Unit 5 Off to space（重难词汇精练）英语沪教版2024七年级上册

Unit 5 Off to space 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 航天服；宇航服 n. 景色；风景 v. 收集；采集 adv. 总有一天；有朝一日 v. 离开 n. 经历；阅历 n. 千米；公里 n. 着陆器 adj. 虚弱的；无力的 n. 岛 v. （用线、绳等）栓 adj. 古老的；很老的 adj. 低于通常（或平均）数量（或水平、价值）的 n. 诗 v. 有……重；重 v. 表示；表达；表露 v. 呼吸 n. 决心；坚毅；坚定 n. 设施；设备 n. 宇宙 n. 冒险；冒险经历；奇遇 adv. 已经；早已 v. 沿某方向前进；向某方向移动 n. 世纪 n. 实验；试验 n. 邻居 v. 使做好准备；把……预备好 v. 环行 n. 梦想；理想 v. 做梦；梦见 n. 表面；表层；面 n. 机会；机遇 v. 放开；松开；使自由移动（或飞翔、降落等） v. 邮寄；发送 n. 千克；公斤 n. 序言；引言 n. 计划；方案 短语 空间站 进入轨道 锻炼；运动 数以千计；成千上万 拍照 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. collect——__________（n.）收藏 2. weigh——__________（n.）重量 3. breathe——__________（n.）呼吸 4. prepare——__________（n.）准备 5. introduction——__________（v.）介绍 6. lander——__________（v.）着陆 7. express——__________（n.）表达，表情 8. determination——__________（v.）决心，决定 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. If you ________ something, you hold two or more things together with a rope. A. tie B. weigh C. carry D. collect 2. She ________ a birthday party next Saturday. A. have B. has C. will have D. is having 3. If I go to the English corner more often, I will have more ________ to speak English. A. changes B. chances C. events D. ways 4. I hope they ________ the game. A. will win B. to win C. wins D. are win 5. Mia ________ a birthday cake for her mum tomorrow. A. makes B. is going to make C. made D. make 6. Will you ________ to come to my party tomorrow? A. able B. be abled C. be D. be able 7. My camera can’t ________. Can you help me take a photo? A. think B. work C. begin D. stop 8. —Tina feels very ________ because she has a cold. —Let’s take her to see the doctor. A. hungry B. bored C. weak D. nervous 9. I often sit in the front of the classroom ________ I can hear the teacher clearly. A. because of B. if C. so that D. though 10. — Lucy, ________ your dog to the tree! Don’t let it go after us.       — But I want to take it with us. A. tie B. give C. pick D. send 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. We can enjoy a beautiful (景色，风景）of the lake from our classroom window. 2. The new sports (设施，设备）in our school has a big swimming pool. 3. I hope I can get a (机会）to visit the zoo this weekend. 4. My (梦想）is to become a teacher and help little kids learn. 5. My mom will (邮寄）a postcard to my grandma in the countryside. 6. I want to travel around the world (有朝一日）when I grow up. 7. Tom loves (冒险）, like climbing small hills with his friends. 8. Lily likes to (收集）colorful stamps from different countries. 9. We need to (使做好准备）snacks and drinks for the picnic tomorrow. 10. Don’t forget to (离开，留下）your umbrella at the door before entering. 五、完成句子 1. 在这个房间拍照有点困难，因为房间里很暗。 It’s difficult to in the room because it’s very dark. 2. 每个人都需要学习一些有关急救的知识。 Everyone learn something about first aid. 3. 对于我们来说，锻炼是很重要的。 It’s important for us to . 4. 建造长城花了数千人许多年的时间。 people many years to build the Great Wall. 5. 艾丽斯将为她下周的学校旅行做准备。 Iris will her school trip next week. 6. 我们上个星期天没能召开运动会是因为下雨了。 We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday the rain. 7. 穿一件雨衣，以防你淋湿。 Put on a raincoat you won’t get yourself wet. 8. 探测器最初未能成功进入轨道。 The probe failed to ⁠ at first. 9. 当宇航员需要在太空停留时，他们会去空间站。 Astronauts will go to the when they need to stay in space. 10. 课堂上你们应该尽可能多地问老师问题。 You should ask the teacher questions in class. 11. 宇宙飞船将会带我们上月球。 The spaceship us the moon. 词汇语境练-语篇 六、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） tall  life  two  walk  have  it  with  same  but  hour China’s Maiden (首次的) Program on the Red Planet a Success August 26, 2021 6:30 P.M. AP China’s Mars (火星) rover (漫游者), Zhurong, finished its first program (项目). 1 it won’t go back to Earth. It 2 other missions (任务). One of its missions is looking for frozen water to find clues (迹象) about 3 on Mars. After the United States, China is the 4 country to land and sustainably (可持续地) operate (操作) a spacecraft (航天器) on Mars. On Mars there are 24 5 and 40 minutes in a day. Zhurong is 1.85m 6 . It is smaller than the American Perseverance rover. Perseverance is exploring (探索) Mars 7 a tiny helicopter (直升机). At the 8 time, China is building 9 permanent space (太空) station, with three astronauts (宇航员) now on the Tianhe core. Two of them 10 in space on August 20. 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的词， 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 This is a diary kept by Lijun 1 10 October, 2053. I’m so happy that I’ll be one of the first 2 (student) to travel into space tomorrow. The spaceship 3 (leave) the Earth at 9 a.m. It’ll take us to the Moon. I can’t wait to go there right now. The Moon is about 380,000 kilometres from the Earth, so we will spend about four days 4 (get) there. There is much 5 (low) gravity than the Earth in space, so we’ll be floating in the spaceship. We’ll have to tie 6 (we) to our beds so that we won’t float away in our sleep! 7 gravity, our bodies may get weak, so we’ll have to do exercises every day. When we arrive, I 8 (walk) on the Moon. I’ll have to wear a spacesuit to help me 9 (breath) because there’s no air on the Moon. I’m going to take as 10 (much) photos as I can, that is to say, if my camera still works up there… $$Unit 5 Off to space 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 spacesuit n. 航天服；宇航服 view n. 景色；风景 collect v. 收集；采集 someday adv. 总有一天；有朝一日 leave v. 离开 experience n. 经历；阅历 kilometre n. 千米；公里 lander n. 着陆器 weak adj. 虚弱的；无力的 island n. 岛 tie v. （用线、绳等）栓 ancient adj. 古老的；很老的 low adj. 低于通常（或平均）数量（或水平、价值）的 poem n. 诗 weigh v. 有……重；重 express v. 表示；表达；表露 breathe v. 呼吸 determination n. 决心；坚毅；坚定 facility n. 设施；设备 universe n. 宇宙 adventure n. 冒险；冒险经历；奇遇 already adv. 已经；早已 pass v. 沿某方向前进；向某方向移动 century n. 世纪 experiment n. 实验；试验 neighbour n. 邻居 prepare v. 使做好准备；把……预备好 circle v. 环行 dream n. 梦想；理想 v. 做梦；梦见 surface n. 表面；表层；面 chance n. 机会；机遇 release v. 放开；松开；使自由移动（或飞翔、降落等） send v. 邮寄；发送 kilogram n. 千克；公斤 introduction n. 序言；引言 programme n. 计划；方案 短语 space station 空间站 get into orbit 进入轨道 do exercise 锻炼；运动 thousands of 数以千计；成千上万 take photos 拍照 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. collect——__________（n.）收藏 2. weigh——__________（n.）重量 3. breathe——__________（n.）呼吸 4. prepare——__________（n.）准备 5. introduction——__________（v.）介绍 6. lander——__________（v.）着陆 7. express——__________（n.）表达，表情 8. determination——__________（v.）决心，决定 【答案】1. collection 2. weight 3. breath 4. preparation 5. introduce 6. land 7. expression 8. determine 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. If you ________ something, you hold two or more things together with a rope. A. tie B. weigh C. carry D. collect 【详解】句意：如果你捆上某个东西的话，你就是用绳子把两个或更多的东西绑在一起。 考查动词辨析。tie系，捆；weigh称；carry搬运；collect收集。由“you hold two or more things together with a rope”可知，如果你捆上某个东西的话。故选A。 2. She ________ a birthday party next Saturday. A. have B. has C. will have D. is having 【详解】句意：下周六她将有一个生日聚会。 考查动词时态。根据“next Saturday”可知，动词时态为一般将来时。故选C。 3. If I go to the English corner more often, I will have more ________ to speak English. A. changes B. chances C. events D. ways 【详解】句意：如果我更频繁地去英语角，我将有更多的机会说英语。 考查名词辨析。changes改变；chances机会；events事件；ways方法。根据“If I go to the English corner more often”可知，多去英语角就会有更多说英语的机会。选B。 4. I hope they ________ the game. A. will win B. to win C. wins D. are win 【详解】句意：我希望他们能赢得比赛。 考查动词时态。hope后接从句，表示对未来的希望时，从句中常用“will+动词原形”结构。选项B不符合hope的用法，选项C和D的动词形式不正确。故选A。 5. Mia ________ a birthday cake for her mum tomorrow. A. makes B. is going to make C. made D. make 【详解】句意：米娅明天将为她的妈妈做一个生日蛋糕。 考查一般将来时。根据“tomorrow”可知，此处应用一般将来时。故选B。 6. Will you ________ to come to my party tomorrow? A. able B. be abled C. be D. be able 【详解】句意：你明天能来参加我的聚会吗？ 考查形容词短语。短语be able to do sth.意为“能够做某事”，will后接动词原形，所以be动词保持原形。故选D。 7. My camera can’t ________. Can you help me take a photo? A. think B. work C. begin D. stop 【详解】句意：我的相机坏了。你能帮我拍张照片吗？ 考查动词辨析。think想；work操作，工作；begin开始；stop停止。根据“Can you help me take a photo?”可知，由于“我”的相机不能操作了、坏了，所以“我”才请求他人帮“我”拍照。故选B。 8. —Tina feels very ________ because she has a cold. —Let’s take her to see the doctor. A. hungry B. bored C. weak D. nervous 【详解】句意：——蒂娜感觉很虚弱，因为她感冒了。——我们带她去看医生吧。 考查形容词辨析。hungry饥饿的；bored感到厌倦的；weak虚弱的；nervous紧张的。根据“because she has a cold”可知，由于蒂娜感冒了，所以她感觉很虚弱。故选C。 9. I often sit in the front of the classroom ________ I can hear the teacher clearly. A. because of B. if C. so that D. though 【详解】句意：我经常坐在教室前面，这样我就能听清老师讲课。 考查连词。because of因为；if如果；so that以便；though尽管。根据“I often sit in the front of the classroom…I can hear the teacher clearly”可知，经常坐在教室前面是为了能听清老师讲课，需要用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。 10. — Lucy, ________ your dog to the tree! Don’t let it go after us.       — But I want to take it with us. A. tie B. give C. pick D. send 【详解】句意：——露西，把你的狗拴在树上！别让它跟着我们。——但我想把它带走。 考查动词辨析。tie将……系在……上；give给；pick采；send邮寄。根据“Don’t let it go after us.”以及“But I want to take it with us”可知，第一个空格所在句说的是“把狗拴在树上”。考查tie...to...“将……系在……上”，故选A。 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. We can enjoy a beautiful (景色，风景）of the lake from our classroom window. 2. The new sports (设施，设备）in our school has a big swimming pool. 3. I hope I can get a (机会）to visit the zoo this weekend. 4. My (梦想）is to become a teacher and help little kids learn. 5. My mom will (邮寄）a postcard to my grandma in the countryside. 6. I want to travel around the world (有朝一日）when I grow up. 7. Tom loves (冒险）, like climbing small hills with his friends. 8. Lily likes to (收集）colorful stamps from different countries. 9. We need to (使做好准备）snacks and drinks for the picnic tomorrow. 10. Don’t forget to (离开，留下）your umbrella at the door before entering. 【答案】1. view 2. facility 3. chance 4. dream 5. send 6. someday 7. adventure 8. collect 9. prepare 10. leave 五、完成句子 1. 在这个房间拍照有点困难，因为房间里很暗。 It’s difficult to in the room because it’s very dark. 2. 每个人都需要学习一些有关急救的知识。 Everyone learn something about first aid. 3. 对于我们来说，锻炼是很重要的。 It’s important for us to . 4. 建造长城花了数千人许多年的时间。 people many years to build the Great Wall. 5. 艾丽斯将为她下周的学校旅行做准备。 Iris will her school trip next week. 6. 我们上个星期天没能召开运动会是因为下雨了。 We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday the rain. 7. 穿一件雨衣，以防你淋湿。 Put on a raincoat you won’t get yourself wet. 8. 探测器最初未能成功进入轨道。 The probe failed to ⁠ at first. 9. 当宇航员需要在太空停留时，他们会去空间站。 Astronauts will go to the when they need to stay in space. 10. 课堂上你们应该尽可能多地问老师问题。 You should ask the teacher questions in class. 11. 宇宙飞船将会带我们上月球。 The spaceship us the moon. 【答案】1. take photos 2. needs to 3. do exercise 4. It took thousands of 5. prepare for 6. because of 7. so that 8. get into orbit 9. space station 10. as many as you can 11. will take, to 词汇语境练-语篇 六、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） tall  life  two  walk  have  it  with  same  but  hour China’s Maiden (首次的) Program on the Red Planet a Success August 26, 2021 6:30 P.M. AP China’s Mars (火星) rover (漫游者), Zhurong, finished its first program (项目). 1 it won’t go back to Earth. It 2 other missions (任务). One of its missions is looking for frozen water to find clues (迹象) about 3 on Mars. After the United States, China is the 4 country to land and sustainably (可持续地) operate (操作) a spacecraft (航天器) on Mars. On Mars there are 24 5 and 40 minutes in a day. Zhurong is 1.85m 6 . It is smaller than the American Perseverance rover. Perseverance is exploring (探索) Mars 7 a tiny helicopter (直升机). At the 8 time, China is building 9 permanent space (太空) station, with three astronauts (宇航员) now on the Tianhe core. Two of them 10 in space on August 20. 【答案】1. But 2. has 3. life 4. second 5. hours 6. tall 7. with 8. same 9. its 10. walked 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述中国火星车“祝融号”完成首次火星探测任务，并介绍了相关任务细节和火星的基本信息。 1. 句意：但它不会返回地球。根据“finished its first program”和“it won’t go back to Earth.”以及备选词汇可知，前后表示转折关系，虽然完成了任务，但不会返回地球。but“但是”，表示转折关系的连词。位于句首，首字母大写。故填But。 2. 句意：它有其他任务。描述事实用一般现在时。根据“other missions”和备选词汇可知，此处指有其他任务。have“有”，动词。位于主语“It”后，用三单形式的has。故填has。 3. 句意：它的任务之一是寻找冰冻水以寻找火星上生命的线索。根据“frozen water”和“clues”以及备选词汇可知，此处指通过寻找水源来发现生命。life“生命”，不可数名词。故填life。 4. 句意：中国是继美国之后第二个成功着陆并持续在火星运行航天器的国家。根据“After the United States”和备选词汇可知，中国是第二个着陆火星并运行航天器的货架，此处需用序数词，表示顺序。two“两个”，基数词，序数词为second。故填second。 5. 句意：火星上一天有24小时40分钟。根据“in a day.”和备选词汇可知，此处指24小时40分钟。hour“小时”，可数名词，位于“24”后，填复数的hours。故填hours。 6. 句意：祝融号高1.85米。根据“1.85 m”和备选词汇可知，此处描述高度，需用形容词作表语。tall“高的”，形容词。故填tall。 7. 句意：毅力号正带着小型直升机探索火星。此处表示伴随关系用介词with。故填with。 8. 句意：与此同时，中国正在建设永久性空间站，目前天和核心舱内有三名宇航员。根据“At the”和“time”以及备选词汇可知，此处指同一时间，中国在建设永久空间站。at the same time“同时”，为固定搭配。故填same。 9. 句意：与此同时，中国正在建设永久性空间站，目前天和核心舱内有三名宇航员。根据“permanent space (太空) station”和备选词汇可知，此处指正在建设中国自己的永久性空间站。空处位于名词“station”前，用形容词性物主代词作定语。it“它”，主格或宾格，形容词性物主代词为its“它的”。故填its。 10. 句意：其中两名宇航员于8月20日在太空行走。根据“August 20”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，空处位于主语“Two of them”后，填动词过去式作谓语。根据“in space”和备选词汇可知，此处指在太空行走。walk“走路”，动词，过去式为walked。故填walked。 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的词， 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 This is a diary kept by Lijun 1 10 October, 2053. I’m so happy that I’ll be one of the first 2 (student) to travel into space tomorrow. The spaceship 3 (leave) the Earth at 9 a.m. It’ll take us to the Moon. I can’t wait to go there right now. The Moon is about 380,000 kilometres from the Earth, so we will spend about four days 4 (get) there. There is much 5 (low) gravity than the Earth in space, so we’ll be floating in the spaceship. We’ll have to tie 6 (we) to our beds so that we won’t float away in our sleep! 7 gravity, our bodies may get weak, so we’ll have to do exercises every day. When we arrive, I 8 (walk) on the Moon. I’ll have to wear a spacesuit to help me 9 (breath) because there’s no air on the Moon. I’m going to take as 10 (much) photos as I can, that is to say, if my camera still works up there… 【答案】1. on 2. students 3. is going to leave/will leave 4. getting 5. lower 6. ourselves 7. Without 8. am going to walk/will walk 9. breathe 10. many 【导语】本文是一篇关于畅想去太空的日记。 1. 句意：这是丽君于2053年10月10日写的日记。具体某一天用介词on。故填on。 2. 句意：我很高兴明天我将成为第一批进入太空的学生之一。one of后接名词复数。故填students。 3. 句意：宇宙飞船将于上午9点离开地球。此处时态为一般将来时，结构为be going to/will do，主语是the spaceship，be动词用is。故填is going to leave/will leave。 4. 句意：月球距离地球约38万公里，因此我们将花大约四天的时间到达那里。spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，故填getting。 5. 句意：太空中的重力比地球低得多，所以我们将漂浮在宇宙飞船中。结合than，此处需用比较级，故填lower。 6. 句意：我们必须把自己绑在床上，这样我们就不会在睡梦中漂走了！此处是指“必须把自己绑在床上”，ourselves“我们自己”，故填ourselves。 7. 句意：没有重力，我们的身体可能会变得虚弱，所以我们必须每天锻炼。根据“gravity, our bodies may get weak”可知是指没有重力，我们的身体可能会变得虚弱，without“没有”，故填Without。 8. 句意：当我们到达时，我将在月球上行走。时态为一般将来时，结构为be going to/will do。主语是I，be动词用am。故填am going to walk/will walk。 9. 句意：我必须穿宇航服来帮助呼吸，因为月球上没有空气。help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，breathe“呼吸”，动词。故填breathe。 10. 句意：我会尽可能多地拍照，也就是说，如果我的相机在那里还能用的话……此处修饰复数photos，需用many。故填many。 $$