选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Disaster Survival Reading A-2026-2027学年高中英语课时同步核心词汇&固定搭配&一词多义背诵清单（沪外版）

泸外版 选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Disaster Survival Reading A 课本同步高考3500核心词汇 +固定搭配+熟词生义汇总 核心单词32个 一高频固定搭配32组 一一词多义精讲10词 01 高考3500核心单词 音标·词性·常规义·熟词生义 1 disaster1d'2a:sta0)/n.灾难，灾害 ★高考生义：彻底失败的人/事（高考完形、阅读挖坑：a disaster for sb.sth.) 2 survival/sa'varvl/,n.生存，存活 ★高考生义：幸存物，遗存（阅读中指历史遗留物） 3 survive /sa'vaIv/生存，存活 ★高考生义：比…活得长；经历…之后还存在（高考常考survive sb.by…) 4 rescue/'reskju:/u&n.营救，救援 ★高考生义：挽救（局面/名声）come/go to sb.'s rescue 5 escape/r'skeIp./v&n.逃跑，逃脱 ★高考生义：被忽视，被遗忘（熟词生义：the name escapes me我想不起来了） 6 panic'paenIk/n.&恐慌，惊慌 ★高考生义：使人仓皇行事(panic sb.into doing sth.) shelter /'felta(r)/n.&v避难所；庇护 ★高考生义：躲避（风雨/危险）take shelter from 8 victim /'vrktm/n.受害者，牺牲品 ★高考生义：受灾者，罹难者（高考阅读高频：flood/.earthquake victims) 第1页/共6页 9 destroy/dr'stroI/摧毁，毁灭 ★高考生义：打破（希望/信心）；使失败(destroy one's confidence/,hope) 10 damage/'daemId3/n.&损害，破坏 ★高考生义：damages损害赔偿金（法律语境高考阅读考点） 11 collapse /ka'leps/&n.倒塌，崩溃 ★高考生义：晕倒；突然失败（健康/经济collapse) 12 injure /'Ind3a(r)/u使受伤 ★高考生义：损害（名誉/感情）(injure one's pride/.reputation) 13 wound /wu:nd/n.&u创伤，伤口 ★高考生义：伤害（感情）wound sb.'s feelings 14 threaten/Oretn/威胁，恐吓 ★高考生义：预示（危险）；濒临(threaten to do sth.) 15 warning'w:nrn/n.警告，警报 ★高考生义：先兆，预兆（(a warning sign/.signal) 16 evacuate/r'vaekjueIt//疏散，撤离 ★高考生义：排空（房间/地区）evacuate sb.from… 17 relief /rti:f/n.宽慰，减轻 ★高考生义：救济（物资）；换班者(relief supplies/workers) 18 donate/daw'nert/u捐赠，捐献 ★高考生义：献出（时间/精力）donate blood/,money to-… 19 volunteer/,vplan'tra(r)/n.&志愿者；自愿做 ★高考生义：主动提供（信息）volunteer to do sth. 20 recover/rr'kAva(r)/恢复，康复 ★高考生义：找回，重新获得(recover from;recover sth.) 第2页/共6页 21 rebuild/,ri:brld//重建，重新建造 食高考生义：恢复（信心/关系）rebuild one's life 22 prepare/pr'pea(r)/v准备，预备 ★高考生义：使做好准备(prepare sb.for sth.;be prepared to do) 23 caution/'kon/n.&w谨慎，警告 ★高考生义：警告(caution sb.against doing sth.) 24 signal/sIgnal/n.&w信号；示意 ★高考生义：表明，预示(signal a change/danger) 25 authority/p:'prati/,n.权威，当局 ★高考生义：权限，授权(have the authority to do sth.) 26 urgent/'3:d3ant/adj.紧急的，迫切的 食高考生义：催促的(an urgent message/,need) 27 temporary/'temprari/ad.临时的，暂时的 ★高考生义：短暂的(temporary relief/shelter) 28 permanent/'p3:manant/adj.永久的，永恒的 ★高考生义：长期不变的(permanent damage/solution) 29 frighten/'frartn/,k使惊吓，使害怕 ★高考生义：吓跑((frighten sb../sth.away/off) 30 anxious/enks/ad.焦虑的，担心的 ★高考生义：渴望的(be anxious to do sth.;be anxious for sth.) 31 desperate'desparat/ad.绝望的，拼命的 ★高考生义：极度渴望的(be desperate for//to do sth.) 32 conscious/konfas/,ad.意识到的，有意识的 ★高考生义：神志清醒的(be conscious of;remain conscious) 第3页/共6页 02 单词绑定高考高频固定搭配 共32组 01 survive on sth.|靠…生存/维持生活 02 survive from…|从…中幸存下来 03 come to sb..'s rescue|来营救某人 04 rescue sb..from…|把某人从…中救出 05 escape from…|从…逃脱 06 escape doing sth.|逃避做某事 07 in a panic|惊慌失措地 08 panic sb..into doing sth.|使某人仓皇做某事 09 take shelter from…|躲避… 10 seek shelter|寻找避难处 11 fall victim to…|成为…的受害者 12 destroy one's hope/confidence|摧毁某人的 希望/信心 13do/cause damage to…|对…造成损害 14 collapse from/with…|因…而倒下/崩溃 15 be injured in…|在…中受伤 16 threaten to do sth.|威胁要做某事 17 warn sb.of/about sth.|警告某人某事 18 evacuate sb.from…|把某人从…疏散 19 to one's relief|令某人宽慰的是 20 donate sth..to…|向…捐赠某物 21 volunteer to do sth.|自愿做某事 22 recover from.|从.中恢复 23 prepare for…|为…做准备 24 be prepared to do sth.|准备好做某事/愿意做 某事 25 caution sb.against doing sth..|警告某人不要 26 signal(to)sb.to do sth..|示意某人做某事 做某事 27 have the authority to do sth.|有权做某事 28 in urgent need of…|急需… 29 be anxious about…|为…担忧 30 be desperate for/to do sth.|极度渴望/极想 做某事 31 be conscious of·|意识到… 32 rebuild one's life|重建生活 03 本单元/本模块高考重点一词多义精讲 真题必考 1 escape 2 survive 第4页/共6页 ①逃跑，逃脱：The family escaped from the ①生存，存活：Only a few plants survive in the flood. desert. ②被忽视，被遗忘（熟词生义）：The name ②比..活得长：She survived her husband by escapes me.我想不起那个名字了。 ten years.她比丈夫多活了十年。 ③逃避（做某事）：He narrowly escaped being ③经历..之后还存在：The custom survives to killed.他险些丧命。 this day..这一习俗流传至今。 3 damage 4 relief ①损害，破坏（不可数）：The storm caused ①宽慰，减轻：To my relief,,the exam was easy. serious damage to the crops. ②救济（物资）：Relief was sent to the disaster ②damages损害赔偿金（可数，法律语境）：He area.救济物资被送往灾区。 was ordered to pay damages.他被判支付损害赔 ③换班者，接替者：a relief driver替班司机。 偿金。 5 recover 6 conscious ①恢复，康复：He is recovering from a bad ①意识到的：She was conscious of being cold. watched. ②找回，重新获得：The police recovered the ②神志清醒的：The patient remained conscious stolen car..警方找回了被盗车辆。 after the accident. ③有意识的，刻意的：a conscious effort刻意的努 力。 7 desperate 8 signal ①绝望的，拼命的：a desperate cry for help绝望 ①信号，暗号：The signal was given and the 的呼救 race began. ②极度渴望的：He was desperate for a job.他极 ②示意，发信号：He signalled to us to keep 度渴望一份工作。 quiet. ③极危险的，极严重的：a desperate situation危 ③表明，预示：The fall in sales signals a 急局势。 change in the market..销量下降预示着市场变化。 9 authority 10 panic ①权威，权力：He is an authority on Chinese ①恐慌，惊慌（名词）：There was a panic when history.他是中国历史方面的权威。 the fire broke out. ②当局（常用复数）：The local authorities are ②使惊慌（动词）：Don't panic!别慌！ dealing with the problem. ③使仓皇行事：The crowd was panicked into fleeing.人群仓皇逃散。 第5页/共6页 ③权限，授权：Only the manager has the authority to sign the contract. 第6页/共6页