Unit 5 Human and Nature单元练习卷 -2026-2027学年高中英语北师大版必修第二册

Unit 5 Human and Nature单元练习卷 -2026-2027学年高中英语 北师大版必修第二册 （试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 单词练习（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 单句语法填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 1.           (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. 2.       (gather) round the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. 3.As far as I can tell, a patient like him should be under            (observe) all the time. 4.            (curious), the shy boy became extraordinarily active when the discussion began. 5.They are collecting information to make           ( prepare) for the day when the two sides sit down and talk. 6.He made a great           (contribute) to the development of the new medicine. 7.He visited the            (convenient) store around the corner on a regular basis. 8.I guarantee that you will find it a            (reward) experience to attend his lecture. 9.Some people were almost            (frighten) to death by the horrible movie. 10.The painting was            (horrible) damaged in the flood and could never be restored. 第二节 单词拼写（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 11.The             (标题) of Evelyn Waugh's first novel was "Decline and Fall". 12.It was Cao Chong who thought of an approach to m        (测量) the weight of the elephant. 13.She kept looking          (焦虑地) at her watch. 14.The company developed six electric vehicle models, showing its          （追求) to break into the new energy vehicle market. 15.It is considered polite to express our concern about other people's losses and          (痛苦). 16.Regular checks are taken to            (确保) that high standards are maintained. 17.Overuse of the Internet will certainly make you            (沉迷的) to it and does harm to your health. 18.Because of the Winter Olympics, more and more people become interested in            (滑雪运动). 19.The girl stood in the crowded lecture hall, handing out           (小册子) in her hand. 20.Keep in mind that things made of            (金属) are not allowed into museums. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Natural History of the Future     Over the past century, humans have made great technological achievements with which we have found ways to control nature. From river dams (大坝) to huge one-crop fields, we continue to try to change nature for our goals so much that it seems we may be in danger of influencing it seriously.     In A Natural History of the Future, biologist Rob Dunn thinks that nothing could be further from the truth: rather than asking whether nature will let us live, we'd better ask whether we will let nature last. Although we try our best, or worst, to control the biological world, life has its own laws, and no matter what man does, he cannot change them.     Explaining several basic laws of ecology (生态), Dunn shows why life cannot be stopped. We grow one single crop on the field, only to find new life appearing to attack them. We throw away poisonous (有毒的) waste, only to find microbes (微生物) taking it over. And even in the London Tube, we have seen a new type of mosquito appear to take advantage of a place that is clearly not fit to live. Life will not follow our plans. Instead, Dunn shows us the future of living things and the challenges that the next generation may face.     A Natural History of the Future sets a new standard for understanding the different kinds of life and our future as a kind of creature.     Weight: 478g     Size: 223 ×146 ×33mm     Price:£ 25.00     Ways to Buy: They can be got in bookstores and online. 21.What does the author think of humans' scientific achievements? A. They help humans beat nature. B. They do good to nature in many ways. C. They may change nature too much. D. They are developed too slowly. 22.Which of the following agrees with the idea in the book? A. Living things like poisonous waste. B. Life will be out of control in the future. C. Life can live in any living conditions. D. Living things have their own rules to follow. 23.Who may be most probably interested in the book introduced in the text? A. Historians. B. Naturalists. C. Businessmen. D. Artists. B     My husband Wes and I and our two dogs have spent several years living in an RV(野营车)—calling it home and driving it all around the United States.     Wes and I had just sold our house outside of St. Louis, Missouri and moved to a town in Colorado. Though we enjoyed our new state, we were traveling back home for visits often. So at first the RV was intended for traveling in comfort: We could save money on hotels, travel at a more relaxed pace, avoid packing(打包行李) and unpacking, and be able to take our dogs with us. Plus, my husband had always wanted one.     We bought the first RV in July 2015 and by September of that year we were already considering living in it full time. Wes and I love traveling and being "location independent," and our jobs allow us to work from anywhere. At first it did seem strange to live on the road, but once we officially made the decision, in February 2016, we never looked back.     I absolutely love living in an RV, so my list of "advantages" is long. I love being able to park my home right next to the best biking trails(小路), change the view from the windows, follow the good weather, and explore unusual destinations(目的地).     The biggest "disadvantage" is the planning that's necessary. You do have to plan ahead where you are going to park because sometimes places are full. As a full-time traveler, you are often planning, moving, and trying new things. So once you arrive somewhere, it's nice to stay a while and just sit still. That's why I suggest that RVers park their RV every once in a while, or move a little slower. 24.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the author and her husband? A. Why they bought their first RV. B. Where they traveled in their RV. C. How they went on holiday in an RV. D. How they gave up their house to get an RV. 25.What did the author and her husband do in February 2016? A. They moved to a new city and found new jobs. B. They began living in their RV full time. C. They rebuilt their house in Colorado. D. They sold their first RV. 26.What does the author think of her lifestyle? A. It is busy and challenging. B. It still needs some changes. C. It is comfortable and satisfying. D. It has made her more independent. 27.What does the author suggest RVers do? A. Try new types of RVs. B. Head for thinly populated places. C. Slow down and relax on the road. D. Avoid making many plans ahead. C Climate change is largely responsible for the mass die-off of our planet's coral reefs (珊瑚礁), as stress caused by higher water temperatures causes corals to drive away the algae (藻类) living within them. The loss of that life-giving algae isn't the only problem, however. Stressed corals are also more likely to be infected by naturally occurring bacteria. In the past, populations of those extremely small living things were kept to manageable levels by sea cucumbers (海参), which feed on seafloor sediment (沉积物). Unfortunately, due to over-harvesting for use in the Asian seafood market, sea cucumbers are now becoming increasingly rare in many regions. In order to see just how crucial the animals are to coral health, a Georgia Tech team led by Mark Hay and Cody Clements conducted a series of field experiments in the South Pacific Ocean. Near the island of Mo'rea in French Polynesia, the scientists left existing sea cucumbers in 10 plots of sandy seabed and removed them from 10 others, then planted five coral groups in each of the plots. Those plots were subsequently inspected on a daily basis for a period of 45 days. It was ultimately found that coral death rate caused by sediment-associated diseases was 15 times greater in the sea-cucumber-less plots. Hay and Clements now hope that their findings will motivate governments and other groups to implement stricter limits on the harvesting of sea cucumbers, and to begin raising the animals for release onto corals that are in need of protection. Farm sea cucumbers could potentially also find use in keeping fish farms clean, and possibly even delaying certain diseases. "If you remove all the sediment eaters in the great fish tank of Earth, you're going to get a dirty tank eventually," said Clements. "People have paid lip service to the idea that sea cucumbers could be important for a long time, but we didn't know the scale of their importance until now." 28.Why are sea cucumbers important for coral health? A. They directly provide nutrients to corals. B. They help to reduce disease risk to corals. C. They produce algae essential for coral life. D. They drive the harmful algae away from corals. 29.What was the key difference between the two sets of plots in the experiment? A. The presence or absence of sea cucumbers. B. The types of coral groups planted in them. C. The quantity of seafloor sediment in each plot. D. The frequency of inspections over the 45-day period. 30.What did Hay and Clements appeal for? A. A ban on seafood harvesting in the tested region. B. The establishment of new coral reserves worldwide. C. The adoption of more sea cucumber conservation practices. D. Further study on the uses of farmed sea cucumbers in medicine. 31.What do Clements' words imply in the last paragraph? A. The importance of sea cucumbers was greatly overstated. B. Sea cucumbers were considered insignificant for a long time. C. People have already taken measures to protect sea cucumbers. D. Sea cucumbers play a vital role in keeping marine ecosystem healthy. D When you think of a jungle adventure, what comes to mind? Are they gorgeous birds flying through the air or monkeys jumping through the forest? Do you think of plants? Probably not. After all, plants arenˈt the most exciting living things in the world. They just sit there and absorb（吸收）water and nutrients（养分）from the soil and the sun. But actually there are also some plants that eat insects and even small animals from time to time. We call these unusual things carnivorous（食肉性）plants. Although most carnivorous plants eat small insects, large carnivorous plants in some hot and wet areas have been known to capture（捕获）rats, birds, and frogs. One carnivorous plant many people are familiar with is the Venus flytrap. Its unique “jaws（颌）” will function when flies and other small insects touch it. Once its jaws close on its victim, it produces a chemical substance（物质）that breaks down the insect and absorbs the insectˈs nutrients. There are several other examples of carnivorous plants. For example, some plants can catch insects with their leaves, which are like a tall narrow wineglass, while some trap their victims with sticky tentacles（触手）. And some growing in ponds and streams absorb their victims like underwater cleaners. Carnivorous plants tend to grow in areas where the soil is very thin and lacks necessary nutrients. These plants must find other sources for the nutrients they need. Trapping and eating insects allows these unique plants to survive. Unfortunately, human and environmental factors continue to threaten the limited environments where you can find wild carnivorous plants. Still for many people, the thought of a plant eating an animal seems very strange. In fact, more than one person has turned the idea into a scary story or movie. Carnivorous plants donˈt pose any danger to humans, though. Unless youˈre the size of a tiny insect, you donˈt have to worry about falling prey to a Venus flytrap. 32.What can we learn about the Venus flytrap? （） A. It catches insects with its unique “jaws”. B. It is a kind of poisonous plant. C. It produces a special smell to attract insects. D. It is the most important carnivorous plant. 33.Why do carnivorous plants hunt animals for food? （） A. They need some nutrients to survive. B. They enjoy the taste of animals. C. They try to reduce the harmful insects. D. They help keep the balance of nature. 34.Whatˈs the challenge faced by carnivorous plants? （） A. Threats from bigger animals. B. Limited choices of food. C. Less concern from human beings. D. Poorer environments to live in. 35.What can be the best title for the passage? （） A. Plants That Eat Living Things B. Various Survival Skills of Plants C. Plantsˈ Ways of Catching Insects D. Potential Dangers in the Jungle 第二节 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。     While being lost in the woods can be a frightening experience, surviving alone in the wild is generally a matter of common sense, patience, and wisely using the gifts that nature provides.   (36)        Do your research first. Don't just trek off into the wilderness; get a solid understanding of your surroundings first. Studying a map of the area where you're going—and making sure to bring it with you—will increase your chances of not getting lost tremendously. Educate yourself about the flora and fauna of the area you are exploring.   (37)    ​    (38)  . A cell phone with a spare battery or a portable CB radio can be your best, quickest means of rescue if you are truly lost or injured. A cell signal may only be obtainable only from a hill or tree, but is better than nothing. Serious hikers may even consider investing in a personal locator beacon such as the SPOT Messenger for extended, precarious, or very remote, treks.     Don't panic if you're lost. Panic is more dangerous than almost anything else, because it interferes with the operation of your single best, most useful and versatile survival tool: your mind. The moment you realize that you are lost, before you do anything else, stop.   (39)  . Before you act, follow the idea of STOP: S=sit down T=think O=observe your surroundings P=prepare for survival by gathering materials.     Signal your location. Make noise by whistling, shouting, singing, or banging rocks together.   (40)  .     If you're in a mountain meadow, make three piles of dark leaves or branches in a triangle. In sandy areas, make a large triangle in the sand. Three of anything in the wilderness is a standard distress signal. A. Bring a means of communication. B. If you can, mark your location in such a way that it's visible from the air. C. Knowledge of the local plants and animals can save your life. D. If you want to know how to survive in the woods, just follow these steps. E. Starvation won't be a big problem. F. Take a deep breath and stay calm. G. Having strength in numbers will help you survive. 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。      Last summer, my fiancé Eugeniu and I decided to drive to Provence for a holiday. The weather was beautiful, but then, about 700km into the journey, it suddenly   (41)  . I'd never seen the sky go so dark; the rain was heavy. We   (42)   a tunnel and when we came out onto a   (43)  , the visibility was so bad that we could hardly see a meter in front of us.       (44)  , we had the odd sensation that the car was lifting at the front. The next second, we were   (45)   into nothing. On the way down, I could hear rock pieces hitting the car and my heart pounding to my chest. After that, there was   (46)  .     Our car ended up landing on a road below the bridge. We were still   (47)  , but I was in shock. I hadn't   (48)   what was happening and was still thinking about my holiday. I had no idea the bridge had   (49)  —thought it might have been an earthquake.     At first we shouted, but then stopped because we didn't want to lose   (50)   and pass out. We tried calling an ambulance, but there was no    (51)   under the rock pieces. My leg was bleeding and I was too tense—because of the   (52)   I didn't feel pain. My fiancé had broken his neck. Rescue workers eventually found us while saving a man whose van was   (53)   from another section of the bridge above us. We'd been down there for four hours by the time we were pulled out.     It was only afterwards in the hospital that I realized the   (54)   of the tragedy—43 people had died. Before, we had focused on earning money. When we went on this holiday, I had lovely clothes and shoes in my suitcase, and they were all buried under the ruin. Maybe that was a sign that these things don't really   (55)  . 41.A. cleared B. switched C. wanned D. worsened 42.A. crawled in B. went through C. looked for D. emerged from 43.A. road B. stage C. beach D. bridge 44.A. At any price B. From side to side C. Back and forth D. Out of nowhere 45.A. falling B. running C. turning D. disappearing 46.A. surprise B. relief C. silence D. luck 47.A. conscious B. excited C. curious D. panicked 48.A. complained B. observed C. realized D. expected 49.A. landed B. reopened C. collapsed D. disappeared 50.A. face B. confidence C. weight D. strength 51.A. signal B. assistance C. feeling D. demand 52.A. medication B. rescue C. stress D. hunger 53.A. missing B. hanging C. escaping D. calling 54.A. scale B. urgency C. origin D. process 55.A. differ B. function C. hurt D. matter 第二节：语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。  Around 5 months ago, I moved into my new home in France. Since then, I   (56)   (walk) around my garden, happily lost among the   (57)   (energy) plants. Never have I felt luckier.        I was absolutely at the beginning of understanding how my garden works. I spent most of the first few months   (58)   (find) out the plants' names. I often uploaded photos to Plantent. I collected basic   (59)   (fact) about different species. But as the months continued, the strong wish   (60)   (care) what they were called gradually dropped, and I cared more to watch how they live. People told me there was a second spring down here.        Now I devote myself to it. All is changing how I think,   (61)   the ways I don't really understand. When I am not in my garden, my attention   (62)   (draw) to the plants from my desk as I sit on the latest video call. Most of these are conversations about   (63)   comes next for sustainable (可持续的) plants. I can't help thinking of   (64)   recently popular term — regenerative (可再生的) tourism. After looking them up in the dictionary, I find they have something in common.   (65)   (delighted), I have got it. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 66.  假定你是李华，你所在的俱乐部打算本周末去参观一家现代化农场。请给你校交换生John写封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 活动安排。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。  Dear John, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  Yours,  Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分) 。 67.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。词数150左右，续写部分分为两段，每段开头已为你写好。 It was early spring and Nana was in the backyard with her grandchildren. Amy, Michael, and Justin were playing when Nana said, "I'm going to start planting my garden. Who wants to help me?"        "What are you going to plant, Nana?" asked Amy. "I like big, yellow sunflowers."        "I'm going to plant vegetables. That way we can have them to eat when they are ready," said Nana.        "How long does that take?" asked Michael. He liked vegetables sometimes, especially carrots.        "It will take a few months before anything is ready to eat," answered Nana. The children were surprised.        "Months? Why would you do all that work and then have to wait so long?" asked Amy. "You should just go to the store and buy them."        "Patience, my sweeties! Don't you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself?" replied Nana. "And if all of you come to help, it won't be too much work."        "I'll help you, Nana," offered Justin. He put down the soccer ball and went to look at the gardening tools Nana had laid out. "What do we do first?" Michael and Amy came over to look, too.        Nana taught Justin how to use a trowel(小铲子) to dig small rows of holes for the seeds. Next, Nana showed Amy how to pour the seeds into each hole. And it was Michael's job to cover up the holes with soil. Finally, Amy wrote the vegetable names on sticks that Justin pushed into the ground. "This way we can remember which vegetable seeds we have planted," said Nana.        When they had planted everything, the children took turns filling up the watering can so that Nana could make the soil nice and wet for the seeds to start to grow.        "Now we just water them a little every day, and with some time and sunshine, we'll have some delicious things to eat in the summer," said Nana. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 ​​​​​​​     Whenever the grandchildren came to visit, they would dash into the garden. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________    Finally, Nana said it was time for the first harvest. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________​​​​​​​ 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Human and Nature单元练习卷 -2026-2027学年高中英语 北师大版必修第二册答案及解析 （试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 单词练习（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 单句语法填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 1. Basing 2. Gathering 3. observation 4. Curiously 5. preparations 6. contribution 7. convenience 8. rewarding 9. frightened 10. horribly 第二节 单词拼写（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 11. title 12. measure 13. anxiously 14. ambition 15. sufferings 16. ensure 17. addicted 18. skiing 19. brochures 20. metal 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. A 第二节 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. F 40. B 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 41. B 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D 第二节：语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56. have walked 57.energetic 58.finding 59.facts 60.to care 61.in 62.is drawn 63.what 64.a 65.Delightedly 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 66. Dear John,      I hope this email finds you well. I'm writing to invite you to join our club's trip to visit a modern farm this weekend. It's a great opportunity to experience firsthand how technology is revolutionizing agriculture.     We plan to depart on Saturday morning and return in the afternoon. The farm boasts advanced farming techniques and equipment, and we'll have guided tours to learn about sustainable farming practices. Lunch will be provided at the farm, featuring fresh, locally-grown produce.    I'm sure you'll find it both educational and enjoyable. Let me know if you can make it! Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分) 。 67.      Whenever the grandchildren came to visit, they would dash into the garden. Not surprisingly, they were going to see how the garden was growing. After watering the vegetables, they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nana's instruction if necessary. As time went by, the plants were growing taller and stronger. When they noticed the vegetables flowering and producing fruits, their eyes were sparkling like diamonds. Never had they looked forward to summer like this before. But they clearly knew that it's worthwhile to wait for the inviting results.      Finally, Nana said it was time for the first harvest. Hearing that, the children all jumped into the air and cheers filled the whole garden. Nana gave them each baskets and, together they gathered some of the cucumbers, carrots and tomatoes, which were turned into delicacies. "Who wants to help eat this fresh salad?" Nana asked. "Me!" everyone responded loudly. Tasting the salad, they thought nothing could be more delicious, because it was they who grew these vegetables. They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off. 【详细解析】 第一部分 单词练习（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 单句语法填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 1. Basing 解析：现在分词作状语，base与主语you是主动关系，用Basing。 句意：如果你更多凭借情绪而非理性来做重大决定，迟早会后悔。 2. Gathering 解析：现在分词作状语，gather和tourists是主动关系。 句意：游客们围坐在火堆旁，和当地人一起跳舞。 3. observation 解析：固定搭配under observation 在观察之中；observe动词变为名词observation。 句意：依我看，像他这样的病人应该一直被观察。 4. Curiously 解析：副词放句首修饰整个句子，curious变副词Curiously。 句意：令人好奇的是，这场讨论开始时，这个害羞的男孩变得异常活跃。 5. preparations 解析：固定搭配make preparations for 为……做准备，常用复数。 句意：他们正在收集信息，为双方坐下来谈判的那一天做准备。 6. contribution 解析：固定搭配make a great contribution to 对……做出巨大贡献。 句意：他为这种新药的研发做出了巨大贡献。 7. convenience 解析：convenience修饰名词store，固定搭配convenience store 表示便利店 。 句意：他经常去拐角处那家便民商店。 8. rewarding 解析：修饰名词experience用形容词，reward变为rewarding，有益的、有收获的。 句意：我保证参加他的讲座你会发现这是一次很有收获的经历。 9. frightened 解析：形容词作表语，修饰人，be frightened to death吓得要死。 句意：一些人被这部恐怖电影几乎吓得要死。 10. horribly 解析：副词修饰动词damaged，horrible变horribly。 句意：这幅画在洪水中损毁严重，再也无法修复。 第二节 单词拼写（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 11. title 解析：名词，标题。 句意：伊夫林·沃第一部小说的标题是《兴衰》。 12. measure 解析：动词，测量；approach to do sth.做某事的方法。 句意：正是曹冲想出了一个办法来测量大象的体重。 13. anxiously 解析：副词，焦虑地，修饰动词looking。 句意：她不停地焦虑地看手表。 14. ambition 解析：名词，渴求、雄心。 句意：这家公司研发了六款电动汽车车型，显示它进军新能源汽车市场的雄心。 15. sufferings 解析：名词，痛苦，常用复数，和losses并列。 句意：对别人的损失和痛苦表达关切被认为是有礼貌的行为。 16. ensure 解析：动词，确保。 句意：定期检查，确保高标准得以维持。 17. addicted 解析：固定搭配make sb. addicted to 使某人沉迷于。 句意：过度上网一定会让你沉迷其中，对你健康造成伤害。 18. skiing 解析：名词，滑雪运动。 句意：因为冬奥会，越来越多人对滑雪运动产生兴趣。 19. brochures 解析：名词，小册子；hand out后面常用复数brochures。 句意：这个女孩站在拥挤的报告厅里，手里拿着小册子分发。 20. metal 解析：名词，金属。 句意：记住，金属制品是不允许带入博物馆的。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） A 21~23. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《未来的自然史》这本书。《未来的自然史》为理解生命的多样性以及我们作为一种生物的未来设定了一个新的标准。 21. 根据第一段第二句话From river dams (大坝) to huge one-crop fields, we continue to try to change nature for our goals so much that it seems we may be in danger of influencing it seriously.（从河坝到巨大的单一作物田，我们继续努力为我们的目标改变自然，以至于我们可能面临严重影响自然的危险。）可知，人类继续为了目标试图在很大程度上改变大自然，可能会严重影响大自然，从而陷入危险。即人类的科学成就可能过度改变自然。故选C。 22. 根据第二段第二句话Although we try our best, or worst, to control the biological world, life has its own laws, and no matter what man does, he cannot change them.（尽管我们尽力或最坏地控制生物世界，但生命有自己的规律，无论人类做什么，都无法改变它们。）可知，生命遵循他们自己的规律，无论人类做什么都无法改变他们。故选D。 23. 本文《未来的自然史》这本书为理解生命的多样性以及我们作为一种生物的未来设定了一个新的标准。由此可推知，自然学家应该对这本书感兴趣。故选B。 B 24~27. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫Wes以及他们的两只狗已经在一辆野营车里住了好几年了——把它叫做家，开着它周游美国的经历。 24. 根据文章第二段“Wes and I had just sold our house outside of St. Louis... Plus, my husband had always wanted one.（韦斯和我刚刚卖掉了我们在密苏里州圣路易斯郊外的房子，搬到了科罗拉多州的一个小镇。虽然我们很享受这种新状态，但我们还是经常回家探亲。所以一开始，野营车的目的是为了舒适地旅行：我们可以省下酒店的钱，以更轻松的节奏旅行，避免打包和拆包，还可以带着我们的狗。而且，我丈夫一直想要一辆。）”可知，第二段主要解释了作者购买野营车的原因。故选A。 25. 根据文章第三段“At first it did seem strange to live on the road, but once we officially made the decision, in February 2016, we never looked back.（起初，住在路上似乎很奇怪，但一旦我们在2016年2月正式做出决定，我们就再也没有回头。）”可推知，从2016年二月开始，作者和丈夫开始整天住在野营车里。故选B。 26. 根据文章第四段“I absolutely love living in an RV, so my list of "advantages" is long. I love being able to park my home right next to the best biking trails (小路）, change the view from the windows, follow the good weather, and explore unusual destinations(目的地).（我绝对喜欢住在房车里，所以我的“优点”清单很长。我喜欢把我的家停在最好的自行车道旁边，改变窗外的景色，跟随好天气，探索不寻常的目的地。）”可推知，作者认为自己的生活方式是舒服的和令人满意的。故选C。 27. 根据文章最后一段“As a full-time traveler, you are often planning, moving, and trying new things. So once you arrive somewhere, it's nice to stay a while and just sit still. That's why I suggest that RVers park their RV every once in a while, or move a little slower.（作为一个全职旅行者，你经常计划、移动和尝试新事物。所以一旦你到达某个地方，呆一会儿，静静地坐着是很好的。这就是为什么我建议游行者每隔一段时间就停一下他们的野营车，或者稍微慢一点。）”可知，作者建议游行者在路上慢下来，放松一下。故选C。 C 28~31. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海参通过吃海底沉积物来控制那些可能感染珊瑚的微生物种群数量，减少疾病危害，起到维持珊瑚健康的作用，研究人员呼吁加强海参保护以维护珊瑚礁生态。 28. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Stressed corals are also more likely… which feed on seafloor sediment (沉积物).”可知，海参对珊瑚的健康很重要，因为它们有助于减少珊瑚患病的风险。故选B项。 29. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Near the island of Mo’rea in French Polynesia, the scientists left existing sea cucumbers in 10 plots of sandy seabed and removed them from 10 others, then planted five coral groups in each of the plots.”可知，进行实验的两组海床地块的关键区别在于有无海参。故选A项。 30. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Hay and Clements now hope that their findings will motivate governments and other groups to implement stricter limits on the harvesting of sea cucumbers, and to begin raising the animals for release onto corals that are in need of protection.”可知，Hay和Clements呼吁采取更多措施保护海参。故选C项。 31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Clements所说的话“If you remove all the sediment eaters in the great fish tank of Earth, you’re going to get a dirty tank eventually”可知，Clements用鱼缸清洁这一比喻形象地说明如果把处理沉积物的海参移除了，海洋环境就会变差。由此可知，海参在维持健康海洋环境方面起着至关重要的作用。故选D项。 D 32~35. 【语篇解读】  本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食肉植物的捕猎方式和产生的原因，以及人类活动对食肉植物的影响。 32细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One carnivorous plant many people are familiar with is the Venus flytrap. Its unique ‘jawsˈ（颌）will function when flies and other small insects touch it. Once its jaws close on its victim, it produces a chemical substance（物质）that breaks down the insect and absorbs the insectˈs nutrients.”可知，捕蝇草用独特的“下颚”捕捉昆虫。故选A项。 33. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Carnivorous plants tend to grow in areas where the soil is very thin and lacks necessary nutrients. These plants must find other sources for the nutrients they need.”可知，食肉植物捕食动物是因为这些植物必须找到其他来源来获取生存所需的营养。故选A项。 34. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Trapping and eating insects allows these unique plants to survive. Unfortunately, human and environmental factors continue to threaten the limited environments where you can find wild carnivorous plants.”可推知，因为人类和环境因素导致，食肉植物面临有限的生活环境。故选D项。 35. 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“But actually there are also some plants that eat insects and even small animals from time to time. We call these unusual things carnivorous（食肉性）plants. Although most carnivorous plants eat small insects, large carnivorous plants in some hot and wet areas have been known to capture（捕获）rats, birds, and frogs.”以及最后一段中的“Carnivorous plants donˈt pose any danger to humans, though. Unless youˈre the size of a tiny insect, you donˈt have to worry about falling prey to a Venus flytrap.”可知，本文主要讲述食肉植物的有关内容，A项适合作文章标题。故选A项。 第二节 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36~40. 【文章大意】在森林里迷路是恐怖的经历，文章介绍了独自一人在野外的生存常识。 36. 根据第一段的内容介绍可知，在野外独自生存，常识、耐心、明智利用大自然的馈赠是很重要的，接着介绍一些具体的方法，D项If you want to know how to survive in the woods, just follow these steps.（如果你想知道如何在森林中生存，请遵循以下步骤。）符合语境，引起下文。故选D。 37. 根据前句Educate yourself about the flora and fauna of the area you are exploring.可知，让自己了解当地的动植物有助于在该地生存，故选C。 38. 从该段的A cell phone with a spare battery or a portable CB radio can be your best, quickest means of rescue if you are truly lost or injured.可知，手机，便携式的CB都是很重要的自我营救的方法，即建议我们带一些可与外界交流的工具，故选A。 39. 根据该段第一句话Don't panic if you're lost.可知，当你迷路时，不要恐慌，即建议要冷静，选项stay calm与原文Don't panic相呼应。故选F。 40. 根据首句Signal your location.建议我们要将自己的位置用信号发出去，选项中的location与原文原词复现。故选B。 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 41~55. 【文章大意】本篇为记叙文。讲述了我和未婚夫去普罗旺斯度假途中，遭遇恶劣天气引发的意外，但却幸存下来的经历。这次经历让作者明白生命才是最重要的。 41. 句意：天气很好，但在大约行驶了700公里后，天气突然变了。A.cleared放晴；B.switched转变；C.warmed变暖；D.worsened恶化。根据下文I'd never seen the sky go so dark可推知，此处指天气转变。故选B。 42. 句意：我们穿过了一条隧道，当我们走到一座桥上时，能见度非常低，我们几乎看不到前面一米的地方。A.crawled in爬进；B.went through穿过；C.looked for寻找；D.emerged from从……显露出来。根据该句中a tunnel and when we came out可推知，此处为我们穿过了一条隧道。故选B。 43. 句意同上。A.road道路；B.stage舞台；C.beach沙滩；D.bridge桥。根据下文Our car ended up landing on a road below the bridge.可知，此处为当我们走到一座桥上时，能见度非常低，我们几乎看不到前面一米的地方。故选D。 44. 句意：不知从哪里来的，我们有一种奇怪的感觉，那辆车在前面被抬起来了。A.At any price不惜任何代价；B.From side to side从一边到另一边；C.Back and forth来来回回；D.Out of nowhere不知从哪里冒出来的。根据句意以及该句中we had the odd sensation可知，此处为不知从哪里来的，我们有一种奇怪的感觉，那辆车在前面被抬起来了。故选D。 45. 句意：下一秒，我们就从桥上坠落了。A.falling落下；B.running跑；C.turning变成；D.disappearing消失。根据下文on the way down可知，此处为我们从桥上坠落。故选A。 46. 句意：在那之后，是一片寂静。A.surprise惊讶；B.relief缓解；C.silence安静；D.luck运气。根据上文On the way down, I could hear rock pieces hitting the car and my heart pounding to my chest.以及下文Our car ended up landing on a road below the bridge.可知，在听到岩石撞击汽车的声音并最终降落到桥下的路面上以后，是一片寂静。故选C。 47. 句意：我们都还清醒，但我很震惊。A.conscious有意识的；B.excited激动的；C.curious好奇的；D.panicked痛苦的。根据上下文语境以及该句中的still可知，此处为掉落到桥下以后，我们都还清醒，但我很震惊。故选A。 48. 句意：我还没有意识到发生了什么，还在想着我的假期。A.complained抱怨；B.observed观察；C.realized意识到，实现；D.expected期盼。故选C。 49. 句意：我不知道桥塌了，还以为是地震。A.landed登陆；B.reopened重新开放；C.collapsed倒塌；D.disappeared消失。根据下文thought it might have been an earthquake.可推知，此处为我不知道桥塌了，还以为是地震。故选C。 50. 句意：一开始我们大喊大叫，但后来停了下来，因为我们不想失去力气，昏过去。A.face脸；B.confidence自信；C.weight重量；D.strength力气。根据该句中的but then stopped以及and pass out.可知，此处为一开始我们大喊大叫，但后来停了下来，因为我们不想失去力量，昏过去。故选D。 51. 句意：我们试着叫救护车，但岩石下面没有信号。A.signal信号；B.assistance帮助；C.feeling感受；D.demand命令。根据下文Rescue workers eventually found us以及该句中的We tried calling an ambulance可知，此处为我们试着叫救护车，但岩石下面没有信号，没有叫到救护车。故选A。 52. 句意：我的腿在流血，我太紧张了——因为压力，我感觉不到疼痛。A.medication药物治疗；B.rescue救援；C.stress紧张；压力；D.hunger饥饿。根据上文提到的桥倒塌了以及该句中的I didn't feel pain可推知，此处为我太紧张了——因为紧张，我感觉不到疼痛。故选C。 53. 句意：救援人员最终找到了我们，同时救下了一名男子，他的货车挂在我们上方的另一段桥上。A.missing失去；B.hanging悬挂；C.escaping逃跑；D.calling打电话。根据该句前文saving a man whose van was的from another section of the bridge above us.可知，此处为这名男子也出了意外，他的货车挂在我们上方的另一段桥上。故选B。 54. 句意：事后在医院里，我才意识到这场悲剧的规模——43人死亡。A.scale规模；B.urgency紧急情况；C.origin起源；D.process过程。根据该句中的43 people had died故可推知，此处说得是在知道了43个人死亡后，我才意识到这场悲剧的规模。故选A。 55. 句意：也许这是一个信号，表明这些事情并不重要。A.differ区别；B.function运转；C.hurt伤害；D.matter要紧。根据前文内容When we went on this holiday, I had lovely clothes and shoes in my suitcase, and they were all buried under the ruin.可知，在这次经历之前，我关注物质层面的东西（钱、漂亮的衣服和鞋子），这次经历之后，这些被埋在废墟下，我明白这些都不重要，生命才是最重要的。故选D。 第二节：语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56-65【文章大意】文章主要讲述了作者搬家后，潜心观察自家院子里植株的物种以及它们的生长情况，并引起了自己对于可持续植物生长的思考。 56.句意：从那时起，我在花园里漫步，愉快地迷失在充满活力的植物中。分析句子结构可知，walk在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“Since then”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且句子的主语是“I”，谓语动词应用have walked，故填have walked。 57. 句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词plants，故填energetic。 58. 句意：最初几个月的大部分时间我都在寻找植物的名字。此处考查固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”。故填finding。 59. 句意：我收集了关于不同物种的基本事实。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作“collected”的宾语，fact意为“ (可证实的)事实，真相”时为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式表示泛指。故填facts。 60. 句意：但随着几个月的持续，关心它们的强烈愿望逐渐消失，我更关心它们的生活。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作“wish”的后置定语。故填to care。 61. 句意：所有的一切都在以我不太理解的方式改变我的想法。此处表示一切事物都在以“我”并不是真正理解的方式改变着“我”的思维。此处应用介词in表示“以……方式”。故填in。 62. 句意：当我不在花园里时，当我坐在最新的视频通话中时，我的注意力被吸引到桌子上的植物上。根据从句中的“am”可知，此处应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，句子的主语为“my attention”，表示抽象概念，谓语动词应用单三形式，且主语“my attention”和动词draw之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故填is drawn。 63. 句意：其中大多数是关于可持续植物的下一步发展的对话。分析句子结构可知，about后是宾语从句，且从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，应用what引导该从句。故填what。 64. 句意：我不禁想到最近流行的一个术语——再生旅游。此处泛指“一个术语”，且“recently”是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词a。故填a。 65. 句意：很高兴，我找到了。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子。注意首字母大写。故填Delightedly。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 66. 【思路点拨】 本文是一篇应用文，话题是你所在的俱乐部打算本周末去参观一家现代化农场，请你用英文给John写封邀请他参加的邮件，文章主要用一般现在时和一般将来时。写作时应该注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可以适当增加一些衔接词，以使行文连贯。 【亮点词汇】 ①revolutionize agriculture彻底改变农业； ②boast有（值得自豪的东西）； ③advanced先进的 【高分句型】 ①It's a great opportunity to experience firsthand how technology is revolutionizing agriculture. （不定式作后置定语） ②I'm sure you'll find it both educational and enjoyable.（省略that引导的宾语从句） 【结构布局】 引言：点明写邮件的目的； 中心：详细介绍活动的具体安排； 结尾：表达对活动的肯定并询问对方能否参加。 【拓展词汇】 ①confirm one's participation确认参加 ②privileged感到荣幸的 ③attach great importance/significance to重视 【拓展句型】 ①Some details about ... are as follows.……的细节如下。 ②I'm convinced that you can have a better understanding of ... through the activities.我相信通过这项活动你会对……有个更好的了解。 【范文】 Dear John,      I hope this email finds you well. I'm writing to invite you to join our club's trip to visit a modern farm this weekend. It's a great opportunity to experience firsthand how technology is revolutionizing agriculture.     We plan to depart on Saturday morning and return in the afternoon. The farm boasts advanced farming techniques and equipment, and we'll have guided tours to learn about sustainable farming practices. Lunch will be provided at the farm, featuring fresh, locally-grown produce.    I'm sure you'll find it both educational and enjoyable. Let me know if you can make it! Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分) 。 67. 一、文章梳理 【原文大意】 本文以奶奶和孙子们在后院一起种植蔬菜为线索展开，讲述了那年早春，娜娜和她的孙子们在后院，艾米、迈克尔和贾斯汀正在玩耍，奶奶提出要种植蔬菜，一开始孙子们建议奶奶去商店买，因为自己种植蔬菜要做那么多工作，然后还要等这么长时间，奶奶让孙子们耐心点，因为自己种的食物总是味道最好的，奶奶认为如果大家都来帮忙，工作也不会太多。孙子们听了都乐意来帮忙，奶奶给孙子们分了工，奶奶耐心教导，当他们把所有的东西都种好后，孩子们轮流往水罐里灌满水，这样奶奶就能把土壤弄湿，让种子开始生长。奶奶说只要每天给它们浇水，再加上一些时间和阳光，夏天就可以吃到美味的东西了。 二、线索厘清 【续写线索】 ①由第一段首句内容“每当孙子们来拜访时，他们都会冲进花园。”可知，第一段可描写孩子们怎样照顾这些植物们，以及看着蔬菜开花并结出果实时的兴奋心情。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，娜娜说是第一次收获的时候了。”可知，第二段可描写孩子们听到消息的喜悦之情，他们一起收集蔬菜，并把这些变成了美味佳肴，们认为没有什么比这更美味了，付出总有回报。 续写线索：冲进花园——看如何生长——照顾花园——开花结果——高兴 【词汇激活】 行为类 ①冲进：dash into  /storm in ②除草：remove weeds/clean out weeds ③注意：notice/note/find 情绪类： ①骄傲地：loudly/with pride ②兴奋：jump into the air/ be up in the air 三、范文鉴赏 【高分句式】 ①After watering the vegetables, they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nanas instruction if necessary.（由关系词that引导的限制性定语从句） ②Never had they looked forward to summer like this before.（否定词never提于句首的部分倒装句） ③They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作learned的宾语） 【范文】 67.      Whenever the grandchildren came to visit, they would dash into the garden. Not surprisingly, they were going to see how the garden was growing. After watering the vegetables, they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nana's instruction if necessary. As time went by, the plants were growing taller and stronger. When they noticed the vegetables flowering and producing fruits, their eyes were sparkling like diamonds. Never had they looked forward to summer like this before. But they clearly knew that it's worthwhile to wait for the inviting results.      Finally, Nana said it was time for the first harvest. Hearing that, the children all jumped into the air and cheers filled the whole garden. Nana gave them each baskets and, together they gathered some of the cucumbers, carrots and tomatoes, which were turned into delicacies. "Who wants to help eat this fresh salad?" Nana asked. "Me!" everyone responded loudly. Tasting the salad, they thought nothing could be more delicious, because it was they who grew these vegetables. They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off. 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $