Unit 4 Our Memory (Section B) 核心知识点精讲精练-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

Unit 4 Our Memory 核心知识点精讲 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. boost one’s memory 增强记忆力 2. to start with 首先 3. make a phone call 打电话 4. make sure 确保；查明 5. some clever memory techniques 一些巧妙的记忆技巧 6. lead a healthy life 过健康的生活 7. take a look 看一看 8. pay attention 注意；留心 9. fail to do 未能做……；做某事失败 10. take notes 记笔记 11. write down key points 记下要点 12. after all 毕竟；终究 13. wear out 使疲乏；磨损 14. take a break 休息一下 15. discuss...with... 和…… 讨论…… 16. make use of 利用 17. mind map 思维导图 18. in addition 此外；另外 19. last but not least 最后但同样重要的是 20. stay healthy 保持健康 21. reduce stress and anxiety 减轻压力与焦虑 22. online bank account 网上银行账户 23. make up 编造；组成；化妆；弥补 24. picture images 构想图像；想象画面 25. react to... 对…… 作出反应 26. price increase 涨价；价格上涨 27. start over 重新开始 28. die from 死于（外因） 29. at once 立刻；马上 30. go through 浏览；经历；检查 31. run out 用完；耗尽 32. happen to 碰巧；发生在…… 身上 33. keep in mind 记住；牢记 34. find out 查明；弄清楚 35. in order 整齐；有序 36. divide sth into 把某物分为 37. move on to 继续进行；转入（下一话题） 38. have confidence in 对…… 有信心 2、 重点词汇解析 1. boost /buːst/v. & n. 促进；使增长；帮助；增长 [词汇搭配] boost your memory 增强你的记忆力；boost one’s confidence 增强信心 [词汇例句] The new policy will boost local development. 这项新政策将会促进当地的发展。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Doing exercise can ________ your memory and make you study better. A．explore B．discover C．encourage D．boost 【答案】D 【详解】句意：做锻炼可以增强你的记忆力，让你学习更好。 explore探索；discover发现；encourage鼓励；boost增强。根据“Doing exercise can... your memory”可知锻炼能对记忆力产生积极影响，boost意为“增强、促进”，符合语境。 2. short-term /ˌʃɔːt ˈtɜːm/adj. 短期的 long-term /ˌlɒŋ ˈtɜːm/adj. 长期的 [词汇拓展] term (n) 学期；期限；in the long/short/medium term长/短/中期内 [词汇搭配] short-term memory 短期记忆；long-term plan 长期计划；short-term goal 短期目标 [词汇例句] We need both short-term and long-term plans. 我们既需要短期计划，也需要长期计划。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Review the new words in time, or they will soon disappear from your ________ memory. A．stable B．active C．short-term D．long-term 【答案】C 【详解】句意：及时复习生词，否则它们很快就会从你的短期记忆中消失。 stable稳定的；active活跃的；short-term短期的；long-term长期的。根据“Review the new words in time, or...”可知此处表示“否则”，隐含“如果不及时复习”之意，结合“soon disappear”可知单词会很快遗忘，说明它们还停留在短期记忆中，尚未转化为长期记忆。 3. likely /ˈlaɪkli/adv. 很可能 adj. 可能的 [词汇拓展] <比较级>more likely；<最高级>most likely；unlikely (adj.)不可能的；likelihood (n.)可能性； possible(adj.)可能的 [词汇搭配] be likely to do sth 很可能做某事；It is likely that… 很可能… as likely as not 很可能；most/very likely很可能 not likely（尤用于回答他人）绝不可能，绝对不会 [词汇例句] As likely as not she's forgotten all about it.她很可能把这事忘得一干二净了。。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 If you stick to your dream, you will ________ achieve it one day. A．mainly B．hardly C．heavily D．likely 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你坚持自己的梦想，你总有一天很可能会实现它。 mainly主要地；hardly几乎不；heavily沉重地；likely很可能。结合语境，坚持梦想的前提下，未来实现梦想是有很大可能性的，likely符合语义逻辑。 4. discuss /dɪˈskʌs/v. 讨论；谈论；商量 [词汇拓展] discussion (n.) 讨论；商讨 [词汇搭配] discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事；discuss the problem 讨论问题 have a discussion 进行讨论 [词汇用法] · discuss不用做不及物动词，后接谈论的事物 We will discuss our travel plan tomorrow. 我们明天将讨论我们的旅行计划。 · discuss后可接wh-从句 We need to discuss when we should go.我们需要商量一下什么时候动身。 · discuss后可接-ing短语 We briefly discussed buying a second car.我们草草商量过再买一辆汽车的事儿。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 — We are making the rules for the school sports day. — Why not ________ together? Everyone should have a chance to share their ideas. A．explain B．discuss C．separate D．question 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们正在制定校运动会的规则。——为什么不一起讨论呢？每个人都应该有机会分享他们的想法。 explain解释；discuss讨论；separate分开；question质疑。根据“Everyone should have a chance to share their ideas.”可知，每个人都应分享想法，推测出建议大家一起讨论，应填discuss。 5. organize /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/(=organise) v. 处理；组织 [词汇拓展] organization(n.)组织；机构；organizer (n.)组织者；organized (adj.)有条理的 [词汇搭配] organize a meeting 组织会议；organize information 整理信息 [词汇例句] He will organize a school party this weekend. 这周末他将要组织一场校园派对。 [随学随练] 用organize的适当形式填空。 ．—The Student Union is going to ______ a welcome party for freshmen next week. —That’s great! I hope I can help with the preparations. A．require B．attend C．interview D．organize 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——学生会下周将要组织一个新生欢迎派对。——太好了！我希望我能帮忙准备。 require要求；attend参加；interview采访；organize组织。根据答语“I hope I can help with the preparations.”可知，说话人希望帮忙准备，说明学生会是举办方，需要组织活动，所以用organize。 6. view /vjuː/v. 看；观看 n. 观点；视野；风景 [词汇拓展] viewer (n.)观看者；观众 ；viewpoint (n.)观点 [词汇搭配] in my view在我看来；in view of sth鉴于；考虑到；由于 have a good view 视野好；come into view映入眼帘；a sea/mountain view 海/山景 view … as … 把… 看作… [词汇例句] In my view, this method works well. 在我看来，这个方法很管用。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) 依我看，事情不会改变。 In my view things won't change... (2) 由于天气的缘故，这项赛事将在室内进行。 In view of the weather, the event will now be held indoors. (3) 那湖很快映入眼帘。 The lake soon came into view . (4) 我看不清舞台。 I didn't have a good view of the stage. (5) 她把阅读看作减轻压力的好方法。 She views reading as a good way to reduce stress. 7. effective /ɪˈfektɪv/adj. 有效的 [词汇拓展] effect (n.)效果；影响；ineffective(adj.) 无效的；effectively(adv.)有效地；事实上 effectiveness(n.)有效性 [词汇搭配] an effective way 有效的方法 [词汇例句] Reading is an effective way to learn English. 阅读是学习英语的一种有效方法。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Reviewing lessons on time is an ________ way to remember things. A．anxious B．wild C．likely D．effective 【答案】D 【详解】句意：按时复习功课是记住事情的一种有效方法。 anxious焦虑的；wild野生的；likely可能的；effective有效的。根据“Reviewing lessons on time”和“way to remember things”可知按时复习是记住事情的有效方法，应填effective。 8. anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/n. 焦虑；担心 [词汇拓展] anxious (adj.)焦虑的；担忧的；anxiously(adv.)焦虑地 [词汇搭配] reduce anxiety 缓解焦虑；deep anxiety深深的忧虑；with anxiety 焦虑地 [词汇用法] · anxiety表示“焦虑”时，描述的是一种状态，用作不可数名词。 Her anxiety made it hard to sleep. 她的焦虑让她难以入睡。 · anxiety表示“担心，忧虑”时，用作可数名词。 If you're worried about your health, share your anxieties with your doctor. 你要是担心自己的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Too much test pressure will cause learning ________ for teenagers. A．anxiety B．balance C．shortage D．discovery 【答案】A 【详解】句意：过多的考试压力会导致青少年学习焦虑。 anxiety焦虑；balance平衡；shortage短缺；discovery发现。结合“Too much test pressure”可知，压力过大通常会导致负面情绪，learning anxiety意为“学习焦虑”，符合语境。应填anxiety。 9. address /əˈdres/n. 地址 v.写(收信人)姓名地址，寄给；发表演讲；向...说话；设法解决，处理 [词汇搭配] home address 家庭住址；write down the address 写下地址 [词汇例句] Please write your name and address on the paper. 请在纸上写下你的姓名和地址。 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中address的中文意思 (1) I'll give you my address and phone number. (n.) 地址，住址 (2) The headmaster will address at the opening. (v.)发表演讲 (3) I was surprised when he addressed me in English. (v.)向...说话 (4) The letter was correctly addressed, but delivered(运送) to the wrong house. (v.) 写(收信人)姓名地址；寄给 (5) You should explain your actions calmly and address their worries. (v.) 设法解决，处理 10. account /əˈkaʊnt/n. 账户，账目；描述； v.认为是；视为 [词汇拓展] account v. 认为；解释 take … into account 把…… 考虑在内 [词汇搭配] online bank account 线上银行账户；by/from all accounts据说；根据报道 of no/little account不重要；无足轻重；on account of sb/sth由于；因为 take account of sth / take sth into account 考虑到；顾及 account for sth 是…的说明（或原因）；解释，说明；（数量上、比例上）占 [随学随练] 用account的相关表达翻译或补全句子 (1) 天气不好可能是人来得少的原因。 The poor weather may account for the small crowd. (2) 通过观看电影学英语的人数占30%。 The number of people learning English by watching films accounts for 30%. (3) 她详尽地叙述了昨天所发生的事情。 She gave a full account of what happened yesterday. (4) 我从未去过那里，但据说是个美丽的地方。 I've never been there, but it's a lovely place, by /from all accounts. (5) 由于天气恶劣，我们推迟了活动。 We put off the event on account of the bad weather. 11. increase n. /ˈɪŋkriːs/ 增长；v. /ɪnˈkriːs/ 增加 [词汇拓展] increasing (adj.)不断增长的；increased(adj.)增加的；decrease (v. / n.) 减少 [词汇搭配] price increase价格上涨；an increase in … … 方面的增长；on the increase 正在增加 increase by 增长了(比例)； increase to 增长到； [随学随练] 用increase的相关表达翻译或补全句子 (1) 人口已从120万增加到了180万。 The population has increased from 1.2 million to 1.8 million. (2) 他们已经把价格提高了50%。 They've increased the price by 50%. (3) 过去五年，私家车数量稳步增长。 The past five years have seen a stable increase in the number of private cars. (4) 污染正在增加。 Light pollution is on the increase. /Light pollution is increasing. 12. blood /blʌd/n. 血 [词汇拓展] bloody (adj.) 流血的；血腥的；bleed(v.)流血 hot-blooded(adj.)易激动的；血气方刚的 [词汇搭配] lost a lot of blood流了很多血；blood pressure 血压；give blood 献血 sb's blood is up怒气冲天；怒从心上来；怒不可遏 make sb's blood boil使某人怒不可遏 freeze your blood / make your blood freeze 使人恐怖万分；令人毛骨悚然 Blood is thicker than water(saying)血浓于水；亲属关系最牢靠 like getting blood out of/from a stone水中捞月；缘木求鱼 [词汇例句] Blood was pouring out of a cut on her head. 血不断地从她头上的伤口中涌出。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —The patient has just lost a great deal of ________ and needs operating on as soon as possible. —What? Call the doctor at once. A．food B．water C．blood D．support 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个病人刚流了很多血，需要尽快做手术。——什么？马上联系医生。 考查名词辨析。food食物；water水；blood血液；support支持。根据“needs operating”以及“Call the doctor at once”可知，病人失血过多。故选C。 13. wound /wuːnd/n. 伤口；创伤；v. 使受伤 [词汇拓展] wounded (adj.)受伤的 [词汇搭配] die from his wounds因伤而死去；a head wound头伤 [词汇辨析] · wound指使身体受伤，尤指用武器伤害 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack. 这次袭击中有50人受重伤。 · injure尤指在事故中伤害、使受伤 He injured his knee playing hockey. 他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。 · hurt指（使）疼痛、受伤。在事故中受伤可用hurt或injure。hurt强调引起的身体疼痛，injure强调身体部位受到某种程度的伤害。 Did you hurt yourself? 你伤着自己了吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Mum, Jimmy’s finger is cut by a knife! —Let me see. What a deep ________! Run cold water over it to stop the ________ first! A．ache; bleed B．wound; bleed C．wound; bleeding D．ache; bleeding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，吉米的手指被刀割破了！——让我看看。多深的伤口啊！先用凉水冲洗它来止住流血！ 第一空，根据“Let me see”可知是查看可见的伤势，wound意为“伤口”，ache意为“疼痛”，此处指看得见的伤口，故用wound；第二空，stop the bleeding为固定搭配，意为“止血”，bleeding在此作名词，bleed为动词。故选C。 14. wild /waɪld/adj. 野生的；自然生长的；缺乏管教的，无法无天的；热衷于… [词汇拓展] wildlife (n. )野生动植物；wildly (adv.) 疯狂地；失控地 [词汇搭配] wild geese野鹅；wild animals 野生动物；in the wild 在野外； a wild boy缺乏管教的男孩；be wild about对...着迷的 run wild自由生长，任其发展；恣意妄为，变得狂野 [词汇例句] Many wild animals live in the forest. 许多野生动物生活在森林里。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Many ________ animals are in danger because people cut down too many trees. A．wild B．wounded C．likely D．effective 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多野生动物处于危险之中，因为人们砍伐了太多的树木。 wild野生的；wounded受伤的；likely可能的；effective有效的。根据“because people cut down too many trees”可知，砍伐树木破坏了生存环境，导致“野生的”动物面临危险，应填wild。 15. recognize (=recognise) /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/v. 辨认出；认可 [词汇拓展] recognition (n.)认出；认可 [词汇搭配] recognize voices of other dolphins 认出其他海豚的声音 be recognized as...被公认为是...；被赏识 [词汇例句] I recognized him as soon as he came in the room.他一进屋我就认出了他。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 At the party, it took Sarah a long time to finally ________ her childhood friend, whose looks had changed so much. A．realize B．suppose C．recognize D．believe 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在派对上，Sarah花了很久的时间才最终认出了她儿时的伙伴，她的长相变化很大。 考查动词辨析。realize实现；suppose假设；recognize认出；believe相信。根据“it took Sarah a long time to finally...her childhood friend, whose looks had changed so much.”可知，因为Sarah儿时的伙伴长相变化很大所以花了很久的时间才最终认出了她。故选C。 16. divide /dɪˈvaɪd/v. 把 …… 分成；除以；除 [词汇拓展] division(n.)分歧；分开；除法；divisive(adj.)造成不和的;引起分歧的 [词汇搭配] divide...into...把...分成；dividing line 分界线,界限；divide...from...把...和...隔开 divide thirty by six将30除以6 [词汇例句] It’s good to divide housework into different parts.把家务活分成不同的部分是件好事。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) If a task seems too difficult, you can ________ it into several small steps. A．memorize B．keep C．divide D．increase 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果一项任务看起来太难，你可以把它划分成几个小步骤。 memorize记忆；keep保持；divide分开，划分；increase增加。根据“into several small steps”可知，此处指把困难的任务分解成小步骤，divide...into... “把……分成……”是固定搭配，应填divide。 (2) To finish the work in time, the leader plans to divide the volunteers ________ different groups. A．with B．on C．into D．of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了及时完成这项工作，领队计划把志愿者分成不同的小组。 with和……一起；on 在……上面；into 到……里面；of……的。根据题干中的“divide the volunteers...different groups”可知，此处考查固定短语divide...into...，意为“把……分成……”，应填into。 17. fully /ˈfʊli/adv. 完全地 [词汇拓展] full (adj.) 满的；完全的；fill(v.)填满 [词汇搭配] fully recall it 完全记起它；fully prepared 准备充分的 [词汇例句] She was fully aware of my thoughts...她完全清楚我的想法。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 After practising the whole afternoon, she could ________ remember every word of the poem. A．hardly B．fully C．unluckily D．suddenly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：练习了整个下午后，她能完全记得这首诗的每一个字。 hardly几乎不；fully完全地；unluckily不幸地；suddenly突然地。根据“After practising the whole afternoon”可知经过整个下午的练习，推测出她能完全记住每一个字，应填fully。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 嵌套结构 (教材原句)How do you make sure what you learn enters your long-term memory? 此句中“what you learn enters your long-term memory”作make sure后的宾语，是一个宾语从句，而这个宾语从句中的主语是“what you learn ”，本身也是一个句子，用作主语，是一个主语从句。像这样，从句中套从句的结构称之为“嵌套结构”。 如：She told me that she would practise the speech when she had free time.她告诉我有空时会练习演讲稿。 2. 定语从句 (教材原句)Short-term memory helps you remember things that you may only need for a short time, like phone numbers when you need to make a phone call. 此句“that you may only need for a short time”修饰前面的things作定语，是一个定语从句。先行词(被修饰的名词)是物时，用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。先行词是人时，用that或who来引导定语从句。 如：He is the man who can help you solve the problem.他是能帮你解决问题的人。 3. 宾语从句 (教材原句)This helped me find out which parts of the speech I needed to work on the most. (教材原句)Last week, I decided to find out what the right way is to memorize a speech. which parts of the speech.... the most 和what the right way...a speech都是由疑问词引导的宾语从句。一般疑问代词what,which,who等引导宾语从句在从句中充当主干成分。疑问副词how,where,when等引导宾语从句在从句中不充当主干成分，而是充当状语。 如：Do you know who will give the speech? 你知道谁将要发表演讲吗？ Could you tell me where I can store this information in my brain? 译：你能告诉我大脑可以把这些信息 储存在哪里吗？ 4. 比较状语从句 (教材原句)The more you review what you learn, the more likely you will remember it. 这是一个常见的比较状语从句，其结构为“The+比较级..., the+比较级...”，表示“越...就越...”。 如：The more you repeat what you practise, the better your memory will be. 你重复练习的内容越多，记忆力 就越好。 4、 其他知识解析 1. 过去分词作定语 (教材原句)For example, listening to recorded information can be very effective. recorded 是过去分词作前置定语，修饰名词 information，表被动与完成含义“被录制下来的”。 如：He picked up the broken glass carefully. 他小心捡起碎玻璃。 2. 状语从句的省略 (教材原句)He is likely to die from his wounds if not treated at once. 此句中if not treated at once的完整形式为if if he is not treated at once。在状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有 be 动词，可省略从句主语和be 动词，变成引导词后接谓语动词形式。 如：When (you are) practising the speech, pay attention to your pronunciation. 练习演讲的时候，留意你的发 音。 3. picture用法 (教材原文) picturing images picture 此处用作动词，意为 “想象；描绘”，picturing 是动名词形式。 如：Try to picture the scene while you memorize the text. 背诵课文时试着想象这个场景。 4. success用法 (教材原句)... my speech today was a great success. 此句中success 指的是my speech是成功的，表示 “一件成功的事；一次成功的活动”。当一些表示抽象概念的不可数名词表示具体的某件事时，通常用作可数名词。 如：Failure is the mother of success.（泛指“失败”，用作不可数名词） The speech was a failure.（特制“the speech”这件具体的事，用作可数名词） 5. like作连词 (教材原句)Your brain needs food like an engine needs fuel. 此句中like 此处用作连词，后接句子，意为“正如，就像”，用来类比两件事。 如：No one sings the blues like she did.没人像她那样唱布鲁斯。 6. 强调谓语 (教材原句)If I do forget some words, I shouldn’t panic. 此句中do forget是对谓语动词进行的强调，在谓语动词前加do/does/did表示强调，可译为“确实、真得”，谓语动词要用动词原形。 如：Listening to music does help me relax. 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The number of the club members has i________ (增加) from twenty to fifty this term. 【答案】increased/ncreased 【详解】句意：这学期俱乐部成员的数量已经从20人增加到50人。根据汉语和首字母提示，increase“增加”。空格前“has”为现在完成时结构，此处需用动词过去分词，应填increased。 (2) Too much sugar can raise your ________ (血液) pressure. 【答案】blood 【详解】句意：摄入过多糖分会导致血压升高。“血液”对应的英文单词是blood，固定搭配blood pressure意为“血压”。 (3) _________ (有效的) communication is the key to building a strong relationship. 【答案】Effective 【详解】句意：有效的沟通是建立牢固关系的关键。“有效的”effective，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词communication，句首单词首字母大写。 (4) Sometimes stress and a________ (焦虑) can get in the way of creativity. 【答案】anxiety/nxiety 【详解】句意：有时压力与焦虑会阻碍创造力的发挥。根据句意和首字母a提示以及括号内提示词“焦虑”可知，anxiety“焦虑、忧虑”，抽象名词（不可数），在句中与stress由and连接构成并列主语（stress and anxiety），anxiety本身不可数，故填anxiety。 (5) After years of research, we don’t ________ (完全地) understand how the complex brain works. 【答案】fully 【详解】句意：经过多年的研究，我们仍然没有完全弄懂复杂的大脑是如何运作的。句中空格位于助动词don’t和实义动词understand之间，需要填入一个副词来修饰动词understand，在句中作状语。根据括号中的中文提示“完全地”，其对应的英语副词为fully，符合本句的语法和语义要求。故填fully。 (6) Clean oil can protect the ________ (发动机) and make it last much longer. 【答案】engine 【详解】句意：洁净的机油可以保护发动机，延长它的使用寿命。所给中文提示“发动机”，对应的英文为名词engine。后文用it指代，此处用单数名词。 (7) You can write down your plans in your ________ (笔记本). 【答案】notebook 【详解】句意：你可以把你的计划写在你的笔记本上。根据汉语提示可知，“笔记本”用notebook表示。结合空前的“your”以及语境可知，本句表示个人日常使用的那一本笔记本，故填notebook单数形式。 (8) I sent a postcard to my friend, but I forgot to write the ________ (地址) on it. 【答案】address 【详解】句意：我给我的朋友寄了一张明信片，但我忘记在上面写地址了。根据汉语提示可知，“地址”翻译为address。句中空格前有定冠词the修饰，且指代单数概念（一张明信片上的地址），因此应用名词单数形式，应填address。 (9) After climbing for two hours, they enjoyed a wonderful ________ (视野) from the top of the mountain. 【答案】view 【详解】句意：攀爬两小时之后，他们在山顶欣赏到了绝美的视野。括号内中文提示“视野”对应名词view，为单数名词；句中形容词wonderful修饰名词，前面有不定冠词a，需要使用名词单数形式，故填view。 (10) Tom opened a new bank ________ (账户) so that he could keep his pocket money safe. 【答案】account 【详解】句意：汤姆开了一个新的银行账户，以便能把零花钱妥善存放。句中“bank”作定语修饰名词，“账户”的英文单词为account，前面有a，用单数形式，符合语境。故填account。 (11) The nurse put a bandage on his small ________ (伤口) to keep it clean and safe. 【答案】wound 【详解】句意：护士在他小小的伤口上缠上绷带，以保持伤口洁净和安全。wound意为“伤口”，多指外力造成的伤口，外伤。后文代词it指代单数名词，此处指代伤口，说明是一处伤口，small是形容词，修饰名词，故填wound。 (12) No one is allowed to catch ________ (野生的) birds in the forest. 【答案】wild 【详解】句意：任何人都不允许在森林里捕捉野生鸟类。空格后面是名词birds，需要使用形容词来修饰名词，“野生的”对应的英文单词是wild。 (13) Enough sleep is helpful in ________ (促进) your memory and learning speed. 【答案】boosting 【详解】句意：充足的睡眠有助于促进你的记忆和学习速度。“促进”对应的英文是boost，介词in后应跟动名词boosting作宾语。 (14) When you enjoy a story, you’re more ________ (可能的) to remember its details. 【答案】likely 【详解】句意：当你沉浸在一个故事中时，你更有可能记住它的细节。根据“you’re more....to”及所给汉语可知，此处用likely表示“可能的”，be likely to do sth“有可能做某事”，固定用法。 (15) They held a public meeting to d________ (讨论) how to improve the neighborhood. 【答案】discuss/iscuss 【详解】句意：他们召开了一场公开会议来讨论如何改善这个社区。空前是不定式符号to，后接动词原形。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，“讨论”用动词discuss。故填discuss。 (16) The teacher has _________ (组织) a trip to the museum for us. 【答案】organized 【详解】句意：老师已经为我们组织了一次去博物馆的旅行。根据汉语提示“组织”可知，此处应填动词organize。由助动词has可知，时态为现在完成时，故用过去分词organized。 (17) Dogs can easily r________ their owners’ voices after years apart. (辨认出) 【答案】recognize/ecognize 【详解】句意：狗在分别多年后也能轻易辨认出主人的声音。“辨认出”译为recognize，can后接动词原形，recognize用原形。应填recognize。 (18) It is said that eating ________（坚果）each day is a simple and healthy habit and it benefits our bones a lot. 【答案】nuts 【详解】句意：据说每天吃坚果是简单又健康的习惯，对我们的骨骼大有裨益。中文坚果对应单词nut；此处表泛指一类事物，需用复数形式nuts。 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) I have written down their different e-mail _________. (address) 【答案】addresses 【详解】句意：我已经把他们的不同电子邮箱地址记下来了。根据“their different”可知，此处需要用可数名词的复数形式，address“地址”，可数名词，复数为addresses。故填addresses。 (2) There has been _________ increase in the sales of this product. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：这款产品的销量有所增长。本句为there be句型的现在完成时结构，句中increase是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一次增长”，需要填入不定冠词修饰increase。不定冠词分为a和an，a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。increase的发音以元音音素开头，因此应使用an。 (3) Without thinking twice, they sent the ________ (wound) man to hospital at once. 【答案】wounded 【详解】句意：他们没有多想，立刻把那个受伤的人送到了医院。此处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰名词man。wound的形容词形式需在词尾加ed，故填wounded。 (4) He didn’t ________ (full) understand the problem until the teacher gave an example. 【答案】fully 【详解】句意：直到老师举了一个例子，他才完全理解了这个问题。空后为动词“understand”，此处需用副词修饰动词作状语。所给词full为形容词，表示“完全的；充分的”，其对应的副词形式为fully，表示“完全地；充分地”。 (5) Good plans won’t work unless we carry them out ________ (effective) in our daily life. 【答案】effectively 【详解】句意：除非我们在日常生活中有效地执行，否则好的计划是不起作用的。effective意为“有效的”，是形容词，此处修饰动词短语carry them out，需要用副词。effective的副词形式是effectively，意为“有效地”。 (6) The hard work of volunteers finally got public ________ (recognize) and more people joined them. 【答案】recognition 【详解】句意：志愿者的辛劳付出最终获得了公众的认可，更多的人加入了他们。空前有及物动词“got”及形容词“public”，提示此处需填入名词作动词“got”的宾语；所给词recognize为动词，意为“认可；承认”，其对应的名词形式为recognition，为不可数名词。 (7) The more carefully you review, the ________ it is to recall the details. (easy) 【答案】easier 【详解】句意：你复习得越仔细，回忆细节就越容易。本句是“the+比较级…，the+比较级…”的固定结构，表示“越……就越……”，easy的比较级是easier，表示“更容易的”，因此填easier。 (8) Mike’s parents felt ________ (anxiety) when he came home late. 【答案】anxious 【详解】句意：迈克回家很晚的时候，他的父母感到很焦虑。括号内单词anxiety为名词，意为“焦虑”；felt是feel的过去式，属于系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，anxiety对应的形容词形式是anxious，意为“焦虑的” (9) The two new ________ (mall) in our town opened on the same day. 【答案】malls 【详解】句意：我们镇上的两家新商场在同一天开业了。括号内给出的单词mall是可数名词，意为“商场、购物中心”，空格前有基数词two（两个）修饰，说明此处需要使用mall的复数形式；mall属于常规可数名词，变复数直接在词尾加s即可，因此答案为malls。 (10) My father is an ________ (organize) manager and everything goes well. 【答案】organized 【详解】句意：我父亲是一位有条理的经理，一切事情都进展顺利。空格处位于冠词an和名词manager之间，因此空格处需填一个形容词。提示词是动词“organize”翻译为“组织”，需将其变为形容词形式organized翻译为“有条理的”来修饰manager，符合语境。故填organized。 (11) The new software failed ________ (work) properly on the older computer. 【答案】to work 【详解】句意：这个新软件在旧电脑上无法正常运行。fail to do sth.“未能做某事”，此处动词不定式to work符合句意。 (12) They discussed ________ the importance of travel safety. 【答案】about 【详解】句意：他们讨论了旅行安全的重要性。 根据“discussed”及“the importance of travel safety”的结构，此处需用“discuss about sth.”表示“讨论某事”，是固定搭配。故填about。 (13) We had a long ________ (discuss) about how to improve our learning ways. 【答案】discussion 【详解】句意：我们进行了一场长时间的讨论，内容是关于如何改进我们的学习方法。句中a long后面需要接名词，discuss是动词，它的名词形式是discussion，故填discussion。 (14) Reading common texts is more effective than ________ (view) pictures. 【答案】viewing 【详解】句意：阅读普通文本比观看图片更有效。than前后比较对象形式保持一致，前面是动名词Reading，括号内提示词view，要变为动名词viewing。 (15) The children ran _________ (wild) when they heard the dog barking. 【答案】wildly 【详解】句意：孩子们听见狗叫声疯狂地跑。动词“ran”用副词修饰，句子表达“疯狂地”用“wild”的副词形式“wildly”。故填wildly。 (16) The farmers divided the big field _________ small parts to grow different kinds of crops. 【答案】into 【详解】句意：农民们把这块大田分成小块来种植不同种类的作物。根据“divided the big field...small parts”可知，此处考查固定搭配divide...into...，表示“把……分成……”，所以空处应填入介词into。 3. 单项填空 (1) —I’m afraid your explanation sounds unbelievable.                             —Actually, I didn’t ________ the story. Everything I told you is true. A．make up B．wear out C．help with D．break down 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——恐怕你的解释听起来难以置信。——事实上，我没有编造这个故事。我告诉你的一切都是真的。 make up编造；wear out磨损，耗尽；help with在……方面帮忙；break down出故障。根据后文“Everything I told you is true”可知，这里表达没有编造故事，用make up。 (2) The soldier was badly ________ in the fight, so he was sent to hospital at once. A．increased B．wounded C．recognized D．shopped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这名士兵在战斗中受了重伤，所以他立刻被送往了医院。 increased增加；wounded受伤；recognized认出；shopped购物。根据“so he was sent to hospital at once”可知，士兵需要立即就医，说明在战斗中受伤严重。 (3) —How was the party last night? —It was ________! Everyone had a really great time singing and dancing. A．general B．typical C．boring D．wild 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨晚的派对怎么样？——太狂热了！每个人都唱得很开心，跳得很开心。 考查形容词辨析。general整体的；typical典型的；boring无聊的；wild狂热的。根据“Everyone had a really great time singing and dancing.”可知，每个人都唱跳很开心，因此应指派对很狂热。故选D。 (4) Yuan Longping’s world-famous hybrid rice technology has ________ the rice production in many developing countries by over 20% over the past few decades. A．increased B．developed C．produced D．discovered 【答案】A 【详解】句意：袁隆平世界著名的杂交水稻技术在过去几十年里使许多发展中国家的水稻产量增加了超过20%。 increased增加；developed发展；produced生产；discovered发现。根据“by over 20%”可知，此处表示产量数值上的增长，意为“增加”。所以选A。 (5) —Our government is taking action to ________ the air pollution.                             —Yes. More new-energy buses will be in use soon. A．address B．promise C．receive D．match 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们的政府正在采取行动解决空气污染问题。——是的。更多新能源公交车很快将会投入使用。 address解决；promise承诺；receive收到；match匹配。后文提到新增新能源公交车，这是治理空气污染的实际举措，address符合语境。 (6) Can you give me a clear ________ of why you were late again? A．account B．mood C．pressure D．judgment 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能清楚地解释一下你为什么又迟到了吗？ account解释，说明；mood心情；pressure压力；judgment判断。根据“why you were late again”可知询问迟到原因，需要对方给出说明，give an account of为固定搭配，意为“说明，解释”，符合语境。 (7) People who eat more vegetables are less ________ to get ill. A．effective B．familiar C．likely D．stable 【答案】C 【详解】句意：多吃蔬菜的人不太容易生病。 effective有效的；familiar熟悉的；likely可能的；stable稳定的。根据“People who eat more vegetables”可知多吃蔬菜有益健康，推测出生病的几率降低。be likely to do sth.意为“可能做某事”，likely符合语境。 (8) In my ________, knowledge is much more valuable than money. A．view B．belief C．principle D．wisdom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我的观点中，知识比金钱更有价值。 view观点；belief信念；principle原则；wisdom智慧。固定搭配“In one’s view”意为“在某人看来”，固定短语，符合语境。 (9) Before the meeting starts, the manager needs to ________ all the documents to make sure there are no mistakes. A．go through B．look up C．put away D．take off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：会议开始之前，经理需要仔细检查所有文件以确保没有错误。 go through仔细检查；look up查阅；put away收起来；take off脱下。根据“to make sure there are no mistakes”可知，为了确保没有错误，需要仔细检查文件。应填go through。 (10) The book is interesting.________, it teaches us a meaningful life lesson. A．In addition B．For example C．At least D．After all 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这本书很有趣。此外，它还教给我们一个有意义的人生道理。 In addition此外；For example例如；At least至少；After all毕竟。根据“The book is interesting”和“it teaches us a meaningful life lesson”可知此处是在前一句基础上补充说明，应填In addition。 4. 短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Keeping a good memory is not hard if we know how. First, we should 1 (organize) our time well. When the teacher is 2 (speak), we should listen carefully. Second, it is wise for us 3 (review) lessons on time. Third, we can 4 (divide) the long text into small parts. My friend learns words by 5 (retell) them in her own words. She says that this method is very 6 (effect). Last month, she 7 (win) the school word contest. Her success made me 8 (recall) my old bad habit. Now I have also made great 9 (progress) in remembering things. I believe that with good habits, everyone can 10 (increase) his or her memory power. 【答案】 1．organize 2．speaking 3．to review 4．divide 5．retelling 6．effective 7．won 8．recall 9．progress 10．increase 【导语】本文介绍几种提升记忆力的方法，并且分享朋友借助方法记忆单词取得成功的事例。 【详解】 1．句意：首先，我们应该好好安排我们的时间。情态动词should后面接动词原形，organize“组织，安排”，故填organize。 2．句意：当老师正在讲话的时候，我们应该认真听讲。本句是现在进行时，结构为“be + 现在分词”；空前be动词是is，后面需要接动词的现在分词形式，speak“说，讲话”的现在分词是speaking，故填speaking。 3．句意：其次，按时复习功课对我们来说是明智的。固定句型“it is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，此处要填动词不定式形式，review“复习”的不定式为to review，故填to review。 4．句意：第三，我们可以把长文章分成小片段。情态动词can后面接动词原形，divide“划分，分开”，故填divide。 5． 句意：我的朋友通过用自己的话复述来学习单词。介词by后接动名词作宾语，retell“复述”，动名词形式为retelling，故填retelling。   6．句意：她说这个方法非常有效。副词very修饰形容词，effect“影响”的形容词形式effective“有效的”，故填effective。 7．句意：上个月，她赢得了学校单词比赛。时间状语“Last month”表示一般过去时，win“赢得”的过去式是won，故填won。 8．句意：她的成功让我想起我以前的坏习惯。固定搭配make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，后面接动词原形，recall“回忆，想起”，故填recall。 9．句意：现在我在记忆东西方面也取得了很大进步。固定短语make progress意为“取得进步”，progress为不可数名词，故填progress。 10．句意：我相信有良好的习惯，每个人都可以提高自己的记忆力。情态动词can后面接动词原形，increase“增加，提高”，故填increase。 5. 翻译句子 (1) 从简单的问题入手，然后慢慢过渡到更难的。 【答案】Start from the easy questions and slowly move on to more difficult ones. (2) 首先，重要的是要理解记忆是如何工作的。 【答案】To start with, it is important to understand how memory works. (3) 繁重的学习会让你的大脑疲惫不堪。 【答案】Heavy study will wear out your brain. (4) 把任务切分成小部分是一个有用的方法。 【答案】It is a useful method to divide the task into small sections. (5) 你尝试得越多，就越有可能成功。 【答案】The more you try, the more likely you are to succeed. (6) 记笔记是提高学习效率的有效方法。 【答案】Taking notes is an effective way to improve learning efficiency. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Our Memory 核心知识点精讲 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. boost one’s memory 增强记忆力 2. to start with 首先 3. make a phone call 打电话 4. make sure 确保；查明 5. some clever memory techniques 一些巧妙的记忆技巧 6. lead a healthy life 过健康的生活 7. take a look 看一看 8. pay attention 注意；留心 9. fail to do 未能做……；做某事失败 10. take notes 记笔记 11. write down key points 记下要点 12. after all 毕竟；终究 13. wear out 使疲乏；磨损 14. take a break 休息一下 15. discuss...with... 和…… 讨论…… 16. make use of 利用 17. mind map 思维导图 18. in addition 此外；另外 19. last but not least 最后但同样重要的是 20. stay healthy 保持健康 21. reduce stress and anxiety 减轻压力与焦虑 22. online bank account 网上银行账户 23. make up 编造；组成；化妆；弥补 24. picture images 构想图像；想象画面 25. react to... 对…… 作出反应 26. price increase 涨价；价格上涨 27. start over 重新开始 28. die from 死于（外因） 29. at once 立刻；马上 30. go through 浏览；经历；检查 31. run out 用完；耗尽 32. happen to 碰巧；发生在…… 身上 33. keep in mind 记住；牢记 34. find out 查明；弄清楚 35. in order 整齐；有序 36. divide sth into 把某物分为 37. move on to 继续进行；转入（下一话题） 38. have confidence in 对…… 有信心 2、 重点词汇解析 1. boost /buːst/v. & n. 促进；使增长；帮助；增长 [词汇搭配] boost your memory 增强你的记忆力；boost one’s confidence 增强信心 [词汇例句] The new policy will boost local development. 这项新政策将会促进当地的发展。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Doing exercise can ________ your memory and make you study better. A．explore B．discover C．encourage D．boost 2. short-term /ˌʃɔːt ˈtɜːm/adj. 短期的 long-term /ˌlɒŋ ˈtɜːm/adj. 长期的 [词汇拓展] term (n) 学期；期限；in the long/short/medium term长/短/中期内 [词汇搭配] short-term memory 短期记忆；long-term plan 长期计划；short-term goal 短期目标 [词汇例句] We need both short-term and long-term plans. 我们既需要短期计划，也需要长期计划。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Review the new words in time, or they will soon disappear from your ________ memory. A．stable B．active C．short-term D．long-term 3. likely /ˈlaɪkli/adv. 很可能 adj. 可能的 [词汇拓展] <比较级>more likely；<最高级>most likely；unlikely (adj.)不可能的；likelihood (n.)可能性； possible(adj.)可能的 [词汇搭配] be likely to do sth 很可能做某事；It is likely that… 很可能… as likely as not 很可能；most/very likely很可能 not likely（尤用于回答他人）绝不可能，绝对不会 [词汇例句] As likely as not she's forgotten all about it.她很可能把这事忘得一干二净了。。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 If you stick to your dream, you will ________ achieve it one day. A．mainly B．hardly C．heavily D．likely 4. discuss /dɪˈskʌs/v. 讨论；谈论；商量 [词汇拓展] discussion (n.) 讨论；商讨 [词汇搭配] discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事；discuss the problem 讨论问题 have a discussion 进行讨论 [词汇用法] · discuss不用做不及物动词，后接谈论的事物 We will discuss our travel plan tomorrow. 我们明天将讨论我们的旅行计划。 · discuss后可接wh-从句 We need to discuss when we should go.我们需要商量一下什么时候动身。 · discuss后可接-ing短语 We briefly discussed buying a second car.我们草草商量过再买一辆汽车的事儿。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 — We are making the rules for the school sports day. — Why not ________ together? Everyone should have a chance to share their ideas. A．explain B．discuss C．separate D．question 5. organize /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/(=organise) v. 处理；组织 [词汇拓展] organization(n.)组织；机构；organizer (n.)组织者；organized (adj.)有条理的 [词汇搭配] organize a meeting 组织会议；organize information 整理信息 [词汇例句] He will organize a school party this weekend. 这周末他将要组织一场校园派对。 [随学随练] 用organize的适当形式填空。 —The Student Union is going to ______ a welcome party for freshmen next week. —That’s great! I hope I can help with the preparations. A．require B．attend C．interview D．organize 6. view /vjuː/v. 看；观看 n. 观点；视野；风景 [词汇拓展] viewer (n.)观看者；观众 ；viewpoint (n.)观点 [词汇搭配] in my view在我看来；in view of sth鉴于；考虑到；由于 have a good view 视野好；come into view映入眼帘；a sea/mountain view 海/山景 view … as … 把… 看作… [词汇例句] In my view, this method works well. 在我看来，这个方法很管用。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) 依我看，事情不会改变。 things won't change... (2) 由于天气的缘故，这项赛事将在室内进行。 , the event will now be held indoors. (3) 那湖很快映入眼帘。 The lake soon . (4) 我看不清舞台。 I didn't of the stage. (5) 她把阅读看作减轻压力的好方法。 7. effective /ɪˈfektɪv/adj. 有效的 [词汇拓展] effect (n.)效果；影响；ineffective(adj.) 无效的；effectively(adv.)有效地；事实上 effectiveness(n.)有效性 [词汇搭配] an effective way 有效的方法 [词汇例句] Reading is an effective way to learn English. 阅读是学习英语的一种有效方法。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Reviewing lessons on time is an ________ way to remember things. A．anxious B．wild C．likely D．effective 8. anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/n. 焦虑；担心 [词汇拓展] anxious (adj.)焦虑的；担忧的；anxiously(adv.)焦虑地 [词汇搭配] reduce anxiety 缓解焦虑；deep anxiety深深的忧虑；with anxiety 焦虑地 [词汇用法] · anxiety表示“焦虑”时，描述的是一种状态，用作不可数名词。 Her anxiety made it hard to sleep. 她的焦虑让她难以入睡。 · anxiety表示“担心，忧虑”时，用作可数名词。 If you're worried about your health, share your anxieties with your doctor. 你要是担心自己的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Too much test pressure will cause learning ________ for teenagers. A．anxiety B．balance C．shortage D．discovery 9. address /əˈdres/n. 地址 v.写(收信人)姓名地址，寄给；发表演讲；向...说话；设法解决，处理 [词汇搭配] home address 家庭住址；write down the address 写下地址 [词汇例句] Please write your name and address on the paper. 请在纸上写下你的姓名和地址。 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中address的中文意思 (1) I'll give you my address and phone number. (2) The headmaster will address at the opening. (3) I was surprised when he addressed me in English. (4) The letter was correctly addressed, but delivered(运送) to the wrong house. (5) You should explain your actions calmly and address their worries. 10. account /əˈkaʊnt/n. 账户，账目；描述； v.认为是；视为 [词汇拓展] account v. 认为；解释 take … into account 把…… 考虑在内 [词汇搭配] online bank account 线上银行账户；by/from all accounts据说；根据报道 of no/little account不重要；无足轻重；on account of sb/sth由于；因为 take account of sth / take sth into account 考虑到；顾及 account for sth 是…的说明（或原因）；解释，说明；（数量上、比例上）占 [随学随练] 用account的相关表达翻译或补全句子 (1) 天气不好可能是人来得少的原因。 The poor weather may the small crowd. (2) 通过观看电影学英语的人数占30%。 people learning English films . (3) 她详尽地叙述了昨天所发生的事情。 She gave yesterday. (4) 我从未去过那里，但据说是个美丽的地方。 I've never been there, but it's a lovely place, . (5) 由于天气恶劣，我们推迟了活动。 11. increase n. /ˈɪŋkriːs/ 增长；v. /ɪnˈkriːs/ 增加 [词汇拓展] increasing (adj.)不断增长的；increased(adj.)增加的；decrease (v. / n.) 减少 [词汇搭配] price increase价格上涨；an increase in … … 方面的增长；on the increase 正在增加 increase by 增长了(比例)； increase to 增长到； [随学随练] 用increase的相关表达翻译或补全句子 (1) 人口已从120万增加到了180万。 The population has . (2) 他们已经把价格提高了50%。 They've . (3) 过去五年，私家车数量稳步增长。 The past five years have seen . (4) 污染正在增加。 12. blood /blʌd/n. 血 [词汇拓展] bloody (adj.) 流血的；血腥的；bleed(v.)流血 hot-blooded(adj.)易激动的；血气方刚的 [词汇搭配] lost a lot of blood流了很多血；blood pressure 血压；give blood 献血 sb's blood is up怒气冲天；怒从心上来；怒不可遏 make sb's blood boil使某人怒不可遏 freeze your blood / make your blood freeze 使人恐怖万分；令人毛骨悚然 Blood is thicker than water(saying)血浓于水；亲属关系最牢靠 like getting blood out of/from a stone水中捞月；缘木求鱼 [词汇例句] Blood was pouring out of a cut on her head. 血不断地从她头上的伤口中涌出。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —The patient has just lost a great deal of ________ and needs operating on as soon as possible. —What? Call the doctor at once. A．food B．water C．blood D．support 13. wound /wuːnd/n. 伤口；创伤；v. 使受伤 [词汇拓展] wounded (adj.)受伤的 [词汇搭配] die from his wounds因伤而死去；a head wound头伤 [词汇辨析] · wound指使身体受伤，尤指用武器伤害 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack. 这次袭击中有50人受重伤。 · injure尤指在事故中伤害、使受伤 He injured his knee playing hockey. 他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。 · hurt指（使）疼痛、受伤。在事故中受伤可用hurt或injure。hurt强调引起的身体疼痛，injure强调身体部位受到某种程度的伤害。 Did you hurt yourself? 你伤着自己了吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Mum, Jimmy’s finger is cut by a knife! —Let me see. What a deep ________! Run cold water over it to stop the ________ first! A．ache; bleed B．wound; bleed C．wound; bleeding D．ache; bleeding 14. wild /waɪld/adj. 野生的；自然生长的；缺乏管教的，无法无天的；热衷于… [词汇拓展] wildlife (n. )野生动植物；wildly (adv.) 疯狂地；失控地 [词汇搭配] wild geese野鹅；wild animals 野生动物；in the wild 在野外； a wild boy缺乏管教的男孩；be wild about对...着迷的 run wild自由生长，任其发展；恣意妄为，变得狂野 [词汇例句] Many wild animals live in the forest. 许多野生动物生活在森林里。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Many ________ animals are in danger because people cut down too many trees. A．wild B．wounded C．likely D．effective 15. recognize (=recognise) /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/v. 辨认出；认可 [词汇拓展] recognition (n.)认出；认可 [词汇搭配] recognize voices of other dolphins 认出其他海豚的声音 be recognized as...被公认为是...；被赏识 [词汇例句] I recognized him as soon as he came in the room.他一进屋我就认出了他。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 At the party, it took Sarah a long time to finally ________ her childhood friend, whose looks had changed so much. A．realize B．suppose C．recognize D．believe 16. divide /dɪˈvaɪd/v. 把 …… 分成；除以；除 [词汇拓展] division(n.)分歧；分开；除法；divisive(adj.)造成不和的;引起分歧的 [词汇搭配] divide...into...把...分成；dividing line 分界线,界限；divide...from...把...和...隔开 divide thirty by six将30除以6 [词汇例句] It’s good to divide housework into different parts.把家务活分成不同的部分是件好事。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) If a task seems too difficult, you can ________ it into several small steps. A．memorize B．keep C．divide D．increase (2) To finish the work in time, the leader plans to divide the volunteers ________ different groups. A．with B．on C．into D．of 17. fully /ˈfʊli/adv. 完全地 [词汇拓展] full (adj.) 满的；完全的；fill(v.)填满 [词汇搭配] fully recall it 完全记起它；fully prepared 准备充分的 [词汇例句] She was fully aware of my thoughts...她完全清楚我的想法。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 After practising the whole afternoon, she could ________ remember every word of the poem. A．hardly B．fully C．unluckily D．suddenly 3、 重难句型解析 1. 嵌套结构 (教材原句)How do you make sure what you learn enters your long-term memory? 此句中“what you learn enters your long-term memory”作make sure后的宾语，是一个宾语从句，而这个宾语从句中的主语是“what you learn ”，本身也是一个句子，用作主语，是一个主语从句。像这样，从句中套从句的结构称之为“嵌套结构”。 如：She told me that she would practise the speech when she had free time.她告诉我有空时会练习演讲稿。 2. 定语从句 (教材原句)Short-term memory helps you remember things that you may only need for a short time, like phone numbers when you need to make a phone call. 此句“that you may only need for a short time”修饰前面的things作定语，是一个定语从句。先行词(被修饰的名词)是物时，用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。先行词是人时，用that或who来引导定语从句。 如：He is the man who can help you solve the problem.他是能帮你解决问题的人。 3. 宾语从句 (教材原句)This helped me find out which parts of the speech I needed to work on the most. (教材原句)Last week, I decided to find out what the right way is to memorize a speech. which parts of the speech.... the most 和what the right way...a speech都是由疑问词引导的宾语从句。一般疑问代词what,which,who等引导宾语从句在从句中充当主干成分。疑问副词how,where,when等引导宾语从句在从句中不充当主干成分，而是充当状语。 如：Do you know who will give the speech? 你知道谁将要发表演讲吗？ Could you tell me where I can store this information in my brain? 译：你能告诉我大脑可以把这些信息 储存在哪里吗？ 4. 比较状语从句 (教材原句)The more you review what you learn, the more likely you will remember it. 这是一个常见的比较状语从句，其结构为“The+比较级..., the+比较级...”，表示“越...就越...”。 如：The more you repeat what you practise, the better your memory will be. 你重复练习的内容越多，记忆力 就越好。 4、 其他知识解析 1. 过去分词作定语 (教材原句)For example, listening to recorded information can be very effective. recorded 是过去分词作前置定语，修饰名词 information，表被动与完成含义“被录制下来的”。 如：He picked up the broken glass carefully. 他小心捡起碎玻璃。 2. 状语从句的省略 (教材原句)He is likely to die from his wounds if not treated at once. 此句中if not treated at once的完整形式为if if he is not treated at once。在状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有 be 动词，可省略从句主语和be 动词，变成引导词后接谓语动词形式。 如：When (you are) practising the speech, pay attention to your pronunciation. 练习演讲的时候，留意你的发 音。 3. picture用法 (教材原文) picturing images picture 此处用作动词，意为 “想象；描绘”，picturing 是动名词形式。 如：Try to picture the scene while you memorize the text. 背诵课文时试着想象这个场景。 4. success用法 (教材原句)... my speech today was a great success. 此句中success 指的是my speech是成功的，表示 “一件成功的事；一次成功的活动”。当一些表示抽象概念的不可数名词表示具体的某件事时，通常用作可数名词。 如：Failure is the mother of success.（泛指“失败”，用作不可数名词） The speech was a failure.（特制“the speech”这件具体的事，用作可数名词） 5. like作连词 (教材原句)Your brain needs food like an engine needs fuel. 此句中like 此处用作连词，后接句子，意为“正如，就像”，用来类比两件事。 如：No one sings the blues like she did.没人像她那样唱布鲁斯。 6. 强调谓语 (教材原句)If I do forget some words, I shouldn’t panic. 此句中do forget是对谓语动词进行的强调，在谓语动词前加do/does/did表示强调，可译为“确实、真得”，谓语动词要用动词原形。 如：Listening to music does help me relax. 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The number of the club members has i________ (增加) from twenty to fifty this term. (2) Too much sugar can raise your ________ (血液) pressure. (3) _________ (有效的) communication is the key to building a strong relationship. (4) Sometimes stress and a________ (焦虑) can get in the way of creativity. (5) After years of research, we don’t ________ (完全地) understand how the complex brain works. (6) Clean oil can protect the ________ (发动机) and make it last much longer. (7) You can write down your plans in your ________ (笔记本). (8) I sent a postcard to my friend, but I forgot to write the ________ (地址) on it. (9) After climbing for two hours, they enjoyed a wonderful ________ (视野) from the top of the mountain. (10) Tom opened a new bank ________ (账户) so that he could keep his pocket money safe. (11) The nurse put a bandage on his small ________ (伤口) to keep it clean and safe. (12) No one is allowed to catch ________ (野生的) birds in the forest. (13) Enough sleep is helpful in ________ (促进) your memory and learning speed. (14) When you enjoy a story, you’re more ________ (可能的) to remember its details. (15) They held a public meeting to d________ (讨论) how to improve the neighborhood. (16) The teacher has _________ (组织) a trip to the museum for us. (17) Dogs can easily r________ their owners’ voices after years apart. (辨认出) (18) It is said that eating ________（坚果）each day is a simple and healthy habit and it benefits our bones a lot. 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) I have written down their different e-mail _________. (address) (2) There has been _________ increase in the sales of this product. (3) Without thinking twice, they sent the ________ (wound) man to hospital at once. (4) He didn’t ________ (full) understand the problem until the teacher gave an example. (5) Good plans won’t work unless we carry them out ________ (effective) in our daily life. (6) The hard work of volunteers finally got public ________ (recognize) and more people joined them. (7) The more carefully you review, the ________ it is to recall the details. (easy) (8) Mike’s parents felt ________ (anxiety) when he came home late. (9) The two new ________ (mall) in our town opened on the same day. (10) My father is an ________ (organize) manager and everything goes well. (11) The new software failed ________ (work) properly on the older computer. (12) They discussed ________ the importance of travel safety. (13) We had a long ________ (discuss) about how to improve our learning ways. (14) Reading common texts is more effective than ________ (view) pictures. (15) The children ran _________ (wild) when they heard the dog barking. (16) The farmers divided the big field _________ small parts to grow different kinds of crops. 3. 单项填空 (1) —I’m afraid your explanation sounds unbelievable.                             —Actually, I didn’t ________ the story. Everything I told you is true. A．make up B．wear out C．help with D．break down (2) The soldier was badly ________ in the fight, so he was sent to hospital at once. A．increased B．wounded C．recognized D．shopped (3) —How was the party last night? —It was ________! Everyone had a really great time singing and dancing. A．general B．typical C．boring D．wild (4) Yuan Longping’s world-famous hybrid rice technology has ________ the rice production in many developing countries by over 20% over the past few decades. A．increased B．developed C．produced D．discovered (5) —Our government is taking action to ________ the air pollution.                             —Yes. More new-energy buses will be in use soon. A．address B．promise C．receive D．match (6) Can you give me a clear ________ of why you were late again? A．account B．mood C．pressure D．judgment (7) People who eat more vegetables are less ________ to get ill. A．effective B．familiar C．likely D．stable (8) In my ________, knowledge is much more valuable than money. A．view B．belief C．principle D．wisdom (9) Before the meeting starts, the manager needs to ________ all the documents to make sure there are no mistakes. A．go through B．look up C．put away D．take off (10) The book is interesting.________, it teaches us a meaningful life lesson. A．In addition B．For example C．At least D．After all 4. 短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Keeping a good memory is not hard if we know how. First, we should 1 (organize) our time well. When the teacher is 2 (speak), we should listen carefully. Second, it is wise for us 3 (review) lessons on time. Third, we can 4 (divide) the long text into small parts. My friend learns words by 5 (retell) them in her own words. She says that this method is very 6 (effect). Last month, she 7 (win) the school word contest. Her success made me 8 (recall) my old bad habit. Now I have also made great 9 (progress) in remembering things. I believe that with good habits, everyone can 10 (increase) his or her memory power. 5. 翻译句子 (1) 从简单的问题入手，然后慢慢过渡到更难的。 (2) 首先，重要的是要理解记忆是如何工作的。 (3) 繁重的学习会让你的大脑疲惫不堪。 (4) 把任务切分成小部分是一个有用的方法。 (5) 你尝试得越多，就越有可能成功。 (6) 记笔记是提高学习效率的有效方法。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $