Unit 7 Old things, new life（易错题专项训练·基础知识）英语译林版三起六年级上册（新教材）

Unit 7 Old things, new life 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.字母组合“ur”的发音规则 2.介词with的用法 3.短语throw away的用法 4.短语do with的用法 5.短语be made of和be made from的用法 6.sleep的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 字母组合“ur”的发音（P74） Don’t burn rubbish. Don’t throw it away. Don’t hurt Mother Earth in any way. Turn rubbish into something new. Recycle things for me and you. 字母组合“ur”在单词发音/ɜː/，如 burn /bɜːn/ hurt /hɜːt/ turn /tɜːn/ 易错点提示 简单口诀 ur重读发长/ɜː/，嘴巴放平舌后卷； 不在重音别硬套，弱读常会变 /ə/ 只有重读音节 ur 才读 /ɜː/ 例：purple /ˈpɜːpl/ 重音在第一音节，ur读/ɜː/； 若ur在非重读音节，常弱读 /ə/，如 surprise /səˈpraɪz/，这里ur不读/ɜː/，考试极易选错！ 小练笔 判断画线部分发音是否相同，相同写T，不同写F。 1. burn turn ( ) 2. hurt nurse ( ) 3. purple surprise ( ) 4. bird hurt ( ) 5. hurry turn ( ) 6. nurse purple ( ) 7. term burn ( ) 8. horse hurt ( ) 点拨 答案 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. F 1. burn /bɜːn/；turn /tɜːn/ 解析：ur 都发 /ɜː/，发音相同。 2. hurt /hɜːt/；nurse /nɜːs/ 解析：ur 都发 /ɜː/，发音相同。 3. purple /ˈpɜːpl/；surprise /səˈpraɪz/ 解析：purple 中ur在重读音节读 /ɜː/；surprise里ur在非重读音节弱读 /ə/，发音不同。 4. bird /bɜːd/；hurt /hɜːt/ 解析：bird的ir、hurt的ur在重读都发 /ɜː/，辨音题常把ir和ur放一起考查，发音相同。 5. hurry /ˈhʌri/；turn /tɜːn/ 解析：hurry是特例，ur发 /ʌ/；turn中ur读 /ɜː/，发音不同。 6. nurse /nɜːs/；purple /ˈpɜːpl/ 解析：ur都发 /ɜː/，发音相同。 7. term /tɜːm/；burn /bɜːn/ 解析：term的er、burn的ur在重读都发 /ɜː/，发音相同。 8. horse /hɔːs/；hurt /hɜːt/ 解析：horse里or读 /ɔː/；hurt里ur读 /ɜː/，发音不同。 高频易错点02 I made it with a plastic bag and some paper.（P84） with + 物品：表示用某种工具/材料（介词，意思：用……） 1. I cut the apple with a knife. 我用一把刀切苹果。 2. She draws pictures with crayons. 她用蜡笔绘画。 3. You can clean the desk with this cloth. 你可以用这块布擦桌子。 易错点提示 with 和 use 的用法&区别 1. use /juːz/ 动词：使用，在句子里充当谓语 ✅ 结构：主语 + use + 物品 I use a knife. 我用一把刀。 2. with /wɪð/ 介词：用……（工具/材料），不能当谓语，句子必须另有动词 ✅ 结构：句子主干（有谓语动词） + with + 物品 I cut the apple with a knife. ✨核心区分口诀（方便记忆） use是动词作谓语，with介词表工具； 一句话里别重复，有use不用with！ 对比句子（高频考点） ① I use a pen to write.（use动词，谓语） ② I write with a pen.（write是谓语，with介词） 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. I made the toy ______ some paper. A. use B. with C. and ( )2. I ______ scissors to cut the card. A. use B. with C. uses ( )3. You can write ______ your pencil. A. use B. with C. to ( )4. Don’t ______ your mobile phone in class. A. with B. uses C. use ( )5. She draws pictures ______ coloured pencils. A. with B. use C. uses 点拨 1.答案：B 解析：句子已有谓语made，用介词with表示“用材料” 2.答案：A 解析：句子缺少谓语动词，主语I，用use 3.答案：B 解析：谓语write，with your pencil 用铅笔 4.答案：C 解析：don’t后接动词原形use 5.答案：A 解析：谓语draws，with coloured pencils 用彩铅 高频易错点03 Will they throw me away?（P87） throw away 扔掉，丢弃 Don’t throw away the plastic bottle. 不要扔掉这个塑料瓶。 You can throw away the old paper. 你可以把旧纸扔掉。 易错点提示 名词可放中间或后面；代词只能放短语中间 throw the bag away = throw away the bag ✔ throw it away ✔；throw away it ❌ 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. Don’t throw ______. It can be reused. A. away it B. it away C. it away ( )2. He ______ away the old toy yesterday. A. throw B. throws C. threw ( )3. You can throw ______ the broken cup. A. away B. it C. they ( )4. Don’t ______ away your good chance. A. threw B. throw C. throws ( )5. We should not throw rubbish ______. A. away B. it C. them 点拨 1.答案：B 解析：代词it必须放throw和away中间。 2.答案：C 解析：yesterday昨天，过去式threw。 3.答案：A 解析：throw away 扔掉。 4.答案：B 解析：don’t后面用动词原形throw。 5.答案：A 解析：throw away扔掉。 高频易错点04 What will they do with me?（P87） do with /duː wɪð/ 含义处理；处置；对付 ⚠️ 必考搭配：do with 只能和 what 连用，不能用 how！ What do you do with the plastic bottle? 你怎么处理这个塑料瓶？ What will she do with the old paper? 她将要怎么处理这些旧纸？ 易错点提示 ✨考点辨析：do with VS deal with do with：和 what 搭配 What will you do with it? deal with：和 how 搭配 How will you deal with it? ❌ How do you do with the rubbish?（错） ✅ What do you do with the rubbish?（对） ✅ How do you deal with the rubbish?（对） 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. What will you ______ with the old clothes? A. do B. deal C. doing ( )2. How do you ______ with your waste paper? A. do B. deal C. does ( )3. This thing has nothing ______ me. A. do with B. to do with C. with ( )4. I don’t know what ______ with this broken bag. A. do B. to do C. doing ( )5. —______ will you do with the bottle? —I will reuse it. A. How B. What C. Where 点拨 1.答案：A 解析：what搭配do with 2.答案：B 解析：how搭配deal with 3.答案：B 解析：have nothing to do with…与……无关，固定搭配 4.答案：B 解析：what to do with … 怎么处理……（疑问词+不定式） 5.答案：B 解析：do with搭配what提问 高频易错点05 be made of （P84） be made of + 材料 含义：由……制成 👉 特点：成品上能直接看出原材料，物理变化 be动词根据主语变化：am/is/are made of；过去式 was/were made of 1. The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是木头做的。（能看见木头） 2. The window is made of glass. 窗户是玻璃做的。（能看见玻璃） 3. These spoons are made of metal. 这些勺子是金属做的。 易错点提示 be made from + 材料 含义：由……制成 👉 特点：成品看不出原材料，发生化学变化/原材料形态完全改变 be动词同样随主语、时态变化：am/is/are made from；was/were made from 1. Paper is made from wood. 纸是木头做的。（纸看不见木头，形态改变） 2. Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒由葡萄酿成。（葡萄发酵，化学变化） 3. This bread is made from flour. 这个面包由面粉做成。 ✨核心区分口诀（方便背诵） be made of：看得出原料（物理变化）of； be made from：看不出原料（变化大）from。 小练笔 用 of / from 填空。 1. The chair is made ______ wood. 2. Paper is made ______ wood. 3. The ring is made ______ gold. 4. Butter is made ______ milk. 5. These cups are made ______ glass. 点拨 1. 答案：of 解析：椅子能看见木头，be made of 2. 答案：from 解析：纸看不出木头，be made from 3. 答案：of 解析：戒指能看见黄金 4. 答案：from 解析：黄油由牛奶加工而来，看不出牛奶 5. 答案：of 解析：杯子看得见玻璃 高频易错点06 There I went to sleep.（P88） go to sleep 入睡，睡着（强调动作结果：从清醒→睡着这个状态） 区分易混短语：go to bed 上床睡觉（强调“上床”这个动作，不一定睡着） 1. I go to sleep at nine every night. 我每晚九点入睡。 2. He was very tired and soon went to sleep. 他很累，很快就睡着了。 3. Don’t make noise. The baby wants to go to sleep. 别吵闹，宝宝想要睡着了。 易错点提示 1. sleep 动词 v. /sliːp/ 睡觉；睡眠 原形 sleep；三单 sleeps；过去式 slept；过去分词 slept；现在分词 sleeping I sleep for eight hours every day. 我每天睡8小时。 She sleeps early. 她睡得早。 2. sleep 名词 n. /sliːp/ 睡眠；睡觉（不可数名词） I need some sleep. 我需要睡一会儿。 Too much sleep is not good. 睡眠太多不好。 3.asleep adj. 睡着的（表语形容词，只能放在be动词后，不能放名词前面） ✅ He is asleep. 他睡着了。 ❌ an asleep boy ✅ a sleeping boy 一个睡着的男孩 4.sleepy adj.困倦的 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. I ______ at 9:00 and ______ at 9:30. A. go to bed; go to sleep B. go to sleep; go to bed C. go bed; go sleep ( )2. He ______ soon after he went to bed. A. go to sleep B. went to sleep C. goes to sleep ( )3. My father needs some ______. He is tired. A. sleep B. asleep C. sleeping ( )4. Don’t wake the ______ boy up. A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping ( )5. —Is your sister ______? —Yes, she is sleeping. A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeps 点拨 1.答案：A 解析：go to bed上床；go to sleep入睡 2.答案：B 解析：went过去式，和went to bed时态一致 3.答案：A 解析：some后接名词sleep（睡眠） 4.答案：C 解析：sleeping修饰boy；asleep不能放名词前 5.答案：A 解析：be asleep 睡着 综合训练 一、 判断下列单词的画线部分发音是(T)否(F)相同。 1. The nurse was hurt by the burning fire. (   ) 2. It’s your turn to spell “Saturday” and “Thursday”. (   ) 3. That short worker works hard and he wants to travel around the world. (   ) 4. I listened to music, watched films and watered flowers. (   ) 5. He read a book about tea time and wanted to eat a cake. (   ) 二、填空题。 1．What ________ you ________ (do) with your pocket money? 2．Don’t _______ (throw) away waste paper. 3．Sam usually ________ (go) to bed early, but yesterday he ________ (go) to sleep late. 4．We should ______ (make) friends with them. 5．The students __________ (make) wonderful things with old bottles now. 6．We __________ (have) an art show about reusing next month. 7．The house is ____ (由……制成) wood. 8．—What ______? (发生) —My new kite flew away. 9．I want to ______ ______ (交朋友) with you. 10．Tom is ___________ (聪明的；聪颖的) and polite. 三、单项选择。 ( )1．—______ a beautiful toy! —Thank you! I made it ______ used bottles. A．What; with B．How; with C．What; of ( )2．Look! The glass bottle is ______. What ______? A．break; happened B．broken; happens C．broken; happened ( )3．—What do you usually do ______ your old clothes? —I usually use them ______ make dolls. A．with; for B．for; as C．with; to ( )4．People ______ burn rubbish because it will ______ the Earth. A．should; help B．shouldn’t; hurt C．must; save ( )5．The students are ______ an art show. They want to show people how to ______ old things. A．having; recycle B．have; recycle C．having; waste ( )6．__________ cool robot! A．What B．What a C．How ( )7．—__________ do you usually do with used cardboard boxes? —I put them in the recycling bin. A．What B．Where C．How ( )8．Bella puts bottles into different recycling ______. A．bin B．bins C．a bin 四、句型转换。 1．This cup is made of glass. (对划线部分提问) _____________________________________________ 2．I will turn off the lights to save electricity. (对画线部分提问) ______ will you ______ electricity? 3．How interesting the film is! (同义句转换) ______ ______ film it is! 4．I made this picture with old buttons. (同义句转换) I ________ old buttons ________ this picture. 5．These clothes are beautiful. (改为感叹句) ______ ______ clothes! 五、根据上下文补全对话（有一个多余选项） Lucy: Hi, Tom! Our class will talk about “A green life” tomorrow. 1 Tom: Good idea! We should do small things to protect the Earth. Lucy: 2 Tom: At home, we should reduce waste first. For example, we shouldn’t buy things we don’t need. Lucy: Oh, I see. We shouldn’t use too many plastic bags either. What can we do at school? Tom: 3 Then we should sort the rubbish. Lucy: Great idea! 4 Tom: Yes! 5 A．Let’s work together to make our Earth clean and beautiful. B．Do you have any old things at home? C．Let’s make a plan for a green life. D．And we should use both sides of paper at school. E．First, we should collect waste paper, cans and boxes. F．What should we do at home? 参考答案 一、 判断下列单词的画线部分发音是(T)否(F)相同。 答案：T F F F F 1. The nurse was hurt by the burning fire.（T） 解析：nurse /nɜːs/，hurt /hɜːt/，burning /ˈbɜːnɪŋ/，ur都发 /ɜː/ 2. It's your turn to spell “Saturday” and “Thursday”.（F） 解析：turn /tɜːn/、Thursday /ˈθɜːzdeɪ/ ur 发/ɜː/；Saturday中ur /ə/，发音不同。 3. That short worker works hard and he wants to travel around the world.（F） 解析：short /ʃɔːt/ or发/ɔː/；worker /ˈwɜːkə/、works、world中or发/ɜː/ 4. I listened to music, watched films and watered flowers.（F） 解析：listened /ˈlɪsnd/、watered /ˈwɔːtəd/，ed读/d/；watched /wɒtʃt/，ed读/t/ 5. He read a book about tea time and wanted to eat a cake.（F） 解析：read（过去式）/red/；tea /tiː/、eat /iːt/，ea读/iː/，read发音不同。 二、填空题 1. What do you do (do) with your pocket money? 解析：一般现在时，主语you，助动词do，后面动词原形do；do with处理。 2. Don’t throw (throw) away waste paper. 解析：Don't +动词原形，祈使句否定。throw away扔掉。 3. Sam usually goes (go) to bed early, but yesterday he went (go) to sleep late. 解析：usually一般现在时，Sam三单→goes；yesterday过去式→went。 4. We should make (make) friends with them. 解析：should情态动词，后+动词原形；make friends交朋友。 5. The students are making (make) wonderful things with old bottles now. 解析：now现在进行时：be+doing；students复数→are making。 6. We will have / are going to have (have) an art show about reusing next month. 解析：next month下个月，一般将来时。 7. The house is made of (由……制成) wood. 解析：房子能看出木头，be made of。 8. —What happened? (发生) —My new kite flew away. 解析：答句flew是fly过去式，问句用过去式happened。 9. I want to make friends (交朋友) with you. 解析：want to +动词原形，make friends。 10. Tom is clever (聪明的；聪颖的) and polite. 解析：clever形容词作表语。 三、单项选择 1. A 解析：感叹句what+a/an+形容词+名词；with表示“用（材料）”。 2. C 解析：broken形容词“破碎的”；答句用过去式，问句happened。 3. C 解析：do with处理；use sth to do sth 用某物去做某事。 4. B 解析：shouldn’t不应该；hurt伤害地球。 5. A 解析：are having现在进行时；recycle回收利用，waste浪费不符合题意。 6. B 解析：robot可数名词单数，What+a+形容词+单数名词。 7. A 解析：do with固定搭配用what提问。 8. B 解析：different不同的，后面名词复数bins。 四、句型转换 1. This cup is made of glass.（对划线部分提问） What is this cup made of? 解析：划线是材料，用what提问，be动词提前。 2. I will turn off the lights to save electricity.（对划线部分提问） What will you do to save electricity? 解析：划线turn off the lights是动作，用what提问，原动词用do代替。 3. How interesting the film is!（同义句转换） What an interesting film it is! 解析：how引导感叹句转what；film单数，interesting元音开头用an。 4. I made this picture with old buttons.（同义句转换） I used old buttons to make this picture. 解析：use sth to do 用某物做某事；made过去式→used。 5. These clothes are beautiful.（改为感叹句） What beautiful clothes! 解析：clothes复数名词，What +形容词+复数名词。 五、根据上下文补全对话（有一个多余选项） 1. C. Let’s make a plan for a green life. 解析：明天要讨论绿色生活，提议制定计划。 2. F. What should we do at home? 解析：下一句回答At home，所以提问在家怎么做。 3. E. First, we should collect waste paper, cans and boxes. 解析：问在校可以做什么，回答首先收集废纸、罐子盒子。 4. D. And we should use both sides of paper at school. 解析：继续补充学校环保做法。 5. A. Let’s work together to make our Earth clean and beautiful. 解析：收尾总结呼吁一起保护地球。 多余选项：B. Do you have any old things at home? 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $