Unit3 My School 知识精讲 2026~2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

2026-10-16
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Unit 3 My School 知识精讲 新人教版七年级上册 讲练一体 一、单元目标 学完本单元,你应该能够: 1. 能用 there be 句型介绍学校里有什么。 2. 能用方位介词(in front of / behind / between / next to / across from)说明位置。 3. 能读懂介绍学校的短文,提取场所与位置信息。 4. 能写一段话介绍自己的学校。 二、核心词汇 hall n. /hɔːl/ 礼堂;大厅 dining hall /ˈdaɪnɪŋ/ 餐厅 in front of 在……前面 building n. /ˈbɪldɪŋ/ 建筑物;房子 across adv. & prep. /əˈkrɒs/ 在(……)对面;横过 across from 在对面 centre n. /ˈsentə(r)/ 中心;中央(= center) gym n. /dʒɪm/ 体育馆,健身房 field n. /fiːld/ 场地;田地 sports field 运动场 office n. /ˈɒfɪs/ 办公室 large adj. /lɑːdʒ/ 大的;大号的 special adj. /ˈspeʃl/ 特别的;特殊的 smart adj. /smɑːt/ 智能的;聪明的 whiteboard n. /ˈwaɪtbɔːd/ 白板;白色书写板 put up 张贴;搭建 important adj. /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ 重要的 notice n. & v. /ˈnəʊtɪs/ 通知;注意;注意到 locker n. /ˈlɒkə(r)/ 有锁存物柜;寄物柜 drawer n. /drɔː(r)/ 抽屉 at the back (of) 在(……)后面 corner n. /ˈkɔːnə(r)/ 角;墙角;街角 bookcase n. /ˈbʊkkeɪs/ 书架;书柜 screen n. /skriːn/ 屏幕;银幕 at school 在学校 different from 与……不一样 modern adj. /ˈmɒdn/ 现代的;当代的 do exercises 做体操 amazing adj. /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ 令人惊奇的 raise v. /reɪz/ 使升高;提高 flag n. /flæɡ/ 旗;旗帜 most adj. & adv. /məʊst/ 大多数;最多;最 change v. & n. /tʃeɪndʒ/ 改变;变化 seat n. /siːt/ 座位 delicious adj. /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ 美味的;可口的 How about …? ……怎么样? yours pron. /jɔːz/ 你的;您的 send v. /send/ 发送;邮寄 similar adj. /ˈsɪmələ(r)/ 类似的;相像的 similar to 类似的;相像的 sound v. & n. /saʊnd/ 听起来;声音 bye for now 再见 专有名词 Flora /ˈflɔːrə/ 弗洛拉 三、常用短语 dining hall 餐厅 in front of 在……前面 across from 在对面 sports field 运动场 put up 张贴;搭建 at the back (of) 在(……)后面 at school 在学校 different from 与……不一样 do exercises 做体操 How about …? ……怎么样? similar to 与……相似 bye for now 再见 四、语音过关 /ɔː/ /ɒ/ /uː/ /ʊ/ /uː/ 与 /ʊ/ 是容易混的一组;/ɔː/ 与 /ɒ/ 也要分清长短。 音标 发音要领 常见字母/字母组合 例词 /ɔː/ 长音,口开圆,音长 or / al / au / oor sport, short, fork, small, talk, floor, daughter /ɒ/ 短音,口开圆,音短促 o / a(w 后) fox, box, hot, not, shop, watch, what /uː/ 长音,双唇收圆突出,音长 oo / u / ue / ew food, school, rule, blue, June, new /ʊ/ 短音,双唇略圆,音短促 oo / u / oo(k 前) look, good, book, put, full, cook 最小对立对练习(读一读,听辨差别) food /fuːd/ foot /fʊt/  pool /puːl/ pull /pʊl/ sport /spɔːt/ spot /spɒt/  short /ʃɔːt/ shot /ʃɒt/ 单词重音练习 多音节词有一个音节读得特别重,这就是重音。读一读,注意重音落在哪个音节。 1. library interesting family beautiful favourite 2. computer another important together amazing 即学即练 一、按读音给下列单词归类: sport fox food look short shot school good fork clock rule full /ɔː/ ________ /ɒ/ ________ /uː/ ________ /ʊ/ ________ 二、选出元音部分读音与其他三个不同的一项: 1. ( ) A. food B. school C. look D. rule 2. ( ) A. sport B. short C. fork D. fox 3. ( ) A. good B. book C. cook D. food 4. ( ) A. box B. hot C. not D. short (答案见末页) 五、核心句型 一、介绍学校场所 ◆ There is a … in my school. 我们学校有一个…… ◆ There are … in my school. 我们学校有…… ◆ This is our … It is very large. 这是我们的……它很大。 ◆ My school is big and modern. 我们学校又大又现代。 二、说明位置 ◆ The library is in front of the classroom building. 图书馆在教学楼前面。 ◆ The gym is behind the dining hall. 体育馆在餐厅后面。 ◆ The office is between the library and the gym. 办公室在图书馆和体育馆之间。 ◆ The sports field is next to the gym. 运动场紧挨着体育馆。 ◆ The dining hall is across from the library. 餐厅在图书馆对面。 三、询问位置 ◆ Where is the …? ……在哪里? ◆ It's in front of / behind / next to … 它在……前面/后面/旁边。 ◆ Is there a … in this school? — Yes, there is. 这所学校有……吗?——有。 四、评价与感受 ◆ It is large and beautiful. 它又大又漂亮。 ◆ The food in the dining hall is delicious. 餐厅的饭菜很美味。 ◆ That sounds great! / How about your school? 听起来不错!/你的学校呢? 六、语法规则 语法一 there be 句型:某处有某物 汉语说"我们学校有一个图书馆",英语用 there be 句型:There is a library in our school. there be 表示"存在",和 have(拥有)不同,这是本单元的核心句型。 1. there be 与 have 的区别 there be 表示"某处有某物"(存在);have 表示"某人拥有某物"(所属)。 There is a library in our school. 我们学校有一个图书馆。(存在) We have a library. 我们有一个图书馆。(拥有) 2. be 动词的形式:就近原则 there be 后面的 be 动词用 is 还是 are,由紧跟其后的第一个名词决定,这叫"就近原则"。 There is a gym in my school. 我们学校有一个体育馆。(a gym 单数 → is) There are forty classrooms in our school. 我们学校有四十间教室。(forty classrooms 复数 → are) There is a blackboard and two doors in the classroom. 教室里有一块黑板和两扇门。(最近的 a blackboard 单数 → is) There are two doors and a blackboard in the classroom. 教室里有两扇门和一块黑板。(最近的 two doors 复数 → are) 紧跟be后的名词 be动词 例句 单数 / 不可数 is There is a library. / There is some water. 复数 are There are two gyms. 3. 否定句与疑问句 否定句在 be 后加 not;疑问句把 be 提到 there 前面。 There isn't a gym in my school. 我们学校没有体育馆。 Is there a library in your school? — Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. 你们学校有图书馆吗?——有。/没有。 Are there any lockers in the classroom? — Yes, there are. 教室里有储物柜吗?——有。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 There is / are + 名词 + 地点 There is a library in our school. 否定句 There isn't / aren't + 名词 + 地点 There isn't a gym in my school. 一般疑问句 Is / Are there + 名词 + 地点? Is there a library in your school? 简略回答 Yes, there is / are. / No, there isn't / aren't. Yes, there is. 易错辨析 × There have a library in our school. √ There is a library in our school. "某处有"用 there be,不用 have × There is forty classrooms. √ There are forty classrooms. 复数名词前用 are × There is a blackboard and two doors.(问:对吗?) √ 对。就近原则看最近的 a blackboard,用 is。 就近原则只看最近的名词 × Is there any lockers? √ Are there any lockers? lockers 是复数,用 Are 即学即练 1. There ________ (be) a sports field in our school. 2. There ________ (be) two bookcases in the classroom. 3. 改为否定句:There is a gym in my school. 4. 改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答:There are some lockers in the classroom. ⚠ 答题要点 判断 is 还是 are,只看紧跟 there be 后面的那个名词——哪怕后面还有别的名词,也不影响。 语法二 方位介词:说明位置的五个词 说明"某物在哪儿"要用方位介词。本单元要掌握五个:in front of、behind、between、next to、across from。 1. 五个方位介词的含义 下面五个词覆盖了学校场所的位置描述,要能看词想位置、看图说句子。 The library is in front of the classroom building. 图书馆在教学楼前面。 The gym is behind the dining hall. 体育馆在餐厅后面。 The office is between the library and the gym. 办公室在图书馆和体育馆之间。 The sports field is next to the gym. 运动场紧挨着体育馆。 The dining hall is across from the library. 餐厅在图书馆对面。 介词 含义 注意 in front of 在……前面 是"在……外部的前面",与 in the front of 不同 behind 在……后面 in front of 的反义词 between 在……之间 常用 between A and B,只用于两者之间 next to 紧邻;在……近旁 相当于 beside across from 在……对面 相当于 opposite 2. between 与 among between 用于两者之间,among 用于三者或以上之间。 The library is between the gym and the office. 图书馆在体育馆和办公室之间。(两者之间) He is the tallest among the three boys. 他是三个男孩中最高的。(三者之间) 易错辨析 × The library is in the front of the building. √ The library is in front of the building. 在建筑物外面用 in front of × The library is between the gym, the office and the hall. √ The library is between the gym and the office. between 只用于两者之间 × The sports field is next the gym. √ The sports field is next to the gym. next 后必须加 to 即学即练 1. 填空:The gym is ________ (在……后面) the dining hall. 2. 填空:The office is ________ the library and the gym. 3. 翻译:运动场在教学楼前面。 4. 改错:The sports field is next the gym. ⚠ 答题要点 between 后面固定跟 and,只连接两个事物:between A and B。 七、考点突破 一 there be 的就近原则(高频考点) 这是 there be 句型最常考的一点,也是学生最容易错的地方。 规则一 看最近的名词 be 动词的形式由紧跟其后的第一个名词决定。 There is a blackboard and two doors in the classroom. 教室里有一块黑板和两扇门。 There are two doors and a blackboard in the classroom. 教室里有两扇门和一块黑板。 规则二 不可数名词用 is 不可数名词没有复数,用 is。 There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有些水。 There is a lot of information on the notice. 通知上有很多信息。 易错辨析 × There are a blackboard and two doors. √ There is a blackboard and two doors. 最近的 a blackboard 是单数 × There are some water in the bottle. √ There is some water in the bottle. water 不可数 即学即练 1. There ________ a book and two pens on the desk. 2. There ________ two pens and a book on the desk. 3. There ________ some milk in the cup. 4. 改错:There are a gym and two libraries in our school. ⚠ 答题要点 做题时先划出紧跟 there be 的第一个名词,只看它的单复数。 二 in front of 与 in the front of 两个词只差一个 the,意思完全不同,是中考的经典陷阱。 规则一 in front of:在(外部)前面 表示在某个物体外面的前方,两者是分开的。 There is a big tree in front of the building. 楼前面有一棵大树。(树在楼外) 规则二 in the front of:在(内部)前部 表示在某个空间内部的前部,属于这个空间的一部分。 The teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 老师站在教室的前面。(在教室内) 表达 含义 例句 in front of 在(外部)前面 A tree is in front of the building. in the front of 在(内部)前部 He sits in the front of the car. 易错辨析 × There is a tree in the front of the building. √ There is a tree in front of the building. 树在楼外,不加 the × He sits in front of the car. √ He sits in the front of the car. 坐在车内部前座,要加 the 即学即练 1. 填空:There is a flag ________ the building.(旗在楼外) 2. 填空:The driver sits ________ the bus.(司机在车内部前部) ⚠ 答题要点 判断方法:看这个事物在物体的"外面"还是"里面"——外面用 in front of,里面用 in the front of。 三 sound 的用法 sound 是本单元新词,作系动词时后面接形容词,是中考常考点。 规则一 sound + 形容词 sound 作系动词,表示"听起来",后面接形容词,不接副词。 That sounds great! 那听起来太棒了! Your school sounds wonderful. 你的学校听起来很棒。 规则二 sound like + 名词 表示"听起来像……"时,后面用 like 加名词。 It sounds like a good idea. 这听起来像个好主意。 结构 后面接什么 例句 sound + 形容词 形容词 That sounds great! sound like + 名词 名词 It sounds like a good idea. 易错辨析 × That sounds greatly. √ That sounds great. sound 后接形容词 × That sounds a good idea. √ That sounds like a good idea. "像……"要加 like 即学即练 1. 填空:Your new school sounds ________ (wonderful). 2. 改错:It sounds a good idea. ⚠ 答题要点 sound 和 be 动词一样是系动词,后面接形容词,不接副词。 四 most 的两种用法 most 既可作形容词也可作副词,含义不同,是阅读理解的常见考点。 规则一 most + 名词:大多数 作形容词,表示"大多数",后面接名词。 Most students like the dining hall. 大多数学生喜欢这个餐厅。 规则二 the most + 形容词:最…… 作副词,构成最高级,前面加 the。 This is the most important notice. 这是最重要的通知。 用法 词性 例句 most + 名词 形容词(大多数) Most students like it. the most + 形容词 副词(最……) the most important notice most of + the/代词 代词(……中的大多数) Most of us like it. 易错辨析 × The most students like it. √ Most students like it. "大多数"不加 the × This is most important notice. √ This is the most important notice. 最高级前加 the 即学即练 1. 填空:________ students in our class like sports.(大多数) 2. 改错:The most students go to school by bike. ⚠ 答题要点 "大多数……"用 most,前面不加 the;"最……的"用 the most。 八、文化小贴士 1. 相关国家与地名 英文 中文 说明 do exercises 做体操 中国学校早晨的常见活动 raise the flag 升国旗 每周一早晨的仪式 2. 文化差异 标题 内容 校园设施 英美的学校通常有 locker(个人储物柜),学生不用背书包来回走 教室布置 英美的教室常见 whiteboard(白板)和 smart screen(智能屏幕) 3. 相关表达 英文 中文 说明 dining hall 餐厅 学校食堂,也可说 school canteen delicious 美味的 夸饭菜好吃常用词 九、写作指导 任务一 介绍我的学校 假设你要向笔友介绍你的学校,请写一段话。 要求:1. 说明学校大不大、新不新;2. 介绍 2—3 个场所及位置;    3. 写一句你的感受;4. 词数 60 左右。 段落提纲 段落 内容 可套用句型 第一段 总体印象 My school is big and modern. / My school is not very big, but it is beautiful. 第二段 场所与位置 There is a … in my school. It is in front of / behind / next to … 第三段 我最喜欢的地方 My favourite place is the …. It is …. 结尾 感受 I like my school very much. 参考答案 一、语音过关答案 一、/ɔː/ sport, short, fork /ɒ/ fox, shot, clock /uː/ food, school, rule /ʊ/ look, good, full 二、1. C(look 是 /ʊ/) 2. D(fox 是 /ɒ/) 3. D(food 是 /uː/) 4. D(short 是 /ɔː/) 二、语法规则 即学即练答案 语法一 there be 句型 1. is(a sports field 单数) 2. are(two bookcases 复数) 3. There isn't a gym in my school. 4. Are there any lockers in the classroom? — Yes, there are. 语法二 方位介词 1. behind 2. between 3. The sports field is in front of the classroom building. 4. next → next to 三、考点突破 即学即练答案 考点一 就近原则 1. is(最近的 a book 单数) 2. are(最近的 two pens 复数) 3. is(milk 不可数) 4. are → is(最近的 a gym 单数) 考点二 in front of 与 in the front of 1. in front of(楼外) 2. in the front of(车内部) 考点三 sound 的用法 1. wonderful 2. sounds a good idea → sounds like a good idea 考点四 most 的用法 1. Most 2. The most → Most 四、写作指导 参考范文 Dear Flora, How are you? Let me tell you about my school. My school is big and modern. There are thirty classrooms and a large library in my school. The library is in front of the classroom building, and the dining hall is behind it. The gym is next to the sports field. We do exercises there every morning. My favourite place is the library. It is quiet and there are a lot of books. The food in the dining hall is delicious too. I like my school very much. How about yours? Yours, Li Hua 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit3 My School 知识精讲 2026~2027学年人教版英语七年级上册
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Unit3 My School 知识精讲 2026~2027学年人教版英语七年级上册
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Unit3 My School 知识精讲 2026~2027学年人教版英语七年级上册
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