读后续写素材2-惊讶茫然不知所措-2027年高考英语写作指导

新高考读后续写 · 素材积累篇 素材 2 惊讶 · 茫然不知所措 让「目瞪口呆」停在读者脸上 惊讶是续写里最好写的情绪—— 眼睛、嘴巴、下巴、身体，全都会替你「演」出来。 素材速览 惊讶怎么写？四个部位就够了 眼、嘴、下巴、身体——逐级升级，画面感立刻出来 眼 widen one's eyes / stare wide-eyed / eyes grew wide 瞪大眼睛 嘴 open-mouthed / mouths dropping open / gape at 张口结舌 下巴 sb's jaw dropped / fell / dropped to the ground 下巴掉下来 身体 freeze / stand still / stop dead / be rooted to the spot 呆住不动 写作公式：一个动作 + 一个神态 + 一句心理 = 完整的「惊讶」。 2 必备好词 · 名词 / 动词 先记住惊讶的「名字」和「动作」 名词 amazement 惊讶 astonishment 吃惊 surprise 惊奇 shock 震惊 动词 amaze 使惊奇 surprise 使吃惊 shock 使震惊 stun 使目瞪口呆 升格口诀：surprised → astonished → stunned → dumbfounded （吃惊 → 大吃一惊 → 目瞪口呆 → 呆若木鸡，四档浓度） 练习：把 I was surprised. 升格成三档——先 astonished，再 stunned，最后用短语。 3 必备好词 · 形容词 / 副词 会「定格」的惊讶 astonished 吃惊的 amazed 惊奇的 shocked 震惊的 stunned 目瞪口呆的 astounded 大吃一惊的 dumbfounded 呆若木鸡的 open-mouthed 瞠目结舌的 wide-eyed 睁大眼睛的 用法点拨：open-mouthed 和 wide-eyed 是「画面词」——直接挂在人身上： He stared at me, open-mouthed. / We all stared wide-eyed at him. 4 满分短语 · 上 10 个短语，让惊讶「定格」 ① gasp in astonishment 惊得倒吸一口气 ② blink in surprise 吃惊地眨眼 ③ sb's jaw dropped / fell 目瞪口呆（下巴掉了） ④ give a cry of surprise 吃惊地喊出声来 ⑤ take sb back 使某人大吃一惊 ① gasp 是「声音+呼吸」的惊讶——比 be surprised 有画面得多。 5 满分短语 · 下 10 个短语，让惊讶「定格」 ⑥ raise the eyebrows 扬起眉毛 ⑦ gape at ... 张口结舌地看 ⑧ be shocked beyond words 惊讶得说不出话 ⑨ freeze / stop dead / be rooted to the spot 惊呆了；呆若木鸡 ⑩ to one's amazement / surprise 令某人吃惊的是（放句首） 进阶：come as a bolt from the blue（晴天霹雳）——写「突发的坏消息」最加分。 6 必背好句 · 动作/语言描写 惊讶会「喊出声」，也会「冻在原地」 Everyone gasped in astonishment as the cars came around the last bend. 汽车转过最后一个弯道时，人人都惊得倒吸了一口气。 ★ gasp in astonishment Hearing the unexpected news, Mary froze with shock, as if rooted to the spot. 听到这个意外的消息，玛丽呆住了，动弹不得。 ★ freeze + as if rooted to the spot The little boy was speechless with shock. He gaped at me. 小男孩惊得说不出话，目瞪口呆地看着我。 ★ speechless with shock + gape 7 必背好句 · 神态描写 眼睛会「瞪圆」，嘴会「合不上」 A spark of surprise flashed across his face. He froze there, staring at me with wide eyes. 他脸上闪过一丝惊奇，瞪大眼睛呆呆地看着我。 The moment I opened the box, my eyes widened in great astonishment. 我一打开盒子，就惊奇地睁大了眼睛。 My jaw dropped in astonishment when I saw the size of the audience. 看到观众如此之多，我惊讶得张口结舌。 8 必背好句 · 夸张 + 无灵主语 把惊讶「放大」，让消息「自己砸过来」 My jaw dropped to the ground. 看到数学卷子成绩的那一刻，我惊得下巴掉在了地上。（夸张） When Josh heard what Franklin wanted, his mouth opened wide enough to swallow a dentist. 听到富兰克林想要的东西时，他的嘴张得大得足以吞下牙医。（夸张） Two months later, we overheard that the old Tom had died. It came as a bolt from the blue. 两个月后，我们偶然听到老汤姆去世的消息，犹如晴天霹雳。（夸张） His casual attitude completely took me back. 他那随意的态度让我大吃一惊。（无灵主语：态度让我吃惊） 夸张是惊讶的「特权」——只有惊讶可以这样写；无灵主语 = His attitude took me back. 9 必背好句 · 茫然不知所措 惊讶的「下半场」：脑子一片空白 I stood there, at a loss. 我站在那里，不知所措。 He stood there in shock, unsure what to do next. 他震惊地站在那里，不知道下一步该怎么办。 My mind went blank. 我的大脑一片空白。 I stood there, not knowing what to do / in a dilemma. 我站在那里，不知道该做什么 / 左右为难。 组合拳：freeze + at a loss + My mind went blank.——三句连用，茫然感立现。 10 练能生巧 · 单句翻译 一题多译：同一个意思，五种写法 题目：Liz 得知这顿饭花了多少钱时，大为惊讶。 基础版：When Liz learned how much the meal had cost, she was very surprised. ① 张口结舌 When Liz learned how much the meal had cost, her jaw dropped in astonishment. jaw dropped ② 睁大眼睛 ...her eyes grew wide in great surprise. eyes grew wide ③ 呆住不动 ...she froze with shock, as if rooted to the spot. freeze + rooted ④ 惊得说不出 ...she was too shocked to say a word. too...to ⑤ 句首短语 Much to her astonishment, the meal had cost a fortune. Much to her astonishment ★ 考场作文优先用①④⑤——画面感与句式分兼得。 11 练能生巧 · 当堂写作 续写微作文：窗外的「公园」 用上本节课的惊讶素材，80 词左右 【写作情境】 John 一直告诉他，窗外有一个很棒的公园。Mike 挣扎着走到窗边—— 令人吃惊的是，窗外只有一堵白墙。 开头句（必须用）： Mike struggled to walk to the window. Surprisingly, it faced a blank wall. 【写作要求】 ① 用动作、神态和语言描写表现人物的惊讶； ② 至少用 2 个满分短语（如 sb's jaw dropped）； ③ 至少 1 句夸张或无灵主语句； ④ 词数 80 左右。 12 练能生巧 · 写作脚手架 卡住了？按这三步搭 先搭骨架，再填血肉 第一步 · 定格瞬间 看见白墙→ freeze / stop dead。先让身体「定格」，惊讶才有重量。 第二步 · 拆神态 眼睛瞪圆→ his eyes widened；嘴合不上→ his mouth hung open；下巴→ his jaw dropped。 第三步 · 语气+茫然 说不出话→ too shocked to speak / in a surprised voice；收尾→ Standing there, at a loss, he wondered... 备用词库：gasp in astonishment · stare wide-eyed · be numb with shock · speechless with shock 13 参考答案 · 范文一 风格一：定格夸张流 freeze → jaw dropped → 吞下牙医——用「定格」放大惊讶 Mike struggled to walk to the window. Surprisingly, it faced a blank wall. He froze there, staring with wide eyes, his jaw dropping to the ground. “Where is the amazing park?” he murmured, too shocked to say more. A spark of disbelief flashed across his face, and his mouth hung open wide enough to swallow a dentist. For a long while he simply stood rooted to the spot, wondering what to do next. ★ froze + stared with wide eyes 定格 + 瞪眼（神态） ★ his jaw dropping to the ground 夸张（独立主格） ★ wide enough to swallow a dentist 夸张（书内原句改造） ★ stood rooted to the spot 短语⑨ 收尾 词数：约 82 14 参考答案 · 范文二 风格二：心理茫然流 mind went blank → at a loss——用「心理」写惊讶的下半场 Mike struggled to walk to the window. Surprisingly, it faced a blank wall. His eyes widened in great astonishment, and for a moment his mind went blank. “But John said there was an amazing park outside!” he cried in a shocked voice. Much to his surprise, there was nothing but cold grey bricks. Standing there, at a loss, he began to wonder what John really meant, and why he had been told such a story. ★ his mind went blank 茫然金句 ★ cried in a shocked voice 语言描写 + 情感词 ★ Much to his surprise 短语⑩ 句首 ★ Standing there, at a loss 茫然 + 疑问收尾 词数：约 82 15 练能生巧 · 自查清单 写完对照打钩 对照两篇范文，看你的惊讶是否「定格」住了 ✓ 用了 2 个本节短语 jaw dropped / gasp / rooted to the spot... ✓ 有神态三件套 眼（widen）+ 嘴（gape）+ 下巴（drop）至少其一 ✓ 有定格动作 freeze / stop dead / be rooted to the spot ✓ 有夸张或无灵主语 jaw dropped to the ground / His attitude took me back ✓ 有茫然收尾 at a loss / My mind went blank / unsure what to do ✓ 词数达标 80 词左右，不跑题 下节预告：素材 3「难过 · 伤心 · 沮丧」——with a heavy heart / tears streaming down / heart sank... 16 结课 · 一句话带走 惊讶不用形容词 眼睛嘴巴下巴会替你说 把「定格 + 神态三件套 + 茫然收尾」装进脑子， 下一次写 surprise，让读者也跟着目瞪口呆。 $