必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters-2026-2027学年高中英语课时同步核心单词&固定搭配背诵默写清单（人教版）

人教版 必修第一册 Unit 课本同步高考 背诵+默写清 第1页 完整版背诵对毋 一、 核心单词完整版（含熟词： 1.disaster/dr'za:sta(r)/n.灾； ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：natural disaster自然灾 disaster area灾区 3.drought/drat/n.旱灾；干 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：suffer from drought遭 5.tsunami/tsu:'na:mi/n.海啸 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：tsunami warning海啸预 7.volcano /vol'kernao/n. ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：active volcano活火山； volcano休眠火山 4 Natural Disasters 3500词汇&短语 单 页 生义) 难；灾害 2.tornado/t:'nerdeu/,n.龙卷风；旋风 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：tornado warning龙卷风警报 旱 4.landslide /'laendslard/n.山体滑坡； 塌方 及旱灾 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：landslide victory压倒性胜利（熟词 生义) 6.f1ood/fnd/n.洪水；水灾vt.&vi.淹 没；泛滥 警 ★熟词生义：n.大量(a flood of大量的) >搭配：flash flood山洪暴发；a flood of大 量的 8.erupt/r'rpt/vi.&vt.(火山)爆发； (岩浆、烟等)喷出 dormant ★熟词生义：Vⅵ.突然发生（暴力事件等） >搭配：erupt into突然爆发为 第1页/共12页 9.magnitude/'maegnitju:d/n.震级； 巨大；重大 ★熟词生义：n.重要性；重大性 >搭配：the magnitude of the problem问 题的严重性 11.rescue/"reskju:/n.&vt.营救；救援 ★熟词生义：n,解救；搭救 >搭配：rescue team救援队；come to one's rescue来救某人 13.destroy/dr'stroI/vt.摧毁；毁灭 ★熟词生义：Vt.毁掉（希望、信心等） >搭配：be destroyed by fire被大火烧毁 15.survive/sa'varv/vi.生存；存活vt. 幸存；艰难度过 ★熟词生义：Vt.比…活得长 >搭配：survive on靠.生存；survive from从..中幸存 17.effect/r'fekt/n.影响；结果；效果 ★熟词生义：n.作用；效力(come into effect生效) >搭配：have an effect on对..有影响； side effect副作用 19.aid/erd/n.&vt.援助；帮助；救援物 资 ★熟词生义：n.辅助设备(teaching aid教 具) 第2页/ 10.earthquake/3 0kwerk/n.地震 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：earthquake survivor地震幸存者 12.damage/dmrd3/vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失 ★熟词生义：n.伤害（抽象）；do damage to对.造成伤害 >搭配：cause damage to对.…造成损害； do damage to损害 14.shelter /'felta(r)/n.避难处；居所vt. 保护；掩蔽1.躲避 ★熟词生义：Vt.庇护；给…提供避难所 >搭配：take shelter from躲避.； shelter sb.from保护某人免受 16.survivor/sa'vaIva(r)/n.幸存者；生 还者 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：earthquake survivor地震幸存者 18.emergency/r'm3:d3ansi/n.突发事 件；紧急情况 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：in case of emergency万一遇到紧 急情况；emergency room急诊室 20.injured/'rnd3ad/adj.受伤的；有伤 的 ★熟词生义：adj.受委屈的；感情受到伤害的 >搭配：the injured伤员；be injured in 在中受伤 共12页 ,搭配：first aid急救；in aid of为了帮助； with the aid of在.的帮助下 21.collapse/ka'leps/vi.&vt.倒塌；崩 溃n.倒塌；崩溃 ★熟词生义：i.突然失败；瓦解；n.昏倒 >搭配：collapse into ruins坍塌成废墟 23.bury/beri/vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 ★熟词生义：vt.隐藏(bury one's face in hands);专心于(bury oneself in) >搭配：be buried in埋头于；专心于 25.breath/bre/n.呼吸；气息 ★熟词生义：n,一丝(a breath of fresh air) >搭配：hold one's breath屏住呼吸；out of breath上气不接下气 27.shock /fok/n.震惊；休克vt.使震惊 ★熟词生义：n.电击；撞击 >搭配：be shocked at/by对.感到震惊； in shock处于休克状态 29.supply/sa'pla/n.供应；补给vt.供 应；供给 ★熟词生义：n.supplies补给品；日常用品 >搭配：supply sb.with sth.向某人提供某 物；in short supply供应不足 31.recommend/,reka'mend/vt.推荐； 建议 ★熟词生义：Vt.劝告；使受欢迎 第3页/ 22.trap /traep/vt.使困住；使陷入危险 n.陷阱；险境 ★熟词生义：n.困境(set a trap设圈套) >搭配：be trapped in被困在；seta trap for为.设陷阱 24.breathe/bria/vi.&vt.呼吸 ★熟词生义：t.轻声说；流露（情感） >搭配：breathe in吸入；breathe out呼出 26.revive/m'varv/vi.&vt.复活；复苏； 恢复生机 ★熟词生义：t.重新上演（戏剧等） >搭配：revive the economy复苏经济 28.electricity,lek'trIseti/n.电；电能 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：cut off electricity切断电力 30.volunteer/,vplan't(r)/n.志愿者 vt.&vi.自愿做 ★熟词生义：Vt.主动提供（信息等） >搭配：volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 32.calm/ka:m/adj.平静的；镇定的 vt.&vi.使平静 ★熟词生义：adj.无风的；平静的（天气） >搭配：calm down平静下来；calm sb. down使某人平静 共12页 >搭配：recommend doing sth.建议做某 事；recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做 某事 33.panic/paenIk/n.恐慌；惊恐vi.&vt. 惊慌失措 ★熟词生义：n.慌乱；一时的恐慌 >搭配：in a panic惊慌地；panic over 对感到恐慌 35.warning/'wnrm/n.警告；警报 ★熟词生义：n.先兆；预兆 >搭配：give a warning发出警告；without warning没有预兆地 37.sweep/swi:p/t.&vi.扫；打扫；席 卷 ★熟词生义：Vt.横扫；掠过；迅速传播 >搭配：sweep away清除；扫除；sweep across席卷 39.deliver/dr'lrva(r)/vt.递送；传达； 发表 ★熟词生义：t.接生；分娩；履行（承诺） >搭配：deliver a speech发表演讲；deliver on履行 二、 高考固定搭配完整版 l.natural disaster自然灾害 3.in shock处于休克状态；震惊 5. come to one's rescue来救某人 第4页/ 34.safety/"serfti//n.安全；安全性 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：for safety为了安全；safety measures安全措施 36.waVe/werv/n.海浪；波浪vi.&vt. 挥手；挥手示意 ★熟词生义：n.一阵（情绪等）；潮流 >搭配：a wave of一阵.；wave to sb.向 某人挥手 38.strike/straIk/vi.&vt.侵袭；爆发； 撞击；罢工 ★熟词生义：vt.突然想到(It strikes sb. that.);n.罢工 >搭配：be struck by被.打动；strike a balance取得平衡 40.summary/sAmari/n.总结；概括； 摘要 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：in summary总的来说 2.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 4.in a panic惊慌地 6.take shelter from躲避… 共12页 7.be trapped in被困在… 8.be buried in埋头于；专心于 9.hold one's breath屏住呼吸 10.out of breath上气不接下气 11.calm down平静下来 12.sweep away清除；扫除 13.sweep across席卷 14.have an effect on对…有影响 15.in case of emergency万-一遇到紧急情况 16.first aid急救 17.with the aid of在…的帮助下 18.supply sb..with sth.向某人提供某物 l9.in short supply供应不足 20.volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 21.recommend doing sth.建议做某事 22.be shocked at/by对…感到震惊 23.cause damage to对…造成损害 24.do damage to损害 25.survive on靠…生存 26.be struck by被…打动 27.It strikes sb.that..某人突然想到… 28.deliver a speech发表演讲 29.in summary总的来说 30.cut off electricity切断电力 31.set a trap for为…设陷阱 32.a flood of大量的 33.a wave of-阵… 34.without warning没有预兆地 35.for safety为了安全 第2页 高考专项默写页 单词英汉互译（基础义默写） 1.disaster 2.tornado 3.drought 4.landslide 5.tsunami 6.flood 第5页/共12页 7.volcano 10.earthquake 13.destroy 16.survivor 19.aid 22.trap 25.breath 28.electricity 31.recommend 34.safety 37.sweep 40.summary 熟词生义专项默写（高 1.flood除了“洪水”，还可 表示： 4.damage除了“损坏”，还 可表示： 7.survive除了“生存”，还 可表示： 10.injured除了“受伤的”， 还可表示： 13.bury除了“埋葬”，还可 表示： 16.shock除了“震惊”，还可 表示： 8.erupt 11.rescue 14.shelter 17.effect 20.injured 23.bury 26.revive 29.supply 32.calm 35.warning 38.strike 考高频陷阱默写) 2.erupt除了“（火山）爆 发”，还可表示： 5.destroy除了“摧毁”，还 可表示： 8.effect除了“影响”，还可 表示： 11.collapse除了“倒塌”，还 可表示： l4.breathe除了“呼吸”，还 可表示： 17.supply除了“供应”，还 可表示： 第6页/共12页 9.magnitude 12.damage 15.survive 18.emergency 21.collapse 24.breathe 27.shock 30.volunteer 33.panic 36.wave 39.deliver 3.magnitude除了“震 级”，还可表示： 6.shelter除了“避难处”， 还可表示： 9. aid除了“援助”，还可表 示： 12.trap除了“陷阱”，还可 表示： 15.breath除了“呼吸”，还 可表示： 18.volunteer除了“志愿 者”，还可表示： l9.recommend除了“推 荐”，还可表示： 22.warning除了“警告”，还 可表示： 25.strike除了“侵袭”，还可 表示： 三、 高考短语英汉互译默写 1. natural disaster 3 in shock come to one's rescue 7.be trapped in 9.hold one's breath 11.calm down 13.sweep across 15.in case of emergency 17.with the aid of 19.in short supply 21.recommend doing sth. 23.cause damage to 25.survive on 27.It strikes sb.that... 29.in summary 31.set a trap for 33.a wave of 20.calm除了“平静的”，还 21.panic除了“恐慌”，还可 可表示： 表示： 23.wave除了“海浪”，还可24.sweep除了“打扫”，还 表示： 可表示： 26.deliver除了“递送”，还 可表示： 2.in ruins 4.in a panic 6.take shelter from 8.be buried in 10.out of breath 12.sweep away 14.have an effect on 16.first aid 18.supply sb.with sth. 20.volunteer to do sth. 22.be shocked at/by 24.do damage to 26.be struck by 28.deliver a speech 30.cut off electricity 32.a flood of 34.without warning 第7页/共12页 35.for safety 四、高频易错搭配挖空填空 1.The earthquake left the city ruins. 2.People were shock after the tsunami. 3.She came the rescue of the trapped child. 4.They took shelter the heavy rain in a cave. 5.The victims were trapped the collapsed building. 6.He was buried his work and didn't notice the warning. 个： your breath and stay calm. 8.The rescue team was soon out breath. 9.Please calm and wait for help. 10.The flood swept the bridge. 11.The disease swept the whole country. 12.The disaster had a great effect the local economy. 13. case of emergency,call 120. 14.He gave first to the injured man. 15. the aid of the volunteers,the survivors were rescued. 16.The government supplied the victims food and water. 17.Fresh water is short supply after the earthquake. 18.Many students volunteered help clean up the city. 19.I recommend (read)the safety guide first. 第8页/共12页 20.We were shocked the news of the volcano eruption 21.The storm caused great damage the crops. 22.The survivors survived little food for days. 23.I was struck the beauty of the sunrise after the storm. 24.It suddenly struck me I had left my phone in the car. 25.She delivered a speech the importance of disaster preparedness. 26. summary,we should take safety measures seriously. 27.The electricity was cut during the hurricane. 28.The hunter set a trap the wolf. 29.Aflood tourists came to the seaside town. 30.Awave panic swept through the crowd. 31.The earthquake struck _warning. 32.For _please stay away from the damaged buildings. 33.The injured (be)sent to hospital immediately. 34.He held his breath and dived the water. 35.The volcano erupted and lava poured the mountain. 参考答案 默写页对照答案 一、单词英汉互译（基础义默写） 1.灾难；灾害 2.龙卷风；旋风 3.旱灾；千旱 4.山体滑坡；塌方 5.海啸 6.洪水；水灾；淹没 7.火山 8.(火山)爆发；喷出 9.震级；巨大；重大 10.地震 11.营救；救援 12.损害；破坏 第9页/共12页 13.摧毁；毁灭 16.幸存者；生还者 19.援助；帮助 22.使困住；陷阱 25.呼吸；气息 28.电；电能 31.推荐；建议 34.安全；安全性 37.扫；打扫；席卷 40.总结；概括；摘要 二、熟词生义专项默写（高考： 1.大量(a flood of大量的) 4.伤害（抽象）；do damage to对..…造成伤害 7.比.…活得长 10.受委屈的；感情受到伤害的 13.隐藏；专心于(bury oneself in) 16.电击；撞击 19.劝告；使受欢迎 22.先兆；预兆 25.突然想到(It strikes sb. that.…);罢工 三、高考短语英汉互译默写 1.自然灾害 3.处于休克状态；震惊 5.来救某人 7.被困在 9.屏住呼吸 11.平静下来 14.避难处；居所 15.生存；存活；幸存 17.影响；结果；效果 18.突发事件；紧急情况 20.受伤的；有伤的 21.倒塌；崩溃 23.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 24.呼吸 26.复活；复苏；恢复生机 27.震惊；休克；使震惊 29.供应；补给 30.志愿者；自愿做 32.平静的；镇定的；使平静 33.恐慌；惊恐；惊慌失措 35.警告；警报 36.海浪；波浪；挥手 38.侵袭；爆发；罢工 39.递送；传达；发表 高频陷阱默写) 2.突然发生（暴力事件等） 3.重要性；重大性 5.毁掉（希望、信心等） 6.庇护；给提供避难所 8.作用；效力 (come into 9.辅助设备(teaching aid教 effect生效) 具) 11.突然失败；瓦解；昏倒 12.困境(set a trap设圈套) 14.轻声说；流露（情感） 15.一丝(a breath of fresh air） 17.补给品；日常用品 18.主动提供（信息等） 20.无风的；平静的（天气） 21.慌乱；一时的恐慌 23.一阵（情绪等）；潮流 24.横扫；掠过；迅速传播 26.接生；分娩；履行（承诺） 2.严重受损；破败不堪 4.惊慌地 6.躲避. 8.埋头于；专心于 10.上气不接下气 12.清除；扫除 第10页/共12页 13.席卷 14.对.有影响 15.万一遇到紧急情况 16.急救 17.在..的帮助下 18.向某人提供某物 19.供应不足 20.自愿做某事 21.建议做某事 22.对.…感到震惊 23.对..造成损害 24.损害 25.靠.生存 26.被.打动 27.某人突然想到… 28.发表演讲 29.总的来说 30.切断电力 31.为.…设陷阱 32.大量的 33.一阵. 34.没有预兆地 35.为了安全 四、高频易错搭配挖空填空 1.in -The earthquake left the city in ruins. 2.in -People were in shock after the tsunami. 3.to -She came to the rescue of the trapped child. 4.from -They took shelter from the heavy rain in a cave. 5.in -The victims were trapped in the collapsed building. 6.in -He was buried in his work and didn't notice the warning. 7.Hold -Hold your breath and stay calm. 8.of -The rescue team was soon out of breath. 9.down -Please calm down and wait for help. 10.away -The flood swept away the bridge. 11.across-The disease swept across the whole country. 12.on -The disaster had a great effect on the local economy. 13.InIn case of emergency,call 120. 14.aid -He gave first aid to the injured man. 15.With -With the aid of the volunteers,the survivors were rescued. 16.with -The government supplied the victims with food and water. 17.in -Fresh water is in short supply after the earthquake. 18.to -Many students volunteered to help clean up the city. 19.reading -I recommend reading (read)the safety guide first. 第11页/共12页 20.at/by -We were shocked at/by the news of the volcano eruption. 21.to -The storm caused great damage to the crops. 22.on -The survivors survived on little food for days. 23.by -I was struck by the beauty of the sunrise after the storm. 24.that -It suddenly struck me that I had left my phone in the car. 25.on/about -She delivered a speech on/about the importance of disaster preparedness. 26.In -In summary,we should take safety measures seriously. 27.off -The electricity was cut off during the hurricane 28.for -The hunter set a trap for the wolf. 29.of -A flood of tourists came to the seaside town. 30.of -A wave of panic swept through the crowd. 31.without -The earthquake struck without warning. 32.safety -For safety,please stay away from the damaged buildings. 33.were -The injured were (be)sent to hospital immediately. 34.into -He held his breath and dived into the water. 35.down -The volcano erupted and lava poured down the mountain. 第12页/共12页