2027届高考英语基础薄弱生提分讲义-素材背诵版（应用文写作专项）

高考英语基础薄弱生提分讲义 素材背诵版 · 应用文写作专项 高考英语基础薄弱生提分讲义 提分指南：从不及格到 100 分 一、为什么主攻应用文写作？ 高考英语全国卷题型与分值如下： 题型 分值 不及格学生现状 提分难度 提分空间 听力 30 12-18分 难（需长期积累） 较小 阅读理解 40 16-24分 中 6-8分 完形填空 15 5-8分 难 3-4分 语法填空 15 4-7分 中（考点固定） 5-6分 应用文写作 15 5-8分 易（模板性强） 5-7分 读后续写 25 8-12分 较难 3-5分 看出问题了吗？应用文写作是投入产出比最高的一项：它不要求你认识 3500 个单词，只要求你背熟几百个高频短语和十几个句型，就能把作文从"小学生水平"提升到"优秀作文"水平。其他题型需要长期积累，而作文，30 天就能见效。 二、应用文写作保分三原则 原则一：写对永远比写难重要。 一个正确的简单句得 1 分，一个错误的难句扣 1 分。基础薄弱的同学，请先用 90% 的简单正确句 + 10% 的"挑战句"组成作文，稳稳拿下 11-12 分，再考虑冲击 13-14 分。 原则二：三段式永远不会错。 无论什么体裁的应用文，开头段（说明身份和目的）＋ 主体段（具体内容）＋ 结尾段（客套和期待），按这个骨架写，结构分就拿满了。 原则三：字数写满，字迹工整。 高考应用文要求 80 词左右。写到 80-100 词，分段清晰，字迹清楚，扫描到电脑上才看得清。字迹差的同学，现在开始练衡水体，作文白捡 1-2 分。 3、 应用文写作五大基本句型：英语句子的“钢筋骨架” 高考英语成千上万的句子，拆开来看，都逃不出下面 5 种基本句型。练熟这 5 个句型，你就拥有了"造句机器"。 公式1：主语（谁）+ 谓语（做什么） 英语中，主语后面必须跟一个动词，这个动词能独立完成意思，不需要宾语。 例句（每个都是高考作文高频话题）： The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） Great changes have taken place in my hometown.（我的家乡发生了巨大变化。） The sports meeting ended successfully.（运动会圆满结束了。） Time flies.（时光飞逝。） The bell rang and the students rushed out of the classroom.（铃声响了，学生们冲出教室。） 公式2：主语（谁）+ 谓语（动作）+ 宾语（动作的承受者） "主谓宾"是英语中使用最多的句型，作文里一半以上的句子都是它。动词必须是及物动词（能带宾语的动词）。 例句： I love English.（我爱英语。） Reading English every morning improves my language sense.（每天晨读英语提升了我的语感。） The activity broadened our horizons.（活动开阔了我们的视野。） We should cherish every opportunity to practice.（我们应珍惜每一个练习的机会。） Our school holds an art festival every year.（我们学校每年举办艺术节。） 公式3：主语 + be 动词（am/is/are）+ 名词 / 形容词 / 介词短语 系动词口诀：be 动词打头阵，感官动词随后跟（look, sound, feel, taste, smell），变化动词记心头（become, get, grow, turn），保持状态用 remain/keep/stay。 例句： The activity is very meaningful.（这次活动非常有意义。） The speech contest was a great success.（演讲比赛非常成功。） I am interested in traditional Chinese culture.（我对中国传统文化感兴趣。） The photos remind me of my childhood.（这些照片让我想起了童年。） Your idea sounds great.（你的主意听起来很棒。） 公式4：主语 + 谓语 + 人（间接宾语）+ 物（直接宾语） 常用动词：give, send, offer, tell, teach, show, bring, wish 例句： The camp offered us a chance to try new things.（夏令营给了我们尝试新事物的机会。） My teacher gave me some useful advice.（我的老师给了我一些有用的建议。） The activity brought us joy and friendship.（活动给我们带来了快乐和友谊。） I will send you the photos tomorrow.（我明天把照片发给你。） Reading brings me a lot of pleasure.（阅读给我带来很多乐趣。） 公式5：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 补充说明宾语的成分（形容词/名词/不定式） 常用动词：make, keep, find, leave, call, help 例句： Reading makes me confident.（阅读使我自信。） We should keep our classroom clean.（我们应该保持教室整洁。） The experience helped me become more independent.（这段经历帮助我变得更独立。） I found the activity really rewarding.（我发现这次活动真的很有收获。） Exercise keeps us healthy.（运动使我们保持健康。） 四、十五个应用文失分点 下面 15 个错误，覆盖了 50-80 分学生 90% 的扣分点。每个错误都按"病句 → 病因 → 药方"诊断。 错误 1：very 直接修饰动词 病句：I very like English. 药方：very 不能修饰动词，要放在句末或用 really。I like English very much. / I really like English. 错误 2：动词原形当主语 病句：Improve English is important. 药方：动词原形不能作主语，要变成动名词（doing）。Improving English is important. 错误 3：一个句子两个主语 病句：There are many students take part in the activity. 药方：There be 句型中，后面的动词要用 ing 或换主谓结构。Many students take part in the activity. 错误 4：形容词副词混用 病句：The activity is very meaning. 药方：系动词后接形容词。The activity is very meaningful. 错误 5：时态混乱（重灾区） 病句：Last week our school hold a sports meeting. 药方：有时间状语（last week）就要用过去时。Last week our school held a sports meeting. 错误 6：because 和 so 连用（中文思维直译） 病句：Because the weather was bad, so we stayed at home. 药方：英语中二者只能留一个。Because the weather was bad, we stayed at home. / The weather was bad, so we stayed at home. 错误 7：Not only 倒装错误 病句：Not only it broadens our horizons, but also it improves our skills. 药方：Not only 在句首，后面要部分倒装（助动词提前）。基础薄弱的同学建议改用不倒装的安全版：It not only broadens our horizons but also improves our skills. 错误 8：look forward to 后面动词加ing 病句：I am look forward to hear from you. 药方：应为 looking（现在进行时）且 to 是介词，后接 doing。I am looking forward to hearing from you. 错误 9：词性错误 病句：With the develop of China, our life is better and better. 药方：with 后接名词。With the development of China, our life is getting better and better. 错误 10：I think 和 In my opinion 重复 病句：In my opinion, I think the activity is good. 药方：二选一。In my opinion, the activity is good. 错误 11：The reason is because... 病句：The reason is because I like English. 药方：reason 后接 that 引导表语从句。The reason is that I like English. 错误 12：不可数名词加 s 病句：I have learned a lot of knowledges. 药方：knowledge, information, advice, news, furniture 都是不可数名词，不加 s。I have learned a lot of knowledge. 错误 13：句子粘连（缺连接词或标点） 病句：Thanks for your help, you are so kind. 药方：两个句子不能只用逗号连接。Thank you so much for your help. / I really appreciate your help. 错误 14：wish 用法错误 病句：I wish you can come to my party. 药方：表示"希望你能来"（有可能实现）用 hope。I hope you can come to my party. wish 多用于虚拟：I wish I could fly. 错误 15：How do you think of... 病句：How do you think of the activity? 药方：应为 What do you think of...? / How do you like...? 五、应用文格式规范 书信（Letter / Email）格式 位置 内容 示例 右上角（可省） 日期 June 8th, 2026 左上角 称呼 + 逗号 Dear Smith,（首字母大写，后面逗号） 正文 三段式 第一段说明身份和写信目的 右下角 结束语 + 署名 Yours, Li Hua / Best wishes, Li Hua 注意：署名统一写 Li Hua（高考规定人设），不要写真实姓名；给熟人写信署名前可加 Your friend / Your student。 通知（Notice）格式 标题居中写 Notice，正文交代"时间、地点、事件、要求"四要素，结尾交代主办单位（可写 The Student Union）和日期。通知不需要称呼和署名。 演讲稿 / 发言稿（Speech）格式 开头称呼（Dear friends, / Ladies and gentlemen,）+ 第一句自我介绍（I'm honored to...）+ 正文 + 结尾致谢（Thank you for listening!）。结尾必须有致谢语。 格式自查清单（考前默背） 1. 体裁判断对吗？（书信/通知/演讲稿） 2. 称呼首字母大写、后面逗号对吗？ 3. 正文分三段了吗？ 4. 时态统一吗？（叙述过去用过去时，介绍活动用将来时） 5. 字数够 80 词吗？ 6. 有结尾致谢/期待回复吗？ 7. 拼写检查一遍了吗？ 8. 字迹工整、涂改少吗？ 6、 应用文十大素材模板 专题一 目的影响类：为什么参加、有什么意义 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：开阔眼界、增长知识（视野知识类） broaden / expand one's horizons 开阔视野 enrich one's knowledge 丰富知识 gain a deeper understanding of... 加深对……的理解 expose oneself to new ideas and cultures 接触新思想、新文化 open up a new world to sb 为某人打开一个新世界 widen one's view of the world 拓宽世界观 第二组：提高能力、培养品质（能力品格类） improve one's communication skills 提高沟通能力 develop a sense of responsibility 培养责任感 build up confidence 增强自信 cultivate team spirit 培养团队精神 sharpen one's critical thinking 磨练批判性思维 develop a good habit of... 养成……的好习惯 第三组：收获感悟（情感收获类） learn the value of giving 懂得付出的价值 gain a sense of achievement 获得成就感 gain a sense of fulfillment 获得满足感 shape one's character 塑造品格 inspire sb to pursue one's dream 激励某人追逐梦想 leave a lasting impression on sb 给某人留下深刻印象 第四组：万能意义句（什么话题都能套） ...prove to be a rewarding experience ……被证明是一次有意义的经历 ...make a real difference to... ……对……产生真正的影响 ...serve as a valuable opportunity to... ……作为……的宝贵机会 ...benefit sb both physically and mentally ……使某人身心受益 It is a meaningful journey of growth. 这是一段有意义的成长之旅。 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：The activity is meaningful because it can + 动词原形 结构：主语 + be 动词 + 形容词 + because + 原因从句。这是最保险的意义句，阅卷老师最眼熟。 The activity is meaningful because it can broaden our horizons. （这次活动很有意义，因为它能开阔我们的视野。） The camp is valuable because it can improve our communication skills. （这个夏令营很有价值，因为它能提高我们的沟通能力。） The experience is unforgettable because it taught me the value of teamwork. （这段经历难以忘怀，因为它教会了我团队合作的价值。） 模板 A：收获式结尾段（用于书信、申请信结尾） I believe this experience will be very ①__________（形容词：meaningful/rewarding）. It will not only ②__________（动词短语：broaden my horizons）, but also ③__________（动词短语：improve my communication skills）. I am sure it will ④__________（万能句：leave a lasting impression on me）. 模板 B：意义式开头段（用于演讲稿、征文稿、报道开头） As we all know, ①__________（活动名称）is of great significance to us students. It can not only ②__________（意义一）, but also ③__________（意义二）. In my opinion, it is really a rewarding experience ④__________（定语从句：which/that we should not miss）. 升级版范文（约 95 词，13-14 分档） Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, a senior student from our school. I am writing to apply for the volunteer program in our community. I think this activity is very meaningful because it not only gives us a chance to serve the elderly, but also helps us develop a sense of responsibility. What's more, it can improve our communication skills and build up our confidence. I am sure this rewarding experience will leave a lasting impression on me. I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. Yours, Li Hua 专题二 建议类：建议信与倡议书 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：提出建议的开头（礼貌引入） I am writing to offer you some suggestions on... 我写信就……给你一些建议 I would like to share some advice with you. 我想和你分享一些建议 Here are some tips for you. 这里有一些给你的小建议 Faced with..., you might as well try the following ways. 面对……，你不妨试试以下方法 第二组：具体建议（该做什么） you'd better (not) do... 你最好（不）做…… it would be a good idea to do... ……是个好主意 why not do...? / how about doing...? 为什么不……呢？ it is advisable to do... 建议做…… you are supposed to do... 你应该做…… take effective measures to do... 采取有效措施做…… make full use of... 充分利用…… set aside some time for... 留出一些时间做…… 第三组：说明理由（为什么提这个建议） for one thing...; for another... 一方面……；另一方面…… this will help you (to) do... 这会帮助你…… by doing so, you can... 通过这样做，你可以…… it is beneficial to... 这对……有益 第四组：万能结尾（客气收尾） I hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. 希望我的建议对你有所帮助。 I would appreciate it if you could take my advice into consideration. 如能考虑我的建议，我将不胜感激。 I sincerely hope you will find these suggestions useful. 真诚希望你发现这些建议有用。 【学什么】四个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：You'd better (not) + 动词原形 这是最常用、最安全的建议句型。you'd better = you had better，后接动词原形，否定直接在 better 后加 not。 You'd better make a reasonable study plan first. （你最好先制定一个合理的学习计划。） You'd better not stay up too late before the exam. （考试前你最好不要熬夜。） You'd better spend at least 30 minutes reading English every day. （你最好每天至少花 30 分钟读英语。） 模板 A：建议信主体段（给朋友/晚辈的建议） Knowing that you are troubled by ①__________（问题）, I would like to offer you some suggestions. For one thing, you'd better ②__________（建议一）, which will help you ③__________（好处一）. For another, it is a good idea to ④__________（建议二）, because ⑤__________（原因）. If I were you, I would ⑥__________（建议三）. I hope these suggestions will be of some help to you. 模板 B：倡议书主体段（面向群体的号召） As students, it is our duty to ①__________（行动）. For one thing, we should ②__________（建议一）. For another, we are supposed to ③__________（建议二）. It would be a good idea to ④__________（建议三）. Let's take action right now and make a difference! 升级版范文（约 95 词，13-14 分档） Dear Tom, I heard that you have been feeling stressed about the coming exam, and I'd like to offer you some suggestions. For one thing, you'd better make a reasonable study plan, which will help you use your time more wisely. For another, it would be a good idea to take exercise for at least 30 minutes every day, because it can refresh your mind and reduce stress. If I were you, I would also share your worries with your close friends. I believe a relaxed mind is the key to good performance. I hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. Yours, Li Hua 专题三 邀请类：邀请信 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：发出邀请（开头亮明目的） I am writing to invite you to... 我写信邀请您…… We would be delighted if you could join us. 如果您能加入我们，我们将非常高兴。 It would be our great honor to have you... 能有您……我们将不胜荣幸 I sincerely hope that you can join us in... 我真诚希望您能和我们一起…… 第二组：活动详情（时间地点内容） The activity will be held in the school hall on... 活动将于……在学校礼堂举行 It is scheduled to start at... and last for about... 活动定于……开始，持续约…… The theme of the event is... 活动的主题是…… A variety of activities will be arranged, including... 将安排多种活动，包括…… The highlight of the event will be... 活动的亮点将是…… 第三组：邀请理由（为什么邀请"你"） Considering your rich experience in... 考虑到您在……方面的丰富经验 We believe that your presence will add great value to... 我们相信您的出席将为……增添价值 Knowing that you are interested in..., we would like to invite you to... 得知您对……感兴趣，我们想邀请您…… We would like to invite you to share your experience with us. 我们想邀请您与我们分享经验 第四组：期待回复（礼貌收尾） We are looking forward to your early reply. 期待您早日回复。 Please let us know whether you can come. 请告知我们您能否前来。 We would appreciate it if you could confirm your availability soon. 如能尽快确认是否有空，我们将不胜感激。 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：I am writing to invite you to + 动词原形 最标准的邀请开头，任何场合都能用。 I am writing to invite you to attend our school art festival next Friday. （我写信邀请您参加下周五我校的艺术节。） I am writing to invite you to join us as a judge for the English speech contest. （我写信邀请您担任英语演讲比赛的评委。） 模板 A：邀请长辈/专家（正式） Dear ①__________, I am ②__________（身份）, writing on behalf of ③__________（组织）. I am writing to invite you to ④__________（活动）, which will be held in ⑤__________（地点）at ⑥__________（时间）. Considering your rich experience in ⑦__________（领域）, we would like to invite you to ⑧__________（具体事项：致辞/当评委/做讲座）. We would be honored if you could ⑨__________（重申邀请）. Please let us know whether you can come. We are looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 模板 B：邀请朋友（轻松） Dear ①__________, I'm writing to invite you to ②__________（活动）, which will be held ③__________（时间地点）. There will be ④__________（活动内容：美食/游戏/表演）, and the highlight will be ⑤__________（亮点）. Knowing that ⑥__________（你一直……，表示你们的关系/兴趣）, I really hope you can come. It wouldn't be the same without you! Please let me know if you can make it by ⑦__________（截止日期）. Yours, Li Hua 升级版范文（约 100 词，13-14 分档） Dear Ms. Taylor, I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union. I am writing on behalf of our school to invite you to our art festival, whose theme is "Colorful Youth". It will be held in the school hall at 2:00 p.m. next Friday and will last about two hours. Considering your rich experience in cross-cultural communication, we would like to invite you to deliver a short speech at the opening ceremony. We would be honored if you could share your insights with our students. Please let us know whether you can come. We are looking forward to your early reply! Yours, Li Hua 专题四 活动类：通知、报道与活动介绍 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：活动基本信息（时间地点） The activity will be held / take place in the school hall... 活动将在学校礼堂举行 It is scheduled to start at 8:00 a.m. and last for two hours. 定于上午8点开始，持续两小时 The event is open to all students. 活动面向全体学生开放 Participants will include teachers and students from different grades. 参加者包括各年级师生 第二组：活动内容（做什么） A variety of activities will be arranged, including... 将安排多种活动，包括…… The highlight of the event will be... 活动的亮点将是…… Students will have the chance to... 学生将有机会…… The event will feature singing, dancing and English drama performances. 活动将以歌舞和英语剧表演为特色 第三组：活动目的意义（为什么办） The activity is aimed at raising awareness of... 活动旨在提高对……的意识 It is designed to promote / foster / cultivate... 旨在促进/培养…… The purpose of the event is to... 活动的目的是…… This activity will provide a platform for... 活动将为……提供平台 第四组：参与号召（欢迎你来） Everyone is welcome to participate in... 欢迎所有人参加…… Don't miss this opportunity to... 不要错过这个……的机会 Sign up for the activity before the deadline. 请在截止日期前报名 For more information, please contact... 欲了解更多信息，请联系…… 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：The activity will be held in / at + 地点 + on / at + 时间 活动类作文第一必备句，把"时间地点"交代清楚，阅卷老师就知道你审题了。 The English speech contest will be held in the school hall next Friday afternoon. （英语演讲比赛将于下周五下午在学校礼堂举行。） The volunteer activity will take place in the community park at 8:00 a.m. this Saturday. （志愿活动将于本周六上午8点在社区公园举行。） 模板 A：书面通知（Notice） NOTICE A ①__________（活动名称）will be held ②__________（时间）in ③__________（地点）. It is designed to ④__________（目的）. A variety of activities will be arranged, including ⑤__________（活动内容1）and ⑥__________（活动内容2）. Everyone is welcome to ⑦__________（号召）. Those who are interested, please ⑧__________（报名方式）. Don't miss the chance to ⑨__________（收获）! The Student Union 模板 B：活动报道（校报投稿，记叙文） Last ①__________（时间）, our school successfully held a ②__________（活动名称）. Participating in this meaningful event, we ③__________（做了什么）. The activity was designed to ④__________（目的）. What impressed me most was ⑤__________（最难忘的一幕）. Not only did we ⑥__________（收获一）, but we also ⑦__________（收获二）. It was really a rewarding experience. 升级版范文（约 100 词，13-14 分档） Dear fellow students, May I have your attention, please? I'm glad to tell you that a reading festival will be held in our school library next month. It is designed to develop our interest in reading and enrich our school life. A variety of activities will be arranged, including book-sharing sessions, reading competitions and a talk by a famous writer. Participating in the festival, we will not only broaden our horizons but also make friends with those who love reading. Everyone is welcome to join us. Don't miss the chance to grow up with books! Thank you! 专题五 利弊类：观点对比与分析 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：表达优点/好处 have a positive effect on... 对……有积极影响 be beneficial to... 对……有益 bring about numerous benefits 带来诸多好处 contribute to... 有助于…… lay a solid foundation for... 为……打下坚实基础 open a window to... 打开一扇通往……的窗户 第二组：表达缺点/弊端 have a negative impact on... 对……有负面影响 do harm to... 对……有害 lead to a series of problems 导致一系列问题 be addicted to... 沉迷于…… take up too much time 占用太多时间 have side effects on... 对……有副作用 第三组：权衡比较（先承认、再转折） Every coin has two sides. 凡事都有两面性。 On the one hand...; on the other hand... 一方面……；另一方面…… While it is true that..., we cannot ignore its drawbacks. 诚然……，但我们不能忽视它的弊端。 Despite its advantages, ... 尽管它有优点，…… weigh the pros and cons before making a decision 做决定前权衡利弊 strike a balance between... and... 在……和……之间取得平衡 第四组：表明立场（总结句） I firmly believe that the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 我坚信利远大于弊。 There is no denying that... 不可否认…… In conclusion, it is up to us to make good use of... 总之，能否好好利用……取决于我们自己 We should adopt a balanced view on... 我们应该对……持平衡的看法 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：On the one hand...; on the other hand...（利弊对照） 写利弊的"第一句型"，一条一条摆事实，条理最清楚。 On the one hand, online learning offers us flexibility and saves traveling time; on the other hand, it lacks face-to-face communication with teachers. （一方面，线上学习给我们提供了灵活性，节省了通勤时间；另一方面，它缺少与老师面对面的交流。） 模板 A：主体利弊段 As we all know, everything has two sides, and ①__________（事物）is no exception. On the one hand, it ②__________（优点，如 brings us convenience and fun）. On the other hand, it ③__________（缺点，如 has a negative impact on our study if we spend too much time on it）. While it is true that ④__________（重申优点）, we cannot ignore its drawbacks. In my opinion, what matters most is ⑤__________（平衡建议，如 how we make good use of it）. 模板 B：表明立场段（结尾） In conclusion, I firmly believe that ①__________（立场：the advantages of... far outweigh the disadvantages）. As long as we ②__________（正确做法，如 make a reasonable plan and control our screen time）, we can ③__________（结果，如 enjoy the benefits without being controlled by it）. 升级版范文（约 100 词，13-14 分档） Dear Editor, I am writing to share my views on whether students should bring phones to school. As we all know, everything has two sides. On the one hand, phones make it convenient for us to contact our parents and search for learning materials; on the other hand, spending too much time on phones has a negative impact on our study and health. While it is true that phones bring us convenience, we cannot ignore their drawbacks. In my opinion, as long as we use phones in the right way and control our screen time, we can benefit from them. Yours, Li Hua 亮点拆解： make it convenient for us to contact our parents（使我们联系父母变得方便——make it + adj. + to do 结构） search for learning materials（查找学习资料——search for 比 look for 更书面） has a negative impact on our study and health（对我们的学习和健康有负面影响——impact 是高分词） control our screen time（控制我们的屏幕时间——screen time 地道表达） 专题六 承上启下类：让文章行云流水的"黏合剂" 【背什么】高频过渡词分组速记 第一组：表递进（还有、而且） what's more / besides 此外，而且 in addition 另外 moreover / furthermore 更重要的是 apart from this 除此之外 at the same time 同时 第二组：表转折（但是、然而） however 然而 nevertheless 不过，尽管如此 on the contrary 相反 instead 相反，取而代之 第三组：表因果（所以、因为） therefore / thus 因此 as a result (of...) 结果（由于……） that's why... 那就是为什么…… thanks to... 多亏了…… owing to / due to... 由于…… 第四组：表顺序（首先、其次、最后） first of all / firstly 首先 second / secondly / next 其次 besides / what's more 再者 finally / last but not least 最后（但同样重要） 第五组：表总结（总之） in a word / in short 简言之 all in all 总而言之 to sum up 总的来说 in conclusion 最后 第六组：表举例（比如） for example 例如 for instance 例如 such as... 比如…… take... as an example 以……为例 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：First, ... Second, ... Finally, ...（罗列要点） 提建议、讲理由、说活动安排，全部用它。注意 First 后面可以不加 ly，但 Second/Third 后面加 ly 更规范。 First, we should make full use of our time in class. Second, it is important to review what we have learned in time. Finally, don't forget to keep a balance between study and rest. （首先，我们应该充分利用课堂时间。其次，及时复习所学内容很重要。最后，别忘了劳逸结合。） · 衔接词改写对照 无衔接词版（8-9 分档） I joined the English club last term. I made many friends. I improved my spoken English. I became more confident. I am grateful to the club. I hope more students can join it. 升级版（13-14 分档） I joined the English club last term. First of all, I made many friends who share the same interest with me. Besides, my spoken English improved a lot because we practice every Wednesday. What's more, I have become more confident than before. Thanks to the club, I have grown a lot. In a word, I am truly grateful to the club, and I hope more students can join us and enjoy the fun! 对比结论：内容一模一样，只加了 5 个衔接词（First of all, Besides, What's more, Thanks to, In a word），作文从"流水账"变成"有条理的好文章"。这就是最便宜的提分。 专题七 歉意感激类：道歉信与感谢信 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：表达歉意（开头亮明目的） I am writing to express my sincere apology for... 我写信就……表达诚挚的歉意 I feel terribly sorry that... 我对……感到非常抱歉 I am writing to say sorry for... 我写信为……道歉 Please accept my sincere apology. 请接受我真诚的道歉 第二组：解释原因（为什么会这样） It was my carelessness that caused... 是我的粗心导致了…… I failed to... 我没能…… I didn't mean to... 我不是故意…… To be honest, ... 说实话，…… 第三组：弥补措施（怎么补救） To make up for my mistake, I would like to... 为了弥补我的错误，我想…… I promise it will never happen again. 我保证不会再发生。 I will do my best to make it up to you. 我会尽最大努力弥补你。 I hope you can give me another chance. 希望你能再给我一次机会 第四组：表达感谢（开头亮明目的） I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks for... 我写信就……表达衷心的感谢 I really appreciate your help. 我非常感谢你的帮助。 I can't thank you enough for... 我对……感激不尽 Words fail to express my gratitude. 言语无法表达我的感激。 第五组：感谢的原因（对方付出了什么） Without your help, I couldn't have... 没有你的帮助，我不可能…… It was your encouragement that... 正是你的鼓励…… You have done so much for me. 你为我做了那么多。 I will always remember your kindness. 我会永远记住你的善意。 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：I am writing to apologize / express my thanks for... 两种书信的"万能开头"，一个动词切换体裁，务必背熟。 I am writing to apologize for breaking your cup by accident. （我写信为不小心打碎你的杯子道歉。） I am writing to express my sincere thanks for your help with my English. （我写信感谢你在英语上对我的帮助。） 模板 A：道歉信三段式 Dear ①__________, I am writing to express my sincere apology for ②__________（道歉的事）. It was ③__________（原因）that ④__________（造成的结果）. To make up for my mistake, I would like to ⑤__________（弥补措施）. I promise it will never happen again. I hope you can forgive me and give me another chance. I am really sorry for the trouble I have caused. Yours, Li Hua 模板 B：感谢信三段式 Dear ①__________, I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks for ②__________（感谢的事）. I still remember ③__________（当时的情景：when I..., you...）. Without your help, I wouldn't have ④__________（不可能做到的事）. It was your ⑤__________（品质：kindness/encouragement/patience）that ⑥__________（带来的改变）. Thank you again for everything you have done for me. Yours, Li Hua 升级版范文（约 100 词，13-14 分档） Dear Lucy, I am writing to express my sincere apology for losing your pen, which means a lot to you. It was my carelessness that caused this trouble, and I feel terribly sorry about it. To make up for my mistake, I have bought a new one for you, and I hope it can be a good replacement. I promise I will be more careful in the future. Please forgive me and give me another chance. I am really sorry for the trouble I have caused. Yours, Li Hua 专题八 征稿要求类：征文启事 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：征稿主题与内容 The theme of the essay is... 征文主题是…… Articles should be focused on... 文章应聚焦于…… Contributions should be closely related to the topic of... 投稿应与……主题紧密相关 You are expected to write about... 你需要写关于……的内容 We welcome articles that reflect... 我们欢迎反映……的文章 第二组：稿件要求（硬性条件） Articles are required to be original. 文章必须原创。 Submissions should be no less than... words and no more than... words. 投稿字数应在……到……之间。 All contributions must be written in English. 所有投稿必须用英语撰写。 Please include your personal information at the end of the article. 请在文末附上个人信息。 Ensure that your writing is well-organized. 确保你的文章结构清晰。 第三组：截稿日期与提交方式 The deadline for submissions is... 投稿截止日期是…… Please submit your articles to... via email. 请通过电子邮件将稿件发送至…… Late submissions will not be accepted. 逾期投稿不予接收。 You can hand in your contribution to... 你可以把稿件交给…… 第四组：评审与奖励 All contributions will be carefully reviewed by a panel of judges. 所有投稿将由评委团认真评审。 Excellent articles will be published in... 优秀文章将刊登在…… Winners will be awarded certificates and prizes. 获奖者将获得证书和奖品。 The results will be announced on... 结果将于……公布。 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：You are expected to + 动词原形 对投稿者提要求的最常用句式，亲切又明确。 You are expected to write about your understanding of friendship. （你需要写一写你对友谊的理解。） You are expected to submit your article before the deadline. （你需要在截止日期前提交文章。） 模板：校园征稿启事 Contributions Wanted To ①__________（目的：enrich our campus life / celebrate...）, our ②__________（部门：school newspaper / English club）is now collecting articles on the theme of "③__________". Articles should be focused on ④__________（内容要求）. Submissions should be ⑤__________（要求一：no less than 100 words）, ⑥__________（要求二：written in English）and ⑦__________（要求三：original）. Please include your personal information at the end of your article. The deadline for submissions is ⑧__________（日期）. You can hand in your contribution to ⑨__________（提交方式）. Excellent articles will be published in our newspaper, and the writers will be awarded prizes. We are looking forward to your active participation! The Student Union 参考范文（约 100 词，13 分档） Contributions Wanted To celebrate the coming graduation season, our English club is now collecting articles on the theme of "My Unforgettable Memory in Junior High". Articles should be focused on true stories and your real feelings. Submissions should be no less than 100 words, written in English and original. Please include your name and class at the end of your article. The deadline for submissions is June 10th. You can send your articles to englishclub@163.com. Late submissions will not be accepted. Excellent articles will be read at the graduation ceremony and published in our school magazine. Winners will be awarded certificates and prizes. We are looking forward to your contributions! The English Club 专题九 申请求职类：申请信 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：申请开头（亮明目的） I am writing to apply for the position / opportunity of... 我写信申请……职位/机会 I am writing in response to your advertisement for... 我写信回应你们关于……的招聘 I am writing to express my keen interest in... 我写信表达我对……的强烈兴趣 第二组：个人背景（我是谁） I am a senior student from... 我是来自……的高三学生 I am currently studying at... 我目前在……学习 I have been actively involved in... 我一直积极参与…… I served as... in... 我曾在……担任…… 第三组：个人优势（我行在哪） I possess excellent communication and teamwork skills. 我具备出色的沟通和团队协作能力。 I have a good command of English. 我精通英语。 I am proficient in... / I am capable of... 我擅长……/我能够…… I am responsible, warm-hearted and easy to work with. 我有责任心、热心肠、容易相处。 My greatest strength is... 我最大的优势是…… 第四组：申请理由与承诺（为什么是我） I am eager to join... because... 我渴望加入……因为…… This opportunity appeals to me greatly because... 这个机会非常吸引我，因为…… I promise to devote myself wholeheartedly to... 我承诺全心全意投入…… I will do my utmost to meet your expectations. 我将尽最大努力不辜负您的期望。 第五组：结尾常用语 I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. 如您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 I am looking forward to your favorable reply. 期待您的肯定答复。 Thank you for taking the time to read my letter. 感谢您抽时间阅读我的信。 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：I am writing to apply for... 申请信第一句，任何申请都能用。 I am writing to apply for the position of volunteer for the coming sports meeting. （我写信申请运动会志愿者的岗位。） I am writing to apply for the summer camp held by your school. （我写信申请参加贵校举办的夏令营。） 模板：申请信四段式 Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, ①__________（身份：a senior student from our school）. I am writing to apply for ②__________（申请对象）. I believe I am qualified for this position because ③__________（优势一：理由）. Not only ④__________（优势二：do I have...）, but also I ⑤__________（优势三：have...）. In the past, I ⑥__________（相关经历：served as... / took part in...）, which has ⑦__________（收获：equipped me with...）. If I am chosen, I will ⑧__________（承诺：devote myself to... / do my best to...）. I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. I am looking forward to your favorable reply. Yours, Li Hua 【读什么】两篇范文对照 升级版范文（约 100 词，13-14 分档） Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, a senior student from our school. I am writing to apply for the international exchange summer camp held by your organization. I believe I am qualified for this program because I have a good command of English and a strong interest in different cultures. Not only have I taken part in various English activities, but I have also developed excellent communication skills through these experiences. In the past, I served as an English guide for foreign visitors, which has equipped me with confidence and patience. If I am chosen, I will devote myself to the program and make friends from all over the world. I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. Yours, Li Hua 专题十 图表数据类：让数字替你说话 【背什么】高频短语分组速记 第一组：引出图表（开头） As is shown in the chart... 如图所示…… As we can see from the chart... 从图表中我们可以看到…… According to the survey... 根据这项调查…… The chart shows the results of a survey about... 该图展示了关于……的调查结果 第二组：描述数据（上升下降） rise / increase sharply / dramatically 急剧上升 rise / increase slowly / slightly 缓慢上升 fall / decline sharply 急剧下降 remain stable / stay the same 保持稳定 reach a peak 达到顶峰 There was a sharp rise in... ……出现了急剧增长 第三组：描述占比（百分比） account for... / make up... 占（比例） take up a large proportion of... 占……的很大比例 ...percent of the students... ……的学生 the majority of... 大多数的…… compared with... 与……相比 第四组：分析原因与给出建议 There are several reasons for this. 这有几个原因。 One reason is that... 一个原因是…… This is mainly because... 这主要是因为…… Therefore, it is high time that we took action. 因此，我们早就该采取行动了。 【学什么】三个核心句型（由易到难） 句型 1（保分版）：As is shown in the chart, ...（引出数据） 图表类作文第一句，as 引导非限制性定语从句，既正式又安全。 As is shown in the chart, 70% of the students prefer to study online. （如图所示，70% 的学生更喜欢在线学习。） As is shown in the chart, the number of students reading for over 30 minutes a day has risen sharply. （如图所示，每天阅读超过 30 分钟的学生数量急剧上升。） 模板：图表 + 分析 + 建议三段式 As is shown in the chart, ①__________（总体描述：...of the students...）. Compared with last year, ②__________（数据变化：the number of... has increased / decreased from... to...）. There are several reasons for this. One reason is that ③__________（原因一）. Another reason is that ④__________（原因二）. In my opinion, ⑤__________（建议：we should take action to...）. Only in this way can we ⑥__________（结果）. 参考范文（约 100 词，13 分档） Dear Editor, Recently, our school has done a survey about how students spend their spare time. As is shown in the chart, 60% of the students choose to play sports or read books, while 40% spend most of their time on phones or computer games. Compared with last year, the number of students taking exercise has increased from 30% to 45%. There are several reasons for this. One reason is that students have realized the importance of health. Another is that our school has organized more sports activities. In my opinion, it is a good idea to set limits on our screen time and develop healthy hobbies. Only in this way can we make our spare time meaningful. Yours, Li Hua 7、 附录： · 书信类十大题型模板速查 高考应用文 90% 是书信。下表把十大常考书信的"开头、主体、结尾"模板化，考场上先判断体裁，再直接套用。 题型 1：建议信（给校长/老师/朋友提建议） 段落 模板句 开头 I am writing to offer you some suggestions on...（问题）. 主体 For one thing, you'd better...; for another, it would be a good idea to... . 结尾 I hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. 题型 2：邀请信（邀请参加活动） 段落 模板句 开头 I am writing to invite you to..., which will be held in... at... . 主体 Considering your rich experience in..., we would like to invite you to... . 结尾 We would be honored if you could come. We are looking forward to your early reply. 题型 3：感谢信（感谢帮助） 段落 模板句 开头 I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks for your help with... . 主体 I still remember when I..., you... . Without your help, I wouldn't have... . 结尾 Thank you again for everything you have done for me. 题型 4：道歉信（为失误道歉） 段落 模板句 开头 I am writing to express my sincere apology for... . 主体 It was... that caused... . To make up for my mistake, I would like to... . 结尾 I hope you can forgive me and give me another chance. 题型 5：申请信（申请职位/机会） 段落 模板句 开头 I am Li Hua, ... . I am writing to apply for... . 主体 I believe I am qualified because... . Not only do I have..., but I also have... . 结尾 I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. 题型 6：推荐信（推荐朋友/事物） 段落 模板句 开头 I am writing to recommend...（人或物）to you. 主体 The reasons are as follows. First, ... . Besides, ... . 结尾 I am sure you will not be disappointed. 题型 7：求助信（向他人求助） 段落 模板句 开头 I am writing to ask you for some advice on... . 主体 I am faced with... . I have tried..., but... . 结尾 I would appreciate it if you could give me a hand. 题型 8：询问信（询问信息） 段落 模板句 开头 I am writing to ask about... . 主体 First, I wonder if you could tell me... . Besides, I would also like to know... . 结尾 I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience. 题型 9：祝贺信（祝贺获奖/成功） 段落 模板句 开头 I am writing to express my congratulations on your success in... . 主体 I know how hard you have worked for it. You really deserve it. 结尾 I wish you greater success in the future. 题型 10：慰问/关心信（关心他人） 段落 模板句 开头 I am sorry to hear that... . I am writing to express my concern for you. 主体 Don't worry too much. Everything will be fine. You'd better... . 结尾 I hope you will recover / feel better soon. I am always here for you. · 非书信类文体模板 1. 书面通知（Notice） NOTICE A ①__________（活动）will be held ②__________（时间）in ③__________（地点）. It is designed to ④__________（目的）. A variety of activities will be arranged, including ⑤__________（内容）. Everyone is welcome to join us. Those who are interested, please ⑥__________（报名方式）. Don't miss the chance to ⑦__________（收获）! The Student Union 格式要点：标题 NOTICE 居中大写；不需要称呼和署名；正文一段或分段均可；主办单位写在右下角。 2. 演讲稿 / 发言稿（Speech） Dear friends, I am honored to have the chance to speak here. Today, I'd like to talk about ①__________（主题）. First, ②__________（观点一）. Besides, ③__________（观点二）. What's more, ④__________（观点三）. In a word, ⑤__________（总结号召）. Let's ⑥__________（行动号召）! Thank you for listening! 格式要点：开头有称呼 + 一句自我介绍；结尾必须说 Thank you for listening! 或 Thanks for your attention!；全文用第一人称，语气要有感染力。 3. 活动报道（Report） Last ①__________（时间）, our school successfully held ②__________（活动）in ③__________（地点）. Participating in this meaningful event, we ④__________（做了什么）. The activity was designed to ⑤__________（目的）. What impressed me most was ⑥__________（难忘的一幕）. Not only did we ⑦__________（收获一）, but we also ⑧__________（收获二）. It was really a rewarding experience. 格式要点：标题（如 A Charity Sale in Our School）；时态以一般过去时为主；报道类开头必须交代时间、地点、事件。 4. 征稿启事（Contribution Wanted） 见专题八模板：主题、稿件要求、截止日期、提交方式、评审奖励，五要素一个不能少。 5. 电子邮件（Email） 给熟人/朋友写邮件，格式和书信相同，但语气更轻松：开头可用 How is everything going? / I hope this email finds you well.；结尾可用 Best wishes / Yours；邮件不需要日期，主题可写 Subject: ...。 第 1 页 共 24 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $