Unit 7 Let's volunteer 动词不定式(核心语法精练)英语新教材冀教版八年级上册

2026-10-13
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Unit 7 Let’s volunteer核心语法精练 ( 动词不定式 to‑infinitive) 目录 一、知识回顾...............................................................................................................................................2 二、考点夯基................................................................................................................................................3 一、用所给词的正确形式填空....................................................................................................................3 二、单项选择................................................................................................................................................4 三、完成句子.................................................................................................................................................8 四、句型转换..................................................................................................................................................8 三、综合提升.................................................................................................................................................10 一、语法选择...................................................................................................................................................10 二、短文填空...................................................................................................................................................12 基础认知 定义 动词不定式由 to + 动词原形构成,to 为不定式符号,无实际词义;不定式属于非谓语动词,不能单独作句子谓语。在句中可以作:主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、目的状语。 核心用法 1. 作宾语:常见动词 want /hope/plan /decide/would like /volunteer/agree /try + to do sth. 例:I hope to join the volunteer club. 我希望加入志愿者俱乐部。 2. 作宾语补足语:ask /tell/invite /encourage/want /allow + sb. + to do sth. 例:The teacher asks us to help the elderly. 老师要求我们帮助老年人。 3. 作目的状语:表做某事的目的,“为了……”,放句首或句中。 例:He came to the community to do volunteer work. 他来到社区做志愿工作。 4. 作定语:放在被修饰名词 / 代词后面。 例:We need some students to help out. 我们需要一些学生来搭把手。 5. 作表语:be + to do,说明主语的内容、目的。 例:The purpose of volunteering is to serve people. 志愿工作的目的是服务他人。 6. 作主语:To do sth. + 谓语;常用 It 作形式主语:It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 高频易错点 易错 1:❌ want do;✅ want to do;不定式符号 to 不要漏掉。 易错 2:使役动词 let/make/have 后宾补省略 to:make sb. do sth.;被动语态要还原 to:sb. be made to do sth. 易错 3:It’s +adj.+for sb. to do sth.,to 后面必须用动词原形,不能用 doing。 易错 4:不定式作定语,放在名词后面,不要前置。 易错 5:区分:decide to do(决定做);decide against doing(决定不做) 记忆口诀 不定式,to 加原,不能单独作谓语; 想要希望计划决定,后面 to‑do 作宾语; 叫人做事宾补记,ask sb. to do 要牢记; to 放句首表目的;it 作主语代替 to‑do; let/make/have 宾补省 to,被动 to 字要回归。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Many teenagers hope ________ (join) the volunteer program in the community. 【答案】to join 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作宾语。动词hope后只能接动词不定式作宾语,固定结构为 hope to do sth.(希望做某事),不能接 doing 形式。不定式符号to后面必须使用动词原形,因此填to join。 句意:许多青少年希望参加社区的志愿项目。 2. It is a good chance ________ (learn) more about community service. 【答案】to learn 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作后置定语。名词chance(机会)后面常用动词不定式对其进行修饰限定,固定句型 It is a good chance to do sth.(做某事的好机会)。句中it是形式主语,真正用来修饰 chance 的是后面的不定式,to 后接动词原形,故填to learn。 句意:这是更多了解社区服务的好机会。 3. He volunteered ________ (care) for the old people in the nursing home last weekend. 【答案】to care 【解析】本题考查不定式作宾语。volunteer作动词表示 “自愿做”,固定搭配 volunteer to do sth.(志愿 / 自愿做某事),不定式放在谓语动词之后作宾语,to后接动词原形。care for为固定短语,意为 “照顾”。 句意:上周末他自愿去养老院照顾老人。 4. The community worker asks us ________ (keep) our promises when we do volunteer work. 【答案】to keep 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。固定结构 ask sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事),ask是谓语动词;us作宾语;不定式to‑do用来补充说明宾语us要执行的动作,即宾补。不定式符号to不能省略。keep one’s promises信守承诺。 句意:社区工作人员要求我们做志愿工作时要信守承诺。 5. ________ (collect) rubbish in the park is meaningful work for teenagers. 【答案】To collect 【解析】本题考查动词不定式置于句首作句子主语。动词原形不能直接充当句子主语,需要变为不定式to do或者动名词doing。本句不定式放句首,用来表示一件具体的、一次性的行为,作整个句子的主语,to后面接动词原形,首字母大写,故填To collect。 句意:在公园收集垃圾对青少年来说是很有意义的工作。 6. The main purpose of volunteer work is ________ (help) people in need. 【答案】to help 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作表语。系动词is后面为表语,用来解释主语purpose(目的)的具体内容;当主语是 purpose、dream、goal 这类表示目标、梦想的名词时,常用不定式to do作表语,说明具体的目的,to 后接动词原形。people in need表示 “有需要的人”。 句意:志愿工作最主要的目的是帮助有需要的人。 7. We need more students ________ (apply) for this animal‑shelter volunteer project. 【答案】to apply 【解析】本题考查不定式作宾语补足语。固定搭配 need sb. to do sth.(需要某人去做某事)。need为谓语动词,more students是宾语;不定式to apply补充说明学生要做的动作。apply for是固定短语 “申请”。 句意:我们需要更多学生来申请这个动物庇护所志愿项目。 8. She went to the community centre ________ (chat) with the elderly. 【答案】to chat 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作目的状语。本句谓语动词是went,一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词;后面的动作用来表示 “去社区中心” 的目的,要用不定式to do表目的,译为 “为了……”,to 后接动词原形。the elderly是固定表达,泛指老年人。 句意:她去社区中心,为了和老人们聊天。 9. They decide ________ (clean) up the city park this Saturday morning. 【答案】to clean 【解析】本题考查不定式作宾语。动词decide后面只能接动词不定式作宾语,固定搭配 decide to do sth.(决定做某事),不接 doing。clean up固定短语,意为 “打扫、清理”。 句意:他们决定本周六上午打扫城市公园。 10. The bad weather made us ________ (give) up our volunteer activity. 【答案】give 【解析】本题考查使役动词make的用法。主动语态中固定结构 make sb. do sth.(使 / 让某人做某事),make是使役动词,后面作宾补的动词必须省略不定式符号to,直接使用动词原形。注意:只有主动语态省略 to;变为被动语态时,to必须还原。give up意为 “放弃”。 句意:恶劣的天气使我们放弃了志愿活动。 二、单项选择 1. Many students hope ______ part‑time volunteer work in their free time. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 hope to do sth. 希望做某事,hope后面只能接不定式作宾语,不能接动名词 taking;A 动词原形不能直接放在 hope 后;D took 是 take 过去式,时态语法均错误。take part‑time volunteer work做兼职志愿工作。 句意:很多学生希望在空闲时间做兼职志愿工作。 2. It is meaningful for teenagers ______ others in need. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 【答案】C 【解析】本题重点句型 It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.。it是形式主语,只是占位,没有实际含义;真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to do,因此必须填to help。A 原形、B 动名词、D 过去式均不符合这个句型结构。 句意:对青少年来说帮助有需要的人很有意义。 3. He volunteered ______ for the homeless animals at the animal shelter. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 【答案】B 【解析】volunteer作动词,固定搭配 volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事),后面接不定式作宾语。A 动词原形不能直接跟在 volunteer 后面;C 动名词、D 过去式不符合固定搭配。homeless animals无家可归的动物。 句意:他自愿在动物庇护所为无家可归的动物工作。 4. The teacher asks all of us ______ ready before the volunteer activity starts. A. get B. getting C. to get D. got 【答案】C 【解析】固定结构 ask sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事),不定式作宾语补足语,to不能省略。A 动词原形;B 现在分词;D 过去式,都不符合 ask 的用法。get ready固定短语 “做好准备”。 句意:老师要求我们所有人在志愿活动开始前做好准备。 5. —Why do you go to the community every Sunday? —I go there ______ the elderly with housework. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 【答案】B 【解析】问句用 why 提问,询问做事情的目的;答句用动词不定式to do作目的状语,表示 “去那里” 的目的是帮助老人。A 动词原形不能作状语;C 现在分词常表伴随;D 过去式不能表目的。help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事。 句意:—— 你为什么每个周日都去社区?—— 我去那里帮老人做家务。 6. Our dream is ______ good volunteers to serve our community. A. be B. to be C. being D. are 【答案】B 【解析】主语为dream(梦想),系动词 is 后面需要不定式作表语,用to be来说明梦想的具体内容。A 动词原形不能直接放系动词后;C being 动名词,多表示正在进行;D are 是谓语动词,本句已经有 is,不能重复出现谓语。 句意:我们的梦想是成为优秀志愿者,为社区服务。 7. We need more people ______ out rubbish in the park. A. pick B. to pick C. picking D. picked 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事,不定式作宾补,补充说明 people 要执行的动作。区分:need to do主语是人;need doing主语是物。pick out rubbish捡拾垃圾。 句意:我们需要更多人在公园里捡拾垃圾。 8. They decide ______ for the volunteer program on the Internet. A. apply B. applying C. to apply D. applied 【答案】C 【解析】动词decide的固定用法 decide to do sth.(决定做某事),后面只能接不定式作宾语,不能接原形、doing 或者过去式。apply for申请。 句意:他们决定在网上申请这个志愿项目。 9. The girl was made ______ her promise before joining the volunteer group. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept 【答案】B 【解析】考查使役动词 make 被动语态用法。主动:make sb. do sth.(省略 to);被动:sb. be made to do sth.,被动语态必须还原不定式符号 to。本题是被动was made,因此要填to keep。keep one’s promise信守承诺。 句意:这个女孩在加入志愿小组之前被要求信守承诺。 10. Would you like ______ part in our community‑service activity? A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 【答案】C 【解析】固定句型 would like to do sth.(想要 / 愿意做某事),后面接动词不定式。would like后面不能接动词原形、doing 形式。take part in参加。 句意:你愿意参加我们的社区服务活动吗? 11. Li Mei plans ______ as a library volunteer during her summer vacation. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 【答案】B 【解析】动词plan固定搭配 plan to do sth.(计划做某事),不定式作宾语。plan 后不接 doing。work as担任…… 工作。 句意:李梅计划暑假做图书馆志愿者。 12. The community leader encourages teenagers ______ more voluntary work. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事),不定式作宾语补足语,to不可省略。这是高频考点,encourage 后面不接原形和 doing。 句意:社区领导鼓励青少年多做志愿工作。 13. To ______ others is one of the greatest happiness in our life. A. help B. helping C. helped D. helps 【答案】A 【解析】本句动词不定式在句首作主语,结构为To +动词原形,所以 to 后面必须使用动词原形 help。B 动名词;C 过去式;D 三单形式均不符合不定式结构。 句意:帮助他人是我们生命中最大的幸福之一。 14. We have lots of work ______ before the volunteer activity. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 【答案】B 【解析】固定结构 have sth. to do(有某事要去做),不定式放在名词后面作后置定语,修饰前面名词 work,表示有待完成的动作。A 原形不能修饰名词;C 动名词;D 过去分词语义不通。 句意:志愿活动开始之前我们有很多工作要完成。 15. I came here ______ you something about our volunteer plan. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 【答案】B 【解析】本句谓语动词为came;后面的动作是 “来这里” 的目的,要用不定式to do作目的状语,译为 “为了……”。A 原形不能作状语;C 现在分词表伴随;D 过去式不能表目的。 句意:我来这儿是要告诉你关于我们志愿计划的一些事情。 16. Many students agree ______ in the old‑people’s home on weekends. A. serve B. to serve C. serving D. served 【答案】B 【解析】动词agree固定搭配 agree to do sth.(同意做某事),不定式作宾语。agree 后不接 doing。 句意:很多学生同意周末去养老院服务。 17. It is very kind ______ teenagers ______ to help people in need. A. for; volunteer B. of; to volunteer C. for; volunteering D. of; volunteer 【答案】B 【解析】区分两个重点句型: ①It’s +adj. +of sb. to do sth.:形容词用来描述人的品质性格(kind, nice, clever 等),介词用 of; ②It’s +adj. +for sb. to do sth.:形容词描述事情的特征(important, difficult 等),介词用 for。 本句kind善良的,用来形容青少年人的品质,用 of;后面必须使用不定式to volunteer。 句意:青少年自愿帮助有需要的人,真是很善良。 18. He tries his best ______ a difference to people around him. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 【答案】C 【解析】固定短语 try one’s best to do sth.(尽某人最大努力做某事),要用不定式。make a difference为固定短语,意为 “产生影响,带来改变”。 句意:他尽自己最大努力给身边的人带来改变。 19. —What is your purpose ______ a volunteer? —To learn more about our society. A. to be B. be C. being D. been 【答案】A 【解析】名词purpose(目的),常用不定式作后置定语,one’s purpose to do sth.做某事的目的,用to be修饰 purpose。B 动词原形;C 动名词;D 过去分词均不符合语法。 句意:—— 你做志愿者的目的是什么?—— 更多地了解我们的社会。 20. My mother tells me ______ careless when I do volunteer work. A. not be B. not to be C. don’t be D. not being 【答案】B 【解析】不定式的否定结构:tell sb. not to do sth.(告诉某人不要做某事),否定词not放在不定式符号to的前面。A 缺少 to;C 是祈使句否定,不能用在 tell sb. 后面;D not doing 不是 tell 的搭配。be careless粗心。 句意:妈妈告诉我做志愿工作时不要粗心。 三、完成句子 1. 很多青少年想要在动物庇护所做志愿工作。 Many teenagers want ________ ________ volunteer work at the animal shelter. 【答案】to do 【解析】考查不定式作宾语。固定搭配want to do sth.想要做某事,want 后面接动词不定式,to 后接动词原形 do。do volunteer work 做志愿工作。 句意:很多青少年想要在动物庇护所做志愿工作。 2. 对我们来说参加社区服务是很重要的。 It is important ________ us ________ ________ part in community service. 【答案】for; to take 【解析】考查形式主语句型 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.。形容词 important 描述这件事的特点,介词用 for;真正主语为不定式to take。固定短语take part in参加。 句意:对我们来说参加社区服务是很重要的。 3. 他志愿周末去帮助养老院的老人。 He volunteers ________ ________ the elderly in the old‑people’s home on weekends. 【答案】to help 【解析】考查不定式作宾语。volunteer to do sth.志愿做某事,volunteer 后面接不定式作宾语,to 后接动词原形 help。 句意:他志愿周末去帮助养老院的老人。 4. 我们需要更多学生来申请这个志愿项目。 We need more students ________ ________ for this volunteer program. 【答案】to apply 【解析】考查不定式作宾补。固定搭配need sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事,不定式补充说明宾语 students 要做的动作。apply for申请。 句意:我们需要更多学生来申请这个志愿项目。 5. 我来到社区是为了收集垃圾。 I came to the community ________ ________ rubbish. 【答案】to collect 【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。主句谓语动词 came,后面用不定式to collect表示来到社区的目的,翻译为 “为了收集”,to 后接动词原形 collect。 句意:我来到社区是为了收集垃圾。 6. 老师鼓励我们尽最大努力帮助有需要的人。 The teacher encourages us ________ ________ our best ________ ________ people in need. 【答案】to try; to help 【解析】第一空:固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事,因此填to try;第二空:try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事,用不定式to help作目的。两个都是不定式结构。 句意:老师鼓励我们尽最大努力帮助有需要的人。 四、句型转换 1. He hopes that he can join the volunteer club.(改为简单句,用不定式) He hopes ________ ________ the volunteer club. 【答案】to join 【解析】本句考查宾语从句转化不定式。hope + that宾语从句可以简化成简单句hope to do sth.,去掉从句主语 he can,把从句谓语变为不定式to join。hope后面不能接 sb to do。 句意:他希望加入志愿者俱乐部。 2. To do volunteer work is good for teenagers.(改为 it 作形式主语) ________ ________ for teenagers ________ ________ volunteer work. 【答案】It’s good; to do 【解析】不定式作主语时,可以改写形式主语句型:It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.。把真正主语To do volunteer work挪到句尾;句首用 it 充当形式主语,it 和 is 缩写为 It’s。 句意:做志愿工作对青少年有益。 3. “Please clean up the park,” the leader asks us.(合并句子,不定式作宾补) The leader asks us ________ ________ ________ the park. 【答案】to clean up 【解析】直接引语是领导对我们发出的请求;变为间接表达,使用结构ask sb. to do sth.不定式作宾语补足语。祈使句的动作clean up改为不定式to clean up。clean up打扫清理。 句意:领导要求我们打扫公园。 4. She goes to the nursing home. She wants to chat with the old people.(合并,用不定式表目的) She goes to the nursing home ________ ________ with the old people. 【答案】to chat 【解析】两个简单句合并;第二句表示 “去养老院” 的目的,使用动词不定式to do作目的状语,去掉主语 she wants,保留不定式 to + 动词原形 chat。 句意:她去养老院和老人们聊天。 5. My dream is to be a volunteer.(对划线部分提问) ________ ________ dream? 【答案】What’s your 【解析】划线部分to be a volunteer不定式在句中作表语,描述梦想的内容;对事物内容提问用疑问词 what;原句 be 动词 is 跟随 what 缩写为 what’s;第一人称 my 需要转换成第二人称 your。 句意:你的梦想是什么? 6. The weather made us stop our volunteer activity.(改为被动语态) We ________ ________ ________ stop our volunteer activity because of the weather. 【答案】were made to 【解析】make 主动语态:make sb. do sth.省略 to;变为被动语态sb. be made to do sth.,不定式符号 to 必须还原,不能省略。原句为一般过去时,主语 we,be 动词用 were。 句意:由于天气原因,我们被迫停止志愿活动。 一、语法选择 Volunteer work is popular among teenagers. Many students 1______ to take part in voluntary activities. Li Hua hopes 2______ a volunteer in the community. He goes to the community centre 3______ the elderly every weekend. His teacher tells him 4______ polite and patient. It is meaningful 5______ teenagers 6______ some small voluntary jobs. They need more people 7______ up rubbish in public places. Some teenagers decide 8______ for programs at animal shelters. The purpose of volunteer work 9______ to give our love to people in need. We should try our best 10______ a difference to our society. 1. A. want  B. wants  C. wanting  D. wanted 2. A. be  B. to be  C. being  D. been 3. A. chat  B. chatting  C. to chat  D. chatted 4. A. be  B. to be  C. being  D. are 5. A. of  B. for  C. to  D. with 6. A. do  B. doing  C. to do  D. did 7. A. pick  B. to pick  C. picking  D. picked 8. A. apply  B. applying  C. to apply  D. applied 9. A. is  B. are  C. was  D. were 10. A. make  B. making  C. to make  D. made 【答案】1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 【文章大意】短文围绕单元志愿主题,综合考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语;it 作形式主语;各类动词固定搭配以及一般现在时主谓一致。 【解析】 1.【答案】A 解析:本句为一般现在时,主语Many students是复数名词,谓语动词要使用动词原形。 • A want:动词原形,符合复数主语一般现在时的谓语要求;want to do sth.想要做某事,是固定搭配。 • B wants:动词三单形式,主语是单数才使用,本句主语 students 为复数,排除。 • C wanting:现在分词,不能单独作句子谓语,排除。 • D wanted:过去式,整篇短文介绍客观现状,使用一般现在时,时态不符,排除。 句意:许多学生想要参加志愿活动。 2.【答案】B 解析:考查动词不定式作宾语。动词hope后面只能接动词不定式作宾语,固定搭配 hope to do sth. 希望做某事,to 后面接动词原形。 • A be:动词原形,不能直接放在 hope 后面,排除。 • B to be:动词不定式,hope to be a volunteer希望成为一名志愿者,语法正确。 • C being:动名词,hope 后不接 doing 形式,排除。 • D been:be 的过去分词,语法结构错误,排除。 句意:李华希望成为社区的一名志愿者。 3.【答案】C 解析:考查动词不定式作目的状语。本句谓语动词是goes,一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词;后面的动作是 “去社区中心” 的目的,用to do不定式表目的,翻译为 “为了……”。 • A chat:动词原形,不能作状语,排除。 • B chatting:现在分词,多表示伴随状态,不表达目的,排除。 • C to chat:不定式作目的状语,符合句意。 • D chatted:过去式,不能作状语,排除。 句意:每周末他去社区中心和老年人聊天。 4.【答案】B 解析:考查不定式作宾语补足语,固定结构 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事。him作 tell 的宾语,后面不定式补充说明要求 him 执行的动作,to 不能省略;to be +形容词表示 “保持某种状态”。 • A be:动词原形,缺少不定式符号 to,排除。 • B to be:不定式结构,to be polite and patient保持礼貌和耐心,语法正确。 • C being:动名词,不用于 tell sb. 后的宾补,排除。 • D are:谓语动词,本句已有谓语 tells,不能重复出现谓语,排除。 句意:老师告诉他要礼貌、有耐心。 5.【答案】B 解析:考查It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth.句型辨析。 形容词meaningful(有意义的)是用来描述这件事情本身的特征,不是描述人的品质,介词要用for。 • A of:用于形容词描述人物性格品质(kind、nice 等),本句不符合,排除。 • B for:符合句型要求。 • C to、D with:不用于该固定句型,排除。 句意:对青少年来说做一些微小的志愿工作很有意义。 6.【答案】C 解析:本句是 it 作形式主语的完整句型It is +adj.+for sb. to do sth.。it只是形式上的主语,真正的主语放在句子末尾,必须使用动词不定式to do。 • A do 动词原形、B doing 动名词、D did 过去式,都不能充当该句型真正的主语,排除。 • C to do 动词不定式,语法正确。 句意:对青少年来说做一些微小的志愿工作很有意义。 7.【答案】B 解析:考查不定式作宾语补足语。固定搭配 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事。more people是 need 的宾语,不定式to pick up补充说明人们需要去执行的动作。pick up rubbish捡拾垃圾。 • A pick 动词原形、C picking 现在分词、D picked 过去式,都不满足 need sb. to do 的结构,排除。 句意:他们需要更多人在公共场所捡拾垃圾。 8.【答案】C 解析:考查不定式作宾语。动词decide后面只能接动词不定式,固定搭配 decide to do sth. 决定做某事。apply for是固定短语 “申请”。 • A apply 原形、B applying 动名词、D applied 过去式,都不能放在 decide 后面,排除。 句意:一些青少年决定申请动物庇护所的项目。 9.【答案】A 解析:考查一般现在时的主谓一致。主语The purpose of volunteer work(志愿工作的目的),核心名词purpose是单数,整篇文章为一般现在时,be 动词用单数形式is;后面to give是不定式作表语,解释 purpose 的内容。 • A is:一般现在时单数 be 动词,正确。 • B are:复数 be 动词,主语为复数才使用,排除。 • C was、D were:一般过去时,文章介绍客观事实,用一般现在时,时态不符,排除。 句意:志愿工作的目的就是向有需要的人献出我们的爱心。 10.【答案】C 解析:考查固定短语搭配 try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事,短语中要使用动词不定式。固定短语make a difference意为 “产生影响,带来改变”。 • A make 原形、B making 动名词、D made 过去式,不符合该短语语法要求,排除。 句意:我们应当尽全力对我们的社会产生积极影响。 二、短文填空 用括号内单词适当形式(不定式 / 动词正确形式)完成短文。 Many teenagers would like 1.________ (be) volunteers in their free time. Li Ming hopes 2.________ (take) part in community service. He goes to the nursing home 3.________ (talk) with the elderly. The workers ask him 4.________ (keep) patient all the time. It is important for us 5.________ (realize) the value of volunteer work. We have lots of small things 6.________ (do) for people around us. Some students decide 7.________ (clean) up the park on weekends. They need more people 8.________ (help) out. The purpose of volunteering is 9.________ (serve) others. We should try our best 10.________ (make) our world warmer. 【参考答案】 1.【答案】to be 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作宾语。固定搭配 would like to do sth.,意为 “想要做某事”,would like后面必须接动词不定式作宾语,不定式符号to后接动词原形。be volunteers 表示 “成为志愿者”。 句意:很多青少年想要在空闲时间做志愿者。 2.【答案】to take 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作宾语。动词hope后只能接不定式作宾语,固定结构 hope to do sth.“希望做某事”,不接动名词。take part in是固定短语,意为 “参加”。 句意:李明希望参加社区服务。 3.【答案】to talk 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作目的状语。本句谓语动词为goes,一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词;后面的动作是 “去养老院” 的目的,要用不定式to do来表目的,翻译为 “为了……”,to 后接动词原形。the elderly泛指老年人。 句意:他去养老院和老人们交谈。 4.【答案】to keep 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。固定句型 ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”。本句中him作动词ask的宾语,不定式to keep用来补充说明宾语 him 需要执行的动作;不定式符号 to 不可省略。keep patient意为 “保持耐心”。 句意:工作人员要求他一直保持耐心。 5.【答案】to realize 【解析】本题考查 it 作形式主语的重点句型 It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.。句中it只是形式上的主语,没有实际含义,用来占位避免句子头重脚轻;真正的主语是放在句末的动词不定式to realize。形容词important描述事情的性质,介词用for。 句意:意识到志愿工作的价值对我们很重要。 6.【答案】to do 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作后置定语。固定结构 have sth. to do,意为 “有某事要做”。不定式放在名词things的后面,用来修饰限定前面的名词 things,表示有待去完成的动作。注意区分:have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。 句意:我们有许多小事可以为身边的人去做。 7.【答案】to clean 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作宾语。动词decide的固定搭配 decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,decide后面只能接不定式,不能接动词原形或者 doing 形式。clean up固定短语,意为 “打扫、清理”。 句意:一些学生决定周末打扫公园。 8.【答案】to help 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。固定搭配 need sb. to do sth.“需要某人做某事”。more people是 need 的宾语,不定式to help out补充说明 people 要完成的动作。help out为固定短语,意思是 “搭把手,帮忙摆脱困境”。 句意:他们需要更多人来搭把手。 9.【答案】to serve 【解析】本题考查动词不定式作表语。系动词is后面为表语,本句的主语是the purpose(目的)。当主语为 purpose、dream、goal 这类表示目标、梦想的名词时,常用动词不定式作表语,用来解释、说明主语的具体内容。 句意:做志愿的目的就是服务他人。 10.【答案】to make 【解析】本题考查固定短语搭配 try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”。短语中要用动词不定式,不定式作目的状语,表示努力的目标。make our world warmer意为 “让我们的世界变得更温暖”。 句意:我们应该尽最大努力,让我们的世界更加温暖。 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Let’s volunteer核心语法精练 ( 动词不定式 to‑infinitive) 目录 一、知识回顾...............................................................................................................................................2 二、考点夯基................................................................................................................................................3 一、用所给词的正确形式填空....................................................................................................................3 二、单项选择................................................................................................................................................4 三、完成句子.................................................................................................................................................8 四、句型转换..................................................................................................................................................8 三、综合提升.................................................................................................................................................10 一、语法选择...................................................................................................................................................10 二、短文填空...................................................................................................................................................12 基础认知 定义 动词不定式由 to + 动词原形构成,to 为不定式符号,无实际词义;不定式属于非谓语动词,不能单独作句子谓语。在句中可以作:主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、目的状语。 核心用法 1. 作宾语:常见动词 want /hope/plan /decide/would like /volunteer/agree /try + to do sth. 例:I hope to join the volunteer club. 我希望加入志愿者俱乐部。 2. 作宾语补足语:ask /tell/invite /encourage/want /allow + sb. + to do sth. 例:The teacher asks us to help the elderly. 老师要求我们帮助老年人。 3. 作目的状语:表做某事的目的,“为了……”,放句首或句中。 例:He came to the community to do volunteer work. 他来到社区做志愿工作。 4. 作定语:放在被修饰名词 / 代词后面。 例:We need some students to help out. 我们需要一些学生来搭把手。 5. 作表语:be + to do,说明主语的内容、目的。 例:The purpose of volunteering is to serve people. 志愿工作的目的是服务他人。 6. 作主语:To do sth. + 谓语;常用 It 作形式主语:It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 高频易错点 易错 1:❌ want do;✅ want to do;不定式符号 to 不要漏掉。 易错 2:使役动词 let/make/have 后宾补省略 to:make sb. do sth.;被动语态要还原 to:sb. be made to do sth. 易错 3:It’s +adj.+for sb. to do sth.,to 后面必须用动词原形,不能用 doing。 易错 4:不定式作定语,放在名词后面,不要前置。 易错 5:区分:decide to do(决定做);decide against doing(决定不做) 记忆口诀 不定式,to 加原,不能单独作谓语; 想要希望计划决定,后面 to‑do 作宾语; 叫人做事宾补记,ask sb. to do 要牢记; to 放句首表目的;it 作主语代替 to‑do; let/make/have 宾补省 to,被动 to 字要回归。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Many teenagers hope ________ (join) the volunteer program in the community. 2. It is a good chance ________ (learn) more about community service. 3. He volunteered ________ (care) for the old people in the nursing home last weekend. 4. The community worker asks us ________ (keep) our promises when we do volunteer work. 5. ________ (collect) rubbish in the park is meaningful work for teenagers. 6. The main purpose of volunteer work is ________ (help) people in need. 7. We need more students ________ (apply) for this animal‑shelter volunteer project. 8. She went to the community centre ________ (chat) with the elderly. 9. They decide ________ (clean) up the city park this Saturday morning. 10. The bad weather made us ________ (give) up our volunteer activity. 二、单项选择 1. Many students hope ______ part‑time volunteer work in their free time. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 2. It is meaningful for teenagers ______ others in need. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 3. He volunteered ______ for the homeless animals at the animal shelter. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 4. The teacher asks all of us ______ ready before the volunteer activity starts. A. get B. getting C. to get D. got 5. —Why do you go to the community every Sunday? —I go there ______ the elderly with housework. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 6. Our dream is ______ good volunteers to serve our community. A. be B. to be C. being D. are 7. We need more people ______ out rubbish in the park. A. pick B. to pick C. picking D. picked 8. They decide ______ for the volunteer program on the Internet. A. apply B. applying C. to apply D. applied 9. The girl was made ______ her promise before joining the volunteer group. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept 10. Would you like ______ part in our community‑service activity? A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 11. Li Mei plans ______ as a library volunteer during her summer vacation. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 12. The community leader encourages teenagers ______ more voluntary work. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 13. To ______ others is one of the greatest happiness in our life. A. help B. helping C. helped D. helps 14. We have lots of work ______ before the volunteer activity. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 15. I came here ______ you something about our volunteer plan. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 16. Many students agree ______ in the old‑people’s home on weekends. A. serve B. to serve C. serving D. served 17. It is very kind ______ teenagers ______ to help people in need. A. for; volunteer B. of; to volunteer C. for; volunteering D. of; volunteer 18. He tries his best ______ a difference to people around him. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 19. —What is your purpose ______ a volunteer? —To learn more about our society. A. to be B. be C. being D. been 20. My mother tells me ______ careless when I do volunteer work. A. not be B. not to be C. don’t be D. not being 三、完成句子 1. 很多青少年想要在动物庇护所做志愿工作。 Many teenagers want ________ ________ volunteer work at the animal shelter. 2. 对我们来说参加社区服务是很重要的。 It is important ________ us ________ ________ part in community service. 3. 他志愿周末去帮助养老院的老人。 He volunteers ________ ________ the elderly in the old‑people’s home on weekends. 4. 我们需要更多学生来申请这个志愿项目。 We need more students ________ ________ for this volunteer program. 5. 我来到社区是为了收集垃圾。 I came to the community ________ ________ rubbish. 6. 老师鼓励我们尽最大努力帮助有需要的人。 The teacher encourages us ________ ________ our best ________ ________ people in need. 四、句型转换 1. He hopes that he can join the volunteer club.(改为简单句,用不定式) He hopes ________ ________ the volunteer club. 2. To do volunteer work is good for teenagers.(改为 it 作形式主语) ________ ________ for teenagers ________ ________ volunteer work. 3. “Please clean up the park,” the leader asks us.(合并句子,不定式作宾补) The leader asks us ________ ________ ________ the park. 4. She goes to the nursing home. She wants to chat with the old people.(合并,用不定式表目的) She goes to the nursing home ________ ________ with the old people. 5. My dream is to be a volunteer.(对划线部分提问) ________ ________ dream? 6. The weather made us stop our volunteer activity.(改为被动语态) We ________ ________ ________ stop our volunteer activity because of the weather. 一、语法选择 Volunteer work is popular among teenagers. Many students 1______ to take part in voluntary activities. Li Hua hopes 2______ a volunteer in the community. He goes to the community centre 3______ the elderly every weekend. His teacher tells him 4______ polite and patient. It is meaningful 5______ teenagers 6______ some small voluntary jobs. They need more people 7______ up rubbish in public places. Some teenagers decide 8______ for programs at animal shelters. The purpose of volunteer work 9______ to give our love to people in need. We should try our best 10______ a difference to our society. 1. A. want  B. wants  C. wanting  D. wanted 2. A. be  B. to be  C. being  D. been 3. A. chat  B. chatting  C. to chat  D. chatted 4. A. be  B. to be  C. being  D. are 5. A. of  B. for  C. to  D. with 6. A. do  B. doing  C. to do  D. did 7. A. pick  B. to pick  C. picking  D. picked 8. A. apply  B. applying  C. to apply  D. applied 9. A. is  B. are  C. was  D. were 10. A. make  B. making  C. to make  D. made 二、短文填空 用括号内单词适当形式(不定式 / 动词正确形式)完成短文。 Many teenagers would like 1.________ (be) volunteers in their free time. Li Ming hopes 2.________ (take) part in community service. He goes to the nursing home 3.________ (talk) with the elderly. The workers ask him 4.________ (keep) patient all the time. It is important for us 5.________ (realize) the value of volunteer work. We have lots of small things 6.________ (do) for people around us. Some students decide 7.________ (clean) up the park on weekends. They need more people 8.________ (help) out. The purpose of volunteering is 9.________ (serve) others. We should try our best 10.________ (make) our world warmer. 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Let’s volunteer核心语法精练 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. to join 2. to learn 3. to care 4. to keep 5. To collect 6. to help 7. to apply 8. to chat 9. to clean 10. give 二、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.B 三、完成句子 1. to do 2. for; to take 3. to help 4. to apply 5. to collect 6. to try; to help 四、句型转换 1. to join 2. It’s good; to do 3. to clean up 4. to chat 5. What’s your 6. were made to 一、语法选择 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 二、短文填空 1.to be 2. to take 3. to talk 4. to keep 5. to realize 6. to do 7. to clean 8. to help 9. to serve 10. to make 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 7 Let's volunteer 动词不定式(核心语法精练)英语新教材冀教版八年级上册
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Unit 7 Let's volunteer 动词不定式(核心语法精练)英语新教材冀教版八年级上册
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Unit 7 Let's volunteer 动词不定式(核心语法精练)英语新教材冀教版八年级上册
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