专题10 应用文高分素材（知识清单）（全国通用）2027年春季高考英语

应用文高分素材清单（全国通用）2027年春季高考英语 说明 1.命题考向：依据近年高考英语真题分析； 2.内容架构：每模块分【命题考向】+【核心基础知识】+【必背二级结论】+【高频易错警示】四板块，适配一轮背诵、考前速记； 3.适用范围：依据《普通高中英语课程标准》写作要求，覆盖全国卷及各自主命题地区。 一、应用文50个常用高分句式 【命题考向】★必考（书面表达主干） 应用文写作要求格式规范、句式多样、语言得体。本模块按句式结构分为十类，涵盖 It 作形式主语、There be 句型、As 引导定语从句、状语从句、表语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、特殊句式与常见结构，是应用文提分的句式库。 （一）核心基础知识 1. It 作形式主语的句子 ①It goes without saying that...（不用说……）；②It is believed/thought that...（人们认为……）；③It is universally acknowledged that...（人们普遍认为／众所周知……）；④It's high/about time that sb did/should do...（到了某人该……的时间了，should 通常不省略）；⑤It depends on whether...（这取决于……是否……）；⑥It doesn't make sense (to sb) to do sth.（对某人而言做某事没有意义）。 ⑦It occurs to/hits/strikes me that...（我突然想到……）；⑧It is essential that...（有必要……）；⑨It is good manners to do sth.（做某事是有礼貌的）；⑩It offers sb a chance to do sth.（做某事给某人提供了一个机会）；⑪It's really a challenge for me to do sth.（对我来说做某事确实是一个挑战）；⑫It's my great honour to do sth.（做某事是我莫大的荣幸）。 2. There be 句型 ⑬There is no doubt (that)...（毫无疑问……）；⑭There is no denying that...（不可否认……）；⑮There's no point/sense in doing sth.（做某事是无意义的）；⑯There is nothing but/except...（除了……外别无其他）。 3. As 引导的定语从句 ⑰As a popular saying goes...（俗话说得好……）；⑱Just as sb puts it...（正如某人所说……）；⑲As is known to all / As we all know...（众所周知……）；⑳As is mentioned above...（正如上面提到的……）。 4. 状语从句 (21) When it comes to...（当谈到／涉及……时）；(22) hardly/scarcely...when... / no sooner...than...（一……就……）；(23) It wasn't until...that...（直到……才……）；(24) be about to do sth when... / be doing sth when... / had just done sth when...（正要做某事这时……／正在做某事这时……／刚做过某事这时……）；(25) It is/has been + 时间段 + since...（自……以来已有多长时间）。 (26) It will be + 时间段 + before...（要过多长时间才会……）；(27) I would appreciate it if you could...（如果你能……我将感激不尽）；(28) so...that... / such...that...（如此……以至于……）。 5. 表语从句 (29) The reason why...is that...（……的原因是……）；(30) The advantage/drawback of...is that...（……的优点／缺点是……）；(31) The purpose of...is that...（……的目的是……）。 6. 主语从句 (32) What impresses me most is that...（最令我印象深刻的是……）。 7. 宾语从句 (33) The result of the survey suggests that...（调查结果表明……）；(34) I doubt that...（我怀疑……）；(35) We must keep in mind that...（我们必须牢记……）。 8. 同位语从句 (36) Some people hold the opinion that...while others believe...（有些人认为……而另一些人则认为……）；(37) Nothing is more important than the fact that...（没有什么比……的事实更重要）。 9. 特殊句式 (38) the + 比较级, the + 比较级（越……越……）；(39) “肯定祈使句 + and/or + 结果句”“否定祈使句 + or + 结果句”。 10. 常见结构 (40) do what(ever) one can to do sth / do as much as one can to do sth（某人竭尽所能做某事）；(41) find/feel/think/believe + it + adj./n. + to do sth/doing sth/that-clause（认为做某事……）；(42) As far as I am concerned / As for me / Personally speaking...（就我而言／在我看来／就我个人而言……）；(43) have no choice/alternative but to do sth（除了做……外别无选择）。 (44) would rather do...than do...（宁愿做……也不做……）；(45) prefer to do...rather than do...（宁愿做……而不愿做……）；(46) on the one hand...on the other (hand)... / for one thing...for another...（一方面……另一方面……）；(47) frankly speaking / to be frank（坦白说）；(48) compared with/to...（和……相比）；(49) due to/owing to/thanks to...（由于／因为……）；(50) According to my personal experience...（根据我的个人经验……）。 （二）必背二级结论 1. 应用文句式布局的“三段配置” 开头段用 It is universally acknowledged that... 或 I am writing to... 引入写信目的；主体段用 The reason why...is that...、Compared with...、on the one hand...on the other hand... 展开内容；结尾段用 I would appreciate it if you could...、Looking forward to your reply. 收束。 2. 每类句式的使用优先级 ①It 作形式主语与 There be 句型最易上手，适合开头段；②状语从句与定语从句适合主体段的逻辑衔接；③倒装、强调、虚拟适合结尾段的升华。按此优先级可保证句式多样而不堆砌。 3. 高分句式的“礼貌表达”转换 I want you to... → I would appreciate it if you could...；Please tell me... → I would be grateful if you could inform me of...；I think... → From my perspective / As far as I am concerned...，均可提升语气得体度。 4. 图表与调查类必备句式 Recently, a survey on...has been conducted among...；The results are as follows.；The result of the survey suggests that...；...account for X percent of the total.，四句可支撑一篇完整的图表类应用文。 5. 首尾呼应的“金句”意识 开头用 It is...that... 强调写作目的，结尾用 Only in this way can we... 呼应，可形成结构上的首尾呼应，是阅卷的加分印象点。 （三）高频易错警示 1. It's high time that 后接过去式或 should + 动词原形，should 通常不省略。 2. It occurs to me that 中的 to 为介词，不能写成 It occurs me that。 3. There's no point in doing sth 中的 in 不可省略，后接动名词。 4. no sooner...than 与 hardly...when 的搭配固定，不可互换 than 与 when。 5. The reason why...is that... 中不能用 because 代替 that。 6. I would appreciate it if 中的 it 为形式宾语，不可省略。 二、应用文各类开篇18金句 【命题考向】★必考（开篇定档次） 应用文按体裁分为建议信、活动报道、征文投稿、图表类、人物介绍、书面通知、道歉信、邀请信、申请信、求助信、演讲稿、咨询信、感谢信、倡议书、投诉信、祝贺信、告知信、日记周记等十八类。开篇句式须与体裁匹配，直接决定文章的初印象。 （一）核心基础知识 1. 建议信 I'm Li Hua, one of your students. In order to adjust to the mixed accents of British and American English in listening practice, I'm wondering if you could accept the following suggestions I would like to offer on our oral English lessons.——我是李华，您的学生之一。为了帮助大家在听力练习中适应英美英语混合的口音，我想请教您能否采纳我对我们的英语口语课程提出的以下建议。 2. 活动报道 The school's yearly sci-tech festival was successfully held last week, aiming to encourage students' active engagement with science and technology.——该校年度科技节上周圆满举行，旨在鼓励学生积极投身于科学与技术领域。 3. 征文投稿 In order to enrich students' after-school life and strengthen their mind, our school organized a long-distance hiking activity last weekend. All the students as well as our teachers participated in it.——为了丰富学生的课后生活并增强他们的心理素质，我校上周末组织了一次长途徒步活动。全体学生及教师均积极参与了此次活动。 4. 图表类 Recently, a survey on students' after-class physical exercise has been conducted among students in our school. The results are as follows.——近日，我校对学生课后体育锻炼情况开展了一项调查，结果如下。 5. 人物介绍类 The person I would like to interview most is Yang Liwei, who is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.——我最想采访的人是杨利伟，他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人，而且是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。 6. 书面通知 Our school is scheduled to organize an activity, whose theme is “Labor Is the Most Glorious” this weekend.——我们学校计划本周末组织一场主题为“劳动是最光荣的”的活动。 7. 道歉信 I'm terribly sorry to inform you that I am not able to accompany you this weekend as planned. I've just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather in the countryside, who was suddenly admitted to the hospital. I hope the change won't cause you too much trouble.——非常遗憾地通知您，我无法按原计划在本周末陪同您前往。我刚刚接到通知，需要去乡下探望生病的祖父——他突然被送进了医院。希望这一变动不会给您带来太多麻烦。 8. 邀请信 I am writing to invite you to join in an exciting hiking activity themed “Embrace Nature, Strengthen Body and Mind”.——我写信是想邀请您参加一场主题为“拥抱自然，强健身心”的精彩徒步活动。 9. 申请信 I'm Li Hua, a senior 3 student. Knowing that the English Association of our school is now in need of some volunteers to meet the visiting foreign students, I'm writing to apply for the position.——我是李华，一名高三学生。得知我们学校的英语协会现在需要一些志愿者来接待来访的外国学生，我写信申请这个职位。 10. 求助信 I am writing to ask a favor from you. Our school is planning a bookmark designing activity this week. Knowing that you're quite experienced in designing, I wonder if you could give me some help and advice.——我写信是想向您请求一个帮忙。我们学校这周计划开展一个书签设计活动。鉴于您在设计方面经验丰富，不知您能否给予一些帮助和建议。 11. 演讲稿 It's a great honour/privilege for me to stand here and make/deliver/give a speech/an address entitled/with the title of “Grow Up in Labor”.——能站在这里发表题为《在劳动中成长》的演讲，对我来说是一项莫大的荣誉。 12. 咨询信 My name is Li Hua, a Senior Three student. I have been offered the opportunity to participate in the summer camp of “National English Innovation Contest”. So I'm writing to inquire about the details.——我叫李华，是一名高三学生。我有机会参加“全国英语创新大赛”夏令营。因此，我写信询问有关细节。 13. 感谢信 How are you doing? Knowing that you are leaving for your country, I'm writing to extend my sincere gratitude to you for my English learning.——你好吗？得知您即将回国，我写这封信是为了对您教我英语表示衷心的感谢。 14. 倡议书 On behalf of the Students' Union, I'd like to call on all senior three students to adopt a healthy lifestyle.——我谨代表学生会号召所有高三学生养成健康的生活方式。 15. 投诉信 I am Li Hua, a regular customer of your website. I felt sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint.——我是李华，贵公司网站忠实客户。我很抱歉麻烦你，但恐怕我不得不投诉。 16. 祝贺信 I am more than delighted to hear that you have won first prize in the contest, so I'm writing to express/convey my congratulations.——得知你在比赛中获得一等奖我真的非常高兴，因此我写信向你表示祝贺。 17. 告知信 I am writing to inform you of a change about the upcoming cross-country race scheduled for next Friday. The reason for this change is to ensure the safety and smooth running of the race.——我写信是为了通知你下周五即将举行的越野赛的变化。做出这一改变的原因是为了确保比赛的安全和顺利进行。 18. 日记／周记 This morning, I was walking on the street when I caught sight of two travellers who were reading a map, looking puzzled.——今天早上，我走在街上，突然看到两个旅行者正在看地图，一脸困惑。 （二）必背二级结论 1. 开篇的三种通用句式 ①表明身份：I'm Li Hua, a senior 3 student.；②表明写信目的：I'm writing to apply for / inquire about / invite you to...；③交代背景：Knowing that..., I'm writing to...。三者可组合使用，适用于绝大多数应用文体裁。 2. 体裁与开篇的匹配规律 ①书信类：先身份后目的；②报道与通知类：先时间地点事件，后目的；③图表类：先调查背景，后结果；④演讲稿：先致谢与自我介绍，后主题；⑤日记类：先时间场景，后突发情节。 3. 高分开篇的两个技巧 ①用分词短语作状语开头：Knowing that...、Hearing that...，可使句子更紧凑；②用定语从句补充背景：...who is not only...but also...，可在首句即展现语言功底。 4. 避免开篇雷区 ①不宜直接进入正文而缺少身份或目的交代；②不宜使用 I think... 等过于口语化的开头；③不宜堆砌套话而忽略题干规定的具体情境。 5. 高频“身份句”模板 I'm Li Hua, a senior 3 student.（学生身份）；On behalf of the Students' Union...（代表学生会）；I am a regular customer of your website...（顾客身份）；As chairman of the Students' Union...（组织身份）。 （三）高频易错警示 1. I'm writing to 后接动词原形，不能写成 I'm writing for do。 2. Knowing that 作状语时，其逻辑主语须与主句主语一致。 3. 道歉信、投诉信中不宜过度自责或情绪化，须保持礼貌客观。 4. 通知类开篇宜用被动或 be scheduled to，不宜使用第一人称主观表达。 5. 图表类开篇提出调查后，须紧跟 The results are as follows. 或具体数据，避免只提调查而无结果。 6. 演讲稿开篇的 honour 后接 to do，且须包含题目要求的具体演讲主题。 三、应用文各类收尾18金句 【命题考向】★必考（收尾定印象） 收尾句承担“表明期待、呼应开头、升华主题”的功能。得体而有力的收尾能显著提升阅卷印象。本模块按十八类体裁整理收尾金句，与开篇金句配套使用。 （一）核心基础知识 1. 建议信 I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestions.——恳请您考虑我的建议。 2. 活动报道 It served as a platform for young minds not only to showcase their creativity and ingenuity, but also to explore how they might reshape the future by means of science.——这项活动备受好评，因为它不仅为我们提供了锻炼身体的机会，还增强了团队凝聚力。 3. 征文投稿 The activity benefits me greatly. Not only does it relax me but also it stimulates my passion for outdoor exercise and cultivated my perseverance.——这项活动让我受益匪浅。它不仅让我放松身心，还激发了我对户外运动的热情，并培养了我的毅力。 4. 图表类 I hold the view that whatever clubs we choose, we should learn to relax ourselves besides concentrating on our studies. Only in this way can we improve our efficiency and make our school life meaningful.——我认为，无论我们选择哪类社团，除了专注于学业之外，都应该学会放松身心。唯有如此，才能提高学习效率，让校园生活更加充实有意义。 5. 人物介绍类 He set so good an example for us students that we all should learn from him.——他为我们学生树立了如此好的榜样，我们都应该向他学习。 6. 书面通知 Hopefully, you will benefit a lot and be immersed in the world of fascinating poetry. Your participation will surely make a difference.——希望您能从中获益良多，并沉浸于精彩纷呈的诗歌世界之中。您的参与必将产生积极影响。 7. 道歉信 Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. I would appreciate it if you could understand my situation and forgive me. I am looking forward to your reply.——对于造成的任何不便，我再次表示歉意。如果你能理解我的处境并原谅我，我将不胜感激。我期待你的回复。 8. 邀请信 I would appreciate it if you could spare the time to come. I am looking forward to your early response.——如果你能抽出时间来，我将不胜感激。期待您的早日回复。 9. 申请信 I would be grateful if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your reply.——如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。期待您的回复。 10. 求助信 I will be very grateful if you are kind enough to lend me a hand. Please let me know as soon as possible.——如果您能慷慨地帮我一把，我将非常感激。请尽快告知我。 11. 演讲稿 From this experience, I learned that before we begin to do anything, we should plan it carefully. That's all. Thank you!——从这次经历中，我明白在开始做任何事情之前，都必须仔细规划。我的演讲完毕。谢谢！ 12. 咨询信 Your early reply would be highly appreciated. Thank you in advance!——非常感谢您能尽早回复。提前致谢！ 13. 感谢信 Please accept my heartfelt thanks again. I do hope that I have the chance to repay your kindness. Hopefully, everything goes well on you.——请再次接受我衷心的感谢。我真希望有机会报答您的好意。我真心希望你一切顺利。 14. 倡议书 We are supposed to go to bed early and get up early, and take meals regularly and slowly enough. Furthermore, it is advised that we spare as much time as possible to work out.——我们应该早睡早起，有规律地慢慢吃饭。此外，建议我们抽出尽可能多的时间来锻炼身体。 15. 投诉信 I am waiting for a reasonable explanation and expecting a positive feedback.——我正在等待一个合理的解释，并期待肯定反馈。 16. 祝贺信 Congratulations again, and I wish you further success!——再次表示祝贺，并预祝你取得更大的成功！ 17. 告知信 If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact us.——如果您有任何问题或疑虑，请随时与我们联系。 18. 日记／周记 This is really an educative and eye-opening activity, in which I was impressed with the convenience and benefits brought by technology.——这真的是一次有教育意义且开阔眼界的活动，在这次活动中我对科技带来的便利和好处印象深刻。 （二）必背二级结论 1. 收尾的三大功能句 ①表达感谢与期待：I would appreciate it if you could... / I am looking forward to your reply.；②发出倡导与呼吁：Only in this way can we... / It is advised that we...；③升华感悟：From this experience, I learned that... / What impresses me most is that...。 2. “首尾呼应”的高分布局 若开篇用 I'm writing to invite you to...，收尾则用 I would appreciate it if you could spare the time to come.；若开篇用 Recently, a survey...，收尾则用 I hold the view that...。首尾形成呼应可提高结构分。 3. 倒装收尾的特殊效果 Only in this way can we...；Not only does it...but also it...；So...that... 置于句首的部分倒装，均为收尾段的高分句式，能让最后一句更有力。 4. 体裁与收尾的匹配要点 书信类以“感谢 + 期待回复”收尾；报道与日记类以“意义升华”收尾；投诉与道歉类以“期待处理 + 保持礼貌”收尾；演讲稿以“总结 + 致谢”收尾。 5. 避免收尾雷区 ①不宜在收尾处提出新的重要信息；②不宜使用 I have nothing to say. 等消极表达；③不宜遗漏书信类的期待回复句；④不宜把演讲词写成书信体的 Yours sincerely。 （三）高频易错警示 1. look forward to 中的 to 为介词，后接名词或动名词，不可接动词原形。 2. I would appreciate it if 中的 it 不可省略，appreciate 后不直接接 if 从句。 3. Only in this way can we... 为部分倒装，助动词须提前，不能写成 Only in this way we can... 4. it is advised that 后接 should + 动词原形，should 可省略但须用原形。 5. 演讲稿的收尾不能出现书信落款，书信的收尾不能出现 Thank you! 6. 倡议书收尾的呼吁对象须与开篇号召对象一致，避免人称前后不一致。 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $