内容正文:
高中选择性必修第二册沪外版
【Unit4】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
【Unit4】Disaster Survival B部分
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
devotion/d'vajn/n.奉献
minority/mar'nDrati//n.少数;少现;确认,认出
miracle/mrakl/n.奇迹,意外数派
restore /rI'st/V.恢复;修复;
的幸运事
harmonious /ha:'maunias/adj.使复原
twin/twn/adj.双胞胎的
和谐的,融洽的
abnormal/eb'nml/adj.反常
ward/w:dn.病房
affect/a'fekt/v.影响;侵袭,使的,畸形的
compensate/'kpmpensert/.V.补感染;深深打动
fundamental fAnds'mentl/adj.
偿,弥补
contract /kan'trkt/V.感染疾十分重大的,根本的:n.基本
collaborate /ka'laebareit/v.合作,病:与…订立合同;n.合同,规律,根本法则
协作
合约
resistance/r'zIstans/n.抵抗力:
mankind /maen'kand/n.人类
cancer/kaensa/n.癌症;邪恶,抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗
realistic/,Ia'listik/ad.(目标、毒瘤
希望)能够实现的
identify /ar'dentrfar/v.找到,发
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.devotion/d'va5jn/n.奉献
词汇变形
动词形式:devote
构词解析
后缀-tion:加在动词后构成名词,表”动作、状态或结果”。
固定搭配:devote oneself to(doing)sth.(致力于…)
例句:Her devotion to teaching won the respect of all students..
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习):She
(devotion)all her life to helping the
poor.(答案:devoted)
2.realistic/,rI'listik/adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的
词汇变形
名词形式:reality(现实):动词形式:realize(实现,意识到)
构词解析
后缀-istc:加在名词后构成形容词,表”具有…性质的:关于…的”。
同类词:idealistic(理想主义的)、optimistic(乐观的)
It's realistic to finish the project within two weeks if we work hard.
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高中选择性必修第二册沪外版
【Unit4】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句):We need to set realistic goals instead of impossible
ones.
3.harmonious /ha:'maunias/adj.和谐的,融洽的
词汇变形
名词形式:harmony(和谐)
构词解析
后缀ious:加在名词后构成形容词,表”具有…性质的”。
固定搭配:in harmony with(与…和谐一致)
例句:A harmonious family environment helps children grow up happily..
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习):The community works hard to create a
(harmony)living atmosphere.(答案:harmonious)
4.affect/a'fekt/v.影响:侵袭,使感染:深深打动
词汇变形
名词形式:effect(影响,效果)》
构词解析
前缀af(=ad,表”朝向”)+fect(词根,表”做,制作”)→”作用于”,即”影响”。
固定搭配:have an effect on(对…有影响)
例句:The bad weather will affect the outdoor activity tomorrow.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习):The new policy had a positive(affect)on
the local economy.(答案:effect)
5.contract /kan'traekt/V.感染疾病:与…订立合同;n.合同,合约
词汇变形
形容词形式:contractual(合同的,契约的)
构词解析
前缀con-(表共同)+tact(词根,表拉,拽”)→”拉到一起”,即订立合同;引申为”收缩,
感染”。
例句:He contracted a cold after playing football in the rain.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句):They signeda
(contract)with the company
last month.(答案:contract)
6.identify/ar'dentrfa/v.找到,发现:确认,认出
词汇变形
名词形式:identity(身份;同一性):形容词形式:identical(完全相同的)
构词解析
前缀iden-(=same,表”相同”)+-ify(动词后缀,表”使”)→”使相同,确认”。
例句:The police used DNA testing to identify the criminal.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习):Please show your
(identify)card before
entering the building.(答案:identity)
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高中选择性必修第二册沪外版
【Unit4】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
7.restore/rI'sto/v.恢复:修复:使复原
词汇变形
名词形式:restoration(恢复,修复)
构词解析
前缀re-(表”重新,再)+tore(词根,表”储存,放置)→”重新放置,恢复原状”。
例句:The old painting was restored to its original beauty.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习):The government is working on the一(restore)
of the ancient temple.(答案:restoration)
8.abnormal/eb'nml/adj.反常的,畸形的
词汇变形
反义词:normal(正常的):名词形式:abnormality(异常,畸形)
构词解析
前缀ab-(表”离开,偏离”)+normal(正常的)→”偏离正常的”,即反常的”。
例句:Abnormal behavior in animals may indicate health problems.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句):The test results showed some
(abnormal)
in his blood.(答案:abnormalities)
9.fundamental/,fnde'mentl/adj.十分重大的,根本的:n.基本规律,根本法则
词汇变形
名词形式:fundament(基础,根本)
构词解析
前缀funda-(=base,表”基础)+-mental(形容词后缀,表”与…有关的”)→”与基础有关的”,
即”根本的”。
例句:Hard work is fundamental to success.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习):We must master the
(fundamental)of
mathematics before learning advanced topics.(答案:fundamentals)
l0.resistance1'zIstans/n.抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗
词汇变形
动词形式:resist(抵抗,抵制):形容词形式:resistant(有抵抗力的)
构词解析
前缀re-(表”反对,回”)+sist(词根,表'站立”)+-ance(名词后缀)→”站在对面’,即”抵抗”。
固定搭配:resist doing sth.(抵制做某事)
例句:Regular exercise can improve the body'sresistance to diseases.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习):Some people
(resistance)the new policy
because they think it''s unfair.(答案:resist)
l1.collaborate /k3'laebareit./v.合作,协作
词汇变形
名词形式:collaboration(合作):形容词形式:collaborative(合作的)
构词解析
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高中选择性必修第二册沪外版
【Unit4】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
前缀col-(=com-,表”共同”)+labor(词根,表”劳动”)+-ate(动词后缀)→”共同劳动,即,
合作”。
Scientists from different countries collaborated on the research project.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习):The
(collaborate)between the two com-
panies led to the development of new technology..(答案:collaboration)
12.minority /mar'nprati/n.少数;少数派
词汇变形
反义词:majority(多数):形容词形式:minor(较小的,次要的)
构词解析
前缀min-(表”小的”)+-or(表”人或物)+-ity(名词后缀,表”性质,状态)→”较小的群体”,
即”少数派”。
例句:The minority group fought for equal rights.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句):Onlya_
(minority)of students prefer online
learning to traditional classes..(答案:minority)
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.The team's
(奉献)to the project led to its success..
7.We need to face the
(现实)and find a practical solution.
8.The
(between nature and humans is essential for sustainability.
9.Regular exercise can增强the body's._(抵抗力)to diseases.
10.The
between the two universities resulted in important discoveries
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.She has a strong
(devote)to her family and work.
7.It's(reality)to expect everyone to agree with your opinion.
8.The architect aimed to create a(harmony)relationship between the building and its surround-
ings.
9.The new medicine had a significant(affect)on patients'recovery.
10.The company signed a
(contract)with a foreign supplier last week.
三、完成句子(每空一词)
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高中选择性必修第二册沪外版
【Unit4】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
5.他致力于帮助贫困儿童。
He
to
poor children.
6.我们应该与自然和谐相处。
We should live
nature.
7.新政策对经济产生了积极影响。
The new policy
a positive
the economy.
8.科学家们正在合作研究这种新型病毒。
Scientists are
the new virus.
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
In today's world
(collaborate)among countries is becoming more important than ever.To
solve global problems like climate change,nations must work in(harmony)with each other.
However,some people(resistance)changes,fearing they will lose their jobs or traditions.
Itis
(fundamental)to set realistic goals and(identify)common interests.For example,
when countries
(devote)resources to renewable energy,they not only protect the environment
but also create new jobs.
The key is to restore trust and build strong partnerships.Only through such efforts can we create a
more
(harmonious)and prosperous future for all.
参考答案
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.devotion 7.reality 8.harmony
9.resistance
10.collaboration
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.devotion 7.realistic 8.harmonious 9.effect 10.contract
I.完成句子
5.devotes himself;helping 6.in harmony with 7.had;effect on 8.collaborating on
V.语篇填空
1.collaboration 2.harmony 3.resist 4.fundamental 5.identify 6.devote 7.harmo-
nious
5