Unit4提升练习2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册

八年级上Unit 4 提升练习 一、语言知识及运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1–15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 As technology keeps improving, our lives will be different from what they used to be. In the future, we’ll have far __1__ ways to travel. For example, solar cars and electric cars __2__ much more popular. At work, AI will help us do many things quickly. We’ll study and communicate on __3__ Internet. Students might stay at home and learn online instead of __4__ to school every day. They can both watch interesting video lessons __5__ talk with teachers and classmates in virtual (虚拟的) classrooms. Our homes will be full __6__ high-tech devices. Robots will help with housework. In factories, machines will take the place of workers, so factories won’t need __7__ workers. Robots can even be our friends. They will use AI __8__ and play with us. We can get information and talk to __9__ faster. We can enjoy food, have fun, and read the news whenever we want. __10__ exciting the future is! However, something bad __11__ come with these changes. With technology, we might become too lazy (懒惰的) and spend much time on smart devices. Many of __12__ could even have problems with our mind and body. To stay __13__, we need to exercise and spend time outdoors. __14__ life will be more convenient, we shouldn’t forget to care about our family and friends. With technology and our efforts, we can create a better world where people will live __15__ and be in good health. ( ) 1. A. good B. better C. well D. best ( ) 2. A. become B. becomes C. will become D. is becoming ( ) 3. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( ) 4. A. go B. going C. to go D. went ( ) 5. A. and B. or C. but D. so ( ) 6. A. with B. from C. at D. of ( ) 7. A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too ( ) 8. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked ( ) 9. A. other B. others C. the other D. another ( ) 10. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an ( ) 11. A. need B. should C. might D. must ( ) 12. A. we B. our C. us D. ours ( ) 13. A. health B. healthy C. healthily D. healthiest ( ) 14. A. If B. Because C. Although D. When ( ) 15. A. happy B. happier C. happiest D. happily 第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16–25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 William Kamkwamba lives in Malawi, Africa and most people there have to grow their own food and have no electricity or running water. In 2001, when William was 14 years old, life in Malawi became even more __16__. Most families, including William’s, couldn’t grow enough food because of a drought （旱灾). William’s family couldn’t send him to school anymore. However, William wanted to continue his education, so he went to the __17__ near his home to study. One day, he found a science book called Using Energy there. He noticed it included ways of building a windmill (风车). William didn’t know much English, and he wasn’t able to __18__ most of the book. But it was full of __19__. Looking at them, William thought he could build a windmill for his family. When William went home and started building his windmill, a lot of people __20__ him. They didn’t think he could do it, but William was __21__. William worked hard and he changed and __22__ his design little by little. Finally, he achieved great __23__. People in his town started to come to his house to use electricity. Later, William built a second windmill. William was so __24__ that he was asked to go back to school. He also helped with other projects, including solar power and clean water. He wrote a book about his life, telling people not to give up __25__ while meeting difficulties. ( ) 16. A. boring B. difficult C. lively D. comfortable ( ) 17. A. restaurant B. hospital C. library D. company ( ) 18. A. understand B. complete C. produce D. check ( ) 19. A. pictures B. challenges C. problems D. diaries ( ) 20. A. helped with B. laughed at C. gave up D. looked for ( ) 21. A. popular B. caring C. unlucky D. confident ( ) 22. A. improved B. solved C. connected D. divided ( ) 23. A. style B. trouble C. difference D. success ( ) 24. A. sad B. friendly C. talented D. brave ( ) 25. A. hardly B. wisely C. easily D. heavily 二、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 A Garrett Morgan (1877—1963), The USA — Traffic signal: Garrett Morgan was a smart man who made the traffic signal in 1923. It helps people know when to stop and go. It uses red, yellow, and green lights. Red means “stop”, yellow means “slow down”, and green means “go”. It keeps everyone safe on the road. John Logie Baird (1888—1946), The UK — Television: John Logie Baird invented the television in 1925. It lets people see and hear shows and the news from all over the world. It’s like a magic window to different places. You can watch cartoons, sports, and movies on it. Karl Drais (1785—1851), Germany — Bicycle: Karl Drais invented the bicycle in 1817. It’s a two-wheeled vehicle that people ride using pedals (踏板). It’s a fun and healthy way to travel. You can ride it to school, to the park, or just for fun. Louis Braille (1809—1852), France — Braille system: Louis Braille made the Braille system in 1824. It’s a way for blind people to read using raised dots (凸起的圆点). It helps them learn and enjoy books. Each dot pattern stands for a different letter or word. ( ) 26. Whose invention could make people know a lot about the world? A. Garrett Morgan’s. B. John Logie Baird’s. C. Karl Drais’s. D. Louis Braille’s. ( ) 27. How old was Karl Drais when he invented the bicycle? A. 46. B. 37. C. 32. D. 15. ( ) 28. What is the Braille system? A. A way to write letters on paper. B. A machine that can read books aloud. C. A new kind of book with colourful pictures. D. A way for blind people to read with raised dots. ( ) 29. What did the writer mention about the inventions? ① Their uses ② Their costs (花费) ③ Their inventors ④ How they were invented ⑤ How long it took to invent them A. ④⑤ B. ①③ C. ①② D. ③④ ( ) 30. What is the text mainly about? A. Different inventions from different countries. B. Useful inventions invented by young people. C. The importance of traffic signals in people’s life. D. The history of some famous inventions. B Shaine Kilyun is an American high school student. In her free time, Shaine builds wheelchairs for animals in need. So far, she has made wheelchairs for many animals, such as dogs, cats and a duck. Shaine has always loved animals. Once she had a dog and two cats. She also helped at animal shelters (收容所) and hospitals. But the animal lover was sad when she learned old and disabled animals are often euthanized (安乐死) because they can’t walk and need special care. One day, a video on the Internet gave her hope. In the video, disabled dogs ran around happily in wheelchairs. “I can make wheelchairs for old and disabled animals!” Shaine told herself. Then Shaine spent her free time watching videos to learn to make wheelchairs for animals. She also learned from animal doctors. After she made the first one, she tested it on her own dog and cats. Soon, Shaine was very excited to receive her first order. It was from the owner of a blind dog called Cypress. The 7-month-old dog had shorter front legs than back legs. Seeing Cypress run and play in her wheelchair, Shaine felt good and decided to go on. Now Shaine can make wheelchairs for animals of all shapes and sizes (形状和大小). Before starting, Shaine needs to know what the animal needs. Depending on its needs, she provides the right wheelchair. In order to let more animals use the wheelchair, she just asks for a little money. Her wheelchair is about $300, while a wheelchair from big companies is about $1,000. “I’ve saved a few lives, and I really hope to save more,” said Shaine. ( ) 31. What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A. The reasons why some animals died. B. The different animals Shaine has helped. C. Shaine’s school life and her work in her free time. D. Shaine’s love for animals and building wheelchairs for them. ( ) 32. How did Shaine get the idea of making wheelchairs for animals? A. By watching a video online. B. By talking with an animal doctor. C. By having a dream about helping animals. D. By reading an article in a science magazine. ( ) 33. What can we infer from the underlined sentence? A. Cypress was a smart dog. B. Cypress had trouble walking. C. Cypress was in danger of dying. D. Cypress was too old to walk by herself. ( ) 34. Which of the following can we use to describe Shaine Kilyun? ① kind ② helpful ③ creative ④ brave A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ①③④ ( ) 35. What’s the best title for the passage? A. A young dog lover’s journey. B. The importance of wheelchairs for animals. C. Helping animals in need: a high school student’s story. D. The challenges of caring for old and disabled animals. C Surprisingly, compared with so many other human inventions, watches are quite new. Each step in their development tells a story of invention. Early humans had to look up to the sky and guess the time of day according to where the sun was. It’s why some of the earliest timekeeping instruments were things like the sundial (日晷). They used the sun’s shadow (阴影) to mark the passing of time during the day. For example, they would place a pole in the ground — its long morning shadow pointed west, shortened at noon, and then lengthened eastward in the afternoon. By marking these shadow positions (位置), they knew the time. One big development came in the 17th century with the invention of the pendulum clock (摆钟) by Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens. But pendulum clocks weren’t convenient enough for people to take away! Peter Henlein, a German clockmaker, is thought to be the inventor of the first “watch”. Henlein’s creations were small enough to be carried on the body, usually in a pocket. As a result, the name “pocket watch” appeared. It wasn’t until the late 18th century that pocket watches became popular among most people. It is often said that the inventor of the first wristwatch was Abraham-Louis Breguet, a Swiss watchmaker. In the 19th century, he created a special watch that could be worn on the wrist for Queen Caroline Murat of Naples. It wasn’t until the early 20th century that wristwatches became more popular, especially for men. Watchmakers around the world quickly followed. Today, we’re in the age of smartwatches. From tracking the sun to wearing time on our wrists, it’s amazing to see how our need to tell the time has shaped history. I wonder what will come next. ( ) 36. What was the earliest way humans told the time during the day according to the passage? A. By using pocket watches. B. By listening to pendulum clocks. C. By reading sundials made of metal. D. By watching the position of the sun in the sky. ( ) 37. How does the writer write the passage? A. By size. B. By importance. C. In order of time. D. In alphabetical order. ( ) 38. What can we infer about smartwatches from the passage? A. They first appeared in the 17th century. B. They keep time less exactly than traditional pocket watches. C. They are the final development in timekeeping technology. D. They mark a new step in the history of timekeeping. ( ) 39. What big change happened to clocks and watches over time? A. They got much bigger. B. They got more expensive. C. They became easier to carry. D. They stopped using batteries. ( ) 40. What’s the writer’s purpose for writing the passage? A. To show the newest smartwatches to readers. B. To compare different types of clocks used in the past. C. To describe the development of watches through history. D. To explain how ancient people told the time without clocks. 第二节 阅读填空（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 根据文章内容从 A-E 选项中，选出可以填入文中空白处的最佳选项，使补全后的文章意思通顺，前后连贯。 What kind of school do you want in the future? (41) ______ The school building will be different from what it used to be. There will be no more desks, textbooks or old blackboards. (42) ______ In other words, many schools will look like your favorite co-working (合作) space and the seats usually change! Schools will be filled with new technologies and the latest computers for each student to use. (43) ______ In 2030, adaptive learning software （自适应学习软件） will help teachers with their work. It’s a kind of computer software that uses AI to help students study. Adaptive learning works faster to meet students’ different needs. And schools will spend more time teaching life skills or letting students study things that interest them. In 2030, students will be taught according to their needs in the form of high technology. There will be an app for almost everything you can imagine. (44) ______ This means students will have more choices in the future of education. (45) ______ What would you add? A. What do you think of these changes? B. The role of teachers in 2030 will change too. C. Here is what I hope the school will look like in 2030. D. School buildings will have “flexible seating (灵活的座位)”. E. AR or VR will help students have a deeper understanding of what they are learning. 三、读写综合（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 配对阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 上栏是五个人所遇到的问题，下栏是七个不同的发明。请为每位学生推荐最适合他们的发明。 ( ) 46. Lucy loves her plants but often forgets to water them. She travels a lot and wants to make sure her garden stays healthy even when she’s away. ( ) 47. Tom is afraid of biking home after soccer practice because it’s dark and cold. He needs something to help him be seen and stay warm. ( ) 48. Mike has trouble with math and often forgets his homework deadlines. He needs something to help him stay organized and understand math better. ( ) 49. Nina collects plastic bottles and wants to do more to help reduce （减少） ocean pollution. She needs something that supports her eco-friendly goals. ( ) 50. Mr. Zhang is going to Germany next month, but he doesn’t know any German. He needs something to help him learn basic German words quickly. A. Smart Plant Guard This is a small device that sticks into plant soil. It checks water, sunlight, and soil health, and sends messages to your phone when plants need care. It is perfect for plant lovers who are always busy. B. Language Learning Glasses These glasses show you words in another language and help you say them right. They’re perfect for learning new languages. C. Homework Helper Robot This mini robot helps you plan your study time, reminds you of deadlines, and explains difficult questions in a simple way. It’s perfect for students who need a little extra help. D. Eco Water Bottle This is a self-cleaning bottle made from recycled plastic. It cleans the water as you drink and shows you how much plastic you’ve saved. It’s really good for people who care about the environment. E. Safety Night Jacket This is a jacket with built-in LED lights for night safety. Its lights flash when you ride bikes or walk in the dark, and it can keep you warm on cold days. F. Pocket Chef This little device looks in your fridge and suggests easy recipes (食谱). It teaches you how to cook with fun videos. It’s perfect for beginners in the kitchen. G. Fitness Watch This light watch tracks your steps and heart rate when you exercise. It can set study reminders for you, but it cannot check plant conditions or teach new languages. It is great for people who want to keep fit. 第二节 简答题（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。 Almost everything we use today comes from inventions. Some inventions are high-tech products, while others look simple but change the world greatly. Paper is one of the most wonderful ancient inventions. Before paper was invented, people recorded information on heavy wooden boards or expensive silk. Those materials were either too heavy to carry or too costly for ordinary people. As a result, knowledge was hard to spread. Only rich people could have access (机会) to written records, and most ordinary people had few chances to learn. After improved paper-making skills appeared, paper became light and affordable. People could write down ideas, stories and important facts easily. Knowledge travelled quickly from one place to another. More people were able to read and receive education. This invention pushed human society forward step by step. Even in today’s digital world, paper still plays an important role in our life. However, it also causes environmental problems. Producing large amounts of paper means cutting down plenty of trees. If we keep wasting paper, forests will become smaller. An invention itself is just a tool. Its influence depends on the way people use it. We should respect this great invention and form the good habit of saving paper in our daily life. 51. Where did people record information before paper was invented? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Why was it hard for ordinary people to get knowledge long ago? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. How did paper become after improved paper-making skills appeared? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. What environmental problem does paper-making bring? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. What does the writer think of an invention itself? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 四、写作（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词，注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 I like inventing new things and my latest invention is a small device that can make life easier. It is mainly made of (56) m__________ which makes it strong and long-lasting. The (57) c__________ part of this device is a special sensor. This sensor can find heat around it very well. What’s more, this device can also (58) n__________ something unusual around us, which can help us stay safe. So (59) p__________, I think this is a very practical invention. It can help people (60) a__________ some potential （潜在的） dangers, such as over-heating in some places. I think many people will find it useful in different places someday. And I hope I can be a great inventor when I grow up. 第二节 语法填空（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 根据短文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nowadays, many teenagers enjoy hiking in natural parks. Among all outdoor activities, hiking is one of the most popular choices for students. It is (61) _________ (good) for your health than watching videos at home. When you hike, you can enjoy amazing views and breathe fresh air. It is (62) _________ (help) to take a small bag with some water and food. If you meet unexpected difficulties along the way, keep calm and believe in (63) _________ (you). Besides, avoid (64) __________ (leave) rubbish behind. Everyone should play a part (65) _________ keeping the park clean and beautiful for visitors. 第三节 书面表达（共1小题；满分20分） 假设你是李华，你们学校的 “青创社”(Youth Innovation Club)即将举办主题为 “未来校园科技节(Future Campus Tech Festival)”的活动，现面向全校征集创意发明方案。请你根据以下提示内容，给社团负责人Mr. Smith写一封信，介绍你的发明。 提示内容： 1. What is your invention? 2. What can your invention do? 3. What benefits can your invention bring to the school? 要求： 1. 词数80左右（给出部分不计入总词数）； 2. 要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3. 不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4. 条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 Dear Mr. Smith, I am Li Hua, a student from Class 3, Grade 8. I’m excited to share my invention for the Future Campus Tech Festival. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、 第一节 1-5 BCCBA　 6-10 DCBBA　 11-15 CCBCD 第二节 16-20 BCAAB　21-25 DADCC 二、 第一节 26-30 BCDBA　31-35 DABAC　36-40 DCDCC 第二节 41-45 CDBEA 三、 第一节 46-50 AECDB 第二节 51. On heavy wooden boards or expensive silk. 52. Because the recording materials were too heavy or too expensive for them. 53. It became light and affordable. 54. It means cutting down lots of trees. 55. An invention itself is just a tool. 四、 第一节 56. metal　57. central　58. notice　59. personally　60. avoid 第二节 61. better 62. helpful 63. yourself 64. leaving 65. in 第三节 书面表达（范文） Dear Mr. Smith, I am Li Hua, a student from Class 3, Grade 8. I’m excited to share my invention for the Future Campus Tech Festival. My invention is called the “Smart Classroom Helper”. It’s a small robot that is good at doing many useful things and can make school life easier and more enjoyable. First of all, it can help clean the classroom by picking up rubbish. What’s more, it can remind teachers about their class schedules. Best of all, it can even take care of plants in our school garden by watering them! I believe this invention will make our school life better in some ways. As we all know, a good environment helps us study better. This invention will not only make our classroom cleaner, but it will also help teachers stay organized. In my opinion, both students and teachers will find it extremely useful and fun! I hope you like my idea. Thank you for your time! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $