paintings考查名词。分析句子结构可知，and连接并列成分，前 the top-of-the-line,latest supplies.But you should have at least the 面的stelas和calligraphy works都是名词，所以此处也应用名词。根 basics!”介绍了“基本需要”这一原则，因此设空处要呼应主题 据语境可知，此处指的是绘画作品。painting为可数名词，根据上文 “露营物资”和“基本需要”。D项（露营不必复杂或昂贵。）贴合 的many可知，此处应用复数。句意：例如张飞庙，里面保存着许多 主题，符合语境。故选D。 汉唐时期的古碑、书法作品和绘画作品。故填paintings。 4.B根据设空处后的“When you're far away from the major IV.参考范文： conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center,police Dear Henry, stations,and emergency rooms,you should always remember that i I am delighted to leam you will come to China and I'm equally safety is your first priority!”可知，该段强调的是“露营的安全问！pleased to recommend Shanghai Disneyland,a theme park which never 题”，设空句作为主旨句，应突出“安全”。B项（离开家之前必fails to fascinate me.. 须牢记安全问题。)符合语境，可以作为主旨句。故选B。 As the sixth Disney resort worldwide,it has been popular ever 5.C根据设空处前的“When you're far away from the major;since it opened on June16,2016.Strolling in the park,you will feel as conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center,police if you were in a magical world.Travelling through space,visiting a stations,and emergency rooms,you should always remember that pirate ship,or meeting an adorable fairy tale or cartoon character are safety is your first priority！”和下文“A first-aid kit is a greatall possible at Disneyland.Of course,Disneyland also has many starting point,but it's certainly not the end of maximizing your thrilling rides to amuse you,such as scary free-fall drops safety efforts.”可知，作者在这里强调了外出时的安全问题，并 21 Sincerely hope all these can be of great help to you.Look forward 且提到了急救箱。由此推知，设空处内容应与急救箱有关，C项！to your arrival and wish you all the best, (我们鼓励您创建一个安全供应箱。)符合语境。故选C。 Yours, 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了中国新增的两处联合国教科 Li Hua 文组织世界地质公园：青海坎布拉地质公园和重庆云阳地质 练案[201 公园。 A 1.official山y考查副词。空格处修饰谓语have been named,需要用！ 语篇导读：研究者发现相比较于扑克脸，脸部反映一个人的 副词作状语。句意：中国的两个地质公园被正式认定为联合国内心世界能给一个人带来更温暖的回应，这类人的社交优势更 教科文组织世界地质公园。故填officially。 明显。 2.highest考查形容词最高级。根据语境以及空前的定冠词the1.B段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，这项研究涉及1,300 可知，此处应用形容词最高级highest表达数量最高。句意：这！多名参与者，研究发现人们在对话中面部表情的变化具有显著 使得中国获得联合国教科文组织认定的地质公园总数达到49 差异。重要的是，这种表情表达被认为是一种稳定的个体特 个，为世界最多。故填highest。 质。在不同的情境中，与不同的社交伙伴交流时，甚至在长达 3.shaped考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有系动； 四个月的时间段内，人们表现出相似程度的面部表情丰富性。 词is,故空处应为非谓语，且landforms与shape之间是逻辑上的】 所以该段在讲述研究的结果。故选B。 动宾关系，表示地貌被塑造，所以应用过去分词作定语。句意：2.D推理判断题。根据第三段的“In a negotiation task.:secure 坎布拉地质公园因其长期经自然力量塑造而成的特殊地貌而： a larger slice of a reward...smoothing over conflicts.”可知，在谈 闻名。故填shaped。 判任务中，更具有表现力的人更有可能获得更大份额的奖励。 4.showing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为has, 研究人员表明，对于那些和蔼可亲的人，有活力的面部表情也 故空处应为非谓语，且The park与show之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，！ 许起着构建良好的关系和缓和冲突的工具。D项中的 所以应用现在分词作状语。句意：该公园有162个地质景点，展示 “strategy”是对文中“tool”的同义转换；“settle disagreement”是对 了不同的地貌，如火山岩、滑坡遗迹和丹霞地貌。故填showing。 文中“smoothing over conflicts”的同义转换。故选D。 5.about考查介词。根据表述“not only..also..”以及语境可3.D 词义猜测题。根据第四段，尤其是“Expressiveness is also 知，本句是在介绍坎布拉自然和文化两个方面的特色。前半句linked to being seen as more‘readable'..for others to decipher.” 需强调坎布拉“与自然相关”，介词bout“关于”符合句意。句！ 可知，面部表情丰富也被认为是更可读懂的，表明一张活跃热 意：坎布拉不仅有自然（风光），它还有丰富的文化。故填 情的脸能让一个人的目的和精神状态更容易让其他人知晓。 about 因此画线词decipher的意思偏向于“解读”或“理解”。D项的 6.The/This考查限定词。此处特指坎布拉地质公园所在的地区，所 “nterpret'”是对文中“readable'”的同义转换。故选D。 以用定冠词the或this限定单数名词aea,且空处位于句首，首字母！4.B推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，基于研究结果，科学家 需要大写。句意：该地区以热贡艺术闻名，热贡艺术是中国藏传佛： 表示，对于大多数人来说，让面部反映内心状态和意图可以引 教艺术的重要组成部分，受到多种传统的影响。故填The/This。 来更温暖的反应。研究者总结说，面部表情丰富在社交中是有 631 利的。故基于研究结果，作者可能会建议大家让自己表情外：“附有条件地”；passively意为“被动地”；personally意为“就个 露，让自己容易被人了解。第一段第一句中的an open book指 人而言”。故选D。 的正是这类人。故选B。 ;5.B考查语境推断。根据前文提到泽达有听力障碍，以及后文 "three months later,Zeid was happily able to communicate with all 语篇导读：本文主要讲述了握手这一古老的礼仪习俗的起源： his classmates”可知，此处指泽达刚人学的时候无法和别人交 和演变。 流。interact意为“交流；互动”，符合语境。cooperate意为“合 5.B推理判断题。第一段提到的“莎士比亚曾在《皆大欢喜》中； 作”；compete意为“竞争，参加比赛”；stay意为“停留”。故选B。 描写了两个人物握手并发誓成为兄弟”与其前的“在一个古代6.A考查语境推断。根据前文泽达不能和别人交流和空后的“d 遗址中有两个人物在屋手”为并列关系，作者通过这两个例子！ developing..”可知，此处指老师决心找到一个解决办法。solution i证明“Shaking hands seems to be an ancient custom whose roots are! 意为“解决办法”，符合语境。explanation意为“解释”；theory意为 lost to the sands of time.(握手似乎是一种古老的习俗，其根源已 “理论”；alternative意为“可供选择的事物”。故选A。 经消失在时间的长河中。)”。A项“为了证明握手的历史很难7.C考查语境推断。根据前文“tried developing a few tricks and 查明”；B项“为了说明握手是一个非常古老的习俗”；C项“为 sims”以及后文“a better idea一getting the whole class to8_sign 了向读者证明握手在小说中很常见”；D项“为了解释握手在沟 language along with Zeid'”可知，另一位孩子的家长提出了一个更好 通中的价值”。故选B。 的主意来帮助泽达。present意为“提出”，符合语境。select意为 6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Historians...have noted that the “选择”；imagine意为“想象”：favor意为“较喜欢”。故选C。 modern handshake did not appear...it was considered a slightly8.D考查语境推断。根据后文“They got a sign language teacher, inappropriate gesture that should only be used between friends."i and three months later,Zejd was happily able to communicate with 知，研究古代礼仪书籍的历史学家指出，现代握手直到19世纪： all his classmates'”可知，这位家长提议让全班学生一起学习手 中叶才出现，当时它被认为是一种略微不恰当的手势，只能在 语。learn意为“学习”，符合语境。enjoy意为“喜欢”；create意 朋友之间使用。再由第三段中的“The early handshakes.., 为“创造”；design意为“设计”。故选D。 making deals or peace..”可知，早期的握手是达成协议或和解的：9.A考查常识&语境推断。根据常识及后文的“like homework 一部分。C项“握手仅在朋友之间使用，也用于达成协议”。故 and games”可知，做家庭作业和玩游戏是经常发生的事情。 选C。 regular意为“经常（做）的”，符合语境。formal意为“正式的” 7.B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子可知，一位荷兰社会学 complex意为“复杂的”；professional意为“职业的”。故选A。 家在名为《手势的文化史》这一anthology中的一个章节写道I0.B考查语境推断。根据前文“The other kids in the class are "More than in any other field...make the most of only a few clues. quite happy as well.”可知，孩子们对学习手语感到很开心，所 (在手势研究领域，历史学家能充分利用的只有少数线索，这 以此处指一位同学表示他很喜欢学习手语。ike意为“喜欢”， 点在其他任何领域都不常见。)”，故画线词指的是这位荷兰社 符合语境。afford意为“承担得起”；prepare意为“准备”；wait 会学家所撰写的某一本书。A项“心智能力的科学”；B项“文 意为“等待”。故选B。 学段落精选集”；C项“对（个人）经历的每日书面记录”；D项11.A 考查语境推断。根据后文“with kids from other classes “特定地区的所有生物”。故选B。 12_to leam as well'”可知，其他班的孩子也想学习手语，由 8.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“as the Continent's 此可知，手语在这所小学里变得很受欢迎。popular意为“受欢 hierarchy weakened,handshaking became common practice among 迎的”，符合语境。confusing意为“令人困惑的”；challenging意 people of the same rank,as it is today(随着欧洲大陆等级制度的 为“挑战性的”；impractical意为“不切实际的”。故选A 减弱，握手成为相同等级的人之间的普遍做法，就像现在一 :12.C考查语境推断。根据前文学生们都乐于学习手语和空后 样)”可推知，大多数欧洲人更喜欢握手，是因为等级制度的影 的“learn as well”可知，此处指其他班级的孩子们也在努力学 响越来越弱。A项“握手在荷兰的一些偏远地区已经消失了”； 习手语。ry意为“努力，尝试”，符合语境。fail意为“失败”； B项“握手在不同的欧洲国家有不同的含义”：C项“握手现在 hesitate意为“犹豫”；help意为“帮助”。故选C。 在不同职位的人之间很常见”：D项“因为等级制度的影响减13.D考查语境推断。根据前文手语在这所小学里很受欢迎和 弱，大多数欧洲人更喜欢握手”。故选D。 后文“as a part of the official course'”可知，此处表示人们希望能 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了萨拉热窝一 把手语作为正式课程的一部分。include意为“把…列为 所学校的一个班级里的学生为了更好地与听障学生泽达沟通，全 部分”，符合语境。describe意为“描述”；know意为“知道”； 部学会了手语的故事。 define意为“给…下定义”。故选D。 1.D考查语境推断。根据文章第一句“A school in Sarajevo is14.A考查语境推断。根据前文描述孩子们通过学习手语得以 making headlines.”和后文所述内容可知，此处表示故事始于去 与泽达交流可知，此处表示手语很棒，因为它使（与听障人士） 年九月。story意为“故事”，符合语境。epot意为“报告”； 沟通成为可能。enable意为“使成为可能”，符合语境。show message意为“信息”；article意为“文章”。故选D。 意为“展示”；stress意为“强调”；repeat意为“重复”。故选A。 2.A考查语境推断。根据后文“her six-year-old son,Zejd,who!l5.C考查常识&语境推断。根据常识以及本文所讲述的故事 hasa3 disability”和“on the first day of school'”可知，这位母} 可知，学会手语能帮助孩子们更好地适应残障人士。adaptable 亲是在请求她所在社区的小学接收她的儿子人学。amit意为 意为“能适应的”，符合语境。impolite意为“无礼的”；sensitive “接收（入学）”，符合语境。adopt意为“收养”；invite意为“邀 意为“敏感的”；thankful意为“感谢的”。故选C。 请”；defend意为“保卫”。故选A。 Ⅲ. 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了社会边界在不同文化中的差 3.C考查语境&常识推断。根据后文“leam sign language so I!异和对人际交往的影响。 can talk to Zejd and other deaf people'"和常识可知，泽达有听力障l.D根据上文“For instance,in America,it is rude to belch(打 碍，此处为同义复现。hearing意为“听力”，符合语境。learning 隔)in front of others.”可知，在美国人的社会边界中，他们会避 意为“学习”；speech意为“说话的能力，发言”；sight意为“视 免在社交场合打隔以免冒犯到他人。D项（因此，对美国人来 力”。故选C 说，避免在他人面前打嗝这一点很重要)符合语境。故选D。 4.D考查语境推断。根据后文“on the first day of school'”可知，泽！2.B设空处位于段首，是对下文的总结。根据下文“We tend to 达被学校接收了，故此处表示老师几乎立刻就接受了这位母亲： categorize people even within the first few seconds of meeting 的请求。immediately意为“立即”，符合语境。conditionally意为； them...to determine what is similar and different about us in 632 comparison to others that we meet.”可知，社会边界可以帮助我们：3.D推理判断题。根据第五段“The study also found sound 分辨他人与自己的异同，进而将他人归类。B项（社交界限让人： recordings of plants could be useful in agriculture to ensure crops get 们快速评估其他人)符合语境。故选B。 enough water and distribute water where it was needed most. 3.A根据上文“n some countries,it is rude to look people directly 究还发现，植物的录音对农业是有帮助的，可以确保农作物获 in the eyes while speaking with them.”及下文“fwe're able to 得足够的水并将水分配到最需要的地方。)”可知，该项研究可 understand that others'social boundaries may be different in some 运用于浇灌植物。故选D。 ways..”可知，设空处应谈论在社交场合直视他人眼睛的文化4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We are currently 差异，上文已提到直视他人是不礼貌的，所以此处应点明相反 investigating the responses of other organisms...to identify and 的情况。A项（然而，在其他国家，不这样做是粗鲁的）承上启！ interpret the sounds in completely natural environments.”可知，这 下，符合语境。故选A。 个团队目前正在研究其他生物（包括动物和植物）对这些声音 4.F根据上文“In some societies,however,it is quite common to 的反应，也在探索在完全自然的环境中识别和解释这些声音的 stand very close to another individual while having a conversation. 能力。由此可推知该项研究还需要进一步的研究。故选C。 可知，社交距离是一种主观判断。F项（事实上，当人们在互动 B 时，有一个不言而喻的预期距离)符合语境。故选F。 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家们经过研究，解开了 5.C根据上文“Social boundaries can influence various aspects of a!马铃薯的进化谜团，为通过基因工程进行品种改良（如增强抗虫 person's behavior...”及下文“Openly sharing emotions is either性、气候适应性)提供了新路径。 strongly discouraged or welcomed in different cultures.”可知，设空；5.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists found that certain 处谈论社交边界影响人们是否分享自己的感受。C项（它们甚 genes suggested that..Which one was it?”可知，某些基因表明 至可以指导人们在多大程度上分享自己的感受)承接下文，符 马铃薯与番茄的亲缘关系更近，而另一些基因却显示马铃薯与 合语境。故选C。 类马铃薯的关系更为密切，科学家们无法确定马铃薯与哪类植 I. 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在不同的文 物的亲缘关系更近。故选A。 化背景下目光交流的意义不同。 6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“a way for a plant to store I.extended考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，设空处作名词词组 starch(淀粉)”以及“survive seasons which are not good for eye contact的定语，应用形容词。extended意为“较长时间的，延 growing”可知，马铃薯的地下块茎是植物储存淀粉的方式，某种 长了的”。故填extended。 程度上也是植物挺过不宜生长季节的方式，因此地下块茎的功 2.as考查介词。此处考查词组“think of..as..”,意思是“认 能是“营养提供者”。故选C。 为…是…”。故填as。 ;7.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One such improvement would 3.is considered考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。分析句子 enable farmers..and other environmental challenges.”可知，通过 成分可知，it为形式主语，真正的主语是to have brief eye 基因工程可使马铃薯抵抗虫害、气候变化等问题，即通过改良 contact,此处形式主语it和consider之间构成被动关系，文章整 品种，马铃薯能更加适应环境。故选D。 体时间基点为现在，因此应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is8.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“bridization is a real force. considered。 the release of variation”可知，Knapp认为杂交是进化中的一股真正 4.social考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作定 推动力量，它使变异成为可能，也就是有助于产生新物种。“the 语，修饰名词status,应用形容词。故填social。 release of variation'与“diverse species'”是同义替换。故选Ce 5.looking考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为：Ⅱ. 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了湖北省恩施 “避免做某事”。故填looking 州茅田坪村的李静工作后决定回到村里，利用当地得天独厚的地 6.superiors考查名词复数。分析句意和空前的are可知，此处应：理和气候条件，带领全村人民一起发展土豆种植来提高收入的 用名词复数形式。故填superiors.。 ；故事。 7.to know考查非谓语动词。“tis+ad.+for sb.+to do sth.”1.C根据下文“But now...wide well--lit roads”可知，此处是指村 为固定句型，意为“做某事对某人来说是…的”，t是形式主 里原来的道路很窄。narrow意为“狭窄的”，与wide相对应，符 语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to know。 合语境。short短的：clean干净的；ough粗糙的。故选C。 8.or考查连词。either..or..为固定短语，意为“要么…要2.B根据上文“But now,our village boasts modern,well 么…”。故填or。 constructed homes,wide well-lit roads'”可知，村里已经今非昔比， 9.flexibly考查副词。设空处修饰动词短语make use of,应用副！ 环境和人们的生活条件都变好了，由此可推知，此处是指村里 词。故填flexibly 每家都至少有一辆小轿车。at least意为“至少”，符合语境。in 10.who/hat考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语 store即将发生；on board在船上；as regards关于。故选B。 从句，先行词为people,指人，关系词在从句中作主语。故填who/3.D根据下文“She studied hotel management and tourism at Wuhan that University of Science and Technology..”可知，此处是指李静离开 练案[21] 村子去上大学，即接受高等教育。education意为“教育”，符合语 I. 境。demand需求；yield产量；salary工资。故选D。 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。以色列的一项研究发现，植4.A根据上文“After graduation”和下文“in the hotel industry”及 物在压力下会发出声音，这项研究将会对农业产生积极作用。 常识可知，此处是指李静在大学毕业后在酒店行业获得一份工 L.C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“‘Even in a quiet 作。job意为“工作”，符合语境。urge冲动；license许可证； field,there are actually sounds we don't hear,and those sounds inspiration启发灵感的人（或事物）。故选A。 carry information,’said Lilach Hadany,a professor from Tel Aviv:5.B根据上文“After graduation,she gained a(n)_4_in the University.'Some animals can hear these sounds,so there is a: hotel industry.”及下文“she made the life-altering decision last possibility that a lot of interaction is occurring,'”可知，（植物在紧 year to return to her village”可知，上下文之间为转折关系。 张时发出的)声音包含着某种信息，而某些动物可以听到这种 however意为“然而”，符合语境。therefore因此；moreover而且； 声音，这意味着它们想与其他生物进行交流。故选C。 likewise同样地。故选B。 2.B词义猜测题。由画线词前的“thirsty plants”以及其后的6.A根据上文“I want to be an integral part of my hometown's “with no water'”可知，此处指的是植物缺水的状况。故选B。:development'”及语境可推知，此处是指李静想要参与家乡的建 633-