高一英语上学期期中模拟卷（上海专用）（沪外版）

2026-2027学年高一英语上学期期中模拟卷 参考答案 1．are broadcasting 2．an 3．how 4．to predict 5．more likely 6．either 7．where 8．be sought 9．that 10．on 11．C 12．AB 13．AD 14．D 15．A 16．E 17．BD 18．B 19．AC 20．AE 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．D 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．D 40．B 41．A 42．D 43．D 44．C 45．A 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．E 50．D 51．Parents are their children’s first teachers who help them learn appropriate conduct through language. Children are taught to be considerate of others’ concern as well as their own. Parents also teach them how to behave socially. This requires that they know when to say what to another person and how to dress in a socially accepted manner. 52．What matters is that we should contribute to human civilization. 53．Though people have been aware of the problem of food safety, they have paid/paid a heavy price for it. 54．Judging from the visitors’ expressions, they were content with the exhibits and amazed at the delicate designs of ancient craftsmen. 55．To reduce carbon footprint, the government appealed to the citizens to take immediate action and recycle all the packages before throwing the waste into the rubbish dump. 56．                                                                  A Personal Journey Through China      As a freshman of Mingqi High School, I am very excited to take part in the English essay contest with the theme of “Traveling Around China”.      Last summer, I embarked on a journey to the ancient city of Xi’an, which is a place rich in history and culture. Walking past the Terracotta Warriors, I was struck by their intricate details and the sheer size of the statues, each of which stood guard over the tomb of China’s first emperor for more than two millennia.      For me, the meaning of travel is not just about the scenery you see or the places you visit. Rather, it is a journey of self-discovery and personal growth. Travel allows us to step out of our comfort zones, embrace new experiences, and learn about different cultures and traditions. It fosters empathy and understanding and helps us appreciate human interconnectedness. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年高一上学期期中模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Adults are often ashamed to ask for help. Seeking someone’s help can make you feel like you 1 (broadcast) your inability. New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school for the same reason. Kayla Good, a graduate student at Stanford University, and Alex Shaw, 2 associate professor of psychology at the University of Chicago, applied a classic technique to learn more about 3 children think about reputation: Across several studies, they asked 576 children aged four to nine, 4 (predict) the behavior of two characters, Tom and Jack, in a story. Tom genuinely wanted to be smart, and Jack only wanted to seem smart to others. In one study, they told children both characters did poorly on a test, and asked which of them would be 5 (likely) to raise their hands in front of their class to ask the teacher for help. The four-year-olds were equally likely to choose 6 of the two characters as the one who would seek help. But by age seven or eight, children thought Jack would be less likely to ask for help. And children’s expectations were truly “reputational” in nature — they were specially thinking about how the characters would act in front of peers. They could still imagine situations 7 Jack would seek help: when it could 8 (seek) privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it. Given the findings, it seems quite possible 9 when children themselves are the ones struggling, they, too, might avoid seeking out help if they are concerned about reputation. So, the unwillingness to seek help when others are present could clearly hold back learning progress. To improve in any field, one must work hard, take on challenging tasks, and ask questions. However, the situation can be difficult when someone is concerned about their impressions 10 others. Section B Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．issue   B．engaging   C． panicking   D．reminded   E. addressing   AB．mirror   AC． cure AD．rooted   AE. stress   BC． informed   BD．schedule Why You Still Have Stress Dreams about School It’s the morning of your big exam. But you’re 11 because you haven’t been to a single class all semester. Thankfully, it’s just a dream. But why those dreams, even after your graduation? Dr. Alex Dimitriu, a sleep medicine doctor, says that such dreams may 12 stress in your day-to-day life. But dreaming specifically about feeling unprepared at school might be 13 in similar memories during formative school years in people’s lives. Another explanation is that people may be 14 of school based on the time of year. For instance, the end of August and beginning of September may bring back vivid memories or dreams of school, since that’s when the academic year starts. These types of dreams are so common that having them occasionally isn’t typically something to be concerned about. But if you’ re having them a lot, that could be a sign of another 15 , such as having too much stress in your life. Dimitriu recommends that people try 16 that stress either by making a change in their life to eliminate it or finding ways to cope with it. Some people may also have such dreams because of poor sleep habits, Dimitriu says. He advocates that people go to bed and wake up at roughly the same time each day, 17 some time to relax before bed and avoid eating large meals before going to sleep. “The human brain can’t go from 100 miles per hour to zero in 20 minutes,” he says. “I tell all my patients to turn tech off at 10—no screens, no emails for work, none of that. If you’ re even Amazon shopping right before bed, it’s too 18 , and that gets your brain active a little bit when your brain really needs to slow down.” He suggests that people try journaling to help process anything bothering them, which may also make them feel more prepared and can be a (n) 19 for stress dreams—like the one where you forget to show up for your final. Stress dreams are “a reminder to concentrate on relaxing, and a reminder to focus on sleep,” Dimitriu says. “I cannot 20 enough how important sleep is.” II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A It’s believed that clever people are better at learning languages. Most language learning skills, 21 , are habits, which can be formed through a bit of discipline. Here are the three most common 22 language learners make and how to correct them. Not listening enough There’s a school of language-teaching experts that believe language learning 23 a “silent period“. Just as babies learn to produce language by hearing and parroting sounds, language learners need to practise listening in order to learn. Listening is the communicative skill we use most in daily life, but it can be 24 to practise unless you live in a foreign country or attend language classes. The solution? Find music, podcasts, TV shows and movies in the 25 languages, and listen, listen, listen, as often as possible. A single method Some learners are most comfortable with the listen-and-repeat practice in a language lab. Some need a grammar textbook to 26 a foreign tongue. Each of these approaches is fine, but it’s a mistake to rely on only one. Language learners who use 27 methods get to practise different skills and see concepts explained in different ways. What’s more, the 28 can keep them from working in a situation that never changes. When choosing a class, learners should seek a course that 29 the four language skills (reading, writing, listening and speaking ). For self-study, try a 30 of textbooks, audio lessons, and language learning apps. 31 It doesn’t matter how well a person can write in foreign script, or finish a vocabulary test. To learn, improve, and truly use our language, we need to speak. This is the stage when language students should calm down, and feelings of 32 or unsafety hinder (阻碍) all their hard work. In Eastern cultures where saving face is a strong social value, EFL teachers often complain that students, despite years of studying English, simply will not speak it. They’re too 33 making mistakes of the grammar or mispronouncing words in a way that would 34 them. The key is that those mistakes help language learners by showing them the limits of language, and correcting errors 35 they become deep-rooted. The more learners speak and practise, the more quickly they improve. 21．A．however B．moreover C．furthermore D．therefore 22．A．successes B．wonders C．mistakes D．contributions 23．A．picks up B．begins with C．takes up D．meets with 24．A．efficient B．difficult C．easy D．pleasant 25．A．national B．official C．signal D．target 26．A．make sense of B．make use of C．make profit of D．make fun of 27．A．common B．educational C．lasting D．multiple 28．A．variety B．change C．improvement D．choices 29．A．delivers B．lacks C．measures D．includes 30．A．selection B．preference C．combination D．decoration 31．A．Complaints B．Fear C．Safety D．Limitation 32．A．humor B．shyness C．achievements D．laughter 33．A．confident in B．comfortable with C．keen on D．afraid of 34．A．amaze B．ignore C．ruin D．embarrass 35．A．if B．before C．in case D．so that Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A “Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” It rests on a national stereotype (刻板印象): Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waving supposedly goes to prove it. Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago holds that people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. Basically, everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologise for not having made any — but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. All this suggests that, to some extent, thinking is not all done in your head. The gesture under discussion here is mostly the “co-speech” kind. It is much more abstract than mime (默剧) . Nor are these “typical” gestures like a thumbs-up or a finger over the lips for “Silence!” Like words, those are fixed within cultures (but vary between them). Instead, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words — while their hands make a running motion. Practical advice is also included in the book. Teachers are encouraged both to use gestures themselves and to observe those their students make. Therapists (治疗师) can be trained to look out for gestures hinting that patients are thinking something they are not yet ready to say. Children with language delays caused by brain injuries at or around birth, but who nonetheless gesture as much as their peers, are likely to catch up orally by the age of about 30 months. Those who gesture less are more likely to need intensive early intervention. Children with Down’s syndrome may express themselves better when taught to use a mix of gesture and speech rather than speech alone. No one who reads this book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is an effective aid to both. 36．Why is the old joke about Italians mentioned in the passage? A．To introduce the topic of gestures’ roles in thinking and communication. B．To explain why the hands are so important for Italians in self-expression. C．To show the author’s enthusiasm for old jokes about national stereotypes. D．To confirm that Italians are more talkative and emotional than other people. 37．Which of the following statements best describes the “gestures” discussed in the book? A．They are as concrete as mime and can stand alone to express ideas. B．They are similar to mime and mainly used to show silent emotions. C．They are like a thumbs-up bearing the same meaning across all cultures. D．They are abstract, tied to speech, and different from fixed cultural signs. 38．In what ways can gestures be applied to practice according to the passage? A．Instructing caregivers to replace speech with gestures for children with language delays. B．Guiding educators to adjust their gestures in teaching based on students’ gestural signals. C．Enabling therapists to master techniques in interpreting patients’ unspoken thoughts via gestures. D．Advising individuals to increase gesturing frequency to enhance emotional expression in speech. 39．The underlined word “intervention” (Line 6, Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to____________. A．strict rules made to correct bad behavior B．daily care given to support children’s growth C．simple advice offered to guide language learning D．professional help provided to improve a condition B Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour is a unique international resource to explore the life’s work of the greatest English-language playwright to have ever lived. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about Shakespeare and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him. ·  Group Visits to the Exhibition & Tour Opening Hours Theatre Tours: Monday to Sunday 9:30 am to 5:00 pm Exhibition: Monday to Saturday 9:00 am to 5:00 pm Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own tour guide. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email.  Exhibition and Tour Prices Adult:   £15.00 Senior (60+):   £13.50 Student (with valid ID):  £11.50 Children (5-15):   £8.00 Complimentary:   every 16th person free ·  Getting here Shakespeare’s Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SE1 9DT, UK We currently have enhanced security, with all bags being checked. Please arrive in good time. Do not bring any large bags. By car and taxi Where possible, visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi. There is a car park on Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge. Black cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one up from outside the main foyer (大厅) on New Globe Walk. ·  Where to eat Swan at Shakespeare’s Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors. Swan Restaurant Monday-Friday: 12 noon-2:30 pm & 6:00 pm-10:30 pm Saturday: 12 noon-3:30 pm & 6:00 pm-10:30 pm Sunday: 12 noon-9:00 pm * Last admission is 30 minutes prior to closing time. 40．When can you pay a visit to the exhibition? A．8:35 am on Monday. B．2:35 pm on Friday. C．5:35 pm on Saturday. D．4:35 pm on Sunday. 41．Which of the following applies to visitors? A．Taxi services are accessible near Southwark Bridge. B．They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge. C．They are required to deposit their bags before entering. D．It’s more convenient to drive there than to go by public transport. 42．The passage is meant to ________. A．encourage readers to travel around London B．help inspire readers’ enthusiasm for Shakespeare’s works C．alert readers to the history of a unique international resource D．inform readers about Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour C In All Her Fault, the latest TV drama released this month, Marrisa Irvine rushes to pick up her child from a playdate , but there is a problem as soon as she gets there: the person who answers the door has no idea who her child is — or who she is. ‌“I think you’ve got the wrong house,” they say. Her child has disappeared. The questions come fast and furious: Who made the playdate? Who checked out the nanny? Did mom really need to be at work? Like the title suggests, All Her Fault explores how women get stretched trying to strike a balance between a career and children — and get blamed if anything goes wrong. People often say that mothers are ‌“born caregivers”, yet in real life this praise soon turns into blame. When a child struggles at school or misbehaves in public, many eyes instinctively turn to the mother, while the father quietly fades into the background. In many families, the mother is treated as the ‌“default parent”. She is the one schools call first, the one who remembers every deadline and appointment. Because she is seen as the person most ‌“in charge”, people also feel free to hold her most accountable. Success is described as ‌“a devoted mother’s effort”, but failure is judged as ‌“a mother’s mistake”. In the past few decades, an ideal of ‌“intensive mothering” has spread through books, social media and parenting experts. The good mother is expected to pour in time, emotion and money, constantly planning, monitoring and improving herself. Any moment of tiredness or impatience can be read as proof that she is not trying hard enough. Fathers, however, are often placed in a different story line. In this script, a father is an extra helper rather than a full partner, and his main duty is assumed to be ‌“making a living”. When he occasionally cooks dinner or takes the child to the park, he is praised as a model dad going ‌“above and beyond”. The workplace and the media deepen this double standard. Mothers are seen as less hardworking employees once they have children, while fathers are seen as more reliable and mature. On screen and online, mothers who lose their temper are labelled as ‌“crazy” or ‌“toxic”, while fathers doing even the least are celebrated as heroes. So it is not that fathers are naturally more responsible or less at fault. Rather, society has written motherhood as a full-time responsibility that must be perfect, and fatherhood as optional extra credit. Until we rewrite this story and share care and blame more fairly, mothers will continue to stand in the harsh light of criticism while many fathers remain in the shadows. 43．In paragraph 4, the ‌“default parent” is the parent who ________. A．is mainly praised when the child succeeds, even if others also helped B．is blamed in public when something goes wrong but rarely given credit when things go well C．steps in as an extra helper only when the other caregiver is too busy making a living for the family D．is automatically contacted and relied on whenever something needs to be done for the child 44．According to paragraph 5, what is one major effect of the ideal of ‌“intensive mothering” on mothers? A．It leads moms to trust books, social media and parenting experts, so they feel surer about every decision. B．It makes moms feel they must pour in time and emotion only when their children are struggling or misbehaving. C．It keeps moms measured against a demanding standard where any tiredness or impatience is seen as failure. D．It encourages moms and dads to take turns planning, monitoring and improving themselves as equal caregivers. 45．Which of the following best sums up the main idea of the passage? A．It explains how expectations from home, work and media place heavier blame on moms than on dads. B．It advises working mothers to be extra careful when choosing playdates and nannies. C．It suggests if dads stopped working and stayed at home, double standards against mothers would disappear. D．It argues media images of crazy moms and heroic dads are a bigger problem than families or workplaces. 46．The passage mainly organized by opening with a TV drama scene and then ________. A．listing several real examples of moms being blamed, and finally accepting this as simply part of being a parent B．explaining why moms are born caregivers and implying that intensive mothering is a natural and desirable ideal C．focusing on dads going above and beyond, using them to argue that men face more unfair judgment than women D．contrasting how family, work and media treat moms and dads as caregivers, and calling for rewriting the story Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Emerging Industry of AI Companions: Opportunities and Risks A new industry centered on AI companions is rapidly taking shape, bringing profound impacts on society and the very definition of human connection. Across the globe, more people are forming bonds with AI entities — whether as virtual friends, mentors, therapists, or romantic partners. This trend has been driven by advances in large language models (LLMs). 47 Dedicated apps like Character.AI and China’s Maoxiang boast millions of monthly active users, while even productivity tools like ChatGPT are being customized into ideal companions. These AIs offer 24/7 availability, unconditional support, and personalized interactions that real-life relationships often lack, appealing to groups like young people, the elderly, and those with limited social opportunities. 48 Studies show they can temporarily alleviate loneliness more effectively than other online activities, help improve communication skills, and provide an outlet for emotional venting. For the disabled and elderly, they serve as accessible companions, while some users credit them with enhancing their real-life relationships. However, significant risks persist. 49 AI’s tendency to cater to users’ desires can foster unrealistic expectations of real relationships and even enable harmful thoughts through blind agreement. Teenagers and those with mental health issues are particularly vulnerable, leading to calls for stricter safeguards. Additionally, users face risks from sudden app updates that alter AI personalities and from potential privacy violations as they share sensitive information. As regulators step up scrutiny (审查) and firms introduce protective measures, AI companions are expanding into hardware like smart toys and elderly care robots. 50 : making full use of its benefits while reducing risks to ensure it enriches rather than diminishes human connection. A．AI companions bring tangible benefits. B．They enable AI to mimic human emotions, show empathy, and remember personal details of users. C．Over-reliance on AI may displace normal social interactions, with research linking heavy usage to increased loneliness. D．This emerging industry offers great potential but requires careful balance. E．Most AI companions are designed to prioritize user satisfaction over moral guidance. F．Technological breakthroughs have made AI companions more affordable for ordinary consumers. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. It is from your parents that you first learn language. This learning involves much more time than mere accent (重音) and vocabulary. You are taught that often you must concern yourself with other people’s feelings and needs instead of your own. You learn to say “I’m sorry” even in a situation when you clearly are not wrong, or to say, “That was a delicious lunch” when you thought it was just the opposite. You learn that different clothing and behaviour are appropriate at the public swimming pool, at the family dinner table, and at other places. Parents also teach their children social skills. In learning to get along with other people, for example, you are taught when to say “Please” and “Thank you”. Some children are taught that language can be a pleasure itself, in the form of jokes, poems, and stories. Some children are taught that in our society it usually is more acceptable to use verbal rather than physical means to get what one wants. For example, most people say “Excuse me” instead of simply pushing through a crowd. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．重要的是我们应该为人类的文明做出贡献。(matter) ___________________________________________________________________________ 53．虽然人们已经意识到了食品安全问题，但是还是为此付出了沉重的代价。(aware) ___________________________________________________________________________ 54．从参观者的表情来看，他们对展品非常满意并惊叹于古代工匠的精妙设计。 ( judge) ___________________________________________________________________________ 55．为了减少碳足迹，政府呼吁市民们立刻采取行动，先回收所有的包装再把废品扔进垃圾场。 (appeal) ___________________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学高一学生李华，你校正在进行“行走中国”主题的英语征文大赛，现请你给学生会投稿，参加征文比赛，结合你的旅游经历谈谈你如何理解旅行的意义。 你的作文需包括： 1.你的一段“行走中国”旅行经历： 2.你对旅行意义的理解。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共6页） 试题 第4页（共6页） 试题 第1页（共6页） 试题 第2页（共6页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高一上学期期中模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Adults are often ashamed to ask for help. Seeking someone’s help can make you feel like you 1 (broadcast) your inability. New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school for the same reason. Kayla Good, a graduate student at Stanford University, and Alex Shaw, 2 associate professor of psychology at the University of Chicago, applied a classic technique to learn more about 3 children think about reputation: Across several studies, they asked 576 children aged four to nine, 4 (predict) the behavior of two characters, Tom and Jack, in a story. Tom genuinely wanted to be smart, and Jack only wanted to seem smart to others. In one study, they told children both characters did poorly on a test, and asked which of them would be 5 (likely) to raise their hands in front of their class to ask the teacher for help. The four-year-olds were equally likely to choose 6 of the two characters as the one who would seek help. But by age seven or eight, children thought Jack would be less likely to ask for help. And children’s expectations were truly “reputational” in nature — they were specially thinking about how the characters would act in front of peers. They could still imagine situations 7 Jack would seek help: when it could 8 (seek) privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it. Given the findings, it seems quite possible 9 when children themselves are the ones struggling, they, too, might avoid seeking out help if they are concerned about reputation. So, the unwillingness to seek help when others are present could clearly hold back learning progress. To improve in any field, one must work hard, take on challenging tasks, and ask questions. However, the situation can be difficult when someone is concerned about their impressions 10 others. 【答案】 1．are broadcasting 2．an 3．how 4．to predict 5．more likely 6．either 7．where 8．be sought 9．that 10．on 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项研究发现，儿童和成年人一样会因在意声誉而不愿在他人面前求助，且这种倾向在7-8岁时显现。 【详解】1．考查动词时态。句意：寻求他人帮助会让你觉得自己在宣扬自己的无能。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合语境，强调“求助时正在宣扬”的进行状态，用现在进行时；主语you为第二人称，所以谓语动词为are broadcasting。故填are broadcasting。 2．考查冠词。句意：斯坦福大学研究生凯拉·古德和芝加哥大学心理学副教授亚历克斯·肖运用一种经典技术，来深入了解儿童对声誉的看法。professor为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一位副教授”，且associate是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：斯坦福大学研究生凯拉·古德和芝加哥大学心理学副教授亚历克斯·肖运用一种经典技术，来深入了解儿童对声誉的看法。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何看待声誉”，用连接副词how。故填how。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在几项研究中，他们让576名4至9岁的儿童预测故事中两个角色汤姆和杰克的行为。此处为固定搭配“ask sb. to do sth.”，意为“让某人做某事”，用动词不定式to predict作宾补。故填to predict。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：在一项研究中，他们告诉孩子们两个角色考试都没考好，然后问他们哪个更有可能在全班同学面前举手向老师求助。此处为形容词作表语，结合句意，此处暗含汤姆和杰克的对比，用likely的比较级more likely，意为“更有可能的”。故填more likely。 6．考查代词。句意：4岁的孩子同样有可能选择两个角色中的任意一个会求助。结合句意，此处表示“两者中的任意一个”，用代词either，意为“两者之一”。故填either。 7．考查定语从句。句意：他们仍然能想象出杰克会求助的场景：当求助可以私下进行时（通过电脑而非当面），孩子们认为两个角色求助的可能性是一样的。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为situations，为抽象地点名词，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 8．考查动词语态。句意：他们仍然能想象出杰克会求助的场景：当求助可以私下进行时（通过电脑而非当面），孩子们认为两个角色求助的可能性是一样的。此处位于情态动词后，应使用动词原形，it（指代help）与seek为被动关系，用情态动词的被动语态。故填be sought。 9．考查主语从句。句意：根据这些发现，当孩子们自己遇到困难时，如果他们关心自己的声誉，他们也可能会避免寻求帮助，这似乎是很有可能的。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，用连接词that，只起连接作用，无实际意义。故填that。 10．考查介词。句意：然而，当一个人在意自己给别人留下的印象时，情况就会变得很困难。此处为固定搭配“impressions on sb.”，意为“给某人的印象”，用介词on。故填on。 Section B Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．issue   B．engaging   C． panicking   D．reminded   E. addressing   AB．mirror   AC． cure AD．rooted   AE. stress   BC． informed   BD．schedule Why You Still Have Stress Dreams about School It’s the morning of your big exam. But you’re 11 because you haven’t been to a single class all semester. Thankfully, it’s just a dream. But why those dreams, even after your graduation? Dr. Alex Dimitriu, a sleep medicine doctor, says that such dreams may 12 stress in your day-to-day life. But dreaming specifically about feeling unprepared at school might be 13 in similar memories during formative school years in people’s lives. Another explanation is that people may be 14 of school based on the time of year. For instance, the end of August and beginning of September may bring back vivid memories or dreams of school, since that’s when the academic year starts. These types of dreams are so common that having them occasionally isn’t typically something to be concerned about. But if you’ re having them a lot, that could be a sign of another 15 , such as having too much stress in your life. Dimitriu recommends that people try 16 that stress either by making a change in their life to eliminate it or finding ways to cope with it. Some people may also have such dreams because of poor sleep habits, Dimitriu says. He advocates that people go to bed and wake up at roughly the same time each day, 17 some time to relax before bed and avoid eating large meals before going to sleep. “The human brain can’t go from 100 miles per hour to zero in 20 minutes,” he says. “I tell all my patients to turn tech off at 10—no screens, no emails for work, none of that. If you’ re even Amazon shopping right before bed, it’s too 18 , and that gets your brain active a little bit when your brain really needs to slow down.” He suggests that people try journaling to help process anything bothering them, which may also make them feel more prepared and can be a (n) 19 for stress dreams—like the one where you forget to show up for your final. Stress dreams are “a reminder to concentrate on relaxing, and a reminder to focus on sleep,” Dimitriu says. “I cannot 20 enough how important sleep is.” 【答案】 11．C 12．AB 13．AD 14．D 15．A 16．E 17．BD 18．B 19．AC 20．AE 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了人们毕业后仍会做关于学校的压力梦的原因，包括反映日常生活压力、受特定时间唤起记忆、睡眠习惯不良等，还介绍了应对这些压力梦的方法。 【详解】11．考查动词。句意：但你很惊慌，因为你整个学期都没上过一节课。根据后文“because you haven’t been to a single class all semester.”可知，你很惊慌。“panic”意为“惊慌”，这里使用现在进行时“are +现在分词”，表示此时此刻正在惊慌。故填C。 12．考查动词。句意：睡眠医学医生Alex Dimitriu博士说，这样的梦可能反映了你日常生活中的压力。根据前文“such dreams”以及后文“stress in your day-to-day life.”可知，这样的梦可能反映了你日常生活中的压力。“mirror”有“反映”的意思，情态动词“may”后接动词原形。故填AB。 13．考查形容词。句意：但特别梦到在学校毫无准备，可能源于人们在成长阶段学校生活中的类似记忆。“be rooted in”是固定短语，意为“源于；扎根于”，在句中作谓语，表示梦的根源，符合语境。故填AD。 14．考查动词。句意：另一种解释是，人们可能会根据一年中的时间想起学校。“remind”有“使想起”的意思，“be reminded of”是被动结构，意为“被唤起……的记忆”。分析句子，“people”和“remind”之间是被动关系，这里表示人们被唤起对学校的记忆，所以用过去分词形式。故填D。 15．考查名词。句意：但如果你经常做这些梦，那可能是另一个问题的征兆，比如你生活中有太多压力。根据后文“such as having too much stress in your life.”可知，“issue”意为“问题”符合语境，不定冠词“another”后接名词，故填A。 16．考查动词。句意：Dimitriu建议人们尝试通过改变生活方式消除压力，或者找到应对压力的方法来解决压力。根据后文“by making a change in their life to eliminate it or finding ways to cope with it.”可知，找到应对压力的方法来解决压力。“address”有“处理；解决”的意思，符合语境。故填E。 17．考查动词。句意：他主张人们每天大致在相同的时间睡觉和起床，安排一些时间在睡前放松，睡前避免吃大餐。“schedule”有“安排”的意思，这里与“go”“avoid”并列，都为“advocates”后宾语从句中省略“should”的谓语动词，用动词原形。符合语境。故填BD。 18．考查形容词。句意：如果你甚至在睡前还在亚马逊购物，那就太令人兴奋了，这会让你的大脑在真正需要慢下来的时候稍微活跃一点。根据前文“If you’ re even Amazon shopping right before bed”可知，如果你甚至在睡前还在亚马逊购物，那就太令人兴奋了。“engaging”意为“有趣的；令人兴奋的”，这里作表语，形容睡前在亚马逊购物这种行为会使大脑兴奋。故填B。 19．考查名词。句意：他建议人们尝试写日记来帮助处理困扰他们的事情，这也可能让他们感觉更有准备，并且可能是治疗压力梦的一种方法——比如梦到忘记参加期末考试的那种。根据前文“He suggests that people try journaling to help process anything bothering them, which may also make them feel more prepared”可知，可能是治疗压力梦的一种方法。“cure”有“治疗方法”的意思，不定冠词“a (n)”后接名词，“a cure for...”表示“……的治疗方法”，这里指写日记可能是治疗压力梦的办法，符合语境。故填AC。 20．考查动词。句意：“我再怎么强调睡眠有多重要都不为过。”“stress”有“强调”的意思，“cannot stress enough”是常用表达，意为“再怎么强调都不为过”。符合语境。故填AE。 II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A It’s believed that clever people are better at learning languages. Most language learning skills, 21 , are habits, which can be formed through a bit of discipline. Here are the three most common 22 language learners make and how to correct them. Not listening enough There’s a school of language-teaching experts that believe language learning 23 a “silent period“. Just as babies learn to produce language by hearing and parroting sounds, language learners need to practise listening in order to learn. Listening is the communicative skill we use most in daily life, but it can be 24 to practise unless you live in a foreign country or attend language classes. The solution? Find music, podcasts, TV shows and movies in the 25 languages, and listen, listen, listen, as often as possible. A single method Some learners are most comfortable with the listen-and-repeat practice in a language lab. Some need a grammar textbook to 26 a foreign tongue. Each of these approaches is fine, but it’s a mistake to rely on only one. Language learners who use 27 methods get to practise different skills and see concepts explained in different ways. What’s more, the 28 can keep them from working in a situation that never changes. When choosing a class, learners should seek a course that 29 the four language skills (reading, writing, listening and speaking ). For self-study, try a 30 of textbooks, audio lessons, and language learning apps. 31 It doesn’t matter how well a person can write in foreign script, or finish a vocabulary test. To learn, improve, and truly use our language, we need to speak. This is the stage when language students should calm down, and feelings of 32 or unsafety hinder (阻碍) all their hard work. In Eastern cultures where saving face is a strong social value, EFL teachers often complain that students, despite years of studying English, simply will not speak it. They’re too 33 making mistakes of the grammar or mispronouncing words in a way that would 34 them. The key is that those mistakes help language learners by showing them the limits of language, and correcting errors 35 they become deep-rooted. The more learners speak and practise, the more quickly they improve. 21．A．however B．moreover C．furthermore D．therefore 22．A．successes B．wonders C．mistakes D．contributions 23．A．picks up B．begins with C．takes up D．meets with 24．A．efficient B．difficult C．easy D．pleasant 25．A．national B．official C．signal D．target 26．A．make sense of B．make use of C．make profit of D．make fun of 27．A．common B．educational C．lasting D．multiple 28．A．variety B．change C．improvement D．choices 29．A．delivers B．lacks C．measures D．includes 30．A．selection B．preference C．combination D．decoration 31．A．Complaints B．Fear C．Safety D．Limitation 32．A．humor B．shyness C．achievements D．laughter 33．A．confident in B．comfortable with C．keen on D．afraid of 34．A．amaze B．ignore C．ruin D．embarrass 35．A．if B．before C．in case D．so that 【答案】 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言学习者常犯的三种错误——听不够、只用一种方法、害怕开口，并分别给出了纠正建议。 【详解】21．考查副词。句意：人们认为聪明人更擅长学习语言。然而，大多数语言学习技巧都是习惯，这些习惯可以通过一点自律来养成。A. however然而；B. moreover而且；C. furthermore此外；D. therefore因此。根据上文“It’s believed that clever people are better at learning languages.”与下文“are habits”可知，前后为转折关系，用“然而”连接。 22．考查名词。句意：以下是语言学习者最常犯的三种错误以及如何纠正它们。A. successes成功；B. wonders奇迹；C. mistakes错误；D. contributions贡献。根据下文“how to correct them”可知，这些是语言学习者常犯的“错误”。 23．考查动词短语。句意：有一派语言教学专家认为，语言学习始于一个“沉默期”。A. picks up捡起，学会；B. begins with以……开始；C. takes up占据；D. meets with遇到。根据下文“Just as babies learn to produce language by hearing and parroting sounds, language learners need to practise listening in order to learn.”可知，语言学习像婴儿学语一样，最初不会说，是从最初的沉默期“开始”。 24．考查形容词。句意：听力是我们在日常生活中使用最多的交际技能，但除非你住在国外或参加语言课程，否则它可能很难练习。A. efficient高效的；B. difficult困难的；C. easy容易的；D. pleasant愉快的。根据下文“unless you live in a foreign country or attend language classes”可知，如果不具备这些条件，练习听力是“困难的”。 25．考查形容词。句意：找到目标语言的音乐、播客、电视节目和电影，尽可能多地听。A. national国家的；B. official官方的；C. signal信号的；D. target目标的。根据上文“Find music, podcasts, TV shows and movies”以及语言学习的语境可知，所听的内容应属于“目标”语言。 26．考查动词短语。句意：有些人需要语法书来理解一门外语。A. make sense of理解，弄懂；B. make use of利用；C. make profit of从……中获利；D. make fun of取笑。根据上文“a grammar textbook”可知，语法书的作用是帮助学习者“理解”外语。 27．考查形容词。句意：使用多种方法的语言学习者可以练习不同的技能，并以不同的方式理解概念。A. common常见的；B. educational有教育意义的；C. lasting持久的；D. multiple多种的。根据上文“it’s a mistake to rely on only one”可知，此处强调不要只依赖一种方法，而应使用“多种”方法。 28．考查名词。句意：此外，多样性可以防止他们陷入一成不变的状态。A. variety多样性；B. change改变；C. improvement改善；D. choices选择。根据上文“but it’s a mistake to rely on only one”可知，此处指方法的“多样性”。 29．考查动词。句意：在选择课程时，学习者应该寻找包含四种语言技能（读、写、听、说）的课程。A. delivers递送；B. lacks缺乏；C. measures测量；D. includes包含。根据上文“a course”和下文“the four language skills”可知，课程应“包含”这四种技能。 30．考查名词。句意：对于自学，尝试将教科书、音频课程和语言学习应用程序结合起来。A. selection选择；B. preference偏爱；C. combination结合；D. decoration装饰。根据下文“textbooks, audio lessons, and language learning apps”可知，此处指将多种学习工具“结合”使用。 31．考查名词。句意：恐惧。A. Complaints抱怨；B. Fear恐惧；C. Safety安全；D. Limitation限制。根据下文“unsafety hinder (阻碍) all their hard work”以及本段主要讲学习者因害怕犯错而不敢开口可知，此处指语言学习者最常犯的三种错误之一“恐惧”。 32．考查名词。句意：这是语言学生应该冷静下来的阶段，而害羞或不安全感会阻碍他们所有的努力。A. humor幽默；B. shyness害羞；C. achievements成就；D. laughter笑声。根据下文“In Eastern cultures where saving face is a strong social value”可知，东方文化里学生怕丢面子不敢开口，对应“害羞”情绪。 33．考查形容词短语。句意：他们太害怕犯语法错误或发音错误，以至于让自己难堪。A. confident in自信；B. comfortable with舒适；C. keen on热衷；D. afraid of害怕。根据下文“making mistakes”可知，学生“害怕”犯错。 34．考查动词。句意：他们太害怕犯语法错误或发音错误，以至于让自己难堪。A. amaze使惊讶；B. ignore忽视；C. ruin毁坏；D. embarrass使尴尬。根据上文“making mistakes”和“saving face”可知，犯错会让自己“尴尬”。 35．考查连词。句意：关键是这些错误通过向语言学习者展示语言的局限性来帮助他们，并在错误变得根深蒂固之前纠正它们。A. if如果；B. before在……之前；C. in case万一；D. so that以便。根据上文“correcting errors”和下文“they become deep-rooted”可知，应在错误根深蒂固“之前”纠正。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A “Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” It rests on a national stereotype (刻板印象): Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waving supposedly goes to prove it. Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago holds that people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. Basically, everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologise for not having made any — but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. All this suggests that, to some extent, thinking is not all done in your head. The gesture under discussion here is mostly the “co-speech” kind. It is much more abstract than mime (默剧) . Nor are these “typical” gestures like a thumbs-up or a finger over the lips for “Silence!” Like words, those are fixed within cultures (but vary between them). Instead, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words — while their hands make a running motion. Practical advice is also included in the book. Teachers are encouraged both to use gestures themselves and to observe those their students make. Therapists (治疗师) can be trained to look out for gestures hinting that patients are thinking something they are not yet ready to say. Children with language delays caused by brain injuries at or around birth, but who nonetheless gesture as much as their peers, are likely to catch up orally by the age of about 30 months. Those who gesture less are more likely to need intensive early intervention. Children with Down’s syndrome may express themselves better when taught to use a mix of gesture and speech rather than speech alone. No one who reads this book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is an effective aid to both. 36．Why is the old joke about Italians mentioned in the passage? A．To introduce the topic of gestures’ roles in thinking and communication. B．To explain why the hands are so important for Italians in self-expression. C．To show the author’s enthusiasm for old jokes about national stereotypes. D．To confirm that Italians are more talkative and emotional than other people. 37．Which of the following statements best describes the “gestures” discussed in the book? A．They are as concrete as mime and can stand alone to express ideas. B．They are similar to mime and mainly used to show silent emotions. C．They are like a thumbs-up bearing the same meaning across all cultures. D．They are abstract, tied to speech, and different from fixed cultural signs. 38．In what ways can gestures be applied to practice according to the passage? A．Instructing caregivers to replace speech with gestures for children with language delays. B．Guiding educators to adjust their gestures in teaching based on students’ gestural signals. C．Enabling therapists to master techniques in interpreting patients’ unspoken thoughts via gestures. D．Advising individuals to increase gesturing frequency to enhance emotional expression in speech. 39．The underlined word “intervention” (Line 6, Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to____________. A．strict rules made to correct bad behavior B．daily care given to support children’s growth C．simple advice offered to guide language learning D．professional help provided to improve a condition 【答案】36．A 37．D 38．C 39．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了手势在思维和交流中的重要作用及实际应用。 【详解】36．推理判断题。根据第一段中“It rests on a national stereotype (刻板印象): Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waving supposedly goes to prove it.(它基于一种民族刻板印象：意大利人健谈且情绪化，所有这些挥舞手臂的动作都被认为证明了这一点)”和第二段中“Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago holds that people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”.(芝加哥大学的苏珊·戈尔丁-梅多认为，人们在用手势说话时所做的事情是不同的，她在她的新书《用手思考》的书名中总结了这一点)”可知，文章提到关于意大利人的老笑话是为了引出手势在思维和交流中的作用这一话题。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The gesture under discussion here is mostly the “co-speech” kind. It is much more abstract than mime (默剧) . Nor are these “typical” gestures like a thumbs-up or a finger over the lips for “Silence!” Like words, those are fixed within cultures (but vary between them). Instead, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information.(这里讨论的手势大多是“伴随言语”的手势。它比默剧抽象得多。这些手势也不像竖起大拇指或手指放在嘴唇上表示“安静！”这样的“典型”手势。像单词一样，这些手势在文化中是固定的（但在不同文化之间有所不同）。相反，伴随言语的手势是信息的第二渠道)”可知，书中讨论的“手势”是抽象的言语相关，不同于固定的文化符号。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Therapists (治疗师) can be trained to look out for gestures hinting that patients are thinking something they are not yet ready to say.(治疗师可以接受培训，留意那些暗示患者正在思考一些他们尚未准备好说出口的事情的手势)”可知，根据文章，手势可以应用于实践的方式是使治疗师能够掌握通过手势解读患者未说出口的想法的技巧。故选C。 39．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“Children with language delays caused by brain injuries at or around birth, but who nonetheless gesture as much as their peers, are likely to catch up orally by the age of about 30 months. Those who gesture less are more likely to need intensive early intervention.(出生时或出生前后因脑损伤导致语言发育迟缓的儿童，尽管如此，他们的手势与同龄人一样多，他们很可能在30个月大时在口语方面赶上同龄人。手势较少的儿童更有可能需要密集的早期intervention)”可知，此处“intervention”指的是为了改善某种状况而提供的专业帮助，即“专业帮助以改善状况”。故选D。 B Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour is a unique international resource to explore the life’s work of the greatest English-language playwright to have ever lived. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about Shakespeare and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him. ·  Group Visits to the Exhibition & Tour Opening Hours Theatre Tours: Monday to Sunday 9:30 am to 5:00 pm Exhibition: Monday to Saturday 9:00 am to 5:00 pm Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own tour guide. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email.  Exhibition and Tour Prices Adult:   £15.00 Senior (60+):   £13.50 Student (with valid ID):  £11.50 Children (5-15):   £8.00 Complimentary:   every 16th person free ·  Getting here Shakespeare’s Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SE1 9DT, UK We currently have enhanced security, with all bags being checked. Please arrive in good time. Do not bring any large bags. By car and taxi Where possible, visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi. There is a car park on Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge. Black cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one up from outside the main foyer (大厅) on New Globe Walk. ·  Where to eat Swan at Shakespeare’s Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors. Swan Restaurant Monday-Friday: 12 noon-2:30 pm & 6:00 pm-10:30 pm Saturday: 12 noon-3:30 pm & 6:00 pm-10:30 pm Sunday: 12 noon-9:00 pm * Last admission is 30 minutes prior to closing time. 40．When can you pay a visit to the exhibition? A．8:35 am on Monday. B．2:35 pm on Friday. C．5:35 pm on Saturday. D．4:35 pm on Sunday. 41．Which of the following applies to visitors? A．Taxi services are accessible near Southwark Bridge. B．They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge. C．They are required to deposit their bags before entering. D．It’s more convenient to drive there than to go by public transport. 42．The passage is meant to ________. A．encourage readers to travel around London B．help inspire readers’ enthusiasm for Shakespeare’s works C．alert readers to the history of a unique international resource D．inform readers about Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour 【答案】40．B 41．A 42．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了莎士比亚环球展览与参观活动的相关信息。 【详解】40．细节理解题。根据文中“Exhibition: Monday to Saturday 9:00 am to 5:00 pm(展览：星期一至六上午九时至下午五时)”可知，周五下午2:35可以参观展览会。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据By car and taxi部分“Black cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge.(在Southwark桥上全年都可以看到黑色出租车。)”可知，在Southwark桥附近可搭乘出租车。故选A。 42．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour is a unique international resource to explore the life’s work of the greatest English-language playwright to have ever lived.(莎士比亚环球展览和参观是一个独特的国际资源，可以探索这位有史以来最伟大的英语剧作家的一生。)”和黑体的内容“Group Visits to the Exhibition & Tour Opening Hours(团体参观展览及参观开放时间)”，“Exhibition and Tour Prices(展览和旅游价格)”，“Getting here(到达这里)”和“Where to eat(在哪里吃饭)”可知，本文主要介绍了莎士比亚环球展览与参观活动的相关信息，因此目的是向读者介绍莎士比亚环球展览与参观活动。故选D。 C In All Her Fault, the latest TV drama released this month, Marrisa Irvine rushes to pick up her child from a playdate , but there is a problem as soon as she gets there: the person who answers the door has no idea who her child is — or who she is. ‌“I think you’ve got the wrong house,” they say. Her child has disappeared. The questions come fast and furious: Who made the playdate? Who checked out the nanny? Did mom really need to be at work? Like the title suggests, All Her Fault explores how women get stretched trying to strike a balance between a career and children — and get blamed if anything goes wrong. People often say that mothers are ‌“born caregivers”, yet in real life this praise soon turns into blame. When a child struggles at school or misbehaves in public, many eyes instinctively turn to the mother, while the father quietly fades into the background. In many families, the mother is treated as the ‌“default parent”. She is the one schools call first, the one who remembers every deadline and appointment. Because she is seen as the person most ‌“in charge”, people also feel free to hold her most accountable. Success is described as ‌“a devoted mother’s effort”, but failure is judged as ‌“a mother’s mistake”. In the past few decades, an ideal of ‌“intensive mothering” has spread through books, social media and parenting experts. The good mother is expected to pour in time, emotion and money, constantly planning, monitoring and improving herself. Any moment of tiredness or impatience can be read as proof that she is not trying hard enough. Fathers, however, are often placed in a different story line. In this script, a father is an extra helper rather than a full partner, and his main duty is assumed to be ‌“making a living”. When he occasionally cooks dinner or takes the child to the park, he is praised as a model dad going ‌“above and beyond”. The workplace and the media deepen this double standard. Mothers are seen as less hardworking employees once they have children, while fathers are seen as more reliable and mature. On screen and online, mothers who lose their temper are labelled as ‌“crazy” or ‌“toxic”, while fathers doing even the least are celebrated as heroes. So it is not that fathers are naturally more responsible or less at fault. Rather, society has written motherhood as a full-time responsibility that must be perfect, and fatherhood as optional extra credit. Until we rewrite this story and share care and blame more fairly, mothers will continue to stand in the harsh light of criticism while many fathers remain in the shadows. 43．In paragraph 4, the ‌“default parent” is the parent who ________. A．is mainly praised when the child succeeds, even if others also helped B．is blamed in public when something goes wrong but rarely given credit when things go well C．steps in as an extra helper only when the other caregiver is too busy making a living for the family D．is automatically contacted and relied on whenever something needs to be done for the child 44．According to paragraph 5, what is one major effect of the ideal of ‌“intensive mothering” on mothers? A．It leads moms to trust books, social media and parenting experts, so they feel surer about every decision. B．It makes moms feel they must pour in time and emotion only when their children are struggling or misbehaving. C．It keeps moms measured against a demanding standard where any tiredness or impatience is seen as failure. D．It encourages moms and dads to take turns planning, monitoring and improving themselves as equal caregivers. 45．Which of the following best sums up the main idea of the passage? A．It explains how expectations from home, work and media place heavier blame on moms than on dads. B．It advises working mothers to be extra careful when choosing playdates and nannies. C．It suggests if dads stopped working and stayed at home, double standards against mothers would disappear. D．It argues media images of crazy moms and heroic dads are a bigger problem than families or workplaces. 46．The passage mainly organized by opening with a TV drama scene and then ________. A．listing several real examples of moms being blamed, and finally accepting this as simply part of being a parent B．explaining why moms are born caregivers and implying that intensive mothering is a natural and desirable ideal C．focusing on dads going above and beyond, using them to argue that men face more unfair judgment than women D．contrasting how family, work and media treat moms and dads as caregivers, and calling for rewriting the story 【答案】43．D 44．C 45．A 46．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过一部电视剧的情节引入，探讨了社会对母亲和父亲在育儿责任上的双重标准：母亲被视为理所当然的主要照顾者，承担着“密集母职”的完美期待和随之而来的指责；而父亲则被视为辅助者，其少量参与便获得赞扬。文章呼吁公平地分担育儿责任和指责。 【详解】43．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In many families, the mother is treated as the “default parent”. She is the one schools call first, the one who remembers every deadline and appointment.(在许多家庭中，母亲被视为“默认家长”。她是学校第一个打电话联系的人，是记住每个截止日期和预约的人)”可知，“默认家长”指的是那个在孩子需要时被自动联系和依靠的家长。故选D项。 44．细节理解题。根据第五段中“In the past few decades, an ideal of ‌“intensive mothering” has spread through books, social media and parenting experts. The good mother is expected to pour in time, emotion and money, constantly planning, monitoring and improving herself. Any moment of tiredness or impatience can be read as proof that she is not trying hard enough.(过去几十年间，“密集母职”理念通过书籍、社交媒体和育儿专家之口广泛传播。理想的母亲被期待投入大量时间、情感与金钱，持续规划、监督并自我提升。任何一丝疲惫或不耐烦都可能被视为不够努力的证明)”可知，“密集母职”观念的主要影响是让母亲们始终被一个严苛的标准所衡量，任何疲惫或不耐烦都被视为失败。故选C项。 45．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇以电视剧情节引出母亲面临指责的社会现象；第三段“many eyes instinctively turn to the mother”指出社会目光本能地转向母亲而父亲隐入背景；第四段阐释母亲作为“默认家长”被问责；第五段说明“密集母职”理想对母亲的苛刻要求；第六段对比父亲被塑造成“额外帮手”的形象；第七段论述职场和媒体如何加深这一双重标准；结尾呼吁“rewrite this story and share care and blame more fairly(改写这个故事，更公平地分担关爱与指责)”。全文核心论点是：来自家庭、职场和媒体的社会期待，使母亲承受比父亲更重的指责。A项“It explains how expectations from home, work and media place heavier blame on moms than on dads.(文章解释了为什么家庭、工作和媒体对母亲的指责比对父亲的期望更重)”准确概括了这一主旨。故选A项。 46．推理判断题。根据文章结构，第一段以电视剧情节引入“母亲被指责”的现象；第二至第七段分别从家庭角色分工(default parent和extra helper)、社会观念(intensive mothering)、职场偏见和媒体呈现等多个维度，对比母亲和父亲在育儿中的不同处境与评价；末段总结这一对比，并呼吁改变。由此可见，文章通过开篇引入戏剧场景，然后系统对比家庭、职场和媒体对待父母双方的方式，最后发出呼吁。选项D“contrasting how family, work and media treat moms and dads as caregivers, and calling for rewriting the story(对比家庭、职场和媒体如何对待作为照顾者的母亲和父亲，并呼吁重新书写故事)”准确概括了这一组织方式。故选D项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Emerging Industry of AI Companions: Opportunities and Risks A new industry centered on AI companions is rapidly taking shape, bringing profound impacts on society and the very definition of human connection. Across the globe, more people are forming bonds with AI entities — whether as virtual friends, mentors, therapists, or romantic partners. This trend has been driven by advances in large language models (LLMs). 47 Dedicated apps like Character.AI and China’s Maoxiang boast millions of monthly active users, while even productivity tools like ChatGPT are being customized into ideal companions. These AIs offer 24/7 availability, unconditional support, and personalized interactions that real-life relationships often lack, appealing to groups like young people, the elderly, and those with limited social opportunities. 48 Studies show they can temporarily alleviate loneliness more effectively than other online activities, help improve communication skills, and provide an outlet for emotional venting. For the disabled and elderly, they serve as accessible companions, while some users credit them with enhancing their real-life relationships. However, significant risks persist. 49 AI’s tendency to cater to users’ desires can foster unrealistic expectations of real relationships and even enable harmful thoughts through blind agreement. Teenagers and those with mental health issues are particularly vulnerable, leading to calls for stricter safeguards. Additionally, users face risks from sudden app updates that alter AI personalities and from potential privacy violations as they share sensitive information. As regulators step up scrutiny (审查) and firms introduce protective measures, AI companions are expanding into hardware like smart toys and elderly care robots. 50 : making full use of its benefits while reducing risks to ensure it enriches rather than diminishes human connection. A．AI companions bring tangible benefits. B．They enable AI to mimic human emotions, show empathy, and remember personal details of users. C．Over-reliance on AI may displace normal social interactions, with research linking heavy usage to increased loneliness. D．This emerging industry offers great potential but requires careful balance. E．Most AI companions are designed to prioritize user satisfaction over moral guidance. F．Technological breakthroughs have made AI companions more affordable for ordinary consumers. 【答案】47．B 48．A 49．E 50．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍AI伴侣新兴产业的发展现状、驱动因素、带来的益处、存在的风险及发展所需的平衡。 【详解】47．根据上文“This trend has been driven by advances in large language models (LLMs).(这一趋势是由大型语言模型（LLMs）的进步推动的)”以及下文“Dedicated apps like Character.AI and China’s Maoxiang boast millions of monthly active users, while even productivity tools like ChatGPT are being customized into ideal companions.(像Character.AI和中国的猫享这样的专用应用程序拥有数百万月活跃用户，甚至像ChatGPT这样的生产力工具也被定制成理想的伴侣)”可知，此处应衔接大型语言模型的进步对AI伴侣的作用，说明其如何推动这一趋势。B选项“They enable AI to mimic human emotions, show empathy, and remember personal details of users.(它们使AI能够模仿人类的情感、表现出同理心，并记住用户的个人细节)”中的They指代上文的advances in large language models (LLMs)，解释了技术进步如何让AI成为理想伴侣，衔接上下文，符合语境。故选B项。 48．根据下文“Studies show they can temporarily alleviate loneliness more effectively than other online activities, help improve communication skills, and provide an outlet for emotional venting. For the disabled and elderly, they serve as accessible companions, while some users credit them with enhancing their real-life relationships.(研究表明，它们比其他在线活动能更有效地暂时缓解孤独感，帮助提高沟通能力，并提供情绪宣泄的渠道。对于残疾人和老年人来说，它们是容易获得的伴侣，而一些用户认为它们改善了自己的现实人际关系)”可知，下文主要介绍AI伴侣带来的各种好处，此处应作为段落主旨句，引出下文的具体益处。A选项“AI companions bring tangible benefits.(AI伴侣带来了切实的好处)”概括了下文内容，符合语境。故选A项。 49．根据上文“However, significant risks persist.(然而，重大风险依然存在)”以及下文“AI’s tendency to cater to users’ desires can foster unrealistic expectations of real relationships and even enable harmful thoughts through blind agreement.(AI倾向于迎合用户的愿望，这会助长人们对现实关系的不切实际期望，甚至通过盲目认同来助长有害想法)”可知，此处应具体说明AI伴侣存在的风险，且与下文AI迎合用户愿望的内容相呼应。E选项“Most AI companions are designed to prioritize user satisfaction over moral guidance.(大多数AI伴侣的设计优先考虑用户满意度，而非道德引导)”既体现了AI伴侣的风险，又解释了下文AI迎合用户、盲目认同的原因，符合语境。故选E项。 50．根据上文“As regulators step up scrutiny (审查) and firms introduce protective measures, AI companions are expanding into hardware like smart toys and elderly care robots.(随着监管机构加强审查，企业推出保护措施，AI伴侣正扩展到智能玩具和老年护理机器人等硬件领域)”以及下文“making full use of its benefits while reducing risks to ensure it enriches rather than diminishes human connection.(充分利用其好处，同时降低风险，确保它丰富而非减少人类的联系)”可知，此处应衔接AI伴侣的发展现状，提出其发展需要平衡好处与风险，下文是对该平衡的具体解释。D选项“This emerging industry offers great potential but requires careful balance.(这个新兴产业潜力巨大，但需要谨慎平衡)”既肯定了产业潜力，又点出“平衡”这一核心，衔接下文的具体说明，符合语境。故选D项。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. It is from your parents that you first learn language. This learning involves much more time than mere accent (重音) and vocabulary. You are taught that often you must concern yourself with other people’s feelings and needs instead of your own. You learn to say “I’m sorry” even in a situation when you clearly are not wrong, or to say, “That was a delicious lunch” when you thought it was just the opposite. You learn that different clothing and behaviour are appropriate at the public swimming pool, at the family dinner table, and at other places. Parents also teach their children social skills. In learning to get along with other people, for example, you are taught when to say “Please” and “Thank you”. Some children are taught that language can be a pleasure itself, in the form of jokes, poems, and stories. Some children are taught that in our society it usually is more acceptable to use verbal rather than physical means to get what one wants. For example, most people say “Excuse me” instead of simply pushing through a crowd. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Parents are their children’s first teachers who help them learn appropriate conduct through language. Children are taught to be considerate of others’ concern as well as their own. Parents also teach them how to behave socially. This requires that they know when to say what to another person and how to dress in a socially accepted manner. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母是孩子的第一任老师，他们通过语言帮助孩子学习适当的行为。孩子们被教导要像关心自己一样关心别人。父母也教他们如何社交。这就要求他们知道什么时候该对别人说什么，以及如何以社会接受的方式穿着。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①It is from your parents that you first learn language. ②This learning involves much more time than mere accent (重音) and vocabulary. ③You are taught that often you must concern yourself with other people’s feelings and needs instead of your own. ④You learn that different clothing and behaviour are appropriate at the public swimming pool, at the family dinner table, and at other places. ⑤Parents also teach their children social skills. In learning to get along with other people, for example, you are taught when to say “Please” and “Thank you”. ⑥In learning to get along with other people, for example, you are taught when to say “Please” and “Thank you”. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、5要点进行简化，将第4、6两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Parents are their children’s first teachers who help them learn appropriate conduct through language. Children are taught to be considerate of others’ concern as well as their own. Parents also teach them how to behave socially. This requires that they know when to say what to another person and how to dress in a socially accepted manner. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Parents are their children’s first teachers who help them learn appropriate conduct through language.其中who引导的定语从句表达高级。 [高分句型2] This requires that they know when to say what to another person and how to dress in a socially accepted manner.用that引导的宾语从句及疑问词加不定式对第二段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．重要的是我们应该为人类的文明做出贡献。(matter) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What matters is that we should contribute to human civilization. 【详解】考查主语从句和短语。陈述事实用一般现在时。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物故用what；表示“重要”用动词matter；后跟that引导的表语从句，主语为we；表示“为……做出贡献”短语为contribute to，且should后跟动词原形；表示“人类的文明”为human civilization。故翻译为What matters is that we should contribute to human civilization. 53．虽然人们已经意识到了食品安全问题，但是还是为此付出了沉重的代价。(aware) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Though people have been aware of the problem of food safety, they have paid/paid a heavy price for it. 【详解】考查时态、短语和让步状语从句。句子前半部分“虽然人们已经意识到了食品安全问题”中，“意识到”根据提示词用固定短语be aware of表达。根据汉语“已经意识到”强调从过去持续至今的认知状态，因此需用现在完成时have been aware of；“食品安全问题”对应英文the problem of food safety。后半部分“但是还是为此付出了沉重的代价”中，为……付出沉重代价”用短语pay a heavy price for表达。根据汉语提示，“付出了沉重的代价”强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果（即“付出代价”的状态持续到现在，或其后果至今仍存在），用现在完成时have paid a heavy price for，若语境更侧重动作在过去（不强调对现在的直接影响），用一般过去时paid a heavy price for也符合语意。此处for后需接宾语，结合语境，宾语指代前文的“食品安全问题”，因此用代词it替代。根据语意，前后句为让步关系，用连词though引导让步状语从句。综上，结合汉语提示及语法规则，翻译为Though people have been aware of the problem of food safety, they have paid/paid a heavy price for it。 54．从参观者的表情来看，他们对展品非常满意并惊叹于古代工匠的精妙设计。 ( judge) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Judging from the visitors’ expressions, they were content with the exhibits and amazed at the delicate designs of ancient craftsmen. 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般过去时表过去情况。表示“从……来看”应用judging from；表示“参观者的表情”应用the visitors’ expressions，作介词后宾语；表示“他们”应用they；表示“对……非常满意”应用were content with，为固定搭配；表示“展品”应用the exhibits，作介词后宾语；表示“惊叹于”应用were amazed at，和前面were content with为并列谓语，这里可省略were；表示“古代工匠的精妙设计”应用the delicate designs of ancient craftsmen。故翻译为Judging from the visitors’ expressions, they were content with the exhibits and amazed at the delicate designs of ancient craftsmen. 55．为了减少碳足迹，政府呼吁市民们立刻采取行动，先回收所有的包装再把废品扔进垃圾场。 (appeal) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To reduce carbon footprint, the government appealed to the citizens to take immediate action and recycle all the packages before throwing the waste into the rubbish dump. 【详解】考查动词不定式、名词、动词短语、介词和时态。根据句意以及句子提示词可知， “为了减少碳足迹”：在英语中，常用“To reduce...”这种动词不定式结构来表示目的，“carbon footprint”是“碳足迹”的固定表达，所以这里翻译为“To reduce carbon footprint”。“政府呼吁市民们”：“呼吁某人做某事”的动词短语是“appeal to sb. to do sth.”，“政府”是 “the government”，“市民们”是“the citizens”，所以此部分翻译为“the government appealed to the citizens to...”。这里用一般过去时“appealed”，因为在实际语境中，呼吁这个动作通常是已经发生过的。“立刻采取行动”：“采取行动”是动词短语“take action”，“立刻”可以用“immediate”来修饰“action”，即“take immediate action”。“先回收所有的包装”：“回收”是“recycle”，“所有的包装”是名词短语“all the packages”，所以这部分是“recycle all the packages”。“再把废品扔进垃圾场”：“在……之前”用“before”，“扔”是动词“throw”，“废品”是名词“the waste”，“垃圾场”是名词短语“the rubbish dump”，“before”是介词，后接动词-ing 形式，所以是“before throwing the waste into the rubbish dump”。故翻译为：To reduce carbon footprint, the government appealed to the citizens to take immediate action and recycle all the packages before throwing the waste into the rubbish dump. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学高一学生李华，你校正在进行“行走中国”主题的英语征文大赛，现请你给学生会投稿，参加征文比赛，结合你的旅游经历谈谈你如何理解旅行的意义。 你的作文需包括： 1.你的一段“行走中国”旅行经历： 2.你对旅行意义的理解。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】                                                                  A Personal Journey Through China      As a freshman of Mingqi High School, I am very excited to take part in the English essay contest with the theme of “Traveling Around China”.      Last summer, I embarked on a journey to the ancient city of Xi’an, which is a place rich in history and culture. Walking past the Terracotta Warriors, I was struck by their intricate details and the sheer size of the statues, each of which stood guard over the tomb of China’s first emperor for more than two millennia.      For me, the meaning of travel is not just about the scenery you see or the places you visit. Rather, it is a journey of self-discovery and personal growth. Travel allows us to step out of our comfort zones, embrace new experiences, and learn about different cultures and traditions. It fosters empathy and understanding and helps us appreciate human interconnectedness. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“行走中国”为主题，写一篇文章，给校学生会投稿，结合自己的旅游经历谈谈如何理解旅行的意义。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：excited →thrilled 意义：meaning→significance 培养：foster→cultivate 参加：take part in→participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As a freshman of Mingqi High School, I am very excited to take part in the English essay contest with the theme of “Traveling Around China”. 拓展句：As a freshman of Mingqi High School, I am very excited to take part in the English essay contest, the theme of which is “Traveling Around China”. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Last summer, I embarked on a journey to the ancient city of Xi’an, which is a place rich in history and culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Walking past the Terracotta Warriors, I was struck by their intricate details and the sheer size of the statues, each of which stood guard over the tomb of China’s first emperor for more than two millennia. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句) 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高一上学期期中模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Adults are often ashamed to ask for help. Seeking someone’s help can make you feel like you 1 (broadcast) your inability. New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school for the same reason. Kayla Good, a graduate student at Stanford University, and Alex Shaw, 2 associate professor of psychology at the University of Chicago, applied a classic technique to learn more about 3 children think about reputation: Across several studies, they asked 576 children aged four to nine, 4 (predict) the behavior of two characters, Tom and Jack, in a story. Tom genuinely wanted to be smart, and Jack only wanted to seem smart to others. In one study, they told children both characters did poorly on a test, and asked which of them would be 5 (likely) to raise their hands in front of their class to ask the teacher for help. The four-year-olds were equally likely to choose 6 of the two characters as the one who would seek help. But by age seven or eight, children thought Jack would be less likely to ask for help. And children’s expectations were truly “reputational” in nature — they were specially thinking about how the characters would act in front of peers. They could still imagine situations 7 Jack would seek help: when it could 8 (seek) privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it. Given the findings, it seems quite possible 9 when children themselves are the ones struggling, they, too, might avoid seeking out help if they are concerned about reputation. So, the unwillingness to seek help when others are present could clearly hold back learning progress. To improve in any field, one must work hard, take on challenging tasks, and ask questions. However, the situation can be difficult when someone is concerned about their impressions 10 others. Section B Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．issue   B．engaging   C． panicking   D．reminded   E. addressing   AB．mirror   AC． cure AD．rooted   AE. stress   BC． informed   BD．schedule Why You Still Have Stress Dreams about School It’s the morning of your big exam. But you’re 11 because you haven’t been to a single class all semester. Thankfully, it’s just a dream. But why those dreams, even after your graduation? Dr. Alex Dimitriu, a sleep medicine doctor, says that such dreams may 12 stress in your day-to-day life. But dreaming specifically about feeling unprepared at school might be 13 in similar memories during formative school years in people’s lives. Another explanation is that people may be 14 of school based on the time of year. For instance, the end of August and beginning of September may bring back vivid memories or dreams of school, since that’s when the academic year starts. These types of dreams are so common that having them occasionally isn’t typically something to be concerned about. But if you’ re having them a lot, that could be a sign of another 15 , such as having too much stress in your life. Dimitriu recommends that people try 16 that stress either by making a change in their life to eliminate it or finding ways to cope with it. Some people may also have such dreams because of poor sleep habits, Dimitriu says. He advocates that people go to bed and wake up at roughly the same time each day, 17 some time to relax before bed and avoid eating large meals before going to sleep. “The human brain can’t go from 100 miles per hour to zero in 20 minutes,” he says. “I tell all my patients to turn tech off at 10—no screens, no emails for work, none of that. If you’ re even Amazon shopping right before bed, it’s too 18 , and that gets your brain active a little bit when your brain really needs to slow down.” He suggests that people try journaling to help process anything bothering them, which may also make them feel more prepared and can be a (n) 19 for stress dreams—like the one where you forget to show up for your final. Stress dreams are “a reminder to concentrate on relaxing, and a reminder to focus on sleep,” Dimitriu says. “I cannot 20 enough how important sleep is.” II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A It’s believed that clever people are better at learning languages. Most language learning skills, 21 , are habits, which can be formed through a bit of discipline. Here are the three most common 22 language learners make and how to correct them. Not listening enough There’s a school of language-teaching experts that believe language learning 23 a “silent period“. Just as babies learn to produce language by hearing and parroting sounds, language learners need to practise listening in order to learn. Listening is the communicative skill we use most in daily life, but it can be 24 to practise unless you live in a foreign country or attend language classes. The solution? Find music, podcasts, TV shows and movies in the 25 languages, and listen, listen, listen, as often as possible. A single method Some learners are most comfortable with the listen-and-repeat practice in a language lab. Some need a grammar textbook to 26 a foreign tongue. Each of these approaches is fine, but it’s a mistake to rely on only one. Language learners who use 27 methods get to practise different skills and see concepts explained in different ways. What’s more, the 28 can keep them from working in a situation that never changes. When choosing a class, learners should seek a course that 29 the four language skills (reading, writing, listening and speaking ). For self-study, try a 30 of textbooks, audio lessons, and language learning apps. 31 It doesn’t matter how well a person can write in foreign script, or finish a vocabulary test. To learn, improve, and truly use our language, we need to speak. This is the stage when language students should calm down, and feelings of 32 or unsafety hinder (阻碍) all their hard work. In Eastern cultures where saving face is a strong social value, EFL teachers often complain that students, despite years of studying English, simply will not speak it. They’re too 33 making mistakes of the grammar or mispronouncing words in a way that would 34 them. The key is that those mistakes help language learners by showing them the limits of language, and correcting errors 35 they become deep-rooted. The more learners speak and practise, the more quickly they improve. 21．A．however B．moreover C．furthermore D．therefore 22．A．successes B．wonders C．mistakes D．contributions 23．A．picks up B．begins with C．takes up D．meets with 24．A．efficient B．difficult C．easy D．pleasant 25．A．national B．official C．signal D．target 26．A．make sense of B．make use of C．make profit of D．make fun of 27．A．common B．educational C．lasting D．multiple 28．A．variety B．change C．improvement D．choices 29．A．delivers B．lacks C．measures D．includes 30．A．selection B．preference C．combination D．decoration 31．A．Complaints B．Fear C．Safety D．Limitation 32．A．humor B．shyness C．achievements D．laughter 33．A．confident in B．comfortable with C．keen on D．afraid of 34．A．amaze B．ignore C．ruin D．embarrass 35．A．if B．before C．in case D．so that Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A “Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” It rests on a national stereotype (刻板印象): Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waving supposedly goes to prove it. Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago holds that people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. Basically, everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologise for not having made any — but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. All this suggests that, to some extent, thinking is not all done in your head. The gesture under discussion here is mostly the “co-speech” kind. It is much more abstract than mime (默剧) . Nor are these “typical” gestures like a thumbs-up or a finger over the lips for “Silence!” Like words, those are fixed within cultures (but vary between them). Instead, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words — while their hands make a running motion. Practical advice is also included in the book. Teachers are encouraged both to use gestures themselves and to observe those their students make. Therapists (治疗师) can be trained to look out for gestures hinting that patients are thinking something they are not yet ready to say. Children with language delays caused by brain injuries at or around birth, but who nonetheless gesture as much as their peers, are likely to catch up orally by the age of about 30 months. Those who gesture less are more likely to need intensive early intervention. Children with Down’s syndrome may express themselves better when taught to use a mix of gesture and speech rather than speech alone. No one who reads this book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is an effective aid to both. 36．Why is the old joke about Italians mentioned in the passage? A．To introduce the topic of gestures’ roles in thinking and communication. B．To explain why the hands are so important for Italians in self-expression. C．To show the author’s enthusiasm for old jokes about national stereotypes. D．To confirm that Italians are more talkative and emotional than other people. 37．Which of the following statements best describes the “gestures” discussed in the book? A．They are as concrete as mime and can stand alone to express ideas. B．They are similar to mime and mainly used to show silent emotions. C．They are like a thumbs-up bearing the same meaning across all cultures. D．They are abstract, tied to speech, and different from fixed cultural signs. 38．In what ways can gestures be applied to practice according to the passage? A．Instructing caregivers to replace speech with gestures for children with language delays. B．Guiding educators to adjust their gestures in teaching based on students’ gestural signals. C．Enabling therapists to master techniques in interpreting patients’ unspoken thoughts via gestures. D．Advising individuals to increase gesturing frequency to enhance emotional expression in speech. 39．The underlined word “intervention” (Line 6, Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to____________. A．strict rules made to correct bad behavior B．daily care given to support children’s growth C．simple advice offered to guide language learning D．professional help provided to improve a condition B Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour is a unique international resource to explore the life’s work of the greatest English-language playwright to have ever lived. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about Shakespeare and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him. ·  Group Visits to the Exhibition & Tour Opening Hours Theatre Tours: Monday to Sunday 9:30 am to 5:00 pm Exhibition: Monday to Saturday 9:00 am to 5:00 pm Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own tour guide. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email.  Exhibition and Tour Prices Adult:   £15.00 Senior (60+):   £13.50 Student (with valid ID):  £11.50 Children (5-15):   £8.00 Complimentary:   every 16th person free ·  Getting here Shakespeare’s Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SE1 9DT, UK We currently have enhanced security, with all bags being checked. Please arrive in good time. Do not bring any large bags. By car and taxi Where possible, visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi. There is a car park on Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge. Black cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one up from outside the main foyer (大厅) on New Globe Walk. ·  Where to eat Swan at Shakespeare’s Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors. Swan Restaurant Monday-Friday: 12 noon-2:30 pm & 6:00 pm-10:30 pm Saturday: 12 noon-3:30 pm & 6:00 pm-10:30 pm Sunday: 12 noon-9:00 pm * Last admission is 30 minutes prior to closing time. 40．When can you pay a visit to the exhibition? A．8:35 am on Monday. B．2:35 pm on Friday. C．5:35 pm on Saturday. D．4:35 pm on Sunday. 41．Which of the following applies to visitors? A．Taxi services are accessible near Southwark Bridge. B．They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge. C．They are required to deposit their bags before entering. D．It’s more convenient to drive there than to go by public transport. 42．The passage is meant to ________. A．encourage readers to travel around London B．help inspire readers’ enthusiasm for Shakespeare’s works C．alert readers to the history of a unique international resource D．inform readers about Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour C In All Her Fault, the latest TV drama released this month, Marrisa Irvine rushes to pick up her child from a playdate , but there is a problem as soon as she gets there: the person who answers the door has no idea who her child is — or who she is. ‌“I think you’ve got the wrong house,” they say. Her child has disappeared. The questions come fast and furious: Who made the playdate? Who checked out the nanny? Did mom really need to be at work? Like the title suggests, All Her Fault explores how women get stretched trying to strike a balance between a career and children — and get blamed if anything goes wrong. People often say that mothers are ‌“born caregivers”, yet in real life this praise soon turns into blame. When a child struggles at school or misbehaves in public, many eyes instinctively turn to the mother, while the father quietly fades into the background. In many families, the mother is treated as the ‌“default parent”. She is the one schools call first, the one who remembers every deadline and appointment. Because she is seen as the person most ‌“in charge”, people also feel free to hold her most accountable. Success is described as ‌“a devoted mother’s effort”, but failure is judged as ‌“a mother’s mistake”. In the past few decades, an ideal of ‌“intensive mothering” has spread through books, social media and parenting experts. The good mother is expected to pour in time, emotion and money, constantly planning, monitoring and improving herself. Any moment of tiredness or impatience can be read as proof that she is not trying hard enough. Fathers, however, are often placed in a different story line. In this script, a father is an extra helper rather than a full partner, and his main duty is assumed to be ‌“making a living”. When he occasionally cooks dinner or takes the child to the park, he is praised as a model dad going ‌“above and beyond”. The workplace and the media deepen this double standard. Mothers are seen as less hardworking employees once they have children, while fathers are seen as more reliable and mature. On screen and online, mothers who lose their temper are labelled as ‌“crazy” or ‌“toxic”, while fathers doing even the least are celebrated as heroes. So it is not that fathers are naturally more responsible or less at fault. Rather, society has written motherhood as a full-time responsibility that must be perfect, and fatherhood as optional extra credit. Until we rewrite this story and share care and blame more fairly, mothers will continue to stand in the harsh light of criticism while many fathers remain in the shadows. 43．In paragraph 4, the ‌“default parent” is the parent who ________. A．is mainly praised when the child succeeds, even if others also helped B．is blamed in public when something goes wrong but rarely given credit when things go well C．steps in as an extra helper only when the other caregiver is too busy making a living for the family D．is automatically contacted and relied on whenever something needs to be done for the child 44．According to paragraph 5, what is one major effect of the ideal of ‌“intensive mothering” on mothers? A．It leads moms to trust books, social media and parenting experts, so they feel surer about every decision. B．It makes moms feel they must pour in time and emotion only when their children are struggling or misbehaving. C．It keeps moms measured against a demanding standard where any tiredness or impatience is seen as failure. D．It encourages moms and dads to take turns planning, monitoring and improving themselves as equal caregivers. 45．Which of the following best sums up the main idea of the passage? A．It explains how expectations from home, work and media place heavier blame on moms than on dads. B．It advises working mothers to be extra careful when choosing playdates and nannies. C．It suggests if dads stopped working and stayed at home, double standards against mothers would disappear. D．It argues media images of crazy moms and heroic dads are a bigger problem than families or workplaces. 46．The passage mainly organized by opening with a TV drama scene and then ________. A．listing several real examples of moms being blamed, and finally accepting this as simply part of being a parent B．explaining why moms are born caregivers and implying that intensive mothering is a natural and desirable ideal C．focusing on dads going above and beyond, using them to argue that men face more unfair judgment than women D．contrasting how family, work and media treat moms and dads as caregivers, and calling for rewriting the story Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Emerging Industry of AI Companions: Opportunities and Risks A new industry centered on AI companions is rapidly taking shape, bringing profound impacts on society and the very definition of human connection. Across the globe, more people are forming bonds with AI entities — whether as virtual friends, mentors, therapists, or romantic partners. This trend has been driven by advances in large language models (LLMs). 47 Dedicated apps like Character.AI and China’s Maoxiang boast millions of monthly active users, while even productivity tools like ChatGPT are being customized into ideal companions. These AIs offer 24/7 availability, unconditional support, and personalized interactions that real-life relationships often lack, appealing to groups like young people, the elderly, and those with limited social opportunities. 48 Studies show they can temporarily alleviate loneliness more effectively than other online activities, help improve communication skills, and provide an outlet for emotional venting. For the disabled and elderly, they serve as accessible companions, while some users credit them with enhancing their real-life relationships. However, significant risks persist. 49 AI’s tendency to cater to users’ desires can foster unrealistic expectations of real relationships and even enable harmful thoughts through blind agreement. Teenagers and those with mental health issues are particularly vulnerable, leading to calls for stricter safeguards. Additionally, users face risks from sudden app updates that alter AI personalities and from potential privacy violations as they share sensitive information. As regulators step up scrutiny (审查) and firms introduce protective measures, AI companions are expanding into hardware like smart toys and elderly care robots. 50 : making full use of its benefits while reducing risks to ensure it enriches rather than diminishes human connection. A．AI companions bring tangible benefits. B．They enable AI to mimic human emotions, show empathy, and remember personal details of users. C．Over-reliance on AI may displace normal social interactions, with research linking heavy usage to increased loneliness. D．This emerging industry offers great potential but requires careful balance. E．Most AI companions are designed to prioritize user satisfaction over moral guidance. F．Technological breakthroughs have made AI companions more affordable for ordinary consumers. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. It is from your parents that you first learn language. This learning involves much more time than mere accent (重音) and vocabulary. You are taught that often you must concern yourself with other people’s feelings and needs instead of your own. You learn to say “I’m sorry” even in a situation when you clearly are not wrong, or to say, “That was a delicious lunch” when you thought it was just the opposite. You learn that different clothing and behaviour are appropriate at the public swimming pool, at the family dinner table, and at other places. Parents also teach their children social skills. In learning to get along with other people, for example, you are taught when to say “Please” and “Thank you”. Some children are taught that language can be a pleasure itself, in the form of jokes, poems, and stories. Some children are taught that in our society it usually is more acceptable to use verbal rather than physical means to get what one wants. For example, most people say “Excuse me” instead of simply pushing through a crowd. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．重要的是我们应该为人类的文明做出贡献。(matter) ___________________________________________________________________________ 53．虽然人们已经意识到了食品安全问题，但是还是为此付出了沉重的代价。(aware) ___________________________________________________________________________ 54．从参观者的表情来看，他们对展品非常满意并惊叹于古代工匠的精妙设计。 ( judge) ___________________________________________________________________________ 55．为了减少碳足迹，政府呼吁市民们立刻采取行动，先回收所有的包装再把废品扔进垃圾场。 (appeal) ___________________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学高一学生李华，你校正在进行“行走中国”主题的英语征文大赛，现请你给学生会投稿，参加征文比赛，结合你的旅游经历谈谈你如何理解旅行的意义。 你的作文需包括： 1.你的一段“行走中国”旅行经历： 2.你对旅行意义的理解。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $