阅读理解专项训练4 （4篇阅读+词汇长难句+答案解析）2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

英语阅读理解专项训练1 第一部分 阅读题目区 Passage A Your Kitchen Sponge Can Hide Germs Without Smelling The kitchen sponge is one of the germiest things in your home. That's not great for something you use to wipe your plates, glasses and forks. A study has now taken a close look at this hidden germ problem, and it gives some good reasons to replace that wet sponge by your sink more often. Scientists at the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) tested three common bacteria that can make people sick through food: E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus. They put small numbers of each onto sponges. The bacteria quickly multiplied and stayed alive for at least 14 days, even after the sponges had dried out. It's hard to say whether this would be enough to make you ill, because that depends on many things. But the researchers say it could be a concern for homes with young children, older people or anyone with a weak immune system. "Quite a few cases of foodborne infection originate in private households, and they are not always limited to a day or two of feeling unwell," said Andreas Hensel, one of the study's authors. The germs were also hard to notice. Even when the sponges were full of bacteria, they didn't smell bad or look dirty or greasy. From there, the bacteria can easily spread to a plate you eat from or a board you cut vegetables on. So should you throw your sponge away for good? Not exactly. The team says the real problem is how people decide when to replace them. "Many consumers decide when to replace their kitchen sponges based on how they look or smell. However, this is an unreliable indicator," the BfR said. Instead, think about how you've used it. If a sponge has touched anything that held raw meat, throw it away. Otherwise, you can reduce the bacteria by soaking the sponge in water hotter than 70 degrees Celsius for at least two minutes. You may also want to stop leaving dirty dishes in the sink overnight. Sinks and tap handles carry some of the most bacteria in a typical home, including E. coli and Staphylococcus. Hygiene experts advise against leaving plates and pans to soak there, which creates a kind of soup for germs. Questions 1-5 1. What did scientists at the BfR test in their study? A. How sponges are made in factories. B. Three common bacteria that can make people sick through food. C. Whether sponges can be washed in the dishwasher. D. How many sponges the average family uses per year. 2. According to the passage, why is it difficult to tell whether a sponge is dangerous? A. Because sponges are too expensive to replace. B. Because sponges with lots of bacteria don't smell bad or look dirty. C. Because scientists cannot find any bacteria on sponges. D. Because sponges dry out too quickly for bacteria to grow. 3. What does the underlined word "originate" in paragraph 5 most likely mean? A. End. B. Begin. C. Spread. D. Improve. 4. What does the BfR suggest people do instead of judging sponges by their appearance? A. Buy more expensive sponges. B. Replace sponges based on how they have been used. C. Only use sponges for cutting vegetables. D. Wash sponges once a month. 5. What is the best title for this passage? A. How to Clean Your Kitchen Sponges Properly B. The Hidden Germ Problem in Your Kitchen Sponge C. Why You Should Stop Using Sponges D. The Best Way to Kill Bacteria in Your Home Passage B From No. 160 to China Open Champion: Zheng's Fire Returns Zheng Qinwen ended the China Open final with an ace. The shot sealed a 7-5, 6-4 victory over Mirra Andreeva and made Zheng the first Chinese player to win the women's singles title in Beijing. It was also her first WTA 1000 trophy and her first title in nearly two years. The victory looked very different from where she had been only a few months earlier. Zheng had once reached No. 4 in the world, but elbow surgery in 2025 interrupted her rise. She returned to competition too quickly and had to stop playing again. By the middle of the 2026 season, her ranking had fallen to No. 160. For a player used to entering the biggest events directly, starting again from qualifying was a difficult adjustment. She lost in the qualifying round in Toronto, then skipped another tournament to focus on training. At the US Open, she came through qualifying and reached the quarterfinals. It was the first clear sign that her game was returning. Zheng arrived in Beijing ranked No. 54 and received a wild card, a special invitation to enter the main draw. Her route to the trophy was long. She played seven matches, and each of her first four went to three sets. As the tournament continued, however, she became more confident. She won her final three matches in straight sets. The final still tested her. Andreeva broke serve early, and Zheng later had to save three set points. She responded by winning the final 11 points of the opening set. In the second, she broke Andreeva late and served out the match. But Zheng's comeback was not only about recovering her shots. Earlier in her career, she had treated winning as something as necessary and ordinary as water. The long period without success changed that view. She began to value each victory and the work behind it. She also came to see that low points could reveal weaknesses and create room for growth. After the final, Zheng said she had found her "inside fire" again. The title was expected to lift her from a season-low No. 160 back into the world's top 30. The ranking tells part of the story. The more important change may be the one Zheng described herself. She no longer expects victory to arrive automatically. Now she understands what it takes to find it again. Questions 6-10 6. What made Zheng Qinwen special in the China Open? A. She won her second WTA 1000 title. B. She was the first Chinese player to win the women's singles title in Beijing. C. She defeated Mirra Andreeva in the qualifying round. D. She returned to the world No. 1 ranking immediately. 7. What does the underlined phrase "wild card" in paragraph 5 most likely mean? A. A card with a random number. B. A special invitation to enter a competition. C. A ticket that costs less money. D. A medical certificate for injury. 8. What happened to Zheng Qinwen in 2025? A. She won her first WTA 1000 title. B. She reached the quarterfinals at the US Open. C. She had elbow surgery and had to stop playing. D. She became the world No. 1 player. 9. How did Zheng Qinwen's performance change as the tournament progressed? A. She lost more matches in the later rounds. B. She played worse in the final than in earlier rounds. C. She won her final three matches in straight sets. D. She refused to play in the final. 10. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Zheng Qinwen's journey from a career low to winning the China Open. B. The history of the China Open tennis tournament. C. How to recover from a sports injury. D. The difference between WTA 1000 and other tennis tournaments. Passage C Smashing Things When Angry May Make It Worse Some people go to the gym to get fit. Others go there to get angry. It is called a rage workout. The idea is not that you get annoyed at the gym, perhaps at the man who sits on the machine you need while he checks his phone. The idea is that you get angry on purpose, and use that anger to power your exercise. A popular move is hitting a huge tractor tire with a heavy hammer. On paper, that is just a hard workout for your shoulders and stomach. But what matters is what the tire stands for. It could be your broken dryer, or the driver who cut in front of you yesterday. In Knoxville, Tennessee, one gym runs a "rage room" class. People take out their anger on ropes, punching bags and, yes, tractor tires. In Newcastle, England, another class has people shout as loudly as they can while they punch the air and step forward. One regular told a newspaper that the screaming is "exactly what we all need." There are also rage rooms, where people pay to spend an hour smashing plates and old machines with a baseball bat. A class costs less, and nobody has to sweep up the mess afterward. So is this a healthy way to let anger out? Science says probably not. In 2002, Brad Bushman, a researcher at Iowa State University, looked for the best way to calm anger down. He found that letting anger out with your body, such as by hitting things, did not make it go away. It made people angrier. Those who hit objects when they are angry, he wrote, are basically "practicing how to behave aggressively." So what worked better? Doing nothing at all. The calmest people in his study had not hit anything. They had simply sat quietly for two minutes. That is bad news for the tractor tire. It is good news for everyone else. The cheapest way to cool down may be to sit still and wait. Questions 11-15 11. What is a "rage workout" according to the passage? A. A workout that makes you feel sad. B. An exercise where people get angry on purpose and use that anger to power their exercise. C. A workout that only involves hitting tractor tires. D. A type of yoga that helps people relax. 12. What does the underlined word "rage" in the passage most likely mean? A. Joy. B. Extreme anger. C. Exercise. D. Fear. 13. What did Brad Bushman's study find about hitting things when angry? A. It helps people calm down quickly. B. It makes people angrier, not calmer. C. It is the best way to deal with anger. D. It only works for young people. 14. According to the study, what worked better than hitting things to calm down? A. Running around the gym. B. Shouting as loudly as possible. C. Sitting quietly for two minutes. D. Eating something sweet. 15. What is the passage mainly about? A. How to find a good gym in your city. B. Why smashing things when angry may make anger worse, not better. C. The history of rage rooms in America. D. How to win a fight at the gym. Passage D The Great Hotel Sunbed Race At 7:45 one July morning, Nick Hughes was eating breakfast at his hotel on Tenerife, in the Canary Islands, when he noticed something odd. Guests were starting to line up behind a barrier near the pool. They were not waiting for food or a bus. They were waiting for sunbeds. Over the next hour, the line kept growing. Hughes, a father of two from North Wales, guessed that more than 100 people of all ages had joined it. Some had been standing there for about an hour and 15 minutes. "Before the barrier was opened, everyone seemed very relaxed and friendly," he said. "People were chatting, laughing and generally behaving as you would expect on holiday." At 9 a.m., hotel staff moved the barrier away. "The moment the barrier came down, everything changed," Hughes said. "What had been a calm queue suddenly became a sprint." People rushed in all directions and weaved around one another to get ahead. Some even threw their towels onto sunbeds before they had reached them. Hughes had often heard friends and family talk about the famous sunbed race at holiday hotels, but he had never seen one with his own eyes. He took out his phone and started filming, because he thought it was funny. The scene was even stranger because the hotel had signs asking guests not to save sunbeds. There were also plenty of sunbeds around the hotel. People were not fighting because there were too few. They were competing for the best spots. Hughes thinks hotels could end the race by giving each guest a sunbed when they check in, or by letting them book one on an app. "A better system would remove the stress," he said. His own family did not join in. They finished their breakfast and then went to a bigger pool in another part of the hotel, which opened later. "While so many people were queuing and rushing for beds," he said, "we were able to enjoy a stress-free start to the day and still get exactly what we needed." Hughes later shared his clip online, and some viewers enjoyed the show as much as he did. One wrote: "This was the highlight of our holiday. We sat at the window for breakfast just so we could watch." Questions 16-20 (Task-based Reading) Read the passage and answer the questions below. 16. What time did Nick Hughes notice something odd at the hotel? ________________________________________________________________________ 17. What were the guests waiting for behind the barrier? ________________________________________________________________________ 18. What changed when the barrier was moved away at 9 a.m.? ________________________________________________________________________ 19. Why were people competing for the best sunbed spots instead of fighting because there were too few? ________________________________________________________________________ 20. How did Hughes' family avoid joining the sunbed race? ________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 词汇与长难句汇总区 【Passage A 重点单词与短语】 序号 单词/短语 音标 词性 中文释义 1 sponge /spʌndʒ/ n. 海绵 2 germ /dʒɜːm/ n. 细菌，微生物 3 multiply /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/ v. 繁殖，倍增 4 bacteria /ˈbæktəriə/ n. 细菌 5 immune system /ɪˈmjuːn ˈsɪstəm/ n. 免疫系统 6 foodborne /ˈfuːdbɔːn/ adj. 经食物传播的 7 household /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ n. 家庭，住户 8 indicator /ˈɪndɪkeɪtə(r)/ n. 指示器，标志 9 soak /səʊk/ v. 浸泡 10 hygiene /ˈhaɪdʒiːn/ n. 卫生 【Passage A 长难句分析】 长难句1： A study has now taken a close look at this hidden germ problem, and it gives some good reasons to replace that wet sponge by your sink more often. 【句子主干】A study (主语) has taken (谓语) a close look (宾语) at this hidden germ problem, and it gives (谓语) some good reasons (宾语). 【修饰成分】"now"为时间状语；"to replace that wet sponge by your sink more often"为不定式短语作reasons的后置定语；"hidden"修饰"germ problem"。 【中文翻译】一项最新研究仔细审视了这个隐蔽的细菌问题，并给出了你该更勤快更换水槽边那块湿海绵的充分理由。 长难句2： Even when the sponges were full of bacteria, they didn't smell bad or look dirty or greasy. 【句子主干】they (主语) didn't smell (谓语) bad, or look (谓语) dirty or greasy. 【修饰成分】"Even when the sponges were full of bacteria"为让步状语从句，由"Even when"引导；"full of bacteria"为表语；"or"连接两个并列的谓语结构。 【中文翻译】即使海绵里充满了细菌，它们也不会发出难闻的气味，看起来也不脏或不油腻。 【Passage B 重点单词与短语】 序号 单词/短语 音标 词性 中文释义 1 ace /eɪs/ n. ACE球（网球发球得分） 2 seal /siːl/ v. 确定，锁定 3 victory /ˈvɪktəri/ n. 胜利 4 surgery /ˈsɜːdʒəri/ n. 手术 5 interrupt /ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ v. 打断，中断 6 qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ v. 参加资格赛 7 adjustment /əˈdʒʌstmənt/ n. 调整，适应 8 wild card /waɪld kɑːd/ n. 外卡（特别邀请参赛） 9 straight sets /streɪt sets/ n. 直落两盘 10 comeback /ˈkʌmbæk/ n. 复出，回归 【Passage B 长难句分析】 长难句1： For a player used to entering the biggest events directly, starting again from qualifying was a difficult adjustment. 【句子主干】starting (主语) was (系动词) a difficult adjustment (表语). 【修饰成分】"For a player"为介词短语作状语；"used to entering the biggest events directly" 是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰 a player，意为“习惯于直接参加重大赛事的选手”。 【中文翻译】对于一个习惯于直接参加大赛的选手来说，重新从资格赛打起是一种艰难的适应。 长难句2： She began to value each victory and the work behind it. 【句子主干】She (主语) began (谓语) to value (宾语) each victory and the work (宾语). 【修饰成分】"behind it"为介词短语作后置定语，修饰"the work"；"each"修饰"victory"强调每一场胜利。 【中文翻译】她开始珍惜每一场胜利以及胜利背后的付出。 【Passage C 重点单词与短语】 序号 单词/短语 音标 词性 中文释义 1 rage /reɪdʒ/ n. 暴怒，狂怒 2 workout /ˈwɜːkaʊt/ n. 锻炼，训练 3 annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ adj. 恼怒的 4 tractor tire /ˈtræktə taɪə/ n. 拖拉机轮胎 5 punching bag /ˈpʌntʃɪŋ bæɡ/ n. 沙袋，拳击袋 6 smash /smæʃ/ v. 砸碎，猛击 7 aggressively /əˈɡresɪvli/ adv. 攻击性地 8 calm down /kɑːm daʊn/ phr. 冷静下来 9 let out /let aʊt/ phr. 释放（情绪） 10 cool down /kuːl daʊn/ phr. 冷静，降温 【Passage C 长难句分析】 长难句1： He found that letting anger out with your body, such as by hitting things, did not make it go away. 【句子主干】He (主语) found (谓语) that... (宾语从句). 【修饰成分】宾语从句中：letting anger out (主语，动名词短语) did not make (谓语) it (宾语) go away (宾补)；"such as by hitting things"为举例状语。 【中文翻译】他发现，通过身体发泄愤怒，比如打东西，并不能让愤怒消失。 长难句2： Those who hit objects when they are angry, he wrote, are basically "practicing how to behave aggressively." 【句子主干】Those (主语) are (系动词) "practicing..." (表语). 【修饰成分】"who hit objects"为定语从句修饰Those；"when they are angry"为时间状语从句；"he wrote"为插入语；"how to behave aggressively"为宾语从句作practicing的宾语。 【中文翻译】他写道，那些在生气时砸东西的人，实际上是在"练习如何表现出攻击性行为"。 【Passage D 重点单词与短语】 序号 单词/短语 音标 词性 中文释义 1 barrier /ˈbæriə(r)/ n. 障碍物，隔离栏 2 odd /ɒd/ adj. 奇怪的，奇特的 3 sunbed /ˈsʌnbed/ n. 日光浴床 4 queue /kjuː/ n. 队列，排队 5 sprint /sprɪnt/ n./v. 冲刺，飞奔 6 weave /wiːv/ v. 穿行，躲避 7 towel /ˈtaʊəl/ n. 毛巾 8 compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争，争夺 9 spot /spɒt/ n. 位置，地点 10 stress-free /stres friː/ adj. 无压力的，轻松的 【Passage D 长难句分析】 长难句1： What had been a calm queue suddenly became a sprint. 【句子主干】What从句（主语）+ became（系动词）+ a sprint（表语）。 【修饰成分】What 引导主语从句，从句内部：had been a calm queue；suddenly 作状语。 【中文翻译】原本平静的排队队伍突然变成了冲刺。 长难句2： While so many people were queuing and rushing for beds, we were able to enjoy a stress-free start to the day and still get exactly what we needed. 【句子主干】we (主语) were able to enjoy (谓语) a stress-free start (宾语) and still get (并列谓语) exactly... (宾语). 【修饰成分】"While so many people were queuing and rushing for beds"为时间状语从句；"what we needed"为宾语从句作get的宾语；"exactly"修饰"what we needed"。 【中文翻译】当那么多人还在排队抢床位的时候，我们能够享受一个无压力的开始，并且仍然得到了我们真正需要的东西。 第三部分 参考答案与解析 一、选择题答案（第1-15题） 1-5: B B B B B 6-10: B B C C A 11-15: B B B C B 二、任务型阅读答案（第16-20题） 16. At 7:45 (one July morning). 17. They were waiting for sunbeds. 18. Everything changed. A calm queue suddenly became a sprint. / People rushed in all directions. 19. Because there were plenty of sunbeds around the hotel. They were competing for the best spots. 20. They finished their breakfast and went to a bigger pool in another part of the hotel. 三、详细解析 参考译文 Passage A 厨房海绵：无声藏菌的隐患 厨房海绵是家里细菌最多的物品之一。而它又是用来擦拭盘子、杯子和叉子的东西，这可不是件好事。 一项研究深入探究了这个隐藏的细菌问题，研究也充分说明：水槽边那块湿海绵，需要更频繁地更换。 德国联邦风险评估研究所（BfR）的科学家测试了三种常见食源性致病菌：大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌。他们在海绵上接种少量这类细菌。这些细菌会快速繁殖，即便海绵干透之后，依然至少可以存活 14 天。 很难判定这些细菌量是否足以让人生病，因为这取决于很多因素。但研究人员表示，对于家中有幼儿、老人或是免疫力较弱人群的家庭，这会是一个隐患。 该研究的作者之一安德烈亚斯・亨塞尔说：“不少食源性感染都发生在普通家庭，而且感染带来的不适，并不只是持续一两天而已。” 这些病菌还很难察觉。就算海绵布满细菌，它也不会发臭，看起来也不会脏或者油腻。细菌会轻易从海绵转移到餐盘或是切菜板上。 那我们是不是该直接扔掉海绵？不完全是。研究团队表示，真正的问题在于人们判断更换海绵的时机。 德国联邦风险评估研究所称：“很多消费者根据海绵的外观、气味决定什么时候更换，但这并不是可靠的判断依据。” 相反，你要考虑海绵的使用场景。如果这块海绵接触过生肉容器，就直接扔掉。其他情况下，可以把海绵浸泡在 70 摄氏度以上热水中至少两分钟，以此减少细菌。 另外尽量不要把脏盘子留在水槽过夜。水槽和水龙头把手是普通家庭里细菌最多的地方之一，包含大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。卫生专家建议不要把盘子、锅具长时间泡在水槽里，因为这相当于给细菌制造了滋生的 “营养液”。 Passage B 从世界 160 位到中网冠军：郑钦文重拾内心之火 郑钦文以一记 ACE 球拿下中网决赛。这一球锁定胜局，她以 7-5、6-4 击败米拉・安德烈耶娃，成为首位在北京夺得女子单打冠军的中国选手。这也是她职业生涯首座 WTA1000 级别奖杯，同时是她近两年来的首个冠军。 就在几个月前，她的处境和这场胜利截然不同。郑钦文曾经最高排名世界第 4，但 2025 年的肘部手术中断了她的上升势头。她过早重返赛场，不得不再次停赛休养。到 2026 赛季中期，她的世界排名跌到了第 160 位。 对于一位习惯直接参加顶级大赛的选手来说，从资格赛重新起步是艰难的适应过程。她在多伦多站资格赛出局，之后跳过另一项赛事专心训练。美网比赛，她从资格赛突围并打进八强。这是她竞技状态回归的首个明确信号。 郑钦文来到北京时排名 54 位，拿到外卡，也就是直接进入正赛的特邀名额。她的夺冠之路漫长：一共打了 7 场比赛，前四场全部打满三盘。但随着赛事推进，她越来越自信，最后的三场比赛全部直落两盘拿下。 决赛依旧考验着她。安德烈耶娃早早完成破发，郑钦文之后不得不挽救三个盘点。她连拿首盘最后 11 分完成翻盘。第二盘，她在末段破掉对手发球局，保发拿下整场比赛。 但郑钦文的回归，不只是球技的恢复。职业生涯早期，她曾认为赢球是理所当然的事，就像喝水一样平常。漫长的低谷期改变了她的想法。她开始珍惜每一场胜利以及胜利背后付出的努力。她也意识到，低谷能够暴露自身短板，带来成长的空间。 决赛结束后，郑钦文说她重新找回了心中的 “火焰”。这座冠军，有望将她从赛季最低的 160 位，重新带回世界前 30。 排名只是故事的一部分。更重要的改变，是郑钦文自己所说的内心蜕变。她不再理所当然地期待胜利降临。现在，她懂得要付出怎样的努力，才能再次赢得胜利。 Passage C 愤怒时砸东西，反而会加重负面情绪 有些人去健身房是为了强身健体，还有些人去那儿，是为了释放怒火。 这叫 “愤怒训练”。并不是让你在健身房被惹恼 —— 比如有人占着你要用的器械玩手机。而是刻意调动愤怒情绪，借怒火推动运动。 热门项目是用重锤敲打巨大的拖拉机轮胎。从表面上看，这只是锻炼肩腹的高强度训练。但重点在于轮胎代表的意义：它可以是坏掉的烘干机，或是昨天加塞别你的司机。 在田纳西州诺克斯维尔市，一家健身房开设了 “发泄屋” 课程。人们对着绳索、沙袋，当然还有拖拉机轮胎宣泄怒火。英国纽卡斯尔有另一门课程，参与者一边挥拳向前，一边尽力大喊。一位常客对报社说，这种呐喊 “正是我们所有人需要的”。 市面上还有专门的发泄屋，人们付费，用棒球棒花一小时砸盘子、旧机器。课程收费更低，而且不用自己清理一片狼藉的现场。 但这种宣泄愤怒的方式健康吗？科学研究表明，大概率并不健康。 2002 年，爱荷华州立大学研究员布拉德・布什曼研究平复愤怒的最佳方法。他发现，通过击打物品这类肢体方式发泄怒火，并不能消除怒气，反而让人更加愤怒。他写道：生气时击打物品，本质上是在 “练习攻击性的行为模式”。 那什么方式效果更好？什么都不做。研究中心态最平静的人没有击打任何物品，只是安静静坐两分钟。 这对拖拉机轮胎可不是好消息，但对其他人是个好消息。平复情绪最便宜的办法，就是静静坐着、等待怒火褪去。 Passage D 酒店日光躺椅 “抢位大战” 七月一个清晨 7 点 45 分，尼克・休斯正在加那利群岛特内里费岛的酒店吃早餐，他发现一件怪事：客人们开始在泳池旁的隔离栏后面排队。 他们不是等餐，也不是等班车，而是来抢日光躺椅。 接下来一小时，队伍越来越长。来自北威尔士、有两个孩子的休斯估算，有一百多名各个年龄段的人加入排队。有些人已经在原地等了一小时十五分钟。 他说：“围栏打开前，所有人都很放松、友善，大家聊天说笑，完全是度假该有的样子。” 上午 9 点，酒店工作人员移开围栏。休斯说：“围栏一撤，一切都变了。原本平静的队伍瞬间变成冲刺大赛。人们朝各个方向狂奔，互相穿插争先。有人甚至人还没跑到，就把毛巾扔到躺椅上占位置。” 休斯经常听亲友说起度假酒店著名的 “抢躺椅大战”，但从来没有亲眼见过。他拿出手机录像，觉得这件事十分滑稽。 场面更耐人寻味的一点是：酒店有告示牌，禁止客人占躺椅，而且酒店的躺椅数量其实很充足。大家争抢，并不是因为躺椅不够，而是要抢占视野最好的位置。 休斯认为酒店可以终结这场抢位大战：办理入住时直接给每位客人分配躺椅，或者上线 APP 预约。他说：“更好的分配制度，就能消除这种紧张争抢。” 他一家人没有参与争抢。吃完早餐，他们去酒店另一处一个开放时间更晚、更大的泳池。他说：“当所有人排队冲刺抢躺椅时，我们从容开启没有压力的一天，也得到了我们想要的休闲体验。” 休斯后来把视频发到网上，一些观众看得和他一样津津有味。有人留言：“这是我们假期最精彩的一幕。我们坐在窗边吃早餐，专门看这场好戏。” 【Passage A 解析】 第1题【答案B】 细节理解题。原文第二段明确提到"Scientists at the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) tested three common bacteria that can make people sick through food"，直接对应B选项。A选项工厂制作海绵文中未提及；C选项洗碗机清洗未提及；D选项家庭年均使用量未提及。 第2题【答案B】 推理判断题。原文第五段"The germs were also hard to notice. Even when the sponges were full of bacteria, they didn't smell bad or look dirty or greasy."说明充满细菌的海绵闻起来不臭看起来也不脏，因此难以判断其危险性。A选项价格未提及；C选项与原文相反；D选项干燥后细菌仍存活，与选项矛盾。 第3题【答案B】 词义猜测题。原文第四段"Quite a few cases of foodborne infection originate in private households"结合上下文语境，"originate"意为"起源于、来源于"，即许多食物中毒案例起源于私人家庭。A选项"结束"与语境相反；C选项"传播"虽相关但不是该词本义；D选项"改善"与语境不符。 第4题【答案B】 推理判断题。原文第七段BfR指出"Many consumers decide when to replace their kitchen sponges based on how they look or smell. However, this is an unreliable indicator"，第八段建议"think about how you've used it"，即应根据使用方式而非外观来判断何时更换。A选项买更贵的未提及；C选项只切菜过于片面；D选项每月洗一次未提及。 第5题【答案B】 主旨大意题。全文围绕厨房海绵隐藏细菌这一核心问题展开，从细菌繁殖、难以察觉、到更换建议，B选项"The Hidden Germ Problem in Your Kitchen Sponge"准确概括全文主题。A选项清洁方法只是部分内容；C选项停止使用过于绝对；D选项杀灭细菌方法只是建议部分。 【Passage B 解析】 第6题【答案B】 细节理解题。原文第一段"made Zheng the first Chinese player to win the women's singles title in Beijing"直接说明郑钦文是首位在北京夺得女单冠军的中国选手。A选项第二个WTA1000冠军与原文"her first WTA 1000 trophy"矛盾；C选项资格赛未提及；D选项立即回到世界第一与原文"lift her...back into the world's top 30"不符。 第7题【答案B】 词义猜测题。原文第五段"received a wild card, a special invitation to enter the main draw"中同位语"a special invitation to enter the main draw"直接解释了wild card的含义，即"特别邀请进入正赛"。A选项随机号码牌无关；C选项便宜门票未提及；D选项医疗证明无关。 第8题【答案C】 细节理解题。原文第二段"elbow surgery in 2025 interrupted her rise. She returned to competition too quickly and had to stop playing again"明确说明2025年郑钦文做了肘部手术并不得不停止比赛。A选项第一个WTA1000冠军是中网而非2025年；B选项美网八强是复出后的事；D选项成为世界第一文中未提及。 第9题【答案C】 推理判断题。原文第四段"As the tournament continued, however, she became more confident. She won her final three matches in straight sets."说明随着比赛推进，郑钦文越来越自信，最后三场直落取胜。A选项后期输更多与原文矛盾；B选项决赛表现更差与原文描述她赢下决赛矛盾；D选项拒绝参加决赛与事实不符。 第10题【答案A】 主旨大意题。全文讲述了郑钦文从排名160位的低谷，通过伤病、资格赛重新打起，最终赢得中网冠军的完整 comeback 故事。B选项中网历史过于宽泛；C选项运动伤恢复只是部分内容；D选项WTA1000与其他赛事区别未涉及。 【Passage C 解析】 第11题【答案B】 细节理解题。原文第二段"It is called a rage workout...The idea is that you get angry on purpose, and use that anger to power your exercise."直接定义了rage workout的含义。A选项让人悲伤的锻炼与原文无关；C选项只打拖拉机轮胎过于片面；D选项瑜伽与原文无关。 第12题【答案B】 词义猜测题。结合全文语境，"rage workout"中rage与"get angry""anger""smashing"等词呼应，rage意为"暴怒、狂怒"。A选项快乐与愤怒主题相反；C选项锻炼是workout的含义而非rage；D选项恐惧与愤怒不同。 第13题【答案B】 推理判断题。原文第七段"He found that letting anger out with your body, such as by hitting things, did not make it go away. It made people angrier."明确指出打东西不能让愤怒消失，反而让人更生气。A选项快速冷静与原文相反；C选项最佳方法文中明确否定；D选项只对年轻人有效未提及。 第14题【答案C】 细节理解题。原文第八段"So what worked better? Doing nothing at all. The calmest people in his study had not hit anything. They had simply sat quietly for two minutes."直接说明静坐两分钟比打东西更有效。A选项跑步未提及；B选项大喊与rage workout类似被否定；D选项吃甜食未提及。 第15题【答案B】 主旨大意题。全文从rage workout的现象引入，通过Bushman的研究说明砸东西并不能释放愤怒反而加剧愤怒，最后提出静坐才是更好的方法。B选项准确概括了文章核心观点。A选项找健身房太片面；C选项rage rooms历史不是重点；D选项赢得打架与文章主题完全无关。 【Passage D 解析】 第16题【参考答案】At 7:45 (one July morning). 细节理解题。原文第一段"At 7:45 one July morning, Nick Hughes was eating breakfast at his hotel on Tenerife...when he noticed something odd."直接给出时间信息。 第17题【参考答案】They were waiting for sunbeds. 细节理解题。原文第二段"They were not waiting for food or a bus. They were waiting for sunbeds."直接说明客人们在等sunbeds。 第18题【参考答案】Everything changed. A calm queue suddenly became a sprint. / People rushed in all directions. 细节理解题。原文第五段"The moment the barrier came down, everything changed...What had been a calm queue suddenly became a sprint. People rushed in all directions..."描述了 barrier 移开后场景的剧烈变化。 第19题【参考答案】Because there were plenty of sunbeds around the hotel. They were competing for the best spots. 推理判断题。原文第七段"There were also plenty of sunbeds around the hotel. People were not fighting because there were too few. They were competing for the best spots."直接说明sunbeds并不少，人们是为了争夺最好的位置。 第20题【参考答案】They finished their breakfast and went to a bigger pool in another part of the hotel. 细节理解题。原文第九段"His own family did not join in. They finished their breakfast and then went to a bigger pool in another part of the hotel, which opened later."直接描述了Hughes一家的做法。 第 1 页 共 16 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $