精品解析：辽宁大连市第二十四中学2026-2027学年度高三年级第一次月考英语试题

大连市第二十四中学2026-2027学年度高三年级第一次月考英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Which subject does the woman find difficult? A. Math. B. English. C. Chemistry. 2. What does Jack plan to do this weekend? A. Play badminton. B. Practice singing. C. Work out in the gym. 3. When will the concert be held? A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Saturday. 4. Why does the woman thank Dave? A. For helping her move. B. For treating her to dinner. C. For finding her a new job. 5. When does the shuttle bus usually arrive? A. At 6:00 p.m. B. At 6:10 p.m. C. At 6:20 p.m. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A family gathering. C. A planting experience. 7. What color are the maple leaves now? A. Red. B. Snow white. C. Yellow. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What is the man doing? A. Reading a book. B. Playing a great game. C. Repairing a machine. 9. What made the house smell strange? A. Dirty carpet. B. The vacuum. C. The humid weather. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. What excited the man most when he was a child? A. Watching TV. B. Riding the bike. C. Playing video games. 11. Who saved the almost missing little girl? A. Her mother. B. A strange man. C. A watermelon seller. 12. How does the man feel in the end? A. Angry. B. Relieved. C. Upset. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. What did the man do just now? A. Fix a locker. B. Pick up his parcels. C. Make online purchases. 14. What is the woman’s biggest concern? A. The mess. B. The space. C. The money. 15. What will the man do next? A. Make a weekend plan. B. Throw out the packages. C. Sort out the goods bought online. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Driver and tourist. C. Doctor and patient. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 17. What is a hobby farmer? A. One who raises pets. B. One who buys animals. C. One who farms for fun. 18. Where is Brian Gazda’s small farm located? A. In Idaho. B. In Florida. C. In North Carolina. 19. What can we infer from Brittany Snow’s experience? A. She gave up teaching to run her small farm. B. She made much money by selling goat milk. C. Raising small goats was harder than she expected. 20. What will the speaker talk about next? A. Suitable animals for hobby farming. B. Reasons for giving up hobby farming. C. Traditional benefits of hobby farming. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Unlock the Power of Computer Programming Learning a new language opens a wealth of opportunities. But there’s one language family that provides benefits like no other: the languages of computer programming. Programming is a fun, creative and learnable skill that gives you unrivaled problem-solving power you can apply in the digital realm and the physical world. These 24 engaging and information-rich half-hour lessons use one of the world’s most popular computer languages, Python, as a gateway to the universe of programming. Taught by Professor John Keyser of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Texas A&M University, one of the top-ranked computer science programs in the country, this course assumes no prior background in computer science, and is so clear, carefully paced, and comprehensive that it will appeal to both beginners and experienced programmers. Offer expires 12/25/2023 THEGREATCOURSES.COM/9TME 1-800-832-2412 How to Program: Computer Science Concepts and Python Exercises Course no.915 24 lectures (30 minutes/lecture) SAVE $190 DVD $269.95 NOW $79.95 +$10 shipping, Processing, and Lifetime Satisfaction Guarantee Priority Code: 130968 For over 25 years, The Great Courses has brought the world’s foremost educators to millions who want to go deeper into the subjects that matter most. No exam. No homework. Just a world of knowledge available anytime, anywhere. Download or stream to your laptop or PC, or use our free mobile apps for iPad, iPhone, or Android. Over 550 courses available at www.The Great Courses.com. 1. How much should you pay if you want to buy a DVD of How to Program home on 12/30/2023? A. $190. B. $279.95. C. $79.95. D. $89.95. 2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A. The lectures given in this DVD last 12 hours in total. B. There are exams and homework at the end of each lecture. C. You are open to the fun of computer programming through the lectures. D. You will have no difficulty following the lectures if you are new to programming. 3. Where can you most probably find this information? A. A leaflet of a science museum. B. A textbook on computer science. C. An autobiography of a tech giant. D. A magazine about science and technology. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇编程课程的推广广告，介绍了一款Python编程课程的内容、讲师、优惠价格和购买方式。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格前文“Offer expires 12/25/2023(优惠活动于2023年12月25日截止)”和表格中的“DVD $269.95 NOW $79.95(DVD原价269.95美元，优惠价79.95美元)”、“+$10 shipping, Processing, and Lifetime Satisfaction Guarantee(另需支付 10 美元的运费和处理费，并享受终身满意度保证)”可知，12月30日已经过了优惠期，需要按照原价支付DVD费用加上10美元相关费用，总费用为269.95+10=279.95美元。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“No exam. No homework.(没有考试，没有作业)”可知，该课程并不设置考试和作业。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文以及“Unlock the Power of Computer Programming(解锁计算机编程的力量)”可知，本文是关于Python编程学习课程的推广广告，内容和科技教育相关，最有可能出现在科技类杂志中。 B When I was a young girl, a retired hairdresser who lived opposite us would come to do my mum’s hair once a week. My mum would sit under the hairdryer and the hairdresser would talk and talk. I would sit in the dining room while observing how, so often, neither woman really listened to the other. My mother would wait for gaps in the conversation so she could say, “Exactly,” and then launch into her own, often unrelated, stories. Over many meals in my teens, I would watch as family members interrupted conversations, sending the chat on a detour that became all about them. As a child, I lacked the words to explain the way I felt. It was only when I was appointed The Guardian’s agony aunt in 2008 that I realized I still had a lot to learn. As part of the process of replying to readers’ letters, I would invite experts to work with me. I was greedy for their insights into human behavior and soon learned that the basis of every problem I received was communication in some form. Listening, I discovered, wasn’t just about asking good questions or not interrupting. It was about really hearing what the other person was saying, and WHY they were saying it. Sometimes, this means looking for what’s not said, and which words are used to mask emotions that are hard to acknowledge. The psychotherapist I’ve spoken to most often for my columns is Chris Mills. He taught me that allowing a tiny silence after someone has spoken can enable their words to say a bit more. Try it: resist saying something immediately after someone has stopped speaking. But listening is not about remaining silent. If it goes on too long, silence can make things awkward. The mistake many people make is filling the silence with their own stories. Offering up the, “Oh, that happened to me, too” stories seems empathetic, and they do have their place if they are short, reinforcing the point your companion was making. But doing this without thought is called “shifting” because you end up hijacking the conversation and turning the focus on to yourself. When you do this, the other person can feel shut down. Instead, try supporting them, using responses such as, “How did that make you feel?” or “What a lot you have on your shoulders!” I used to think that simple responses such as these were not all that important until one day, after I have complained to my cousin about an especially stressful day, he simply responded with two words: “I understand.” I felt seen, heard and understood. Ever since then, I’ve never forgotten the power of short answers. So has more than a decade of answering your questions and consulting the very best experts made me an excellent listener? Nope. But I do really try. Listening is a skill that all of us could do with a little sharpening. 4. As the retired hairdresser talked while doing her hair, the author’s mum listened ________. A. attentively B. eagerly C. impatiently D. impolitely 5. Before the author became an agony aunt, she thought good listening was just about ________. A. resisting the temptation of giving immediate response B. letting the other person do the talking and asking good questions C. filling the silence by offering short and empathetic response D. shifting the focus and suggesting lists of what they should do 6. The underlined word hijacking in paragraph 6 means ________. A. taking in B. taking on C. taking over D. taking back 7. We can learn from the article that now, the author ________. A. is attempting to become a better listener B. regards herself to be an extraordinary listener C. always replies to other people with short answers D. offers training services to poor communicators 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】作者结合自身经历，讲述自己对倾听的认知变化，介绍有效倾听的方法与误区，点明倾听是需要不断打磨的技能。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I would sit in the dining room while observing how, so often, neither woman really listened to the other. My mother would wait for gaps in the conversation so she could say, “Exactly,” and then launch into her own, often unrelated, stories.(我坐在餐厅里，注意到这两位女性常常都没有真正倾听对方。我妈妈会等对话的间隙说“没错”，然后开始讲自己的、往往毫不相关的故事)”可知，作者的妈妈并没有认真倾听理发师讲话，只是敷衍等待插话时机，态度不耐烦。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Listening, I discovered, wasn’t just about asking good questions or not interrupting.(我发现，倾听不仅仅是提出好的问题或者不打断别人说话)”可知，在成为知心专栏作者、深入学习倾听技巧前，作者原本认为良好的倾听只是好好提问、不打断他人讲话。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段中的“turning the focus on to yourself. When you do this, the other person can feel shut down.(将话题焦点转移到自己身上。当你这么做时，对方会感到被冷落)”可知，将话题焦点转移到自己身上并导致对方感到被冷落，说明通过“话题转移”接管了对话主导权。因此猜测hijacking意为“抢占、接管”，与take over同义。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“So has more than a decade of answering your questions and consulting the very best experts made me an excellent listener? Nope. But I do really try. Listening is a skill that all of us could do with a little sharpening.(十多年解答读者问题、咨询顶尖专家的经历让我成为一名优秀的倾听者了吗？并没有。但我确实在努力。倾听是我们所有人都需要打磨的技能)”可知，如今作者一直在努力成为更好的倾听者。 C An AI-powered robot was able to separate a gall bladder (胆囊) from the liver of a dead pig in what researchers claim is the first realistic surgery by a machine with almost no human intervention. The robot is powered by a two-tier AI system trained on 17 hours of video containing 16,000 motions performed by human surgeons during operations. When put to work, the first layer of the AI system watches video, monitors the surgery and issues plain-language instructions, while the second AI layer turns each instruction into 3D tool motions. In all, the gall bladder surgery requires 17 separate tasks. The robotic system has performed the operation eight times, achieving 100 percent success in all of the tasks. “Current surgical robotic technology has made some procedures less invasive, but risks haven’t really dropped from previous laparoscopic (使用腹腔镜的) surgeries by human surgeons,” says team member Axel Krieger at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland. “This made us look into what is the next generation of robotic systems that can help patients and surgeons.” “The study really highlights the art of the possibility with AI and surgical robotics,” says Danail Stoyanov at University College London. “Incredible advances in computer vision for surgical video with the availability of open robotic platforms for research make it possible to demonstrate surgical automation.” But many challenges remain to make the system practical in clinical use. “While the robot completed the task with 100% success, it had to self-correct six times per case. For example, this could mean a gripper (夹持器) designed to grasp an artery missed its hold on the first try,” Stoyanov said. “There were a lot of instances where it had to self-correct, but this was all fully autonomous,” says Krieger. “It would correctly identify the initial mistake and then fix itself.” The robot also had to ask a human to change one of its surgical instruments for another, meaning some level of human intervention was required. The next step, says Krieger, is to let a robot operate autonomously on a live animal, where breathing and bleeding could complicate things. “But with continued research, we’re confident that we can overcome these obstacles step by step.” 8. What are the two-tier tasks that the AI system is trained to perform? A. Giving instructions and performing motions. B. Monitoring the surgery and issuing commands. C. Analyzing video and choosing surgical tools. D. Imitating human surgeons and separating tasks. 9. What breakthrough does the new robot achieve over traditional laparoscopic surgeries? A. Minimal invasiveness with no danger. B. Near autonomy with high success rate. C. Low risks in complex surgical tasks. D. Faster self - correction speed in operations. 10. What may prove challenging in a robot operation according to the last paragraph? A. Adapting to real-time variability. B. Identifying surgical mistakes quicker. C. Reducing human help for crucial tasks. D. Dealing with complicated surgeries. 11. Which of the following title best summarizes the passage? A. The Robotic Surgery: Cutting Medical Risks B. The Robotic Surgery: Great Clinical Progress C. The Robotic Surgery: Simplifying Surgery D. The Robotic Surgery: Success and Ongoing Issues 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一款AI手术机器人在几乎无人干预下成功完成猪胆囊分离手术，展现了技术突破，同时也指出仍存在诸多挑战。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When put to work, the first layer of the AI system watches video, monitors the surgery and issues plain-language instructions, while the second AI layer turns each instruction into 3D tool motions.(在工作时，AI系统的第一层观察视频、监控手术并发布通俗语言指令，而第二层AI将每条指令转化为3D器械动作。)”可知，双层AI系统的任务分别是发出指令和执行动作。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“An AI-powered robot was able to separate a gall bladder (胆囊) from the liver of a dead pig in what researchers claim is the first realistic surgery by a machine with almost no human intervention.(一款人工智能机器人成功分离了死猪的胆囊与肝脏，研究人员称这是首次由机器几乎无需人类干预完成的真实手术。)”和第二段“The robotic system has performed the operation eight times, achieving 100 percent success in all of the tasks.(该机器人系统已完成八次手术，所有任务均实现100%成功。)”可知，相比传统腹腔镜手术，新机器人实现了近乎自主操作且成功率极高的突破。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next step, says Krieger, is to let a robot operate autonomously on a live animal, where breathing and bleeding could complicate things.(克里格说，下一步是让机器人在活体动物身上自主手术，呼吸和出血会使情况变得复杂。)”可知，机器人在手术中适应活体的实时变化是一大挑战。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段“An AI-powered robot was able to separate a gall bladder (胆囊) from the liver of a dead pig in what researchers claim is the first realistic surgery by a machine with almost no human intervention.(一台人工智能机器人成功将死猪的胆囊从肝脏上分离下来，研究人员称，这是首次由机器在几乎无人干预的情况下完成的真实手术操作。)”可知，全文既讲述了机器人成功完成无人干预手术的成果，也说明了其仍需人工协助、存在自我修正等待解决问题。所以D项“The Robotic Surgery: Success and Ongoing Issues(机器人手术：成就与现存问题)”可以概括本文大意。故选D项。 D How alike are parents and kids? I, for example, am competitive like my dad; my sister got my mother’s sympathy. My husband and his mom, meanwhile, share a lively debating style; it’s why their conversations get so…animated. It’s an assumption that goes beyond geography: There are “the apple doesn’t fall far from the tree” equivalents worldwide — mostly tree-related, although I like the Portuguese “a fish’s child knows how to swim”. And it’s reinforced culturally. There is a proverb that goes like this, “like father, like son”. It feels true, intuitively (直觉地). But the thing is, it’s not. This isn’t news: Psychologists have known for ages that parents and children don’t particularly share the main personality characteristics. It is getting attention now because of a study that tried to change the way this question of family similarity is explored. Rather than participants only self-reporting their personalities, they also chose a third party who knew them well to assess them. This novel approach suggested more similarities between parents and children approximately 40% rather than the 25% of previous studies. But that is still very low. The study concluded that it was “impossible to accurately predict a child’s personality characteristics from those of their mother or father” and that most relatives are not “much more similar than strangers”. The same study’s findings on the impact of home environment show than “Growing up together does not make people more similar.” But parents aren’t off the hook. Last year, a study of 9.400 11-to 17-year-olds declared: “Parent personalities have a significant impact on a child’s life.” The detailed results concluded: “Kids with neurotic (神经质的) parents scored relatively low on several measures, including grades, overall health, body mass index…and time spent on leisure activities.” As one psychologist has put it, the most direct way to weigh nature against nurture (培养) is “to randomly assign children to parents”, but the real challenge is, you can’t double-blind — randomize parenting, if so, we are left tripping up in the dark. 12. How does the author illustrate the universality of the idea that kids are like parents? A. Through analysis. B. Through proverbs. C. Through stories. D. Through comparison. 13. What is special about the new study on family similarity? A. It does more experiments. B. It makes use of other people’s assessments. C. It adopts the advice of psychologists. D. It explains the participants’ self-reports. 14. What do we know about the result of the novel study? A. It’s imprecise. B. It’s the same as previous result. C. It’s persuasive. D. It’s against traditional understanding. 15. What does the writer suggest in the last two paragraphs? A. Giving advice on parenting. B. Training kids to behave well. C. Improving kids’ personalities. D. Encouraging kids to learn from their parents. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了父母与子女之间性格相似性的问题，通过引用心理学研究的结果和观点，阐述了父母与子女在性格上并不特别相似，尽管家庭环境对孩子有一定影响，但无法准确预测孩子的性格特征。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s an assumption that goes beyond geography: There are “the apple doesn’t fall far from the tree” equivalents worldwide — mostly tree-related, although I like the Portuguese “a fish’s child knows how to swim”.(这种想法并不局限于某个特定的地域：世界各地都有类似“有其父必有其子（字面意思：苹果不会落在离树很远的地方）”这样的说法——而且大多和树有关，不过我倒是很喜欢葡萄牙的那句谚语“鱼的孩子天生会游泳”。)”以及第三段“There is a proverb that goes like this, “like father, like son”.(有一句谚语是这样说的：“有其父必有其子。”)”可知，作者通过列举这些谚语来说明世界各地都有类似“孩子像父母” 的说法，以此来阐述这一观念的普遍性。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rather than participants only self-reporting their personalities, they also chose a third party who knew them well to assess them.(参与者们不仅要自我报告自己的性格，还要选择一个熟悉他们的第三方来对他们进行评估。)”可知，新研究的特别之处在于，参与者不仅要自我报告自己的性格，还需选择熟悉他们的第三方来进行评估，即利用了其他人的评估。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This novel approach suggested more similarities between parents and children approximately 40% rather than the 25% of previous studies. But that is still very low. The study concluded that it was “impossible to accurately predict a child’s personality characteristics from those of their mother or father” and that most relatives are not “much more similar than strangers”. The same study’s findings on the impact of home environment show than “Growing up together does not make people more similar.”(这种新颖的研究方法表明，父母和孩子之间的相似性大约为40%，而之前的研究结果仅为25%。但这个比例仍然非常低。该研究得出的结论是，“不可能根据父母的性格特征准确预测孩子的性格特征”，而且大多数亲属之间“并不比陌生人更相似”。同一项研究中关于家庭环境影响的研究结果表明，“一起长大并不会让人们变得更相似”。)”可知，新研究结果与传统上认为父母和孩子相似的认知相悖。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Last year, a study of 9.400 11-to 17-year-olds declared: “Parent personalities have a significant impact on a child’s life.” The detailed results concluded: “Kids with neurotic(神经质的)parents scored relatively low on several measures, including grades, overall health, body mass index…and time spent on leisure activities.”(去年，一项针对9400名11岁至17岁青少年的研究宣称：“父母的性格对孩子的生活有着重大影响。”详细的研究结果总结道：“父母神经质的孩子在几个方面的得分相对较低，包括成绩、整体健康状况、身体质量指数…… 以及用于休闲活动的时间。”)”可知，父母的性格对孩子有重大影响，不良的父母性格会导致孩子在一些方面表现不佳。而文章最后一段“As one psychologist has put it, the most direct way to weigh nature against nurture (培养) is “to randomly assign children to parents”, but the real challenge is, you can’t double-blind — randomize parenting, if so, we are left tripping up in the dark.(正如一位心理学家所说，衡量先天因素和后天培养哪个更重要的最直接方法是“随机地将孩子分配给父母”，但真正的挑战在于，你不能在双盲的情况下——随机安排父母的角色，如果是这样的话，我们就只能在黑暗中摸索了。)”提到衡量先天和后天培养的困难，从侧面反映出父母在养育子女方面需要注意的问题。综合来看，作者在这两段是在暗示关于养育子女的相关建议。故选A。 第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went in there, or been about to speak but suddenly realized you had no idea what you were going to say? The human brain normally balances countless inputs, thoughts and actions, but sometimes, it seems to break down. ____16____ Understanding this first requires an understanding of how our memory works — and revealing some myths about memory. Actually, there are two different types of memory: long-term memory and working memory. ____17____ Long-term memories are a broad, varied category of memories that involve knowledge, experiences and skills stored in the brain for extended periods — from hours up to an entire lifetime. On the other hand, working memory is temporary and limited in time. Thoughts in working memory dash through the mind for only seconds or minutes at a time. Working memory is like the “sketchpad (素描本) of conscious thought,” Earl K. Miller, a professor of brain science at MIT, told Live Science. ____18____ Every bit of new information, inner dialogue and sensory input routes through working memory, and certain characteristics of working memory likely explain why we forget those thoughts. First, working memory has very limited capacity. ____19____ For example, rather than being aware of all of these “chunks” at the same time, the brain moves quickly from one idea to another, making it more likely that one gets lost in the process, Miller explained. Second, the brain quickly erases unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information. So unless those short-term memories are transferred into long-term memories (a process called strengthening), they’re soon gone from conscious thought. ____20____ The brain is especially likely to “drop the ball” from working memory when it’s sleepy or affected by alcohol or other drugs. Age is also a factor. Miller said working memory function reaches its best in a person’s 20s and starts to decline during middle age. A. And this is a main reason for short-time forgetting. B. Certain factors can make this memory forgetting more likely. C. So what really happens when we forget what we were just thinking about? D. Can people easily improve their working memory by taking certain vitamins? E. Many confuse working memory and long-term memory, but they differ. F. Long-term memory is far more important than working memory for daily life. G. This vivid comparison perfectly shows how working memory handles small bits of information. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类大脑的记忆机制，解释了为何我们有时会忘记刚要做什么或想说什么。 【16题详解】 根据上文“The human brain normally balances countless inputs, thoughts and actions, but sometimes, it seems to break down.(人类大脑通常能平衡无数的输入信息、想法和行为，但有时似乎会出故障。)”和下文“Understanding this first requires an understanding of how our memory works — and revealing some myths about memory.(要理解这一点，首先需要了解我们的记忆是如何运作的——并揭开关于记忆的一些误区。)”可知，上文描述了大脑出故障（暂时遗忘）的现象，下文立刻提出要理解这一点需先了解记忆运作，空处需要一个承上启下的问句，将“现象”转化为“待解答的问题”。C选项“So what really happens when we forget what we were just thinking about?(那么，当我们忘记刚才在想什么时，到底发生了什么？)”中，so承接前文的现象，what really happens引出下文要解释的核心问题，且下文的this恰好指代该句的“忘记刚才想法的情况”。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Actually, there are two different types of memory: long-term memory and working memory.(事实上，有两种不同类型的记忆：长期记忆和工作记忆。)”和下文“Long-term memories are a broad, varied category of memories that involve knowledge, experiences and skills stored in the brain for extended periods — from hours up to an entire lifetime. On the other hand, working memory is temporary and limited in time. Thoughts in working memory dash through the mind for only seconds or minutes at a time.(长期记忆是一类范畴广泛、类型多样的记忆，包含储存在大脑中时长较久的知识、经历与技能 —— 短则数小时，长则伴随一生。而工作记忆具有暂时性，且存续时间有限；工作记忆中的思绪每次只会在脑海中闪过短短数秒或数分钟。)”可知，上文提出“两种记忆类型”，下文开始具体区分二者，空处需要一个过渡句，点明“二者易被混淆但存在差异”，为下文的对比介绍做铺垫。E选项“Many confuse working memory and long-term memory, but they differ.(很多人会混淆工作记忆和长期记忆，但二者是不同的。)”中，but they differ直接引出后文的具体差异描述，且话题严格围绕“两种记忆类型”展开，符合上下文逻辑。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Working memory is like the “sketchpad of conscious thought,” Earl K. Miller, a professor of brain science at MIT, told Live Science. (麻省理工学院脑科学教授厄尔・K・米勒告诉《生活科学》，工作记忆就像“有意识思考的素描本”。)”和下文“Every bit of new information, inner dialogue and sensory input routes through working memory...(每一点新信息、内心对话和感官输入都要经过工作记忆……)”可知，上文将工作记忆比作“素描本”，是一个比喻修辞，空处需要承接这个比喻，说明该比喻的意义——能体现工作记忆的运作特点。G选项“This vivid comparison perfectly shows how working memory handles small bits of information.(这个生动的比喻完美地展示了工作记忆如何处理少量信息。)”中，This vivid comparison直接指代上文的“素描本”比喻，shows how working memory handles...衔接下文“工作记忆处理各类信息”的内容。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“First, working memory has very limited capacity.(首先，工作记忆的容量非常有限。)”和下文“For example, rather than being aware of all of these “chunks” at the same time, the brain moves quickly from one idea to another, making it more likely that one gets lost in the process...(例如，大脑无法同时意识到所有这些“信息块”，而是从一个想法快速切换到另一个，这使得其中一个想法更有可能在这个过程中被遗忘……)”可知，上文提出工作记忆的第一个特点“容量有限”，下文用例子说明“容量有限导致想法被遗忘”，空处需要建立 “容量有限”和“短暂失忆”之间的因果关系。A选项“And this is a main reason for short-time forgetting.(而这是短暂失忆的一个主要原因。)”中，this指代上文的“工作记忆容量有限”，a main reason for short-time forgetting直接引出后文的例子解释，因果逻辑明确。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文介绍了工作记忆导致短暂失忆的两个内在原因——容量有限、会快速清除无关信息。和下文“The brain is especially likely to “drop the ball” from working memory when it’s sleepy or affected by alcohol or other drugs. Age is also a factor.(当大脑处于困倦状态，或受到酒精、其他药物影响时，工作记忆尤其容易“出纰漏”。年龄也是一个因素。)”可知，上文讲工作记忆本身的特点导致失忆，下文讲其他因素（困倦、酒精、年龄）加剧失忆，空处需要一个总起句，引出“其他因素会让失忆更易发生”的话题。B选项“Certain factors can make this memory forgetting more likely.(某些因素会让这种记忆遗忘更易发生。)”中，Certain factors总领下文的“困倦、酒精、年龄”，this memory forgetting指代上文的“工作记忆导致的短暂失忆”，实现了从“内在原因”到“外部因素”的话题过渡。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like most teenagers growing up in the digital age, I relied on my phone for photos. These were mostly quick snaps (快照) that were ____21____ but rarely revisited. My profile on Instagram was a polished collection of such photos intended to ____22____ my peers. The transition from sharing images to____23____ memories for myself was a gradual one. It began with a simple ____24____: flipping (翻阅) through family photo albums. I was attracted by the images from my family’s ____25____. They weren’t polished, but they held stories that words often couldn’t ____26____ — of birthdays, ceremonies and family portraits. In those photographs, I saw ____27____. I realized that every image was a piece of something ____28____: a history that had been passed down. It was this ____29____ that led me to pick up my film camera. With just 36 exposures per roll, each photo required ____30____, a slowing down to see the world around me. I now take photos of the things that matter most: friends’ weddings, holidays and small moments of joy. If a picture didn't turn out as I had hoped, it didn’t matter. The ____31____ became part of the story. They weren't meant for ____32____or comments — they were meant for me, for family and friends. There's a sense of ____33____ when I finally open an envelope of developed prints. I’m ____34____ those moments. And in that sense, my ____35____ to film photography feels like a desire to regain the permanence and closeness that comes with holding a memory in your hands. 21. A. copied B. printed C. shared D. downloaded 22. A. control B. impress C. support D. instruct 23. A. keeping B. remembering C. blocking D. erasing 24. A. fact B. act C. task D. experiment 25. A. tradition B. business C. past D. origin 26. A. prove B. convey C. change D. continue 27. A. hopes B. items C. conventions D. connections 28. A. larger B. stranger C. simpler D. fresher 29. A. imagination B. passion C. realization D. prediction 30. A. improvement B. intention C. inspiration D. development 31. A. colors B. errors C. patterns D. imperfections 32. A. likes B. jokes C. deals D. games 33. A. gratitude B. emptiness C. relief D. rediscovery 34. A. transported back to B. stuck in C. led into D. carried away by 35. A. claim B. response C. shift D. shortcut 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述了在数字时代成长的“我”，起初依赖手机拍照并在社交平台分享以吸引同龄人关注。后来通过翻阅家庭相册，“我”领悟到照片承载的故事与回忆的重要性，进而转向使用胶卷相机拍照，注重记录对自己和家人朋友有意义的时刻，体会到胶卷照片带来的那种重拾回忆的永久感与亲近感。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些大多是随手拍的快照，被分享出去，但很少再被回顾。A. copied复制；B. printed打印；C. shared分享；D. downloaded下载。根据后文“My profile on Instagram was a polished collection of such photos”提到在Instagram上展示照片可知，这些照片是被分享出去。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：我在Instagram上的个人资料是精心挑选的这样的照片集，目的是给同龄人留下深刻印象。A. control控制；B. impress给……留下深刻印象；C. support支持；D. instruct指导。根据前文“My profile on Instagram was a polished collection of such photos”可知，在社交平台展示照片通常是为了给别人留下好印象。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：从分享图片到为自己保留回忆，这是一个逐渐的转变。A. keeping保留；B. remembering记住；C. blocking阻挡；D. erasing抹去。根据后文“memories for myself”可知，作者从单纯分享照片转变为为自己保留回忆，keeping符合语境。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：这始于一个简单的行为：翻阅家庭相册。A. fact事实；B. act行为；C. task任务；D. experiment实验。根据后文“flipping(翻阅) through family photo albums”可知，翻阅相册是一个行为。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：我被家里过去的照片吸引住了。A. tradition传统；B. business生意；C. past过去；D. origin起源。根据前文“flipping(翻阅) through family photo albums”可知，家庭相册里的照片大多是过去的回忆。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：它们并不完美，但它们承载着言语往往无法传达的故事——生日、仪式和全家福。A. prove证明；B. convey传达；C. change改变；D. continue继续。根据前文“words”可知，这里指照片承载言语无法传达的故事。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：在那些照片中，我看到了联系。A. hopes希望；B. items物品；C. conventions惯例；D. connections联系。根据前文“birthdays, ceremonies and family portraits”可知，照片中的生日、全家福等场景，作者看到了家人之间的联系，connections符合语境。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我意识到每一张照片都是更大事物的一部分：一段被传承下来的历史。A. larger更大的；B. stranger更奇怪的；C. simpler更简单的；D. fresher更新鲜的。根据后文“a history that had been passed down.”可知，这里指照片是更大的家族历史的一部分。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：正是这种认识促使我拿起了我的胶卷相机。A. imagination想象；B. passion激情；C. realization认识，领悟；D. prediction预测。根据前文“I realized that every image was a piece of something ____: a history that had been passed down.”提到作者意识到照片的意义，这种认识促使作者拿起胶卷相机。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：每卷胶卷只有36张曝光机会，每张照片都需要有意图，需要慢下来去观察周围的世界。A. improvement改进；B. intention意图；C. inspiration灵感；D. development发展。根据前文“With just 36 exposures per roll, each photo”可知，因为胶卷有限，所以拍照要有意图。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果一张照片没有如我所愿拍好，也没关系。这些不完美成为了故事的一部分。A. colors颜色；B. errors错误（常指犯错等）；C. patterns模式；D. imperfections不完美。根据前文“If a picture didn't turn out as I had hoped”可知，照片没拍好，也就是存在不完美之处。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们不是为了点赞或评论——它们是为了我自己，为了家人和朋友。A. likes点赞；B. jokes笑话；C. deals交易；D. games游戏。根据后文“comments”可知，在社交平台上常见的就是点赞和评论。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我最终打开一个装有冲印好的照片的信封时，有一种重新发现的感觉。A. gratitude感激；B. emptiness空虚；C. relief宽慰；D. rediscovery重新发现。根据后文“when I finally open an envelope of developed prints”可知，看到冲印好的照片，就像重新发现那些时刻。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我仿佛被带回到那些时刻。A. transported back to被带回到；B. stuck in被困在；C. led into被引入；D. carried away by被……带走。根据后文“those moments.”看到照片，作者仿佛回到拍照的时刻。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：从这个意义上说，我转向胶卷摄影感觉像是一种渴望，渴望重新获得那种把回忆握在手中的永久感和亲近感。A. claim声称；B. response回应；C. shift转变；D. shortcut捷径。根据前文“Like most teenagers growing up in the digital age, I relied on my phone for photos.”以及后文“led me to pick up my film camera”可知，作者从用手机拍照分享转变为用胶卷相机拍照保留回忆。 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hsu Cho-yun,___36___ influential historian, passed away at 95 on Monday in Pittsburgh,___37___ his last Sina Weibo post 11 days ago recounting a miserable childhood memory of witnessing the Battle of Taierzhuang. Hsu completed his graduate education in Taiwan and the United States and taught in the history department at Taiwan University. In the 1970s, Hsu accepted a full professorship at the University ofPittsburgh,___38___ he specialized in ancient Chinese social and cultural history. The historian’ s ___39___ (represent) academic works include Western Chou Civilizations and Han Agriculture, apart from a body of influential works. In his later years, Hsu dedicated ___40___ (he) to summarizing, revising and expanding upon his scholarly works and observations, further ___41___ (enrich) his insights and creating a prolific output in publications. He particularly appealed to more attention ___42___(pay) to the conditions and roles of the younger generation, sharing his life stories and offering encouragement for young people. Born with a physical ___43___ (disable) and having experienced the Chinese People’s War of ResistanceAgainst Japanese Aggression (1931—45) in his childhood, Hsu lived a hard yet fruitful life. When ___44___(ask) whether he had any regrets in life, the late historian quoted ancient poet Lu You’ s line, “My only hatred is that a unified land is not seen” to express his deepest longing. David Wang, professor of Chinese literature at Harvard University, wrote in an article in 2023 ____45____their discussions in his late years, mostly held over the phone, covered a variety of academic topics and frequently focused on the situations on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. 【答案】36. an 37. with 38. where 39. representative 40. himself 41. enriching 42. to be paid 43. disability 44. asked 45. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名历史学家许倬云的生平事迹，包括他的学术成就、对中国古代史的研究以及他对年轻一代的关怀。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：许倬云，一位有影响力的历史学家，于周一在匹兹堡去世，享年95岁，11天前，他在新浪微博上的最后一篇帖子中回忆了目睹台儿庄战役的悲惨童年记忆。根据句意可知，此处表示“一位有影响力的历史学家”，为泛指，且influential是以元音音素开头的单词，所以此处应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：许倬云，一位有影响力的历史学家，于周一在匹兹堡去世，享年95岁，11天前，他在新浪微博上的最后一篇帖子中回忆了目睹台儿庄战役的悲惨童年记忆。根据句意可知，此处表示“带着，有着”，应用介词with。故填with。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：20世纪70年代，许倬云接受了匹兹堡大学的全职教授职位，专门研究中国古代社会和文化史。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the University of Pittsburgh，在从句中作地点状语，所以此处应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这位历史学家的代表性学术著作包括《西周文明》和《汉代农业》，此外还有一系列有影响力的著作。根据句意可知，此处表示“代表性的”，应用形容词representative，修饰名词academic works。故填representative。 【40题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：晚年，许倬云致力于总结、修订和扩展他的学术著作和观察，进一步丰富了他的见解，并在出版物中创作了大量作品。根据句意可知，此处表示“致力于某人自己做某事”用dedicate oneself to doing sth，应用反身代词作宾语，he的反身代词为himself。故填himself。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：晚年，许倬云致力于总结、修订和扩展他的学术著作和观察，进一步丰富了他的见解，并在出版物中创作了大量作品。句中dedicated为谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语为前面整个句子，与enrich之间为主动关系，所以此处应用现在分词enriching作状语。故填enriching。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他特别呼吁人们更多地关注年轻一代的状况和角色，分享他的人生故事，鼓励年轻人。根据句意可知，此处表示“呼吁做某事”，应用appeal to sb to do sth，且attention与pay之间为被动关系，所以此处应用不定式的被动结构to be paid作宾语补足语。故填to be paid。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：许倬云生来就有身体残疾，童年时又经历了中国人民抗日战争（1931-1945年），他的一生艰苦而富有成果。根据句意可知，此处表示“身体残疾”，应用名词disability，作介词with的宾语。故填disability。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及生活中是否有遗憾时，这位已故历史学家引用了古代诗人陆游的诗句“但悲不见九州同”来表达他最深切的渴望。此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the late historian与ask之间为被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词asked作状语。故填asked。 【45题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：哈佛大学中国文学教授David Wang在2023年的一篇文章中写道，他们晚年的讨论，大多是通过电话进行的，涉及各种学术话题，并经常关注海峡两岸的情况。此处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，所以此处应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim获悉你校正在开展“健康校园”倡议征集活动，为此发来邮件想了解你的倡议内容。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1.介绍你的倡议； 2.给出理由。 提示词：倡议proposal 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, I’m glad to hear from you! I’d like to share my proposal for our school’s “Healthy Campus” campaign. My proposal is to establish a “Mental Health Corner” in the school library. This area would provide comfortable seating, relaxing music, and books on emotional well-being. We could also invite psychology teachers to host weekly sharing sessions. I believe this initiative is necessary for several reasons. Firstly, high school students are under tremendous academic pressure, and having a quiet space to unwind can greatly relieve anxiety. Secondly, it encourages open communication, helping students realize they are not alone. A healthy mind is just as important as a healthy body. I’d love to hear your thoughts on this! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以红星中学高三学生李华的身份，给外国好友Jim回邮件，介绍自己为学校“健康校园”倡议征集活动提出的倡议，并说明提出该倡议的理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 建立：establish → set up 舒适的：comfortable → cozy 必不可少的：necessary → essential 缓解：relieve → ease 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This area would provide comfortable seating, relaxing music, and books on emotional well-being. 拓展句：This area would provide comfortable seating, relaxing music, and books on emotional well-being so that students can have a good place to relax when they feel stressed. 【点睛】【高分句型1】My proposal is to establish a “Mental Health Corner” in the school library.（运用了不定式短语作表语） 【高分句型2】Firstly, high school students are under tremendous academic pressure, and having a quiet space to unwind can greatly relieve anxiety.（运用了动名词短语作主语） 第二节 (满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had always been weak in English writing. My articles were filled with simple sentences and all kinds of grammar mistakes, so I often got low marks in every English exam. Every time the teacher handed out exam papers, I would quickly cover my paper, afraid that my classmates would see my terrible scores. Watching them get high marks without much effort, I felt deeply upset and helpless. Little by little, I even made up my mind to give up English writing completely. Luckily, my English teacher soon noticed my bad mood. Instead of blaming me for my poor performance, she stayed after class and talked with me patiently. She told me that valuable progress never comes in a short time, and sticking to daily practice is the most useful way to get through all kinds of difficulties. Her warm words brought me a little hope again. Encouraged by what she said, I decided to make a real change. I bought a thick notebook to write down beautiful sentences and useful expressions from Reader’s Digest every day. After finishing my schoolwork, I rewrote my compositions again and again. Each afternoon after class, I went to her office and handed my revised articles to her to correct all my mistakes. I reviewed these marked points every night to avoid making the same errors next time. However, two months of steady hard work did not bring me better results. Staring at the disappointing paper covered with red lines, I lost all my confidence once more. I could not help wondering if all my time and effort meant nothing at all. 注意： 1. 续写词数应在150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1 One afternoon, I wandered into my teacher’s office with tears welling up in my eyes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 Months later, the city-wide English examination arrived. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Paragraph 1 One afternoon, I wandered into my teacher’s office with tears welling up in my eyes. I told her honestly that I planned to give up English writing, because my daily practice failed to bring satisfying scores and left me discouraged. My teacher comforted me patiently and pointed out my silent progress in grammar and expression that I had ignored. Encouraged by her warm words, I adjusted my study methods. I sorted out all my writing mistakes, memorized useful sentences, and revised my old compositions over and over again. I kept practicing steadily, hoping to make real progress step by step. Paragraph 2 Months later, the city-wide English examination arrived. Sitting in the exam room, I felt worried at first, fearing I might make stupid mistakes. However, all the skills and expressions I had practiced hard came to my mind naturally. I organized my ideas logically, finished the composition smoothly and checked every sentence carefully. After the exam, I felt unusually peaceful and confident. When the results came out, I was delighted to find my writing score improved greatly. I learned that constant perseverance is the key to progress, and no sincere effort will ever go to waste. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者因英语写作基础薄弱、成绩不佳而一度想要放弃，在老师的耐心鼓励下坚持练习，虽遭遇挫折仍重拾信心，最终在考试中取得显著进步的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者向老师倾诉放弃的念头，老师指出作者的进步并安慰鼓励，作者调整方法继续坚持练习。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写作者在考场上从容发挥，写作部分顺利完成，成绩公布后写作分数大幅提升，领悟到坚持的意义。 2. 续写线索：想放弃——找老师倾诉——老师鼓励并指出进步——调整方法坚持练习——考试从容发挥——成绩提升领悟道理 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①调整：adjust/modify/adapt ②修改：revise/polish 情绪类 ①担忧的：worried/anxious ②喜悦的：delighted/thrilled/overjoyed 【点睛】【高分句型1】I told her honestly that I planned to give up English writing, because my daily practice failed to bring satisfying scores and left me discouraged.(运用了that引导的宾语从句，because引导的状语从句) 【高分句型2】My teacher comforted me patiently and pointed out my silent progress in grammar and expression that I had ignored.(运用了that引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 大连市第二十四中学2026-2027学年度高三年级第一次月考英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Which subject does the woman find difficult? A. Math. B. English. C. Chemistry. 2. What does Jack plan to do this weekend? A. Play badminton. B. Practice singing. C. Work out in the gym. 3. When will the concert be held? A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Saturday. 4. Why does the woman thank Dave? A. For helping her move. B. For treating her to dinner. C. For finding her a new job. 5. When does the shuttle bus usually arrive? A. At 6:00 p.m. B. At 6:10 p.m. C. At 6:20 p.m. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A family gathering. C. A planting experience. 7. What color are the maple leaves now? A. Red. B. Snow white. C. Yellow. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What is the man doing? A. Reading a book. B. Playing a great game. C. Repairing a machine. 9. What made the house smell strange? A. Dirty carpet. B. The vacuum. C. The humid weather. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. What excited the man most when he was a child? A. Watching TV. B. Riding the bike. C. Playing video games. 11. Who saved the almost missing little girl? A. Her mother. B. A strange man. C. A watermelon seller. 12. How does the man feel in the end? A. Angry. B. Relieved. C. Upset. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. What did the man do just now? A. Fix a locker. B. Pick up his parcels. C. Make online purchases. 14. What is the woman’s biggest concern? A. The mess. B. The space. C. The money. 15. What will the man do next? A. Make a weekend plan. B. Throw out the packages. C. Sort out the goods bought online. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Driver and tourist. C. Doctor and patient. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 17. What is a hobby farmer? A. One who raises pets. B. One who buys animals. C. One who farms for fun. 18. Where is Brian Gazda’s small farm located? A. In Idaho. B. In Florida. C. In North Carolina. 19. What can we infer from Brittany Snow’s experience? A. She gave up teaching to run her small farm. B. She made much money by selling goat milk. C. Raising small goats was harder than she expected. 20. What will the speaker talk about next? A. Suitable animals for hobby farming. B. Reasons for giving up hobby farming. C. Traditional benefits of hobby farming. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Unlock the Power of Computer Programming Learning a new language opens a wealth of opportunities. But there’s one language family that provides benefits like no other: the languages of computer programming. Programming is a fun, creative and learnable skill that gives you unrivaled problem-solving power you can apply in the digital realm and the physical world. These 24 engaging and information-rich half-hour lessons use one of the world’s most popular computer languages, Python, as a gateway to the universe of programming. Taught by Professor John Keyser of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Texas A&M University, one of the top-ranked computer science programs in the country, this course assumes no prior background in computer science, and is so clear, carefully paced, and comprehensive that it will appeal to both beginners and experienced programmers. Offer expires 12/25/2023 THEGREATCOURSES.COM/9TME 1-800-832-2412 How to Program: Computer Science Concepts and Python Exercises Course no.915 24 lectures (30 minutes/lecture) SAVE $190 DVD $269.95 NOW $79.95 +$10 shipping, Processing, and Lifetime Satisfaction Guarantee Priority Code: 130968 For over 25 years, The Great Courses has brought the world’s foremost educators to millions who want to go deeper into the subjects that matter most. No exam. No homework. Just a world of knowledge available anytime, anywhere. Download or stream to your laptop or PC, or use our free mobile apps for iPad, iPhone, or Android. Over 550 courses available at www.The Great Courses.com. 1. How much should you pay if you want to buy a DVD of How to Program home on 12/30/2023? A. $190. B. $279.95. C. $79.95. D. $89.95. 2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A. The lectures given in this DVD last 12 hours in total. B. There are exams and homework at the end of each lecture. C. You are open to the fun of computer programming through the lectures. D. You will have no difficulty following the lectures if you are new to programming. 3. Where can you most probably find this information? A. A leaflet of a science museum. B. A textbook on computer science. C. An autobiography of a tech giant. D. A magazine about science and technology. B When I was a young girl, a retired hairdresser who lived opposite us would come to do my mum’s hair once a week. My mum would sit under the hairdryer and the hairdresser would talk and talk. I would sit in the dining room while observing how, so often, neither woman really listened to the other. My mother would wait for gaps in the conversation so she could say, “Exactly,” and then launch into her own, often unrelated, stories. Over many meals in my teens, I would watch as family members interrupted conversations, sending the chat on a detour that became all about them. As a child, I lacked the words to explain the way I felt. It was only when I was appointed The Guardian’s agony aunt in 2008 that I realized I still had a lot to learn. As part of the process of replying to readers’ letters, I would invite experts to work with me. I was greedy for their insights into human behavior and soon learned that the basis of every problem I received was communication in some form. Listening, I discovered, wasn’t just about asking good questions or not interrupting. It was about really hearing what the other person was saying, and WHY they were saying it. Sometimes, this means looking for what’s not said, and which words are used to mask emotions that are hard to acknowledge. The psychotherapist I’ve spoken to most often for my columns is Chris Mills. He taught me that allowing a tiny silence after someone has spoken can enable their words to say a bit more. Try it: resist saying something immediately after someone has stopped speaking. But listening is not about remaining silent. If it goes on too long, silence can make things awkward. The mistake many people make is filling the silence with their own stories. Offering up the, “Oh, that happened to me, too” stories seems empathetic, and they do have their place if they are short, reinforcing the point your companion was making. But doing this without thought is called “shifting” because you end up hijacking the conversation and turning the focus on to yourself. When you do this, the other person can feel shut down. Instead, try supporting them, using responses such as, “How did that make you feel?” or “What a lot you have on your shoulders!” I used to think that simple responses such as these were not all that important until one day, after I have complained to my cousin about an especially stressful day, he simply responded with two words: “I understand.” I felt seen, heard and understood. Ever since then, I’ve never forgotten the power of short answers. So has more than a decade of answering your questions and consulting the very best experts made me an excellent listener? Nope. But I do really try. Listening is a skill that all of us could do with a little sharpening. 4. As the retired hairdresser talked while doing her hair, the author’s mum listened ________. A. attentively B. eagerly C. impatiently D. impolitely 5. Before the author became an agony aunt, she thought good listening was just about ________. A. resisting the temptation of giving immediate response B. letting the other person do the talking and asking good questions C. filling the silence by offering short and empathetic response D. shifting the focus and suggesting lists of what they should do 6. The underlined word hijacking in paragraph 6 means ________. A. taking in B. taking on C. taking over D. taking back 7. We can learn from the article that now, the author ________. A. is attempting to become a better listener B. regards herself to be an extraordinary listener C. always replies to other people with short answers D. offers training services to poor communicators C An AI-powered robot was able to separate a gall bladder (胆囊) from the liver of a dead pig in what researchers claim is the first realistic surgery by a machine with almost no human intervention. The robot is powered by a two-tier AI system trained on 17 hours of video containing 16,000 motions performed by human surgeons during operations. When put to work, the first layer of the AI system watches video, monitors the surgery and issues plain-language instructions, while the second AI layer turns each instruction into 3D tool motions. In all, the gall bladder surgery requires 17 separate tasks. The robotic system has performed the operation eight times, achieving 100 percent success in all of the tasks. “Current surgical robotic technology has made some procedures less invasive, but risks haven’t really dropped from previous laparoscopic (使用腹腔镜的) surgeries by human surgeons,” says team member Axel Krieger at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland. “This made us look into what is the next generation of robotic systems that can help patients and surgeons.” “The study really highlights the art of the possibility with AI and surgical robotics,” says Danail Stoyanov at University College London. “Incredible advances in computer vision for surgical video with the availability of open robotic platforms for research make it possible to demonstrate surgical automation.” But many challenges remain to make the system practical in clinical use. “While the robot completed the task with 100% success, it had to self-correct six times per case. For example, this could mean a gripper (夹持器) designed to grasp an artery missed its hold on the first try,” Stoyanov said. “There were a lot of instances where it had to self-correct, but this was all fully autonomous,” says Krieger. “It would correctly identify the initial mistake and then fix itself.” The robot also had to ask a human to change one of its surgical instruments for another, meaning some level of human intervention was required. The next step, says Krieger, is to let a robot operate autonomously on a live animal, where breathing and bleeding could complicate things. “But with continued research, we’re confident that we can overcome these obstacles step by step.” 8. What are the two-tier tasks that the AI system is trained to perform? A. Giving instructions and performing motions. B. Monitoring the surgery and issuing commands. C. Analyzing video and choosing surgical tools. D. Imitating human surgeons and separating tasks. 9. What breakthrough does the new robot achieve over traditional laparoscopic surgeries? A. Minimal invasiveness with no danger. B. Near autonomy with high success rate. C. Low risks in complex surgical tasks. D. Faster self - correction speed in operations. 10. What may prove challenging in a robot operation according to the last paragraph? A. Adapting to real-time variability. B. Identifying surgical mistakes quicker. C. Reducing human help for crucial tasks. D. Dealing with complicated surgeries. 11. Which of the following title best summarizes the passage? A. The Robotic Surgery: Cutting Medical Risks B. The Robotic Surgery: Great Clinical Progress C. The Robotic Surgery: Simplifying Surgery D. The Robotic Surgery: Success and Ongoing Issues D How alike are parents and kids? I, for example, am competitive like my dad; my sister got my mother’s sympathy. My husband and his mom, meanwhile, share a lively debating style; it’s why their conversations get so…animated. It’s an assumption that goes beyond geography: There are “the apple doesn’t fall far from the tree” equivalents worldwide — mostly tree-related, although I like the Portuguese “a fish’s child knows how to swim”. And it’s reinforced culturally. There is a proverb that goes like this, “like father, like son”. It feels true, intuitively (直觉地). But the thing is, it’s not. This isn’t news: Psychologists have known for ages that parents and children don’t particularly share the main personality characteristics. It is getting attention now because of a study that tried to change the way this question of family similarity is explored. Rather than participants only self-reporting their personalities, they also chose a third party who knew them well to assess them. This novel approach suggested more similarities between parents and children approximately 40% rather than the 25% of previous studies. But that is still very low. The study concluded that it was “impossible to accurately predict a child’s personality characteristics from those of their mother or father” and that most relatives are not “much more similar than strangers”. The same study’s findings on the impact of home environment show than “Growing up together does not make people more similar.” But parents aren’t off the hook. Last year, a study of 9.400 11-to 17-year-olds declared: “Parent personalities have a significant impact on a child’s life.” The detailed results concluded: “Kids with neurotic (神经质的) parents scored relatively low on several measures, including grades, overall health, body mass index…and time spent on leisure activities.” As one psychologist has put it, the most direct way to weigh nature against nurture (培养) is “to randomly assign children to parents”, but the real challenge is, you can’t double-blind — randomize parenting, if so, we are left tripping up in the dark. 12. How does the author illustrate the universality of the idea that kids are like parents? A. Through analysis. B. Through proverbs. C. Through stories. D. Through comparison. 13. What is special about the new study on family similarity? A. It does more experiments. B. It makes use of other people’s assessments. C. It adopts the advice of psychologists. D. It explains the participants’ self-reports. 14. What do we know about the result of the novel study? A. It’s imprecise. B. It’s the same as previous result. C. It’s persuasive. D. It’s against traditional understanding. 15. What does the writer suggest in the last two paragraphs? A. Giving advice on parenting. B. Training kids to behave well. C. Improving kids’ personalities. D. Encouraging kids to learn from their parents. 第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went in there, or been about to speak but suddenly realized you had no idea what you were going to say? The human brain normally balances countless inputs, thoughts and actions, but sometimes, it seems to break down. ____16____ Understanding this first requires an understanding of how our memory works — and revealing some myths about memory. Actually, there are two different types of memory: long-term memory and working memory. ____17____ Long-term memories are a broad, varied category of memories that involve knowledge, experiences and skills stored in the brain for extended periods — from hours up to an entire lifetime. On the other hand, working memory is temporary and limited in time. Thoughts in working memory dash through the mind for only seconds or minutes at a time. Working memory is like the “sketchpad (素描本) of conscious thought,” Earl K. Miller, a professor of brain science at MIT, told Live Science. ____18____ Every bit of new information, inner dialogue and sensory input routes through working memory, and certain characteristics of working memory likely explain why we forget those thoughts. First, working memory has very limited capacity. ____19____ For example, rather than being aware of all of these “chunks” at the same time, the brain moves quickly from one idea to another, making it more likely that one gets lost in the process, Miller explained. Second, the brain quickly erases unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information. So unless those short-term memories are transferred into long-term memories (a process called strengthening), they’re soon gone from conscious thought. ____20____ The brain is especially likely to “drop the ball” from working memory when it’s sleepy or affected by alcohol or other drugs. Age is also a factor. Miller said working memory function reaches its best in a person’s 20s and starts to decline during middle age. A. And this is a main reason for short-time forgetting. B. Certain factors can make this memory forgetting more likely. C. So what really happens when we forget what we were just thinking about? D. Can people easily improve their working memory by taking certain vitamins? E. Many confuse working memory and long-term memory, but they differ. F. Long-term memory is far more important than working memory for daily life. G. This vivid comparison perfectly shows how working memory handles small bits of information. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like most teenagers growing up in the digital age, I relied on my phone for photos. These were mostly quick snaps (快照) that were ____21____ but rarely revisited. My profile on Instagram was a polished collection of such photos intended to ____22____ my peers. The transition from sharing images to____23____ memories for myself was a gradual one. It began with a simple ____24____: flipping (翻阅) through family photo albums. I was attracted by the images from my family’s ____25____. They weren’t polished, but they held stories that words often couldn’t ____26____ — of birthdays, ceremonies and family portraits. In those photographs, I saw ____27____. I realized that every image was a piece of something ____28____: a history that had been passed down. It was this ____29____ that led me to pick up my film camera. With just 36 exposures per roll, each photo required ____30____, a slowing down to see the world around me. I now take photos of the things that matter most: friends’ weddings, holidays and small moments of joy. If a picture didn't turn out as I had hoped, it didn’t matter. The ____31____ became part of the story. They weren't meant for ____32____or comments — they were meant for me, for family and friends. There's a sense of ____33____ when I finally open an envelope of developed prints. I’m ____34____ those moments. And in that sense, my ____35____ to film photography feels like a desire to regain the permanence and closeness that comes with holding a memory in your hands. 21. A. copied B. printed C. shared D. downloaded 22. A. control B. impress C. support D. instruct 23. A. keeping B. remembering C. blocking D. erasing 24. A. fact B. act C. task D. experiment 25. A. tradition B. business C. past D. origin 26. A. prove B. convey C. change D. continue 27. A. hopes B. items C. conventions D. connections 28. A. larger B. stranger C. simpler D. fresher 29. A. imagination B. passion C. realization D. prediction 30. A. improvement B. intention C. inspiration D. development 31. A. colors B. errors C. patterns D. imperfections 32. A. likes B. jokes C. deals D. games 33. A. gratitude B. emptiness C. relief D. rediscovery 34. A. transported back to B. stuck in C. led into D. carried away by 35. A. claim B. response C. shift D. shortcut 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hsu Cho-yun,___36___ influential historian, passed away at 95 on Monday in Pittsburgh,___37___ his last Sina Weibo post 11 days ago recounting a miserable childhood memory of witnessing the Battle of Taierzhuang. Hsu completed his graduate education in Taiwan and the United States and taught in the history department at Taiwan University. In the 1970s, Hsu accepted a full professorship at the University ofPittsburgh,___38___ he specialized in ancient Chinese social and cultural history. The historian’ s ___39___ (represent) academic works include Western Chou Civilizations and Han Agriculture, apart from a body of influential works. In his later years, Hsu dedicated ___40___ (he) to summarizing, revising and expanding upon his scholarly works and observations, further ___41___ (enrich) his insights and creating a prolific output in publications. He particularly appealed to more attention ___42___(pay) to the conditions and roles of the younger generation, sharing his life stories and offering encouragement for young people. Born with a physical ___43___ (disable) and having experienced the Chinese People’s War of ResistanceAgainst Japanese Aggression (1931—45) in his childhood, Hsu lived a hard yet fruitful life. When ___44___(ask) whether he had any regrets in life, the late historian quoted ancient poet Lu You’ s line, “My only hatred is that a unified land is not seen” to express his deepest longing. David Wang, professor of Chinese literature at Harvard University, wrote in an article in 2023 ____45____their discussions in his late years, mostly held over the phone, covered a variety of academic topics and frequently focused on the situations on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim获悉你校正在开展“健康校园”倡议征集活动，为此发来邮件想了解你的倡议内容。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1.介绍你的倡议； 2.给出理由。 提示词：倡议proposal 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had always been weak in English writing. My articles were filled with simple sentences and all kinds of grammar mistakes, so I often got low marks in every English exam. Every time the teacher handed out exam papers, I would quickly cover my paper, afraid that my classmates would see my terrible scores. Watching them get high marks without much effort, I felt deeply upset and helpless. Little by little, I even made up my mind to give up English writing completely. Luckily, my English teacher soon noticed my bad mood. Instead of blaming me for my poor performance, she stayed after class and talked with me patiently. She told me that valuable progress never comes in a short time, and sticking to daily practice is the most useful way to get through all kinds of difficulties. Her warm words brought me a little hope again. Encouraged by what she said, I decided to make a real change. I bought a thick notebook to write down beautiful sentences and useful expressions from Reader’s Digest every day. After finishing my schoolwork, I rewrote my compositions again and again. Each afternoon after class, I went to her office and handed my revised articles to her to correct all my mistakes. I reviewed these marked points every night to avoid making the same errors next time. However, two months of steady hard work did not bring me better results. Staring at the disappointing paper covered with red lines, I lost all my confidence once more. I could not help wondering if all my time and effort meant nothing at all. 注意： 1. 续写词数应在150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1 One afternoon, I wandered into my teacher’s office with tears welling up in my eyes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 Months later, the city-wide English examination arrived. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $