选择性必修第二册Unit 6 Survival-2026-2027学年高中英语课时同步核心词汇&固定搭配&一词多义背诵清单（外研版）

外研版 选择性必修第二册 Unit 6 Survival 课本同步高考3500核心词汇 +固定搭配+熟词生义汇总 核心单词60个 一高频固定搭配45组 一一词多义精讲14词 01 高考3500核心单词 音标·词性·常规义·熟词生义 1 survive/sa'vaIv/v.生存；幸存；存活 ★高考生义：比…活得长；（经历事故/灾难后）仍然活着 2 survival/sa'varl/n.生存；幸存 ★高考生义：（物种的）存续；（企业的）存活下来 3 survivor/s3'vaIva(r)/n.幸存者；生还者 ★高考生义：遗属；丧亲者 4 adapt/a'dept/适应；改编 ★高考生义：使适合（新用途）；改装 5 adaptation/,edep'ten/n.适应；改编本 ★高考生义：（生物学）适应性变化 6 species/'spi:z/n.物种；种类 ★高考生义：a species of+n.一种…（单复数同形） 7 endangered/n'deind3ad/adj.濒危的 ★高考生义：endangered species濒危物种（高考高频话题词） 8 habitat/haebrtaet//n.栖息地；产地 ★高考生义：human habitat人类居住环境 第1页/共9页 9 extinct/rk'strnkt/adj,灭绝的；绝种的 ★高考生义：（火山)死的；（情感/希望）消失的 10 extinction/ik'strnkfn/n.灭绝；消亡 ★高考生义：on the verge of extinction濒临灭绝 11 reserve/rr'z3vl&n.预订；保留；保护区 ★高考生义：储备（资源）；n.矜持；缄默 12 threaten/'0retn/v.威胁；恐吓 ★高考生义：预示（危险）；危及 13 threat/eret/n.威胁；恐吓 ★高考生义：a threat to sth对…的威胁（高考高频搭配） 14 reduce/rr'dju:sl减少；降低 ★高考生义：使沦为；使陷入（困境） 15 decrease /dr'kris/u&n.减少；降低 ★高考生义：on the decrease正在减少 16 decline/dr'klaIn/&n.下降；衰退；婉拒 ★高考生义：婉拒（礼貌拒绝）；in decline在衰退中 17 impact /'Impaekt//n.&影响；冲击 ★高考生义：have an impact on对…有影响（高考高频） 18 consequence/konsIkwans/.n.结果；后果 ★高考生义：as a consequence因此；as a consequence of由于 19 balance/'baelans/n.&w平衡；余额 ★高考生义：keep a balance between A and B在A与B之间保持平衡 20 survive on/s3'varv on/phr靠...生存 ★高考生义：survive on a low income靠微薄收入维持生活 第2页/共9页 21 aware/'wea(r)/ad.意识到的；知道的 食高考生义：be aware of意识到；be aware that从句 22 awareness/a'weanas/n.意识；认识 ★高考生义：raise awareness of提高对…的意识（高考高频） 23 protect/pra'tekt/.保护；防护 ★高考生义：protect.from/against..保护.…免受 24 protection /pra'tekJn/n.保护；防护 ★高考生义：under the protection of在…的保护下 25 exist/ig'zIst/M存在；生存 ★高考生义：exist on靠…生存 26 existence/ig'zIstans/,n.存在；生存 食高考生义：come into existence开始存在；产生 27 establish/r'staeblrf/v.建立；创立 ★高考生义：确立（地位）；证实 28 contribute/kan'tribju:t/贡献；捐助；投稿 ★高考生义：contribute to导致；有助于（高考高频多义） 29 contribution/,kontrI''bju:fn/,n.贡献；捐款 ★高考生义：make a contribution to对…做出贡献 30 depend /dr'pend/M依靠；取决于 ★高考生义：depend on依赖；取决于（高考高频） 31 dependent/dr'pendant/ad,依赖的；依靠的 ★高考生义：be dependent on依赖于 32 independent/,indi'pendant/.ad.独立的；自主的 ★高考生义：be independent of不依赖…的 第3页/共9页 33 starve/sta:vlw饥饿；饿死 ★高考生义：starve for渴望；急需 34 starvation/sta:'vern/n.饥饿；饿死 食高考生义：die of starvation饿死 35 hunt /hant/&n.打猎；搜寻 ★高考生义：hunt for搜寻；寻找 36 escape/r'skeIp./v&n.逃跑；逃避 ★高考生义：escape from从逃脱；escape doing sth避免做某事 37 attack /a'tek/&n.攻击；抨击 ★高考生义：a heart attack心脏病发作 38 defend/dr'fend/v保卫；辩护 食高考生义：defend against抵御；defend oneself为自己辩护 39 defence /dr'fens/n.防御；辩护 ★高考生义：in defence of为…辩护；保卫 40 absorb/ab'zpb/吸收；吸引 ★高考生义：be absorbed in全神贯注于 41 release /r'li:sl&n.释放；发布 ★高考生义：release from从…中释放；发行（电影/唱片） 42 capture /'kaeptfa(r)/M&n.捕获；俘获 ★高考生义：吸引（注意力）；准确记录 43 rescue /'reskju:/M&n.营救；救援 ★高考生义：come to one's rescue来救某人 44 shelter/elta)/n.&u庇护所；掩蔽 ★高考生义：take shelter from躲避 第4页/共9页 45 supply/s3'plar/n.&供应；补给 食高考生义：in short supply供应不足 46 demand/dr'ma:nd/n.&需求；要求 ★高考生义：in demand需求量大的；meet the demand满足需求 47 urgent/'3:d3nt/adj.紧急的；急迫的 ★高考生义：in urgent need of急需 48 desperate/'desparat/ad.绝望的；拼命的 ★高考生义：be desperate for极度渴望；be desperate to do拼命想做 49 struggle/'strAgl/M&n.斗争；挣扎 ★高考生义：struggle to do努力做；struggle with与…斗争 50 sustainable/s3'steInabl/adj.可持续的 ★高考生义：sustainable development可持续发展（高考话题高频） 51 conserve/kan's3vl保护；保存 ★高考生义：conserve energy节约能源 52 conservation/,konsa'vejn/n.保护；保存 ★高考生义：wildlife conservation野生动物保护 53 restore/rr'sto(r)/恢复；修复 ★高考生义：restore order恢复秩序；restore confidence恢复信心 54 monitor/monita(r)/&n.监测；显示器 ★高考生义：monitor progress监测进展 55 track/trek/n.&v轨道；追踪 ★高考生义：keep track of记录；掌握…的动态；lose track of失去…的线索 56 approach/a'prat/M&n.接近；方法 ★高考生义：an approach to doing sth做某事的方法(to为介词) 第5页/共9页 57 measure /'me3a(r)/n.&v措施；测量 食高考生义：take measures to do采取措施做 58 occur/k3(r)/发生；出现 食高考生义：It occurs to sb that..某人突然想到… 59 witness/wItnas/M&n.目睹；证人 ★高考生义：witness a sharp rise见证急剧上升 02 单词绑定高考高频固定搭配 共45组 01 survive on靠…生存 O2 survive the accident|在事故中幸存 03 adapt to|适应… 04 be adapted from|改编自… 05 be aware of|意识到… 06 raise awareness of I提高对…的意识 07 protect.from/against..|保护.…免受… O8 contribute to|导致；有助于 09 make a contribution to|对…做出贡献 10 depend on|依赖；取决于 11 be dependent on|依赖于 12 be independent of|不依赖… 13 starve for|渴望；急需 14 hunt for I搜寻；寻找 15 escape from|从…逃脱 16 escape doing sth|避免做某事 17 defend against|抵御… 18 in defence of|为…辩护；保卫 19 be absorbed in|全神贯注于 20 release from|从…中释放 21 come to one's rescue|来救某人 22 take shelter from|躲避… 23 in short supply I供应不足 24 in demand|需求量大的 25 meet the demand|满足需求 26 be in urgent need of|急需 27 be desperate for|极度渴望 28 be desperate to do|拼命想做 第6页/共9页 29 struggle to do|努力做 30 struggle with|与…斗争 31 keep a balance between A and B|在A与B之 32 take measures to do|采取措施做 间保持平衡 33 an approach to doing sth|做某事的方法 34 keep track of|记录，掌握…的动态 35 lose track of|失去…的线索 36 It occurs to sb that..|某人突然想到… 37 have an impact on|对…有影响 38 as a consequence of由于.… 39 in decline|在衰退中 40 on the decrease|正在减少 41 come into existence|开始存在；产生 42 on the verge of extinction I濒临灭绝 43 sustainable development|可持续发展 44 wildlife conservation|野生动物保护 45 restore order|恢复秩序 03 本单元/本模块高考重点一词多义精讲 真题必考 1 survive 2 adapt ①常规义：幸存；生存 ①常规义：适应 ②★生义：比…活得长；经历..…之后仍然活着 ②★生义：改编；改装 (及物动词) ★应试区分：adapt to(适应)vs.be adapted ★应试区分：不及物时后接from/on；及物时直接 from(改编自)vs.adapt sth for(为…改装) 跟宾语(survive the accident/the war) 高考原句：The novel was adapted from a true 高考原句：Only a few soldiers survived the battle. story..(这部小说改编自一个真实故事。) (只有少数士兵在战斗中幸存下来。) 3 reserve 4 decline ①常规义：预订；保留 ①常规义：下降；衰退 ②★生义：保护区；储备；矜持 ②★生义：婉拒（礼貌拒绝） ★应试区分：in reserve(储备)；nature reserve ★应试区分：decline to do sth(婉拒做某事)； (自然保护区) in decline(在衰退中) 高考原句：The area has been made a nature 高考原句：He politely declined the invitation to the reserve to protect wildlife.(该地区已被辟为自然保 party..(他礼貌地婉拒了聚会的邀请。) 护区以保护野生动物。) 第7页/共9页 5 contribute 6 escape ①常规义：贡献；捐助 ①常规义：逃跑；逃避 ②★生义：导致；有助于(contribute to) ②★生义：避免做某事(escape doing sth); (气体/液体)泄漏 ★应试区分：contribute to后接名词/动名词；主 语常为因素、原因 ★应试区分：escape from(从…逃脱)vs. 高考原句：Regular exercise contributes to good escape doing(避免做) health.(经常锻炼有助于身体健康。) 高考原句：You can't escape making mistakes when learning a language.(学语言时你无法避免犯 错。) 7 absorb 8 track ①常规义：吸收 ①常规义：轨道；追踪 ②★生义：使全神贯注(be absorbed in) ②★生义：记录；掌握动态(keep track of)；失 去线索(lose track of) ★应试区分：be absorbed in=be buried in=be lost in ★应试区分：keep/lose track of后接名词或动名 词 高考原句：She was so absorbed in her book that she didn't hear the bell.(她太专注于看书，以至于 高考原句：t's hard to keep track of all the changes 没听到铃声。)】 in technology.(很难掌握技术领域的所有变化。) 9 occur 10 measure ①常规义：发生；出现 ①常规义：测量；措施 ②★生义：被想到(It occurs to sb that..) ②★生义：衡量标准；采取措施(take measures to do) ★应试区分：occur to sb(某人想到)；occur无 被动语态 ★应试区分：take measures to do sth(采取措施 高考原句：It suddenly occurred to me that I had 做某事)；measure作“衡量"时及物 left my keys at home.(我突然想到我把钥匙落在家里 高考原句：The government has taken measures to 了。) reduce pollution.(政府已采取措施减少污染。) 11 approach 12 balance ①常规义：接近 ①常规义：平衡 ②★生义：方法；途径(an approach to doing ②★生义：余额；使均衡 sth) ★应试区分：keep a balance between A and B ★应试区分：approach to中to为介词，后接动 (在A与B之间保持平衡) 名词 高考原句：It is important to keep a balance between work and life.(在工作和生活之间保持平衡 很重要。) 第8页/共9页 高考原句：We need a new approach to solving this problem.(我们需要一种新方法来解决这个问 题。) 13 desperate 14 witness ①常规义：绝望的 ①常规义：证人；目睹 ②★生义：极度渴望的(be desperate for/to ②★生义：见证（历史/变化)；证明 do) ★应试区分：witness作“见证”时主语常为时间、 ★应试区分：be desperate for sth(渴望得到某 地点 物)；be desperate to do(拼命想做) 高考原句：The past decade has witnessed great 高考原句：He was desperate for a chance to prove changes in our city..(过去十年见证了这座城市的巨 himself.(他极度渴望一个证明自己的机会。) 大变化。) 第9页/共9页