北京汇文中学教育集团2026-2027学年度第一学期高三年级适应性测试(一) 英语

北京汇文中学教育集团2026‑2027学年度第一学期 高三年级适应性测试(一) 英语 本试卷共12页，试卷分值为100分，考试时长90分钟，请考生务必在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 After winning a million euros, a woman mistakenly tossed the lucky lottery ticket into a trash bin. But the local Sanitation company in southern Italy 1 an hours‑long search through an entire truck of trash. Waste management company SANB administrator Roberto Nicola Toscano told AFP news agency that the ticket was found "miraculously still in one piece". The story begins with a simple misunderstanding. When the woman went to redeem (兑现) her ticket at the machine inside her local tobacconist, she did so without checking the numbers. It told her that the ticket was“non-payable”. "Funny and almost tragic enough, this can mean one of two things: either there are no winnings on the ticket, or the winnings are too 2 to be redeemed by the small shop." The woman 3 the ticket away thinking it was the former case, but a family member noticed the winning numbers were the ones she always 4 —associated as they were with a loved one—and called her to ask if she'd bought a ticket. Realizing her mistake, the 5 rushed to the shop only to be told that the trash had already been 6 . They received the woman's frantic phone call and Toscano began to try and reconstruct the ticket's 7 . Believing they'd identified where it might be 8 , the truck in question was transferred to a special station equipped with safety measures to protect sanitation workers from potentially dangerous material inside the trash. After searching for a whole day, the staff 9 the ticket to the woman's tearful delight. German news outlet DW quoted Toscano as telling Corriere della Sera that "professionalism, organization, and a great deal of luck made the moment happen", and that the added cost to taxpayers of the search would be covered as an offered courtesy of the lucky winner. It's a double stroke of luck, and a reminder never to give up searching for your lost 10 . 1. A. launched  B. conveyed  C. invested  D. consulted 2. A. expensive  B. complicated  C. substantial  D. primitive 3. A. released  B. gave  C. put  D. threw 4. A. imagined  B. played  C. hit  D. seized 5. A. couple  B. relative  C. family  D. pair 6. A. taken away  B. turned down  C. shaved off  D. burnt out 7. A. cue  B. journey  C. imagery  D. value 8. A. crushed  B. disposed  C. hidden  D. assigned 9. A. recovered  B.returned   C. restored  D. refreshed 10.  A. fits  B. footprints  C. commitments  D. possessions 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A Tibetan antelopes are very graceful animals, which live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. They were in danger because many of them were hunted illegally for their valuable fur. Their population 11 (drop) more than 50 percent between the 1980s and 1990s. In order to save this species from 12 (die), the Chinese government placed it under national protection and since then some effective measures 13 (take). In June 2021, the Tibetan antelope 14 （remove） from the endangered species list thanks to its increasing population. However, the government continues the protection programmes because the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. B Tom Jackson spent his first Spring Festival with his host family. A week before the festival, preparations 15 (make). The house was cleaned from top to bottom. Mrs Chen, Tom's host mother, said this was 16 (sweep) away of the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year. She also attached the Chinese character Fu upside down 17 the front door to welcome happiness. Tom also learnt that past year letting off fireworks was to scare away the monsters Nian. C It can be a big challenge to find and keep the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites. However, big challenges can sometimes lead to great solutions. When the Egyptian government suggested 18 (build) the Aswan Dam, they 19 (face) with various problems, including the risks of destroying an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage. As a result, the government turned to the UN for help in 1959. A committee 20 (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. When the project was completed, it was considered a great success. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A SoFi Stadium is the go‑to destination in the heart of Los Angeles for sports fans. Its calendar is always packed with headline‑grabbing events. Upcoming Football Events Los Angeles Rams v Dallas Cowboys Saturday, August 9 4:00 PM Los Angeles Chargers v New Orleans Saints Sunday, August 10 5:00 PM Los Angeles Chargers v Los Angeles Rams Saturday, August 16 4:00 PM Los Angeles Rams v Houston Texans Sunday, August 24 1:25 PM Nearby Hotels When attending an event at SoFi Stadium, you're just a short walk or ride from several comfortable and classy hotels. Right across the street, Sonder Lum Hotel offers good rooms and rooftop pool. A mile away, the Hotel Los Angeles with its stylish design, is ideal for a nice stay between events. For those seeking both comfort and convenience, the Renaissance Los Angeles Airport Hotel is just a short drive away. If you're willing to drive a little further, the Ritz‑Carlton Los Angeles promises luxurious rooms and extensive leisure facilities — perfect for turning a game day into a great weekend escape. Parking SoFi Stadium requires you to park strictly in your assigned zone, and guests must enter through the exact gate indicated on their color‑coded digital parking pass. If you enter through the wrong access point, you'll be turned around and redirected — so plan ahead. Each parking zone consists of multiple lots, designed to efficiently manage traffic across the venue's network. Make sure to download your parking pass to your smartphone before arrival. Upon entering the correct zone, parking staff will guide you directly to a space. For those wishing to park near friends, all vehicles must have passes for the same zone and arrive together‑ spaces cannot be saved. 21. Which team will play the most games at the stadium this month? A. Dallas Cowboys. B. Los Angeles Rams. C. Los Angeles Chargers. D. New Orleans Saints. 22. Which hotel is nearest to the stadium? A. Sonder Lum Hotel. B. The Ritz‑Carlton Los Angeles. C. The Hotel Los Angeles. D. The Renaissance Los Angeles Airport Hotel. 23. What should you do before arriving at the stadium for parking? A. Call the parking staff. B. Prepay the parking fee. C. Obtain a parking pass. D. Choose a parking zone. B In early 2023, I embarked on a voyage to the Galapagos Islands. It was on Floreana Island's windswept shore that I encountered a weathered whisky barrel‑the legendary Post Office Bay mailbox. It was first used by sailors in 1793 to send mail back home: they would leave a letter and take any addressed to their next port of call to deliver them by hand. It's still used by tourists. People will leave a letter and take one that they are able to hand‑deliver to their next destination. The barrel was full with postcards waiting for delivery. I took a couple home and delivered them with delight — one to a teacher from her pupil, and another from a girl to her boyfriend. The recipients were incredibly grateful. Weeks later, I couldn't stop thinking about the letters. Then I thought what if I spent a year delivering more letters from that postbox? I realised I could keep my remote job, and at the same time travel the world delivering post, using air miles and working along the way. By March 2024, I returned to Galapagos. I picked out 55 letters and postcards that covered a large geographic area. I aimed to deliver one a week, covering at least 52 countries and spanning all seven continents. I'm 52 and very outgoing, but I'm aware that nowadays people are cautious of speaking to one another. Delivering letter number 9, in Bergen, Norway, I almost got arrested. The lady who answered the door didn't believe my story and mistook my selfie stick for a weapon, so she called the police. I had to show the officers my GPS location history to prove what I was doing, and we all ended up laughing together. My favourite delivery was letter eight, in Mexico City, from a daughter to her mother, thanking her for letting her follow her dreams. The mother had been very ill, and her daughter wanted to come home from her travels to look after her, but she insisted her daughter should continue with her trip. I'm still in touch with both of them. When I finished my challenge in March this year, I held a party in London and invited everyone I'd met along the way. People came from all over the world. I was so touched and humbled. I've made friends for life. 24. How was mail delivered at Post Office Bay in the 18th century? A. By regular local messengers. B. By sailors stationed on the islands. C. By private postal service on the islands. D. By hand‑delivery to the next destination. 25. The author decide to return to Galapagos because she ______. A. was assigned to handle some remote work B. was concerned about the delivery of the letters C. intended to use her air miles before the deadline D. wanted to check the letters in the deserted barrel 26. What is the author’s personality? A. Positive and curious. B. Determined and caring. C. Passionate but serious. D. Brave but introverted. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. New bonds grow out of the traditional practices. B. Letters hold magical power in the modern world. C. Each individual is the architect of their own success. D. Small acts of kindness bring huge emotional rewards. C In line with outstanding initiatives to expand its green effects, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city's trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground‑level ozone (臭氧)—a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. "We're all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things," said study coauthor Roist Commane. "But if we're not careful, we could make air quality worse." The Parks Department is not obviously oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. "We didn't make a big deal of that," said Noven Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. "We could plant any tree we want to, if we just rethink our car‑centric lifestyle," she said. "We're not going to go cutting down any big old oaks" and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones, said Auyeung. "You have to think about what you would lose if you do that." Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals. 28. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A. They affect the growth of other trees. B. They absorb less carbon than expected. C. They harm people's health indirectly. D. They raise the local temperature slowly. 29. Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study? A. Cutting down the isoprene‑producing trees. B. Suspending tree-planting for a few decades. C. Changing the species of trees in new plantings D. Removing isoprene released by existing trees. 30. What does the underlined phrase "oblivious to" in paragraph 4 mean? A. Honest about. B. Unaware of. C. Related to. D. Optimistic about. 31. What would Auyeung probably advocate? A. Reducing car use in daily life. B. Controlling population growth. C. Providing animals with new habitats. D. Doing more research on the problem. D Rooted in thermodynamics, entropy (熵) represents the measure of disorder in a system, and local entropy reduction, conversely, signifies the temporary creation of order within a subsystem, while increasing entropy in its surroundings. This concept does not challenge but operates within our fundamental understanding of the universe's tendency towards global entropy increase, and its implications stretch far beyond the field of physics. In the biological world, living organisms are remarkable examples of systems that actively maintain local entropy reduction as open systems. From the simplest single‑celled organisms to complex human beings, life maintains local order by consuming energy from its environment, while inevitably increasing the total entropy of the system and surroundings. Cells organize molecules into certain structures, organisms grow and develop in a structured manner‑all these processes require the intake of energy, which is then used to create and maintain order while increasing entropy in the surrounding environment. For instance, plants convert (转换) less than 1% of absorbed sunlight through photosynthesis into chemical energy to build complex organic molecules, while most energy is lost as heat, increasing environmental entropy. On a societal level, human societies metaphorically mimic entropy reduction by creating organizational structures through various means, such as laws, institutions, and cultural norms. These elements act as forces that counteract the chaos of individual desires and actions, bringing about a sense of stability and predictability. Education, for example, is a powerful tool for organizing society. It helps individuals structure their thoughts, develop decision‑making abilities, and contribute to the overall order and progress of the community. In technology, the pursuit of order drives innovation. Engineers and scientists constantly seek to create systems that improve energy efficiency, but all man‑made systems ultimately increase global entropy through waste heat and resource consumption. From the development of advanced computer algorithms that can sort and process vast amounts of data to the design of sustainable energy systems that convert low-grade energy into usable forms, each technological advancement represents a step towards greater practical organization, as we transform raw materials and complex information into useful products and meaningful knowledge. However, the concept of local entropy reduction also raises questions. While the creation of order is essential, there are limits to how much local entropy reduction can be achieved. All local order must be paid for by greater disorder elsewhere, as required by the second law of thermodynamics. Moreover, the pursuit of local order often comes at a cost. In our efforts to create structure, we may deplete resources, disrupt natural ecosystems, and generate new forms of disorder elsewhere. 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. Living organisms create order by releasing energy. B. Local entropy reduction follows the universe’s trend. C. New technologies help reduce global entropy increase. D. Creating local order causes greater disorder elsewhere. 33. What is the author’s attitude towards local entropy reduction? A. Sceptical. B. Cautious. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 34. What might be the best title of the passage? A. Order in Biology, Society, and Technology: A Comprehensive Analysis B. The Role of Entropy in Shaping Order: From Physics to Our Daily Life C. Local Order in a Disordered World: Entropy Beyond the Field of Physics D. The Conflict between Local and Global Entropy: A Futuristic Perspective 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one’s head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself. 35 Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talk and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. 36 People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one’s ability to deal with problems and hardships. 37 For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer (缓冲作用) against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress. 38 In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one’s life. It doesn’t have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. 39 Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one’s physical and mental health. A. It doesn’t cause any severe emotional discomfort, either. B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect. C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations. D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind. E. As thinking changes, an individual’s behaviour and habits change as well. F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking. G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 "What if…?" thinking is anytime you try to guess the future outcome of an action you take. For example, "I want to ask for a pay raise but what if…". Your mind then fills in the blank with many alternate scenarios, almost all of them negative. It's a powerful combination of focusing on the negative and the unrealistic. It causes you to suffer through events that may not even happen as you try to predict the future and work out how you'll cope with all these possible (yet unlikely) scenarios. But the absolute worst thing about "what if…" thinking though, is that it tries to convince you it's helping. You tell yourself that you're just preparing yourself; you're protecting yourself. But "what if…" thinking rarely leads to taking practical, preventative actions. Instead, you torture yourself by imagining all sorts of terrible outcomes, all in the name of being "prepared", the idea of which is captured beautifully by this quote: "Do not be fooled by 'what if…' thinking! You are not a fortune teller. Even if you were, mentally rehearsing how you'll cope with a negative outcome has limited usefulness. You're much better off just coping with the situation once when it happens." By torturing yourself imagining all the possible bad things that could happen, you end up living through all these horrible possibilities that you don't have to. Even if you do get it right, and one of the negative scenarios is the outcome, you're unlikely to remember your well‑rehearsed comeback or safety strategy in the heat of the moment. Another separate problem with "what if…?" thinking is that it makes you so fearful of all these potentially hideous outcomes that it stops you from actually living through the situation, if you can at all avoid it. By stopping yourself from acting, not only do you cut off the potential benefits of actually asking, but you also cut off the opportunity to see that your predictions were wrong‑because you don't test them out by entering the situation regardless. Unchallenged like this, "What if…" thinking seems like it actually protects you and seems even more "helpful" next time around. Once you've decided on a course of action, "what if…" has got much louder and soon will stop you from taking action. I like to not give them an opportunity. Once you've made a decision, force your own hand; make the phone call straight away, enroll and pay for the course, make an appointment in your calendar, etc before your fears and negativity even get a chance to get up off the couch. 40. What is "what if…" thinking? 41. What is the absolute worst thing about "what if…" thinking? 42. Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why. "What if…" thinking actually protects one because it cuts off the opportunity to see that one's predictions were wrong. 43. Briefly introduce one of your experiences of fighting "what if…" thinking. (In about 40 words) 第二节 应用文写作（20分） 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim得知你开学即将进入高三，特发来邮件询问你这一年要实现的目标以及为此在暑假做了哪些准备。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你的目标； 2. 暑假准备。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 答案与简要解释 一、完形填空 1–10 答案： 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 2. A 7. B 8.C 9.A 10. D 简释： 1. launched an hours-long search：发起长时间搜寻。 2. substantial：金额太大，小店无法兑付。 3. threw the ticket away：把票扔掉。 4. played：她常“买/玩”的号码，与亲人有关。 5. pair：指她和家人两人赶去商店。 6. taken away：垃圾已被运走。 7. journey：重建彩票的“踪迹/去向”。 8.：可能藏在哪里。 9. recovered：把票找回。 10. possessions：丢失的财物。 二、语法填空 11–20 答案： 11. dropped 时间 between the 1980s and 1990s，用一般过去时。 12. dying from dying：从灭绝/死亡中拯救。 13. have been taken since then 常与现在完成时连用，measures 与 take 是被动关系。 14. was removed In June 2021，过去被动。 15. were made 春节前一周，各项准备工作（被）着手进行。 16. to sweep be to do 表目的/将要：was to sweep away。 17. to attach... to the front door。 18. building suggest doing，用 building。 19. were faced be faced with 固定搭配，过去时 were faced。 20. was established committee 与 establish 是被动，1959 年过去，was established。 三、阅读理解 A 篇 21–23 答案：21. B 22. A23. C 简释： 21. Los Angeles Rams 出现 3 次，最多。 22. Sonder Lum Hotel 就在街对面，最近。 23. 文章说需提前下载 parking pass。 B 篇 24–27 答案：24. D 25. B 26. B 27. A 简释： 24. 18 世纪是 sailors 把信带到下一个港口并 hand-deliver。 25. 她一直惦记那些信，想继续递送。 26. 她坚持一年时间满世界送信、关心收信人，determined and caring 最合适。 27. 新的纽带源于传统习俗。People came from all over the world. I was so touched and humbled. I've made friends for life. to deliver letters by hand. C 篇 28–31 答案：28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 简释： 28. Oaks 和 sweetgums 产生 isoprene，间接形成臭氧，危害健康。 29. Commane 支持种树，但提醒要谨慎选择树种。 30. oblivious to = unaware of，没意识到。 31. Auyeung 说要反思 car-centric lifestyle，即减少用车。 D 篇 32–34 答案：32. D 33. B 34. C 简释： 32. 局部有序必须以别处更大的无序为代价。 33. 作者既承认其意义，也指出代价和限制，态度 cautious。 34. 全文讲局部熵减在物理之外的意义，C 最贴合。 四、七选五 35–39 答案： 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. G 39. A 简释： 35. 后文讲 positive thinking 可阻止 negative self-talk，因此前文应说负面自我对话的危害。 36. 后文列举积极思维对身心好处，D 是总起。 37. 承接“应对困难的能力”，C 说帮助保持清醒自信。 38. 前文讲悲观者，G 继续描述他们容易提前气馁。 39. 与前句“与盲目乐观无关”并列，A 说也不会造成严重情绪不适。 五、阅读表达 40–43 40. What is “what if...” thinking? It is the habit of imagining all the possible bad things that could happen in a situation. 41. What is the absolute worst thing about “what if...” thinking? It stops people from taking action, so they miss potential benefits and the chance to test whether their negative predictions are wrong. 42. 下划线部分： “What if...” thinking actually protects one because it cuts off the opportunity to see that one’s predictions were wrong. 解释： 文中说它只是“seems like”保护你，实际上它阻止行动，使你无法检验预测，因此并不是真正保护。 43. 参考示例： When I hesitated to join a speech contest, I kept thinking “What if I forget my words?” I forced myself to sign up immediately. Though nervous, I finished it and became more confident. （约 35 词） 六、应用文写作参考范文 Dear Jim, Thank you for your email. In senior three, I aim to improve my English, especially reading and writing, and get admitted to my ideal university. To prepare, I have made a study plan, reviewed key subjects, memorized vocabulary, and exercised regularly during the summer. I also read English articles to broaden my mind. I believe with hard work and a positive attitude, I can achieve my goal. Yours, Li Hua 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $