Unit 5 Off to space 人与自然：太空探索（单元阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

Unit 5 Off to space 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文 阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 296 介绍Shenzhou-23发射、航天员乘组、飞船对接及后续任务。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 316 介绍美国大学生研制的蛇形探月机器人 COBRA，及其探月作用与机器人的太空应用前景。 实战 演练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 260 讲述王浩泽勤奋好学，在校与太空领域均成绩突出。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 248 介绍太空淋浴的演变及低重力带来的难题和技术改进。 Passage3 阅读理解 日记 190 通过老鼠的日记，叙述它与同伴进驻天宫空间站的旅程、训练经历，以及相关实验的研究价值。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 209 介绍中国计划 2030年前登月所用的新型登月宇航服。 Passage5 六选五 说明文 257 介绍中国航天员选拔条件，说明备份航天员未必能飞天，致敬航天幕后工作者。 Passage6 任务型阅读 说明文 194 科普天文现象“蓝月亮”，揭开了“蓝月亮”的神秘面纱。 Passage1 On the night of May 24, 2026, China sent up the Shenzhou-23 manned spaceship. It took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center(卫星发射中心) at 11:08 pm. A Long March 2F rocket carried it into space. There are three astronauts in the crew: Zhu Yangzhu, Zhang Zhiyuan and Lai Ka-ying. Zhu Yangzhu is the commander (指挥官) and flight engineer. He has a doctor’s degree and rich space experience. He went to space on Shenzhou-16 in 2023. This is his second space trip, and his first time to work as a commander. Zhang Zhiyuan is the spacecraft pilot. He is from Gansu Province. He was an Air Force pilot before becoming an astronaut. This is his first space mission. Lai Ka-ying is the payload specialist (载荷专家). She works as a superintendent (警官) in the Hong Kong Police Force. She is a mother of three. She is the first astronaut from Hong Kong, the first woman payload specialist from Hong Kong, and the first member of China’s fourth batch (批) of astronauts to fly in space. About 3.5 hours after the launch, at 2:45 am on May 25, the spaceship met and docked (对接) with the Tiangong Space Station’s Tianhe core module (天和核心舱). At 5:13 am, the hatch (舱门) opened. The Shenzhou-21 crew welcomed them. This is China’s eighth in-orbit crew rotation (轮换). The six astronauts took group photos and got ready for handover tasks. This is the seventh manned mission in the space station’s development phase. The crew will do scientific experiments in life science, materials science and space medicine. One astronaut will stay in space for one year. It is China’s first one-year in-orbit stay. They will collect health data and study how humans adapt to long-term space living. 2026 年 5 月 24 日夜晚，中国发射了神舟二十三号载人飞船。飞船于晚上 11 点 08 分在酒泉卫星发射中心点火升空，由长征二号 F 运载火箭送入太空。 乘组共有三名航天员：朱杨柱、张智远与赖嘉颖。 朱杨柱担任指令长兼飞行工程师。他拥有博士学位，具备丰富的太空飞行经验。2023 年，他曾搭乘神舟十六号进入太空。这是他第二次太空飞行，也是他首次担任指令长。 张智远为飞船驾驶员，来自甘肃省。在成为航天员之前，他是一名空军飞行员。这是他第一次执行太空任务。 赖嘉颖是载荷专家。她任职于香港警务处，担任警官，同时也是三个孩子的母亲。她是香港首位航天员、香港首位女性载荷专家，也是中国第四批航天员中首位飞上太空的成员。 发射约 3.5 小时后，也就是 5 月 25 日凌晨 2 点 45 分，飞船与天宫空间站天和核心舱完成交会对接。凌晨 5 点 13 分，舱门开启，神舟二十一号乘组迎接他们的到来。这是中国第八次在轨乘组轮换。六名航天员共同合影，并为各项交接工作做好准备。 这是空间站建造阶段的第七次载人飞行任务。乘组将开展生命科学、材料科学以及航天医学领域的科学实验。其中一名航天员将在轨驻留一整年，这也是我国首次实现航天员为期一年的在轨驻留。航天员们会采集健康数据，研究人类如何适应长期太空生活。 1．Who is the commander of the Shenzhou-23 crew? A．Zhu Yangzhu. B．Zhang Zhiyuan. C．Lai Ka-ying. D．Shenzhou-16. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about Lai Ka-ying? A．She is from Gansu Province. B．This is her second space mission. C．She is the first female astronaut in China. D．She works in the Hong Kong Police Force. 3．What can we learn about Zhu Yangzhu from the passage? A．He has never been to space before. B．He will be the commander of Shenzhou-16. C．He works as a payload specialist in the crew. D．This is his second space mission and first time as a commander. 4．What does the underlined word “adapt to” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A．Get used to. B．Give up. C．Look forward to. D．Take care of. 5．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The Shenzhou-21 crew will stay in space for one year. B．The six astronauts from two crews took group photos together. C．Shenzhou-23 docked with the space station about 3.5 hours after launch. D．This is China’s seventh manned mission in the space station’s development phase. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了神舟二十三号载人飞船的发射、乘组人员情况，以及飞船与天宫空间站对接、后续任务安排等相关信息。 【详解】 1．根据第3段第1句“Zhu Yangzhu is the commander and flight engineer.”，原文直接说明Zhu Yangzhu是指令长。 2．第五段“She works as a superintendent (警官) in the Hong Kong Police Force..”表明，赖嘉颖任职于香港警务处。 3．原文“This is his second space trip, and his first time to work as a commander.”表明，这是朱杨柱第二次太空之旅，也是他第一次担任指挥官。 4．根据第7段最后一句“They will collect health data and study how humans adapt to long-term space living.”句意为“他们将收集健康数据，研究人类如何____长期太空生活”。长期太空任务需要适应新环境，“adapt to”意为“适应”，与选项A“get used to”（习惯/适应）同义。 5．第7段提到“One astronaut will stay in space for one year.”（一名航天员将在轨停留一年），但并未说明是神舟二十一号乘组，且根据原文“China sent up the Shenzhou-23 manned spaceship”，停留一年的任务属于神舟二十三号任务阶段，并非神舟二十一号乘组，因此A选项表述错误。 【重难词汇、短语梳理】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 send up 动词短语，发射 manned spaceship 名词短语，载人飞船 take off 动词短语，（火箭）升空，起飞 crew n. 全体乘组人员 commander n. 指挥官，指令长 payload specialist 名词短语，载荷专家 launch n./v. 发射 dock with 动词短语，与…… 对接 core module 名词短语，核心舱 hatch n. 舱门 in‑orbit crew rotation 名词短语，在轨乘组轮换 handover tasks 名词短语，交接任务 development phase 名词短语，建造阶段 collect health data 动词短语，采集健康数据 adapt to 动词短语，适应（to 是介词，后接名词、动名词） 【长难句分析】 1.She is the first astronaut from Hong Kong, the first woman payload specialist from Hong Kong, and the first member of China’s fourth batch of astronauts to fly in space. 翻译：她是香港首位航天员、香港首位女性载荷专家，也是中国第四批航天员中首位飞上太空的成员。 句子结构：简单句，三个并列表语；to fly in space不定式作后置定语，修饰the first member。 语法点：序数词（the first）后面常用动词不定式作后置定语。 2.They will collect health data and study how humans adapt to long‑term space living. 翻译：他们将收集健康数据，研究人类如何适应长期太空生活。 句子结构：主谓宾，and并列两个谓语动词collect与study。how 引导陈述语序的宾语从句 how humans adapt to long‑term space living 作 study 的宾语。 Passage2 Moon robots’ new moves These “snakes” can help us study the moon “蛇形”探月机器人 Scientists have been hoping to explore (探索) the moon with robots. But the land on the moon is tough. There are steep (陡峭的) hills, big rocks and holes. It is hard for common robots to move around. A small robot called COBRA is here to help. Students from Northeastern University in the US made COBRA．It won the top prize in NASA’s Breakthrough, Innovative, and Game-changing (BIG) Idea Challenge. The robot is made up of 13 mini-bots. It looks like a snake. It can wiggle (扭动) in the sand and down a dirt road. It can connect its head to its tail to roll down long and steep hills. Its spiral structure (螺旋结构) helps it move out of tough places more easily. Why do we need robots on the moon? One of NASA’s biggest goals in the coming years is to put humans back on the moon. They did it more than 50 years ago. But this time, they hope to stay on the moon and set up a base (基地). “If you’re going back to the moon to stay, robots are going to be an important part of it,” said NASA engineer Vandi Verma. She is also one of the judges (裁判) of the BIG Idea Challenge. NASA wants to build the base in an area on the moon’s south pole (南极). That area may have frozen (冰冻的) water, which is important for humans. But the area is full of steep hills and holes. NASA turns to young people for their out-of-the-box ideas. At the BIG Idea Challenge, teams from different universities came up with all kinds of solutions (解决方案). HOW DOES COBRA work? MORE robot IDEAS FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY Florida State University made ET-Quad. It can swim through water. ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Arizona State University made this six-legged CHARLOTTE. It can climb steep hills easily. 这些 “机器蛇” 可以帮助我们研究月球。 科学家一直希望借助机器人探索月球。但是月球地表环境恶劣，到处都是陡峭的山丘、巨大的岩石与坑洞，普通机器人很难四处移动。一款名叫 COBRA 的小型机器人为此应运而生。 这款机器人由美国东北大学的学生研发，它在美国国家航空航天局 “突破性创新变革构想挑战赛（BIG）” 中斩获最高奖项。该机器人由 13 个微型机器人单元组成，外形像一条蛇。它可以在沙土中、泥土路上扭动前行；它能够将头部与尾部相连，沿着又长又陡的山坡翻滚而下。它的螺旋结构可以帮助它更轻松地脱离复杂险恶的地形。 我们为什么需要月球机器人？ 未来几年，美国国家航空航天局最重要的目标之一就是让人类重返月球。五十多年前人类就已经登上月球，但这一次，他们希望能够留在月球，并建立基地。 美国国家航空航天局工程师范迪・维尔玛说：“如果人类重返月球并长期驻留，机器人将会是其中至关重要的一部分。” 她同时也是这场构想挑战赛的评委之一。 NASA 计划在月球南极区域建造基地。这片区域可能存在冰冻水，这对人类来说十分重要。但该区域遍布陡峭山丘与坑洞。NASA 向年轻人寻求打破常规的创意。在这场构想挑战赛上，来自不同大学的参赛团队想出了各式各样的解决方案。 COBRA 如何工作？ 更多机器人创意 佛罗里达州立大学：该校研发了 ET‑Quad，它可以在水中游动。 亚利桑那州立大学：该校研发了六足机器人 CHARLOTTE，它能够轻松攀爬陡峭的山坡。 1．What can COBRA help scientists do? A．Send robots to the moon. B．Do studies on the moon. C．Move big rocks away. D．Catch small snakes. 2．Why can COBRA move more easily in tough places than other robots? A．Because it can clear away sand and dirt. B．Because it is smaller than other robots. C．Because it has a special structure. D．Because it has a pair of wings. 3．“Out-of-the-box ideas” in the passage might refer to (指) ideas that ________. A．are about boxes B．are always correct C．are from NASA scientists D．are very different and unusual 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Many NASA scientists were winners of the BIG Idea Challenge. B．NASA plans to build a base on the moon in 50 years. C．College students are getting more interested in joining NASA． D．Robots will play an even bigger part in scientific exploration. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了美国大学生研发的蛇形月球机器人COBRA，它能在复杂地形中灵活移动，帮助科学家探索月球，并展望了机器人在太空探索中的重要作用。 【详解】 1．根据标题“These ‘snakes’ can help us study the moon”，第一段“Scientists have been hoping to explore the moon with robots... A small robot called COBRA is here to help.”以及全文对COBRA功能的描述，可知它可以帮助科学家在月球上进行研究。 2．根据第二段“Its spiral structure helps it move out of tough places more easily.”可知，特殊的螺旋结构使其在困难地形移动更容易。 3．“out-of-the-box ideas”出现在最后一段“NASA turns to young people for their out-of-the-box ideas. At the BIG Idea Challenge, teams from different universities came up with all kinds of solutions.”，结合上下文，NASA向年轻人寻求的是与众不同、有创意的想法，因此该短语指“非常不同且不寻常的想法”。 4．根据第五段“If you’re going back to the moon to stay, robots are going to be an important part of it”及全文对机器人解决探月难题的描述可知，机器人在科学探索中将发挥更大作用。 【重难词汇、短语梳理】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 explore v. 探索 tough adj. 艰难的，恶劣的 steep adj. 陡峭的 be made up of 动词短语，由…… 组成 wiggle v. 扭动，摆动 spiral structure 名词短语，螺旋结构 set up a base 动词短语，建立基地 judge n. 评委，裁判 south pole 名词短语，南极 frozen adj. 冰冻的 be full of 动词短语，充满 out‑of‑the‑box ideas 名词短语，打破常规的创意 come up with 动词短语，想出（主意、方案） solution n. 解决办法，方案 six‑legged adj. 六条腿的 【长难句分析】 1.That area may have frozen water, which is important for humans. 翻译：那片区域可能存在冰冻水，这对人类十分重要。 分析：本句是含有非限制性定语从句的复合句，That area 为主语，may have 为谓语，frozen water 作宾语，which 引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面的 frozen water，which 在从句中作主语，is 为系动词，important 作表语，for humans 作状语，意为：那片区域可能存在冰冻水，这对人类十分重要。 2. If you’re going back to the moon to stay, robots are going to be an important part of it. 翻译：如果人类重返月球并长期驻留，机器人将会是其中重要的一环。 分析：本句为 if 引导条件状语从句的复合句，if 引导条件状语从句，you 作从句主语，are going back 作从句谓语，to stay 作目的状语；主句主语为 robots，are going to be 作主句谓语，an important part of it 作主句表语，意为：如果人类重返月球并长期驻留，机器人将会是其中重要的一环。 Passage 1 Not many little girls grow up to be rocket engineers. Even fewer have a 1 to go into space. But Wang Haoze did both. As a student, Wang worked hard at school and did well in almost everything. In 2008, she studied at Southeast University. There, she 2 to shine, not only as the best student but also as a good runner. As a top student, Wang could 3 new research (研究) areas. It could be exciting but it wasn’t always 4 . Wang once complained (抱怨) about the difficulties. Her teacher, Gu Fan, gave her some 5 : Always do your best, even when you don’t enjoy it. If you don’t, when you finally find something you love, you might not know how to give your best. Wang kept these words in mind. She kept breaking into unknown spaces. Later, she found her 6 for space science. She began working as a rocket engine designer. Wang learned a lot and 7 solving problems. In just a few months, she designed a great new product 8 . In May 2018, China began training its third generation of astronauts. Wang jumped at the chance and joined in the tests. Thanks to her 9 body and mind, she stood out from 2,500 people. During her training, she faced one difficulty after another, but she never thought of giving up (放弃). On October 30, Wang flew into space aboard the Shenzhou-19 spaceship. Now, in her “new space” — the Tiangong space station — she 10 all the unknowns and difficulties! 1．A．question B．chance C．holiday D．reason 2．A．decided B．began C．continued D．wanted 3．A．explore B．describe C．leave D．protect 4．A．good B．busy C．easy D．popular 5．A．articles B．skills C．money D．advice 6．A．love B．time C．respect D．memory 7．A．stopped B．enjoyed C．minded D．remembered 8．A．confidently B．luckily C．carefully D．successfully 9．A．soft B．natural C．strong D．young 10．A．gets ready for B．looks out for C．runs away from D．comes along with 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了王浩泽的故事。她努力学习，不仅在学校表现优异，在太空领域也表现得很优秀。 【详解】 1．句意：甚至更少的人有机会进入太空。 question问题；chance机会；holiday假期；reason原因。根据前文“ Not many little girls grow up to be rocket engineers. ”可知，此处是表达有更少的人有机会进入太空。故选B。 2．句意：在那里，不仅作为一名优秀学生而且作为一名优秀的跑步者，她继续发光。 decided决定；began开始；continued继续；wanted想要。根据前文“As a student, Wang worked hard at school and did well in almost everything.”可知，她很优秀。所以此处应该是表达她继续发光。故选C。 3．句意：作为一个尖子生，王可以探索新的研究领域。 explore探索；describe描述；leave离开；protect保护。根据“As a top student, Wang could…new research (研究) areas.”可知，此处是表达作为一个尖子生，王可以探索新的研究领域。故选A。 4．句意：它可能令人兴奋，但并不总是容易的。 good好的；busy忙的；easy容易的；popular受欢迎的。根据“It could be exciting but it wasn’t always …”可知，此处是表达它可能令人兴奋，但并不总是容易的。故选C。 5．句意：她的老师古凡给了她一些建议。 articles文章；skills技能；money钱；advice建议。根据后文“Always do your best, even when you don’t enjoy it.”可知，此处是表达她的老师给了她一些建议。故选D。 6．句意：后来，她发现了自己对太空科学的热爱。 love爱；time时间；respect尊重；memory记忆。根据后文“She began working as a rocket engine designer.”可知，此处是表达她发现了自己对太空科学的热爱。故选A。 7．句意：王学到了很多，并且喜欢解决问题。 stopped停止；enjoyed喜欢；minded介意；remembered记得。根据“Wang learned a lot and … solving problems.”可知，此处是表达喜欢解决问题。故选B。 8．句意：在短短几个月，她成功地设计了一个伟大的新产品。 confidently自信地；luckily幸运地；carefully小心地；successfully成功地。根据“In just a few months, she designed a great new product …”可知，此处是表达成功地设计了一个伟大的新产品。故选D。 9．句意：多亏了她强壮的身体和头脑，她从2500人中脱颖而出。 soft软的；natural自然的；strong强壮的；young年轻的。根据“Thanks to her … body and mind, she stood out from 2,500 people.”可知，此处是表达强壮的身体和头脑。故选C。 10．句意：现在，在她的“新空间”——天宫空间站——她为所有的未知事物和困难做好了准备! gets ready for准备好；looks out for留心；runs away from逃跑；comes along with一起来。根据“she … all the unknowns and difficulties!”可知，此处是表达为所有的未知事物和困难做好了准备。故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26七年级上·广东深圳·期末）Do you know how astronauts take a shower (淋浴) in space? It is easy on Earth, but in space, it is a big problem because of low gravity. In the 1960s, astronauts took sponge baths— they cleaned their bodies with a wet towel (毛巾), soap  (香皂) and a little water. Because there wasn’t enough water for a full-body cleaning. And they wore the same clothes inside their spacesuits for a long time. As a result, astronauts often returned to Earth with a bad smell. Things got better in 1973. A space station got its first real shower. However, using it was not easy. Astronauts had to tie their feet to the wall so that they wouldn’t float away. Each person got only about three liters of water, and taking a shower usually took over two hours! After showering, they faced the most important work: carefully collecting every drop of water because floating water could break the machines inside the space station. Today, on the International Space Station, astronauts use a better “sponge bath” way to clean themselves. They use a wet towel, a special kind of soap and a little water. The biggest improvement is the airflow system. It helps dry astronauts’ hair and bodies quickly and recycles all the water. In this way, astronauts can stay clean every day. The development of space showers doesn’t end here. Maybe one day, taking a shower in space will be just as easy as that on Earth. 1．How is taking a shower in space, according to paragraph 1? A．Interesting. B．Difficult. C．Wonderful. D．Dangerous. 2．Why did astronauts smell bad in the 1960s? ①There wasn’t enough water. ②There was no place to shower. ③They seldom changed their clothes. ④They had no soap for keeping clean. A．①③ B．②③ C．①④ D．②④ 3．What should astronauts do after showering according to paragraph 3? A．Check the shower time. B．Tie their feet to the wall. C．Design new machine parts. D．Collect water drops carefully. 4．What can we learn about the airflow system in paragraph 4? A．It dries the air in space stations. B．It keeps the astronauts warmer. C．It makes astronauts’ showers better. D．It produces fresh air for astronauts. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Showering in Space B．Experiments in Space C．Life without Showers D．History of Space Stations 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空淋浴的发展历程，从20世纪60年代的海绵浴，到1973年空间站的首个真正淋浴，再到如今国际空间站的改进版清洁方式，讲述了太空淋浴因低重力面临的难题及不断优化的过程。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“It is easy on Earth, but in space, it is a big problem because of low gravity.”可知，太空淋浴因低重力成为一大难题，是困难的，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Because there wasn’t enough water for a full-body cleaning. And they wore the same clothes inside their spacesuits for a long time. As a result, astronauts often returned to Earth with a bad smell.”可知，20世纪60年代宇航员身上有异味的原因是水不够，无法全身清洁；长时间穿同一套衣服，对应选项A，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“After showering, they faced the most important work: carefully collecting every drop of water because floating water could break the machines inside the space station.”可知，淋浴后宇航员需要仔细收集每一滴水，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“The biggest improvement is the airflow system. It helps dry astronauts’ hair and bodies quickly and recycles all the water. In this way, astronauts can stay clean every day.”可知，气流系统能快速吹干宇航员的头发和身体、回收所有水，让宇航员的清洁（淋浴）效果更好，故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕太空淋浴展开，依次介绍了20世纪60年代、1973年以及如今国际空间站的太空清洁（淋浴）方式，核心主题是太空淋浴，故选A。 Passage 3 Dear Diary, Saturday, 1 November Can you guess where I am? I’m in China’s Tiangong Space Station! It is 400 kilometers above Earth. I live here with three other mice. Six Chinese astronauts take turns caring for us. Three of them—Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang—came up with us. Last night, we flew on the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft. The trip was smooth and took about three hours. We are the first mammals (哺乳动物) to visit Tiangong with astronauts! We trained for over 60 days to come here. I remember two hard tests. First, I stood on a spinning rod (旋转杆). I held on tightly with my front paws. It was difficult, but I did it for 115 seconds! Then, I was spun around in a small box. After that, I walked on a balance beam (平衡木). I did not fall! We will stay in space for about one week. After that, we’ll fly back to Earth. Scientists will then study how our bodies may have changed. This will help them better understand the effects of space environments. I am excited to be here! More adventures are waiting. 1．How many astronauts take turns caring for the mice on the Tiangong Space Station? A．Three. B．Four. C．Six. D．Seven. 2．Which is the correct order of what happened to the mouse? a. being spun in a small box b. walking on a balance beam c. holding on a spinning rod for 115 seconds d. flying on the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft A．c-a-b-d B．d-c-a-b C．c-a-d-b D．a-c-b-d 3．How long will the mice stay in the Tiangong Space Station? A．About three hours. B．About 60 days. C．About one week. D．About 115 seconds. 4．What will scientists do after the mice return to Earth? A．Train the mice for more tests. B．Study changes in the mice’s bodies. C．Send the mice to another space station. D．Let the mice live with other animals. 5．What is the main purpose of this diary? A．To explain how astronauts train. B．To tell the history of space flights. C．To introduce the Tiangong Space Station. D．To describe a mouse’s space journey. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文以老鼠的日记展开，讲述它和同伴登上天宫空间站的旅程、训练经历及后续研究意义。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“Six Chinese astronauts take turns caring for us.”可知，有六名中国航天员轮流照顾这些老鼠，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“I held on tightly with my front paws. It was difficult, but I did it for 115 seconds! Then, I was spun around in a small box. After that, I walked on a balance beam (平衡木). I did not fall!”以及“Last night, we flew on the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft.”可知，老鼠的经历顺序是：抓住旋转杆坚持115秒→在小盒子里被旋转→走平衡木→乘坐神舟21号飞船，对应的顺序是c-a-b-d，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“We will stay in space for about one week.”可知，这些老鼠将在天宫空间站待大约一周的时间，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“After that, we’ll fly back to Earth. Scientists will then study how our bodies may have changed.”可知，老鼠返回地球后，科学家会研究它们身体可能发生的变化，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，日记以一只老鼠的视角，描述了它登上太空站的旅程、训练过程以及在太空的相关计划，故选D。 Passage 4 On Sept 28, the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) showed a new spacesuit (宇航服) for landing on the moon. This is part of the country’s plan to send astronauts to the moon by 2030. The agency is also inviting people to help pick a name for the spacesuit. The spacesuit is made with many new technologies. It is lighter and more comfortable than other Chinese spacesuits. ①Material 材质The environment on the moon is harsh (恶劣的). It can be as cold as -210℃ and as hot as 121℃. There is also a lot of dust (灰尘). To protect the astronauts, scientists used a special kind of fabric (面料) to make the spacesuit. ②Control panel 控制台 On the front of the spacesuit, there is a control panel. It has many functions and is very easy to use. ③Cameras 摄像机There are cameras on both sides of the helmet. They can take videos of things close up and far away. ④Visor 头盔面窗 The helmet has a special visor. It can stop the bright sunlight from hurting the astronauts’ eyes. It also gives astronauts a wider and clearer view（视野）. ⑤Joints 关节 The joints of the spacesuit are very flexible（灵活的）. Wearing it, astronauts can move their arms and legs easily in space. 1．What did CMSA invite the public to do? A．Test the spacesuit. B．Name the spacesuit. C．Choose the spacesuit. D．Produce the spacesuit. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．The visors can protect astronauts from solar wind. B．The control panel is on the back of the spacesuit. C．The special material can keep astronauts safe. D．The cameras are on either side of the helmet. 3．What does the underlined word “flexible” in “Joints” part mean? A．for many different purposes B．can change into different shapes C．be able to move easily and freely D．can get used to a new environment 4．Where is this article probably taken from? A．A textbook. B．A story book. C．A diary. D．A science magazine. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国计划于2030年前将航天员送往月球的新型月球着陆宇航服。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“The agency is also inviting people to help pick a name for the spacesuit.”可知，中国载人航天工程办公室邀请公众为其命名，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据图片内容“To protect the astronauts, scientists used a special kind of fabric (面料) to make the spacesuit.”可知，使用特殊材质是为了在恶劣环境中保护宇航员。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Wearing it, astronauts can move their arms and legs easily in space.”可知，宇航员穿上它在太空中可以灵活地动胳膊和腿；因此，推断可知flexible表示“灵活的，能轻松自由活动的”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文以科普说明的方式介绍宇航服的新技术，最有可能出自科普类杂志。故选D。 Passage 5 请阅读全文，并从下面的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文的意思完整、连贯。 How to go to space On 30th October, 2024 Shenzhou XIX was sent into space. That is the nineteenth manned spaceship since Yang Liwei reached for the stars in 2003 on Shenzhou V. Have you ever dreamed of becoming an astronaut? 1 2 To be an astronaut, you need to be healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and lungs (心肺) are important. You’d better not have other small problems. For example, you can’t have scars (伤疤). They may split in space.    Become stronger with hard training.           In China, you must be a great pilot before being an astronaut. You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents. 3 You will wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for 6 or 7 hours without eating or going to the toilet. Learn science. Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 lessons to get ready for a mission, including Maths, English, spaceship design, physics and many more. 4 Do you know? Even if you are great enough to become a backup (备用的) astronaut, 5 . During the Shenzhou XIII mission, only three astronauts can go into space. But there are another 13 backup astronauts. They can’t go. They are the unsung heroes of the space programme. A．They also need to do scientific experiments about space. B．You will start training when you become a backup astronaut. C．Health is important. D．How do Chinese astronauts make it? E．it is possible that you will never go to space. F．Why do they go there? 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文介绍了成为中国航天员的各项要求：要有健康的身体、经历严苛训练、掌握丰富的科学知识；同时也说明，即便成为备用航天员，也未必能真正进入太空，致敬默默付出的航天幕后人员。 【详解】88．前文提问“你梦想成为宇航员吗？”，下文开始讲解成为宇航员的条件，D项“How do Chinese astronauts make it?”承上启下。 1．本段核心讲身体健康、身体条件要求，C项“Health is important.”和后文“To be an astronaut, you need to be healthy”呼应，总起本段。 2．前后围绕训练展开，后文具体描述水下训练等内容，B项“You will start training when you become a backup astronaut.”引出训练相关内容。 3．本段主题为学习科学知识，前文列举所学科目，A项“They also need to do scientific experiments about space.”补充航天员还要做太空科学实验，上下文连贯。 4．前文提到即便成为备用航天员，结合后文举例大量备份航天员无法升空，E项“it is possible that you will never go to space.”点明也有可能永远无法进入太空。 Passage 6 任务型阅读：阅读短文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。 Let us find out what a blue moon is together A blue moon is the third of four full moons, or the second full moon in a calendar month (日历月) with two full moons. There are usually 12 full moons each year, but sometimes there’s a 13th one, because there are about 29.5 days between full moons in fact, not one month. Blue moons occur once every two to three years, far less common (普遍的) than full moons. There’s a popular saying about this in English: “Once in a blue moon.” It means something that happens (发生) not very often. The blue moon’s name has nothing to do with its color, but there is a small chance that the moon shows blue. For example, in 1883 an Indonesian volcano erupted (印度尼西亚火山喷发) and sent ash (灰烬) into the atmosphere. The tiny ash particles (颗粒) filtered (过滤) red light and made both the moon and sun appear blue. The next monthly blue moon is expected on May 31, 2026, but the next seasonal one is on Aug. 19 or 20, 2024. The dates may change with your time zone. 1．What is a blue moon? 2．How many full moons are there each year? 3．How often do blue moons occur? 4．Can the moon turn blue? 5．When may the next blue moon be? 【答案】 1．A blue moon is the third of four full moons, or the second full moon in a calendar month with two full moons. 2．There are usually 12 full moons each year, but sometimes there’s a 13th one. 3．Blue moons occur once every two to three years. 4．Yes, it can. 5．The next monthly blue moon is expected on May 31, 2026, but the next seasonal one is on Aug. 19 or 20, 2024. 【导语】本文主要介绍了天文现象“蓝月亮”，揭开了“蓝月亮”的神秘面纱。 1．根据“A blue moon is the third of four full moons, or the second full moon in a calendar month (日历月) with two full moons.”可知，“蓝月亮”是四个满月中的第三个，或者是一个日历月里有两个满月的第二个满月。故填A blue moon is the third of four full moons, or the second full moon in a calendar month with two full moons. 2．根据“There are usually 12 full moons each year, but sometimes there’s a 13th one”可知，每年通常有12次满月，但有时会有第13次。故填There are usually 12 full moons each year, but sometimes there’s a 13th one. 3．根据“Blue moons occur once every two to three years”可知，“蓝月亮”每两到三年出现一次。故填Blue moons occur once every two to three years. 4．根据“The blue moon’s name has nothing to do with its color, but there is a small chance that the moon shows blue.”可知，“蓝月亮”的名字与它的颜色没有任何关系，但月亮有小概率会呈现蓝色。故此处要进行肯定回答。故填Yes, it can. 5．根据“The next monthly blue moon is expected on May 31, 2026, but the next seasonal one is on Aug. 19 or 20, 2024.”可知，下一次月度“蓝月亮”预计将在2026年5月31日出现，但下一个季节性蓝月亮将在2024年8月19日或20日。故填The next monthly blue moon is expected on May 31, 2026, but the next seasonal one is on Aug. 19 or 20, 2024. $ Unit 5 Off to space 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文 阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 296 介绍Shenzhou-23发射、航天员乘组、飞船对接及后续任务。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 316 介绍美国大学生研制的蛇形探月机器人 COBRA，及其探月作用与机器人的太空应用前景。 实战 演练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 260 讲述王浩泽勤奋好学，在校与太空领域均成绩突出。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 248 介绍太空淋浴的演变及低重力带来的难题和技术改进。 Passage3 阅读理解 日记 190 通过老鼠的日记，叙述它与同伴进驻天宫空间站的旅程、训练经历，以及相关实验的研究价值。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 209 介绍中国计划 2030 年前登月所用的新型登月宇航服。 Passage5 六选五 说明文 257 介绍中国航天员选拔条件，说明备份航天员未必能飞天，致敬航天幕后工作者。 Passage6 任务型阅读 说明文 194 科普天文现象“蓝月亮”，揭开了“蓝月亮”的神秘面纱。 Passage1 On the night of May 24, 2026, China sent up the Shenzhou-23 manned spaceship. It took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center(卫星发射中心) at 11:08 pm. A Long March 2F rocket carried it into space. There are three astronauts in the crew: Zhu Yangzhu, Zhang Zhiyuan and Lai Ka-ying. Zhu Yangzhu is the commander (指挥官) and flight engineer. He has a doctor’s degree and rich space experience. He went to space on Shenzhou-16 in 2023. This is his second space trip, and his first time to work as a commander. Zhang Zhiyuan is the spacecraft pilot. He is from Gansu Province. He was an Air Force pilot before becoming an astronaut. This is his first space mission. Lai Ka-ying is the payload specialist (载荷专家). She works as a superintendent (警官) in the Hong Kong Police Force. She is a mother of three. She is the first astronaut from Hong Kong, the first woman payload specialist from Hong Kong, and the first member of China’s fourth batch (批) of astronauts to fly in space. About 3.5 hours after the launch, at 2:45 am on May 25, the spaceship met and docked (对接) with the Tiangong Space Station’s Tianhe core module (天和核心舱). At 5:13 am, the hatch (舱门) opened. The Shenzhou-21 crew welcomed them. This is China’s eighth in-orbit crew rotation (轮换). The six astronauts took group photos and got ready for handover tasks. This is the seventh manned mission in the space station’s development phase. The crew will do scientific experiments in life science, materials science and space medicine. One astronaut will stay in space for one year. It is China’s first one-year in-orbit stay. They will collect health data and study how humans adapt to long-term space living. 2026 年 5 月 24 日夜晚，中国发射了神舟二十三号载人飞船。飞船于晚上 11 点 08 分在酒泉卫星发射中心点火升空，由长征二号 F 运载火箭送入太空。 乘组共有三名航天员：朱杨柱、张智远与赖嘉颖。 朱杨柱担任指令长兼飞行工程师。他拥有博士学位，具备丰富的太空飞行经验。2023 年，他曾搭乘神舟十六号进入太空。这是他第二次太空飞行，也是他首次担任指令长。 张智远为飞船驾驶员，来自甘肃省。在成为航天员之前，他是一名空军飞行员。这是他第一次执行太空任务。 赖嘉颖是载荷专家。她任职于香港警务处，担任警官，同时也是三个孩子的母亲。她是香港首位航天员、香港首位女性载荷专家，也是中国第四批航天员中首位飞上太空的成员。 发射约 3.5 小时后，也就是 5 月 25 日凌晨 2 点 45 分，飞船与天宫空间站天和核心舱完成交会对接。凌晨 5 点 13 分，舱门开启，神舟二十一号乘组迎接他们的到来。这是中国第八次在轨乘组轮换。六名航天员共同合影，并为各项交接工作做好准备。 这是空间站建造阶段的第七次载人飞行任务。乘组将开展生命科学、材料科学以及航天医学领域的科学实验。其中一名航天员将在轨驻留一整年，这也是我国首次实现航天员为期一年的在轨驻留。航天员们会采集健康数据，研究人类如何适应长期太空生活。 1．Who is the commander of the Shenzhou-23 crew? A．Zhu Yangzhu. B．Zhang Zhiyuan. C．Lai Ka-ying. D．Shenzhou-16. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about Lai Ka-ying? A．She is from Gansu Province. B．This is her second space mission. C．She is the first female astronaut in China. D．She works in the Hong Kong Police Force. 3．What can we learn about Zhu Yangzhu from the passage? A．He has never been to space before. B．He will be the commander of Shenzhou-16. C．He works as a payload specialist in the crew. D．This is his second space mission and first time as a commander. 4．What does the underlined word “adapt to” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A．Get used to. B．Give up. C．Look forward to. D．Take care of. 5．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The Shenzhou-21 crew will stay in space for one year. B．The six astronauts from two crews took group photos together. C．Shenzhou-23 docked with the space station about 3.5 hours after launch. D．This is China’s seventh manned mission in the space station’s development phase. 【重难词汇、短语梳理】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 send up 动词短语，发射 manned spaceship 名词短语，载人飞船 take off 动词短语，（火箭）升空，起飞 crew n. 全体乘组人员 commander n. 指挥官，指令长 payload specialist 名词短语，载荷专家 launch n./v. 发射 dock with 动词短语，与…… 对接 core module 名词短语，核心舱 hatch n. 舱门 in‑orbit crew rotation 名词短语，在轨乘组轮换 handover tasks 名词短语，交接任务 development phase 名词短语，建造阶段 collect health data 动词短语，采集健康数据 adapt to 动词短语，适应（to 是介词，后接名词、动名词） 【长难句分析】 1.She is the first astronaut from Hong Kong, the first woman payload specialist from Hong Kong, and the first member of China’s fourth batch of astronauts to fly in space. 翻译：她是香港首位航天员、香港首位女性载荷专家，也是中国第四批航天员中首位飞上太空的成员。 句子结构：简单句，三个并列表语；to fly in space不定式作后置定语，修饰the first member。 语法点：序数词（the first）后面常用动词不定式作后置定语。 2.They will collect health data and study how humans adapt to long‑term space living. 翻译：他们将收集健康数据，研究人类如何适应长期太空生活。 句子结构：主谓宾，and并列两个谓语动词collect与study。how 引导陈述语序的宾语从句 how humans adapt to long‑term space living 作 study 的宾语。 Passage2 Moon robots’ new moves These “snakes” can help us study the moon “蛇形”探月机器人 Scientists have been hoping to explore (探索) the moon with robots. But the land on the moon is tough. There are steep (陡峭的) hills, big rocks and holes. It is hard for common robots to move around. A small robot called COBRA is here to help. Students from Northeastern University in the US made COBRA．It won the top prize in NASA’s Breakthrough, Innovative, and Game-changing (BIG) Idea Challenge. The robot is made up of 13 mini-bots. It looks like a snake. It can wiggle (扭动) in the sand and down a dirt road. It can connect its head to its tail to roll down long and steep hills. Its spiral structure (螺旋结构) helps it move out of tough places more easily. Why do we need robots on the moon? One of NASA’s biggest goals in the coming years is to put humans back on the moon. They did it more than 50 years ago. But this time, they hope to stay on the moon and set up a base (基地). “If you’re going back to the moon to stay, robots are going to be an important part of it,” said NASA engineer Vandi Verma. She is also one of the judges (裁判) of the BIG Idea Challenge. NASA wants to build the base in an area on the moon’s south pole (南极). That area may have frozen (冰冻的) water, which is important for humans. But the area is full of steep hills and holes. NASA turns to young people for their out-of-the-box ideas. At the BIG Idea Challenge, teams from different universities came up with all kinds of solutions (解决方案). HOW DOES COBRA work? MORE robot IDEAS FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY Florida State University made ET-Quad. It can swim through water. ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Arizona State University made this six-legged CHARLOTTE. It can climb steep hills easily. 这些 “机器蛇” 可以帮助我们研究月球。 科学家一直希望借助机器人探索月球。但是月球地表环境恶劣，到处都是陡峭的山丘、巨大的岩石与坑洞，普通机器人很难四处移动。一款名叫 COBRA 的小型机器人为此应运而生。 这款机器人由美国东北大学的学生研发，它在美国国家航空航天局 “突破性创新变革构想挑战赛（BIG）” 中斩获最高奖项。该机器人由 13 个微型机器人单元组成，外形像一条蛇。它可以在沙土中、泥土路上扭动前行；它能够将头部与尾部相连，沿着又长又陡的山坡翻滚而下。它的螺旋结构可以帮助它更轻松地脱离复杂险恶的地形。 我们为什么需要月球机器人？ 未来几年，美国国家航空航天局最重要的目标之一就是让人类重返月球。五十多年前人类就已经登上月球，但这一次，他们希望能够留在月球，并建立基地。 美国国家航空航天局工程师范迪・维尔玛说：“如果人类重返月球并长期驻留，机器人将会是其中至关重要的一部分。” 她同时也是这场构想挑战赛的评委之一。 NASA 计划在月球南极区域建造基地。这片区域可能存在冰冻水，这对人类来说十分重要。但该区域遍布陡峭山丘与坑洞。NASA 向年轻人寻求打破常规的创意。在这场构想挑战赛上，来自不同大学的参赛团队想出了各式各样的解决方案。 COBRA 如何工作？ 更多机器人创意 佛罗里达州立大学：该校研发了 ET‑Quad，它可以在水中游动。 亚利桑那州立大学：该校研发了六足机器人 CHARLOTTE，它能够轻松攀爬陡峭的山坡。 1．What can COBRA help scientists do? A．Send robots to the moon. B．Do studies on the moon. C．Move big rocks away. D．Catch small snakes. 2．Why can COBRA move more easily in tough places than other robots? A．Because it can clear away sand and dirt. B．Because it is smaller than other robots. C．Because it has a special structure. D．Because it has a pair of wings. 3．“Out-of-the-box ideas” in the passage might refer to (指) ideas that ________. A．are about boxes B．are always correct C．are from NASA scientists D．are very different and unusual 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Many NASA scientists were winners of the BIG Idea Challenge. B．NASA plans to build a base on the moon in 50 years. C．College students are getting more interested in joining NASA． D．Robots will play an even bigger part in scientific exploration. 【重难词汇、短语梳理】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 explore v. 探索 tough adj. 艰难的，恶劣的 steep adj. 陡峭的 be made up of 动词短语，由…… 组成 wiggle v. 扭动，摆动 spiral structure 名词短语，螺旋结构 set up a base 动词短语，建立基地 judge n. 评委，裁判 south pole 名词短语，南极 frozen adj. 冰冻的 be full of 动词短语，充满 out‑of‑the‑box ideas 名词短语，打破常规的创意 come up with 动词短语，想出（主意、方案） solution n. 解决办法，方案 six‑legged adj. 六条腿的 【长难句分析】 1.That area may have frozen water, which is important for humans. 翻译：那片区域可能存在冰冻水，这对人类十分重要。 分析：本句是含有非限制性定语从句的复合句，That area 为主语，may have 为谓语，frozen water 作宾语，which 引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面的 frozen water，which 在从句中作主语，is 为系动词，important 作表语，for humans 作状语，意为：那片区域可能存在冰冻水，这对人类十分重要。 2. If you’re going back to the moon to stay, robots are going to be an important part of it. 翻译：如果人类重返月球并长期驻留，机器人将会是其中重要的一环。 分析：本句为 if 引导条件状语从句的复合句，if 引导条件状语从句，you 作从句主语，are going back 作从句谓语，to stay 作目的状语；主句主语为 robots，are going to be 作主句谓语，an important part of it 作主句表语，意为：如果人类重返月球并长期驻留，机器人将会是其中重要的一环。 Passage 1 Not many little girls grow up to be rocket engineers. Even fewer have a 1 to go into space. But Wang Haoze did both. As a student, Wang worked hard at school and did well in almost everything. In 2008, she studied at Southeast University. There, she 2 to shine, not only as the best student but also as a good runner. As a top student, Wang could 3 new research (研究) areas. It could be exciting but it wasn’t always 4 . Wang once complained (抱怨) about the difficulties. Her teacher, Gu Fan, gave her some 5 : Always do your best, even when you don’t enjoy it. If you don’t, when you finally find something you love, you might not know how to give your best. Wang kept these words in mind. She kept breaking into unknown spaces. Later, she found her 6 for space science. She began working as a rocket engine designer. Wang learned a lot and 7 solving problems. In just a few months, she designed a great new product 8 . In May 2018, China began training its third generation of astronauts. Wang jumped at the chance and joined in the tests. Thanks to her 9 body and mind, she stood out from 2,500 people. During her training, she faced one difficulty after another, but she never thought of giving up (放弃). On October 30, Wang flew into space aboard the Shenzhou-19 spaceship. Now, in her “new space” — the Tiangong space station — she 10 all the unknowns and difficulties! 1．A．question B．chance C．holiday D．reason 2．A．decided B．began C．continued D．wanted 3．A．explore B．describe C．leave D．protect 4．A．good B．busy C．easy D．popular 5．A．articles B．skills C．money D．advice 6．A．love B．time C．respect D．memory 7．A．stopped B．enjoyed C．minded D．remembered 8．A．confidently B．luckily C．carefully D．successfully 9．A．soft B．natural C．strong D．young 10．A．gets ready for B．looks out for C．runs away from D．comes along with Passage 2 （25-26七年级上·广东深圳·期末）Do you know how astronauts take a shower (淋浴) in space? It is easy on Earth, but in space, it is a big problem because of low gravity. In the 1960s, astronauts took sponge baths— they cleaned their bodies with a wet towel (毛巾), soap  (香皂) and a little water. Because there wasn’t enough water for a full-body cleaning. And they wore the same clothes inside their spacesuits for a long time. As a result, astronauts often returned to Earth with a bad smell. Things got better in 1973. A space station got its first real shower. However, using it was not easy. Astronauts had to tie their feet to the wall so that they wouldn’t float away. Each person got only about three liters of water, and taking a shower usually took over two hours! After showering, they faced the most important work: carefully collecting every drop of water because floating water could break the machines inside the space station. Today, on the International Space Station, astronauts use a better “sponge bath” way to clean themselves. They use a wet towel, a special kind of soap and a little water. The biggest improvement is the airflow system. It helps dry astronauts’ hair and bodies quickly and recycles all the water. In this way, astronauts can stay clean every day. The development of space showers doesn’t end here. Maybe one day, taking a shower in space will be just as easy as that on Earth. 1．How is taking a shower in space, according to paragraph 1? A．Interesting. B．Difficult. C．Wonderful. D．Dangerous. 2．Why did astronauts smell bad in the 1960s? ①There wasn’t enough water. ②There was no place to shower. ③They seldom changed their clothes. ④They had no soap for keeping clean. A．①③ B．②③ C．①④ D．②④ 3．What should astronauts do after showering according to paragraph 3? A．Check the shower time. B．Tie their feet to the wall. C．Design new machine parts. D．Collect water drops carefully. 4．What can we learn about the airflow system in paragraph 4? A．It dries the air in space stations. B．It keeps the astronauts warmer. C．It makes astronauts’ showers better. D．It produces fresh air for astronauts. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Showering in Space B．Experiments in Space C．Life without Showers D．History of Space Stations Passage 3 Dear Diary, Saturday, 1 November Can you guess where I am? I’m in China’s Tiangong Space Station! It is 400 kilometers above Earth. I live here with three other mice. Six Chinese astronauts take turns caring for us. Three of them—Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang—came up with us. Last night, we flew on the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft. The trip was smooth and took about three hours. We are the first mammals (哺乳动物) to visit Tiangong with astronauts! We trained for over 60 days to come here. I remember two hard tests. First, I stood on a spinning rod (旋转杆). I held on tightly with my front paws. It was difficult, but I did it for 115 seconds! Then, I was spun around in a small box. After that, I walked on a balance beam (平衡木). I did not fall! We will stay in space for about one week. After that, we’ll fly back to Earth. Scientists will then study how our bodies may have changed. This will help them better understand the effects of space environments. I am excited to be here! More adventures are waiting. 1．How many astronauts take turns caring for the mice on the Tiangong Space Station? A．Three. B．Four. C．Six. D．Seven. 2．Which is the correct order of what happened to the mouse? a. being spun in a small box b. walking on a balance beam c. holding on a spinning rod for 115 seconds d. flying on the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft A．c-a-b-d B．d-c-a-b C．c-a-d-b D．a-c-b-d 3．How long will the mice stay in the Tiangong Space Station? A．About three hours. B．About 60 days. C．About one week. D．About 115 seconds. 4．What will scientists do after the mice return to Earth? A．Train the mice for more tests. B．Study changes in the mice’s bodies. C．Send the mice to another space station. D．Let the mice live with other animals. 5．What is the main purpose of this diary? A．To explain how astronauts train. B．To tell the history of space flights. C．To introduce the Tiangong Space Station. D．To describe a mouse’s space journey. Passage 4 On Sept 28, the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) showed a new spacesuit (宇航服) for landing on the moon. This is part of the country’s plan to send astronauts to the moon by 2030. The agency is also inviting people to help pick a name for the spacesuit. The spacesuit is made with many new technologies. It is lighter and more comfortable than other Chinese spacesuits. ①Material 材质The environment on the moon is harsh (恶劣的). It can be as cold as -210℃ and as hot as 121℃. There is also a lot of dust (灰尘). To protect the astronauts, scientists used a special kind of fabric (面料) to make the spacesuit. ②Control panel 控制台 On the front of the spacesuit, there is a control panel. It has many functions and is very easy to use. ③Cameras 摄像机There are cameras on both sides of the helmet. They can take videos of things close up and far away. ④Visor 头盔面窗 The helmet has a special visor. It can stop the bright sunlight from hurting the astronauts’ eyes. It also gives astronauts a wider and clearer view（视野）. ⑤Joints 关节 The joints of the spacesuit are very flexible（灵活的）. Wearing it, astronauts can move their arms and legs easily in space. 1．What did CMSA invite the public to do? A．Test the spacesuit. B．Name the spacesuit. C．Choose the spacesuit. D．Produce the spacesuit. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．The visors can protect astronauts from solar wind. B．The control panel is on the back of the spacesuit. C．The special material can keep astronauts safe. D．The cameras are on either side of the helmet. 3．What does the underlined word “flexible” in “Joints” part mean? A．for many different purposes B．can change into different shapes C．be able to move easily and freely D．can get used to a new environment 4．Where is this article probably taken from? A．A textbook. B．A story book. C．A diary. D．A science magazine. Passage 5 请阅读全文，并从下面的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文的意思完整、连贯。 How to go to space On 30th October, 2024 Shenzhou XIX was sent into space. That is the nineteenth manned spaceship since Yang Liwei reached for the stars in 2003 on Shenzhou V. Have you ever dreamed of becoming an astronaut? 1 2 To be an astronaut, you need to be healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and lungs (心肺) are important. You’d better not have other small problems. For example, you can’t have scars (伤疤). They may split in space.    Become stronger with hard training.           In China, you must be a great pilot before being an astronaut. You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents. 3 You will wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for 6 or 7 hours without eating or going to the toilet. Learn science. Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 lessons to get ready for a mission, including Maths, English, spaceship design, physics and many more. 4 Do you know? Even if you are great enough to become a backup (备用的) astronaut, 5 . During the Shenzhou XIII mission, only three astronauts can go into space. But there are another 13 backup astronauts. They can’t go. They are the unsung heroes of the space programme. A．They also need to do scientific experiments about space. B．You will start training when you become a backup astronaut. C．Health is important. D．How do Chinese astronauts make it? E．it is possible that you will never go to space. F．Why do they go there? Passage 6 任务型阅读：阅读短文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。 Let us find out what a blue moon is together A blue moon is the third of four full moons, or the second full moon in a calendar month (日历月) with two full moons. There are usually 12 full moons each year, but sometimes there’s a 13th one, because there are about 29.5 days between full moons in fact, not one month. Blue moons occur once every two to three years, far less common (普遍的) than full moons. There’s a popular saying about this in English: “Once in a blue moon.” It means something that happens (发生) not very often. The blue moon’s name has nothing to do with its color, but there is a small chance that the moon shows blue. For example, in 1883 an Indonesian volcano erupted (印度尼西亚火山喷发) and sent ash (灰烬) into the atmosphere. The tiny ash particles (颗粒) filtered (过滤) red light and made both the moon and sun appear blue. The next monthly blue moon is expected on May 31, 2026, but the next seasonal one is on Aug. 19 or 20, 2024. The dates may change with your time zone. 1．What is a blue moon? 2．How many full moons are there each year? 3．How often do blue moons occur? 4．Can the moon turn blue? 5．When may the next blue moon be? $