Unit 8 Protecting the environment（重难词汇精练）英语新教材冀教版八年级上册

Unit 8 Protecting the environment 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 污染 adj. 可回收利用的 n. 环境 v. 再利用；循环使用 v. 保护 n. 垃圾；废弃物 adj. 有害的 v. 减少；降低 n. 污染物 n. 能源；能量 adj. 绿色的；环保的 n. 塑料 n. 土壤 adj. 危险的 短语 保护环境 对…… 有害 采取行动 垃圾分类 用完；耗尽 回收利用 大量的 减少污染 关掉（电器） 例如 代替；而不是 注意；关注 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） protect → ________ (n.) 保护 2. pollute → ________ (n.) 污染 3. harm → ________ (adj.) 有害的 4. use → ________ (adj.) 可再利用的 5. recycle → ________ (adj.) 可回收的 6. danger → ________ (adj.) 危险的 7. reduce → ________(过去式 / 过去分词) 减少 8. environment → ________(adj.) 环境的 9. plastic → ________(复数) 塑料；塑料制品 10. energy → ________(adj.) 精力充沛的 11. waste → ________(过去式 / 过去分词) 浪费 12. action → ________(v.) 行动 一、单词拼写（首字母提示） 1. We should try our best to stop p________ to make our world clean. 2. Everyone needs to do something to protect our e________. 3. Some chemicals are h________ to our health. 4. We can r________ old paper and bottles to save resources. 5. Don’t throw w________ everywhere in public places. 6. We must r________ the use of plastic bags in daily life. 7. Solar is a kind of clean e________ for people to use. 8. Too much p________ products will cause serious problems. 9. It’s d________ for children to play by the polluted river. 10. We need to take a________ to live a low‑carbon life. 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. We must ________ (保护环境) in our daily life. 2. Rubbish from factories will ________ (对…… 有害) our health. 3. People should ________ (采取行动) to cut down waste. 4. Don’t ________ (用完) all the clean water. 5. Please remember to ________ (关掉) the lights when you leave. 6. We can use cloth bags ________ (代替) plastic ones. 7. We should ________ (注意) small things around us. 8. Many students learn ________ (垃圾分类) at school. 9. We should do what we can to ________ (减少污染). 10. Many things, ________ (例如) bottles and paper, can be recycled. 三、单项选择 1. Many people care ______ environmental problems now. A. for B. about C. of D. with 2. Too much plastic is harmful ______ our earth. A. for B. with C. to D. at 3. We should take action ______ our living environment better. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 4. Remember ______ off the tap when you finish washing hands. A. turn B. to turn C. turning D. turned 5. We can reuse bottles ______ buying new ones. A. instead of B. because of C. lots of D. plenty of 6. It’s a good way ______ waste paper and old bottles. A. recycle B. recycling C. to recycle D. recycled 7. Some natural resources will ______ if we don’t save them. A. run out of B. run out C. go out D. get out 8. We should pay attention to ______ less waste in our life. A. produce B. producing C. produces D. produced 9. —What can we do ______ pollution? —We can choose public transport. A. reduce B. reducing C. to reduce D. reduced 10. The ______ waste we produce, the ______ our world will become. A. little; good B. less; better C. few; well D. fewer; better 四、完成句子 1. 保护环境对每个人来说都很重要。 ________ ________ ________ is very important for everyone. 2. 我们应该采取行动减少塑料的使用。 We should ________ ________ to ________ the use of plastic. 3. 离开房间时记得关掉电灯。 Remember to ________ ________ the lights when you ________ the room. 4. 我们可以循环利用旧物品而不是扔掉它们。 We can ________ old things ________ ________ throwing them away. 5. 我们应当关注垃圾分类来保护土壤。 We should ________ ________ ________ waste‑sorting to protect the soil. 五、选词填空 protect, harmful, reduce, recycle, turn off, run out of 1. We must ________ pollution to live a greener life. 2. People ________ waste paper and bottles to save resources. 3. Some waste gas is ________ to human bodies. 4. Please ________ your computer if you don’t use it. 5. If we don’t save water, we will ________ clean water one day. 6. Everyone should try their best to ________ our environment. 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。 pollution, environment, protect, harmful, reduce, recycle, waste, energy, dangerous, action, plastic, instead of Now more and more people realize the importance of 1.________ our 2._________. Much 3.________ comes from daily life. Some rubbish is 4.________ to our health, especially 5.________ products. So we need to take 6._________. We can 7.________ the waste we produce. We can 8.________ paper and bottles 9.________ throwing them away. Using clean 10.________ is also a good way. 二、首字母填空 We need to take a________1 to stop p________2. Some waste is h________3 to our e________4. We should r________5 the use of p________6 bags. We can r________7 paper and bottles. Don’t w________8 natural resources, or they will run o________9. It’s also d________10 for us to live in a heavily‑polluted world. 三、完形填空 Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. Many students 1______ different schools want to do something for our earth. Li Hua is worried about environmental problems. Last week, he learned lots of ways to 2______ the environment. Some waste is 3______ to our health. So we must 4______ the amount of waste. Before he leaves his room, he always 5______ the lights. Some old things can be 6______, we shouldn’t throw them away. A teacher told him, “We should pay 7______ to small daily habits. Natural resources may 8______ one day if we waste them. Though we are teenagers, our small actions can make a 9______ to our world. Don’t use plastic bags 10______ cloth bags are better.” From then on, Li Hua keeps living a low‑carbon life. 1. A. for B. from C. to D. about 2. A. protect B. provide C. pollute D. develop 3. A. useful B. good C. harmful D. valuable 4. A. increase B. reduce C. produce D. create 5. A. turns off B. turns on C. takes off D. puts off 6. A. recycle B. recycled C. recycling D. to recycle 7. A. money B. time C. attention D. energy 8. A. run out B. give out C. hand out D. work out 9. A. promise B. difference C. preparation D. conversation 10. A. and B. but C. so D. because 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Protecting the environment 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 【答案】 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 pollution n. 污染 recyclable adj. 可回收利用的 environment n. 环境 reuse v. 再利用；循环使用 protect v. 保护 waste n. 垃圾；废弃物 harmful adj. 有害的 reduce v. 减少；降低 pollutant n. 污染物 energy n. 能源；能量 green adj. 绿色的；环保的 plastic n. 塑料 soil n. 土壤 dangerous adj. 危险的 短语 protect the environment 保护环境 be harmful to 对…… 有害 take action 采取行动 waste‑sorting 垃圾分类 run out of 用完；耗尽 recycle 回收利用 plenty of 大量的 reduce pollution 减少污染 turn off 关掉（电器） such as 例如 instead of 代替；而不是 pay attention to 注意；关注 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. protection 2. pollution 3. harmful 4. reusable 5. recyclable 6. dangerous 2. reduced 8. environmental 9. plastics 10. energetic 11. wasted 12. act 一、单词拼写（首字母提示） 1. pollution 2. environment 3. harmful 4. recycle 5. waste 2. reduce 7. energy 8. plastic 9. dangerous 10. action 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. protect the environment 2. be harmful to 3. take action 4. run out of 5. turn off 2. instead of 7. pay attention to 8. waste‑sorting 9. reduce pollution 10. such as 三、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.B 四、完成句子 1. Protecting the environment 2. take action; reduce 3. turn off; leave 4. recycle; instead of 5. pay attention to 五、选词填空 1. reduce 2. recycle 3. harmful 4. turn off 5. run out of 6. protect 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。 1. protecting 2. environment 3. pollution 4. harmful 5. plastic 2. action 7. reduce 8. recycle 9. instead of 10. energy 二、首字母填空 1. action 2. pollution 3. harmful 4. environment 5. reduce 2. plastic 7. recycle 8. waste 9. out 10. dangerous 三、完形填空 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Protecting the environment 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 污染 adj. 可回收利用的 n. 环境 v. 再利用；循环使用 v. 保护 n. 垃圾；废弃物 adj. 有害的 v. 减少；降低 n. 污染物 n. 能源；能量 adj. 绿色的；环保的 n. 塑料 n. 土壤 adj. 危险的 短语 保护环境 对…… 有害 采取行动 垃圾分类 用完；耗尽 回收利用 大量的 减少污染 关掉（电器） 例如 代替；而不是 注意；关注 【答案】 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 pollution n. 污染 recyclable adj. 可回收利用的 environment n. 环境 reuse v. 再利用；循环使用 protect v. 保护 waste n. 垃圾；废弃物 harmful adj. 有害的 reduce v. 减少；降低 pollutant n. 污染物 energy n. 能源；能量 green adj. 绿色的；环保的 plastic n. 塑料 soil n. 土壤 dangerous adj. 危险的 短语 protect the environment 保护环境 be harmful to 对…… 有害 take action 采取行动 waste‑sorting 垃圾分类 run out of 用完；耗尽 recycle 回收利用 plenty of 大量的 reduce pollution 减少污染 turn off 关掉（电器） such as 例如 instead of 代替；而不是 pay attention to 注意；关注 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） protect → ________ (n.) 保护 2. pollute → ________ (n.) 污染 3. harm → ________ (adj.) 有害的 4. use → ________ (adj.) 可再利用的 5. recycle → ________ (adj.) 可回收的 6. danger → ________ (adj.) 危险的 7. reduce → ________(过去式 / 过去分词) 减少 8. environment → ________(adj.) 环境的 9. plastic → ________(复数) 塑料；塑料制品 10. energy → ________(adj.) 精力充沛的 11. waste → ________(过去式 / 过去分词) 浪费 12. action → ________(v.) 行动 【答案】 1. protection 2. pollution 3. harmful 4. reusable 5. recyclable 6. dangerous 2. reduced 8. environmental 9. plastics 10. energetic 11. wasted 12. act 一、单词拼写（首字母提示） 1. We should try our best to stop p________ to make our world clean. 2. Everyone needs to do something to protect our e________. 3. Some chemicals are h________ to our health. 4. We can r________ old paper and bottles to save resources. 5. Don’t throw w________ everywhere in public places. 6. We must r________ the use of plastic bags in daily life. 7. Solar is a kind of clean e________ for people to use. 8. Too much p________ products will cause serious problems. 9. It’s d________ for children to play by the polluted river. 10. We need to take a________ to live a low‑carbon life. 【答案】 1. pollution 2. environment 3. harmful 4. recycle 5. waste 2. reduce 7. energy 8. plastic 9. dangerous 10. action 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. We must ________ (保护环境) in our daily life. 2. Rubbish from factories will ________ (对…… 有害) our health. 3. People should ________ (采取行动) to cut down waste. 4. Don’t ________ (用完) all the clean water. 5. Please remember to ________ (关掉) the lights when you leave. 6. We can use cloth bags ________ (代替) plastic ones. 7. We should ________ (注意) small things around us. 8. Many students learn ________ (垃圾分类) at school. 9. We should do what we can to ________ (减少污染). 10. Many things, ________ (例如) bottles and paper, can be recycled. 【答案】 1. protect the environment 2. be harmful to 3. take action 4. run out of 5. turn off 2. instead of 7. pay attention to 8. waste‑sorting 9. reduce pollution 10. such as 三、单项选择 1. Many people care ______ environmental problems now. A. for B. about C. of D. with 【答案】B 【解析】固定短语 care about 意为 “关心”；care for 意为 “照顾；喜欢”。句意：现在很多人关心环境问题。 2. Too much plastic is harmful ______ our earth. A. for B. with C. to D. at 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配 be harmful to，意为 “对…… 有害”。句意：过多的塑料对我们的地球有害。 3. We should take action ______ our living environment better. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 【答案】C 【解析】固定结构 take action to do sth.“采取行动做某事”，不定式 to do 表目的。句意：我们应该采取行动，让我们的生活环境变得更好。 4. Remember ______ off the tap when you finish washing hands. A. turn B. to turn C. turning D. turned 【答案】B 【解析】remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事（事情还未做）；remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（事情已经做完）。本句是提醒离开时要关掉水龙头，动作还没发生，用 to turn。句意：洗完手请记得关掉水龙头。 5. We can reuse bottles ______ buying new ones. A. instead of B. because of C. lots of D. plenty of 【答案】A 【解析】instead of“代替；而不是”，后接名词 / 动名词；because of “因为”；lots of/plenty of “大量的”。句意：我们可以重复利用瓶子，而不是去买新的。 6. It’s a good way ______ waste paper and old bottles. A. recycle B. recycling C. to recycle D. recycled 【答案】C 【解析】固定句型 It is a good way to do sth. “做某事的好方法”，不定式作后置定语。句意：回收废纸和旧瓶子是一个好办法。 7. Some natural resources will ______ if we don’t save them. A. run out of B. run out C. go out D. get out 【答案】B 【解析】run out 主语为物，意为 “（某物）耗尽、用完”；run out of 主语是人，意为 “用完某物”；go out“出去；熄灭”；get out “出去”。本句主语 natural resources 是事物，用 run out。句意：如果我们不节约，一些自然资源将会耗尽。 8. We should pay attention to ______ less waste in our life. A. produce B. producing C. produces D. produced 【答案】B 【解析】pay attention to 中 to 是介词，后面要接名词、代词或者动名词，所以动词 produce 变为 producing。句意：在生活中我们应该注意少制造垃圾。 9. —What can we do ______ pollution? —We can choose public transport. A. reduce B. reducing C. to reduce D. reduced 【答案】C 【解析】此处用动词不定式 to reduce 作目的状语，表示 “做某事是为了……”。句意：—— 我们可以做些什么来减少污染？—— 我们可以选择公共交通。 10. The ______ waste we produce, the ______ our world will become. A. little; good B. less; better C. few; well D. fewer; better 【答案】B 【解析】固定句型 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级”，意为 “越……，越……”；waste 为不可数名词，要用 little 的比较级 less；good 的比较级为 better。句意：我们制造的垃圾越少，我们的世界就会变得越好。 四、完成句子 1. 保护环境对每个人来说都很重要。 ________ ________ ________ is very important for everyone. 2. 我们应该采取行动减少塑料的使用。 We should ________ ________ to ________ the use of plastic. 3. 离开房间时记得关掉电灯。 Remember to ________ ________ the lights when you ________ the room. 4. 我们可以循环利用旧物品而不是扔掉它们。 We can ________ old things ________ ________ throwing them away. 5. 我们应当关注垃圾分类来保护土壤。 We should ________ ________ ________ waste‑sorting to protect the soil. 【答案】 1. Protecting the environment 2. take action; reduce 3. turn off; leave 4. recycle; instead of 5. pay attention to 五、选词填空 protect, harmful, reduce, recycle, turn off, run out of 1. We must ________ pollution to live a greener life. 2. People ________ waste paper and bottles to save resources. 3. Some waste gas is ________ to human bodies. 4. Please ________ your computer if you don’t use it. 5. If we don’t save water, we will ________ clean water one day. 6. Everyone should try their best to ________ our environment. 【答案】1. reduce 2. recycle 3. harmful 4. turn off 5. run out of 6. protect 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。 pollution, environment, protect, harmful, reduce, recycle, waste, energy, dangerous, action, plastic, instead of Now more and more people realize the importance of 1.________ our 2._________. Much 3.________ comes from daily life. Some rubbish is 4.________ to our health, especially 5.________ products. So we need to take 6._________. We can 7.________ the waste we produce. We can 8.________ paper and bottles 9.________ throwing them away. Using clean 10.________ is also a good way. 【参考答案】 1. protecting 2. environment 3. pollution 4. harmful 5. plastic 2. action 7. reduce 8. recycle 9. instead of 10. energy 多余词汇：waste, dangerous 【详解】 1. protecting：the importance of doing sth. “做某事的重要性”，of 是介词，后面接动名词，protect 变为 protecting。句意：现在越来越多的人意识到保护我们环境的重要性。 2. environment：our environment “我们的环境”，名词作宾语。 3. pollution：much 修饰不可数名词 pollution，表示 “大量污染”。句意：很多污染来自日常生活。 4. harmful：固定搭配 be harmful to“对…… 有害”。句意：一些垃圾对我们的健康有害。 5. plastic：plastic products “塑料制品”，plastic 此处作形容词修饰 products。 6. action：take action “采取行动”，固定短语。 7. reduce：情态动词 can 后面接动词原形 reduce “减少”。句意：我们可以减少我们制造的垃圾。 8. recycle：情态动词 can 后接动词原形 recycle “回收利用”。 9. instead of：instead of doing sth.“而不是做某事”，后接动名词。句意：我们可以回收纸张和瓶子，而不是把它们扔掉。 10. energy：clean energy “清洁能源”，energy 为不可数名词。 二、首字母填空 We need to take a________1 to stop p________2. Some waste is h________3 to our e________4. We should r________5 the use of p________6 bags. We can r________7 paper and bottles. Don’t w________8 natural resources, or they will run o________9. It’s also d________10 for us to live in a heavily‑polluted world. 【答案】 1. action 2. pollution 3. harmful 4. environment 5. reduce 2. plastic 7. recycle 8. waste 9. out 10. dangerous 三、完形填空 Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. Many students 1______ different schools want to do something for our earth. Li Hua is worried about environmental problems. Last week, he learned lots of ways to 2______ the environment. Some waste is 3______ to our health. So we must 4______ the amount of waste. Before he leaves his room, he always 5______ the lights. Some old things can be 6______, we shouldn’t throw them away. A teacher told him, “We should pay 7______ to small daily habits. Natural resources may 8______ one day if we waste them. Though we are teenagers, our small actions can make a 9______ to our world. Don’t use plastic bags 10______ cloth bags are better.” From then on, Li Hua keeps living a low‑carbon life. 1. A. for B. from C. to D. about 2. A. protect B. provide C. pollute D. develop 3. A. useful B. good C. harmful D. valuable 4. A. increase B. reduce C. produce D. create 5. A. turns off B. turns on C. takes off D. puts off 6. A. recycle B. recycled C. recycling D. to recycle 7. A. money B. time C. attention D. energy 8. A. run out B. give out C. hand out D. work out 9. A. promise B. difference C. preparation D. conversation 10. A. and B. but C. so D. because 【参考答案】1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.D 【解析】 1. 答案 B 解析：from different schools 意为 “来自不同的学校”，介词 from 表示来源。句意：很多来自不同学校的学生想要为我们的地球做些事情。 2. 答案 A 解析：protect the environment “保护环境”；provide 提供；pollute 污染；develop 发展。结合文章主题保护环境，选 protect。句意：上周，他学到很多保护环境的方法。 3. 答案 C 解析：be harmful to“对…… 有害”；useful 有用的；good 好的；valuable 宝贵的。句意：一些垃圾对我们的健康有害。 4. 答案 B 解析：reduce “减少”；increase 增加；produce 生产；create 创造。句意：所以我们必须减少垃圾的数量。 5. 答案 A 解析：turn off “关掉”；turn on “打开”；take off“脱掉；起飞”；put off “推迟”。主语 he 是第三人称单数，一般现在时动词加‑s。句意：在离开房间之前，他总是关掉灯。 6. 答案 B 解析：情态动词的被动语态结构：can be + 过去分词；recycle 的过去分词是 recycled，表示 “可以被回收利用”。句意：一些旧物品可以被回收，我们不应该把它们扔掉。 7. 答案 C 解析：pay attention to “注意” 固定短语。money 金钱；time 时间；energy 能量。句意：我们应该关注日常的小习惯。 8. 答案 A 解析：run out“（资源）耗尽”；give out 分发；hand out 散发；work out 算出，解决。句意：如果我们浪费自然资源，它们有一天可能会耗尽。 9. 答案 B 解析：make a difference“起作用，产生影响” 固定搭配；promise 承诺；preparation 准备；conversation 交谈。句意：虽然我们是青少年，但是我们小小的行动可以对世界产生影响。 10. 答案 D 解析：because 引导原因状语从句，解释为什么不要用塑料袋。and 并列；but 转折；so 因此。句意：不要使用塑料袋，因为布袋更好。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $