Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures-【成才之路•学案】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第二册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

011 A committee 4. (establish）to Over the next 20 years,thousands of engineers prevent the loss of cultural relics.They asked for and workers rescued 22 temples and 8. contributions from different 5. (department) count)cultural relics and fifty countries donated and raised funds within the international nearly $80 million to the project.The project was community.After investigating the issue and 9 great success,and proved that big (conduct)several tests,experts made challenges can sometimes lead to great solutions. a proposal that temples and other cultural sites The countries learnt that 10. was 7. (take)down piece by piece,and then possible for them to work together to build a better moved and put back together in a place where they tomorrow. were safe from the water. 夯基提能作业 请同学们认真完成练案[1] Section Discovering Useful Structures ●语法概览 在复合句中对某一名词或代词起 修饰作用的从句称为定语从句 被修饰的词叫先行词，引导 hat指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语 词称为关系代词或关系副词 定义 定语 关 which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语 when作时间状语 t 1 从句 who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语 where作地，点、状语 关系品 用法 whom指人，在从句中作宾语 why作原因状语 词用法 whose指人或物，在从句中作定语 as指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语 ●语法精讲 come from Australia.(that指人，在从句中作主 语，不能省略) 一、关系代词的用法 我们学校有五位来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。 先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或 即学即用 定语时要用关系代词。指代人的关系代词有： 单句语法填空 that,who,whom,whose,as;指代物的关系代词有： DCan you tell me more about the man that,which,whose,aso helped me the other day? 1.that,指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或者表 ②This is the computer he bought for his 语，作宾语时常可省略。 son yesterday This is the book(that)I bought yesterday.(that ③Children play with puzzles between 指物，在从句中作宾语，可以省略) ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. 这就是我昨天买的那本书。 2.which,指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语 There were deep cracks that appeared in the well 时常可省略。 walls. Generation gap is a topic which)people are interested in.(which指物，在从句中作宾语，可 井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。（that指物，在从 以省略) 句中作主语，不能省略) 代沟是一个人们感兴趣的话题。 This is the girl(that)I met yesterday.that The river which runs through the centre of the 人，在从句中作宾语，可以省略〉 city has been cleaned.(which指物，在从句中 这就是我昨天见过的那个女孩。 作主语，不能省略) In our school,there are five foreign teachers that 穿过市中心的那条河已经被清理。 012 3.关系代词只能用that而不能用which的情况： (3)为了避免重复，一个用that,另一个则用 (1)当先行词为all,everything,nothing, which。 anything,much,little,few等不定代词时。 Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said? the library which was newly open to us. 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？ 让我给你看看那本我刚从新开放的图书馆借 All that can be done has been done. 来的小说。 所有能做的都做了。 〉即学即用 (2)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 单句语法填空 The first thing that should be done is to get some ①The train has arrived is from Beijing. food. ②The exact year her family spent 要做的第一件事是弄一些食物。 together in China was 2018 (3)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最 3Mr Brown demanded to know all had 高级修饰时。 This is the largest ship that I have ever seen. happened. 这是我曾经见过的最大的船。 ④The old man and his dog we saw This is the best film that I have ever seen. yesterday did not appear again. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 ⑤The book, I will give you later,is (4)当先行词被very,both,only,all,every,no, about how to be a successful person. any,little,much,some等修饰时。 5.wo,指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时 That's the only thing that we can do now. 常可省略。 那是目前我们唯一能做的事。 Women who drink more than two cups of coffee a I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday. day have a greater chance of having heart disease 我已找到昨天丢的那支钢笔。 than those who don't.(who指人，在从句中作主 (5)当先行词既指人，又指物时。 语，不能省略) They talked about the people and things that they 每天喝咖啡超过两杯的女性比那些不喝这么 saw in the factory. 多咖啡的女性患心脏病的可能性更大。 他们谈论起在工厂里看到的人和事。 The scientist who)we respect most is Yuan (6)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句 Longping and he made great contributions to 时，为避免重复而用that。 feeding the world.(who指人，在从句中作宾 Who is the boy that shook hands with you 语，可以省略)》 just now? 我们最尊敬的科学家是袁隆平，他为养活世界 刚才和你握手的男孩是谁？ 做出了巨大贡献。 4.关系代词只能用which不能用that的情况： )》即学即用 (1)当关系代词前有逗号，即引导非限制性定 语从句时。 单句语法填空 He has a walk every night,which does good DAs far as I am concerned,success belongs to to him. those get prepared. 他每晚都散步，这对他有好处。 ②The number of people come to visit (2)当关系代词前有介词且先行词指物时。 this city each year reaches one million. Here is the car about which I told you. ③The educator we had been looking 这就是我向你谈到过的那辆汽车。 forward to seeing in person came last Friday. 013 6.whom,指人，在从句中只作宾语，常可省略，在 你提供给我们的地方如此美丽，即使在梦里我 口语中可用who或that代替。 也想象不到。 Jane is the girl（whom)my teacher often10.as与which引导的非限制性定语从句 mentions.(whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可以 共同点：其先行词都指代一句话。 省略) 不同点：s引导的定语从句可放在句首、句中 简就是我老师经常提到的那个女孩。 或句末，而which引导的定语从句不能放在 》即学即用 句首；s引导的定语从句有“正如，正 单句语法填空 像…”的意思，而which指“这/那一点，这/ DTo tell the truth,our English teacher is the one 那件事”。 I admire most. The sun gives off light and heat,which makes it ②The person they are talking about is possible for plants to grow. our maths teacher,a brilliant young man. 太阳释放光和热，这使得植物生长成为可能。 7.whose,指人或物，在从句中作定语。 As we all know/As is known to us all,light I live in a room whose windows face south. travels faster than sound. (whose指物，在从句中作定语，不能省略) Light travels faster than sound,as is known to 我住在窗户朝南的一个房间里。 us all. Lu Xun,whose real name is Zhou Shuren,wrote 众所周知，光速比声速快。 lots of novels and essays..(whose指人，在从句 注意：as常用于as anybody can see,as we all 中作定语，不能省略) know,as we expect/as is expected,as is 鲁迅，原名周树人，写了很多小说和散文。 reported,as has been announced,as is often 8.whose通常可用“the+n.+of whom/which”或“of whom/which-+the+n.”替换。 the case 》即学即用 Our school plans to hold a foreign language 单句语法填空 festival,whose aim is to improve students' DI have never heard such stories interest in learning foreign language. tells Our school plans to hold a foreign language festival,the aim of which/of which the aim is to ② I told you before,this is also part of improve students'interest in learning foreign your work language. 二、关系副词的用法 我们学校计划举办一次外语节，其目的是提高 1.when 当先行词是表示时间的名词，定语从句 学生们学习外语的兴趣。 中不缺主语或宾语时，常用关系副词when引 〉即学即用 导定语从句。 单句语法填空 I'll never forget the day when the PRC was DIs there anyone in your class family is founded. in the north? 我永远忘不了中华人民共和国成立的日子。 ②The book cover is pink is the one I 2.where当先行词是表示地点的名词，定语从 bought for my daughter. 句中不缺主语或宾语时，常用关系副词where 9.as,指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。常和 引导定语从句。 the same,such连用。构成固定用法：the A class is like a family where I should get along same...as...,such...as...o well with others. Even in my dreams I couldn't imagine such a 一个班级就像一个大家庭，在这里我应该与其 beautiful place as you have offered us. 他人好好相处。 014 3.why 当先行词是表示原因的名词，定语从句)即学即用 中不缺主语或宾语时，常用关系副词why引导 单句语法填空 定语从句。 ①There is no reason we shouldn't be The reason why I can't go is that I had a fall friends. yesterday and injured my foot. ②Next came the moment I asked them 我不能去的原因是我昨天摔倒了，脚受了伤。 to have a try themselves. 》温馨提示 ③This is the room my grandma used to 当先行词为situation,case,stage,point等，且关 live. 系词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词 夯基提能作业 where。关系副词when,where可用于非限制性 请同学们认真完成练案[2] 定语从句中，而关系副词wy不可以。 Section IⅢ Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing 自主预习 ①词汇记忆 ①词汇拓展 1. n.游行；检阅i.游行庆祝；游行 1.tradition n.传统；传统的信仰或风俗→ 示威 ad.传统的 2.historic ac.历史上著名（或重要）的；有史时期 2. n.山洞；洞穴 的→ n.历史 3. n.,vi.&t.(用更容易理解的文字) 3.comparison n.比较；相比→ t.比较； 解释 对比 k n.一张（纸）；床单：被单 4.identify vt..确认；认出；找到→ n.辨 5. n.镜子 认，鉴定；确认，确定；身份证明 6. n.顶部：屋顶 词块识记 vt.&vi.(forgave,forgiven)原谅；宽 1. 乞求某人原谅 2 辨别是非 恕t.对不起；请原谅 在世界各地 8 ad山.数码的；数字显示的 4. 从事于 9 n.形象；印象 提出 10. prep.各处；遍及；自始至终 6. 筹钱 11. n.质量；品质；素质；特征ad.优质7. 使某人对…感兴趣 的；高质量的 8. 参加，参与 12. 有点儿，少量 ad.(far的比较级)更远；进一步 0 句型感知 13. n.意见；想法；看法 1.They are recording and collecting digital images 14. t.引用 of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, 15. n.对比；对照t.对比；对照 a key stop along the Silk Road 16. ad.永远；长久地 throughout China's ancient historySection II Discovering Useful Structures 语法精讲 一、L.①that②that③hat/who 4.①which/that②which③that④that⑤which 5.①who②who/that③who/whom/that 6.①whom/who/that(②whom/who/that 8.①whose②whose 10.①as ②As 二3.①why ②when③where Section IlI Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing 自主预习 词汇记忆 1.parade 2.cave 3.paraphrase 4.sheet 5.mirror 6.roof 7.forgive 8.digital 9.image 10.throughout 11.quality 12.further 13.opinion 14.quote 15.contrast 16.forever 词汇拓展 1.traditional 2.history 3.compare 4.identification 词块识记 1.beg one's pardon 2.tell right from wrong 3.all over the world 4.work on 5.come up with 6.raise mone 7.get sb.interested in 8.take part in 9.kind of 句型感知 1.which were 2.As 课文预读 -1.digital 2.appreciation 3.meeting 4.tourists 5.promote 6.traditions 7.educate 8.safeguarding 二、1.B2.A3.D4.A 要点探究 核心词汇 1.①for②forgiveness 3forgive our friends for their small mistakes 2.①in quality②of high quality 3.①traditional②traditionally 3It is a tradition for families to gather together It is a tradition that families gather together 4.①In②about/,on/of③of④hold the opinion that 5The opinions about/on/of the newly-released film 5.①comparisons②to③compared④Make a comparison 6.①B②C③A 重点句型 DAs is known to all/As we all know ②as is often the case③As is reported 随堂达标 I.1.downloading 2.Digital 3.qualities 4.opinion 5.traditions 6.throughout 7.image 8.quoted 9.identify 10.forgave II.1.entrance 2.historic 3.traditional 4.comparison 5.identified 6.throughout 7.In 8.which 9.for 10.the ;lⅢ.l.It is said that 2.as fluently as native English speakers 3.By doing exercises regularly 4.Studying abroad can be a worthwhile experience 5.which led her to have a deeper knowledge of the value of cultural relics Section IV 写作指导 二、1.bom in Beijing in1938 takes an active part in the study and preservation 2.graduated from majored in 3.has been working in 4.all her contribution to it is worthwhile 5.established digital Dunhuang digital images of cultural relics 6.got many honours the founding of 1.Fan Jinshi,born in Beijing in 1938,is a famous archaeologist, who takes an active part in the study and preservation of the Mogao Caves. 2.She graduated from Peking University in 1963,majoring in archaeology. 3.In her life,she got many honours,one of which is "one hundred people moving China since the founding of the People's Republic of China". 四、参考范文： Fan Jinshi-A Great Archaeologist Fan Jinshi,born in Beijing in 1938,is a famous archaeologist,who takes an active part in the study and preservation of the Mogao Caves. She graduated from Peking University in 1963,majoring in archaeology.She has been working in Dunhuang Institute for more than 50 years since she graduated from Peking University. In her opinion,all her contribution to it is worthwhile.Besides she established digital Dunhuang,recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves. In her life,she got many honours,one of which is"one hundred people moving China since the founding of the People's Republic of China” Section V读后续写技能之动作描写（一） I.1.hung her head 2.nodded their heads 3.shaking his head 4.scratched his head 5.buried her head II.1.My mother tilted her head and smiled. 2.He held his head in his hands,greatly annoyed. 3.She lifted her head to gaze at him. 4.He patted my head affectionately. 5.He twisted his head slightly,and looked up at her. Ⅲ.思路点拨： 八岁的女孩Tiky虽然属于一个贫穷的家庭，但她的家 庭富有文化和道德价值观。但当孩子们身处一个不懂道德 规则的群体时，他们就不在乎道德。元旦就要到了，一些淘 气的孩子在商店店主忙于其他活动时偷了一些贺卡。虽然 Tiky告诉她的朋友偷窃是件很糟糕的事情。但她的朋友没 有归还，而是给了她一张卡片。她对那张神奇的卡片感到兴 奋并在元旦那天把卡片交给了她的老师。 166