练案1 UNIT1 Section I-【成才之路·练案】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

练案[1] UNIT 1 SCIENCE Section I Listening and Sp I.单句语法填空 1.This is one proof environmental factors have a much higher effect than we thought 2.Chinese herbs come from materials that are pure)natural,which have small side effects. 3.Amy thought it was worthwhile to read English newspapers every day so she subscribed the 21st Century. 4.It was because of his generous help that I could have the problem handle) smoothly. 5.He seemed to be the only person (blame)and was removed from his position. 6.The moment he heard the bad news,he felt (frustrate). 7.He was taken to hospital after a (suspect)heart attack. 8.It's difficult to get a handle how widespread this problem is. 9.As long as payment online is safe,people will be more likely to link their bank cards WeChat. 10.Average house prices decreased 13%last year. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.独立公司的数量从198家减到了96家。 The number of independent firms decrease from...to...) 2.究竞是什么使她从一个普通的妇女变成一个 成功的女士？ What was it that made her (transform from...to...) 3.我认为他们不会赞同老一辈的价值观。 I don't think they will subscribe to...) 4.所有的番茄植株都感染了病毒。 All the tomato plants infect with) AND SCIENTISTS eaking,Reading and Thinking 5.使他懊恼的是，可用于这个项目的资金太少。 that there's too little money to spend on the project. Ⅲ.阅读理解 A It's no secret that inhaling(吸入)smoke is bad for your lungs.But now,scientists are suggesting smoke may also carry and spread infectious diseases.The theory,published in Science Magazine,is based on the research that found wildfire smoke is full of thousands of species of microorganisms(微生物).Some of these microorganisms,including bacteria and fungal spores(真菌孢子)are known to cause disease. The new research suggests that when a wildfire burns plants or animal matter and disturbs soils,it exposes thousands of species of bacteria and fungi that otherwise might not easily become airborne. You might think the high heat from fire would kill these organisms,but one study mentioned in the article found that some bacteria even multiply after fires.Scientists say the organisms stick with smoke particulates(颗粒物)，allowing them to travel thousands of miles across continents. Dr.Peter Chen,director of the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Cedars- Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles,is interested in the theory but somewhat skeptical that the microorganisms in smoke would actually cause infections.Many bacteria and fungi don't cause lung infections,says Chen,but it's certainly possible that a significant number could worsen symptoms in someone with a preexisting lung condition."I always thought it was the particulates in smoke that were causing these issues,"says Chen."But when I read this,I started thinking,could it be the microorganisms that are also worsening existing illnesses?” Whether the microorganisms in smoke actually cause infections or simply worsen potential respiratory(呼吸的)issues,.the article raises a new health threat that is "certainly alarming",says Kelsey Jack,an associate professor of environmental and development economics.This is especially true for lower-income populations,Jack 5 says,because people with fewer protective means are often more exposed to the environment.If smoke is affecting the air quality in a certain area,the people who work outside,or who have to go to the office on foot or by bike will inhale more smoke than those who drive. But until more research is done,Chen says the best thing people can do is just follow existing recommendations when air quality is poor- including staying indoors,keeping windows and doors closed,using HEPA filters and running air conditioning. 1.What can we know about the microorganisms from Paragraph 2? A.Some could reproduce after fires. B.They could be killed by high heat C.They could possibly travel through air by themselves. D.Some could copy the smoke particulates. 2.How do most microorganisms affect people according to Dr.Peter Chen? A.They will cause lung infection. B.They might worsen lung diseases. C.They will destroy living environments. D.They might damage respiratory systems. 3.Why are lower-income people suffering more than others according to Kelsey Jack? A.They live in poor areas. B.They drive to and from work. C.They have suffered from lung disease. D.They are exposed to polluted air more frequently. 4.What does Chen advise people to do in the last paragraph? A.To wait for the results of more researches. B.To ignore the air quality and to work out outdoors. C.To follow previous suggestions on dealing with poor air quality. D.To avoid using filters and air conditioning. B (2026·晋城高二检测) Every person yawns.So do many other vertebrate(有脊椎的)animals,including snakes, dogs,cats,sharks,and chimpanzees.While yawning is contagious(会传染的)，not everyone catches a yawn.Around 60-70%of people yawn if they see another person yawn in real life or in a 一12 photo or even read about yawning.Contagious yawning also occurs in animals,but it doesn't necessarily work the same way as in people. Scientists have proposed many theories for why we catch yawns.Probably the most popular theory is that yawning serves as a form of nonverbal communication.Catching a yawn shows you're accustomed to a person's emotions.Scientific evidence comes from a 2010 study at the University of Connecticut,which concluded yawning does not become contagious until a child is about four years old when empathy(共情)skills develop.In the study,children with autism,who may have impaired empathy development,caught yawns less often than their peers. Studying contagious yawning in other animals may provide clues to how people catch yawns. Contagious yawning in animals may serve as a means of communication.Siamese fighting fish yawn when they see their mirror image or another fighting fish,generally just prior to an attack. Contagious yawning is linked to temperature, in both animals and people.Most scientists speculate it is a thermoregulatory behaviour,while some researchers believe it is used to communicate a potential threat or stressful situation.A 2010 study of budgerigars(虎皮鹦鹉)found that yawning increased as temperature was raised near body temperature. People commonly yawn when tired or bored. Similar behavior is seen in animals.One study found the brain temperature in sleep deprived rats was higher than their core temperature.Yawning reduced brain temperature,possibly improving brain function.Researchers will do further study on this. 5.What can we learn about yawning from Paragraph 1? A.All animals yawn. B.Reading about yawning may make a person yawn. C.Only vertebrate animals yawn. D.Yawning works the same for human and animals. 6.Why does the author mention children with autism in Paragraph 2? A.To prove a theory. 26 B.To define a concept. 8.What can be inferred from the passage? C.To develop the theme. A.More research in yawning will be carried out D.To provide the background. in the future. 7.Siamese fighting fish yawn to B.Temperature is not a factor concerning yawning. A.show kindness B.find a partner C.The secret to yawing has been worked out. C.give a threat D.escape from danger D.Yawning can improve brain function greatly. V.七选五 Have you ever realized in the middle of a dream that you're dreaming?If this happens during a nightmare(噩梦)，you can wake yourself up._1_Want to fly？Go right ahead!People call this type of experience a lucid dream(清醒梦). The key to lucid dreaming is realizing that you are in a dream.To do that,most people need some sort of signal,often called a "reality check".One way of checking is to look at a digital clock or words on a page,look away,and then look back again.2 Lucid dreaming enthusiasts recommend doing reality checks multiple times every day.The idea is to get so used to doing it during the day that you do it in dreams too. A handful of high-tech devices and even some apps promise a shortcut to lucid dreams.3 The goal is for the lights or sounds to show up in the dream.Then,the user is supposed to realize,"Hey,I'm dreaming！” 4 If the lights or sounds are too weak,the user won't notice them.If they are too bright or loud, they'll wake up the user.In addition,the device has to identify when the person is actually dreaming. Almost all dreams happen during a stage of sleep called REM short for rapid eye movement).When scientists want to identify REM sleep,they attach Aurora,a headband,to a person's head to measure brain waves.5 But think twice before you start saving up your allowance for a fancy headband.A recent scientific review of lucid dreaming devices found that none of them consistently produced results. A.Another way is to keep a dream journal. B.Unfortunately,this doesn't always work out. C.Successful lucid dreams involve practice and effort. D.These devices shine lights or sounds as reality checks. E.During dreams,it shines colored lights or play soft music. F.In a dream,words and numbers often shift or change completely. G.If it happens during a normal dream,you can decide what to dream about next. 1. 2 3 4. V.语法填空 (2026·成都高二检测) The first living robots,1. (term)as Xenobots,can reproduce on their own in a dish in a way not seen in plants and animals.This is not 2. science-fiction movie,but the result of a new study.They 3. create)in 2020 after experiments showed that under the right lab conditions, the cells formed small structures that could gather,move and work together in groups and self-heal. Are they living organisms 4.robots?Undeniably,they are organisms because they are made of stem cells from an African frog species and can reproduce.They are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor.Breakthrough 5. Xenobots are,concerns have been raised.Some people think the self-reproducing biotechnology is a potential threat,6. (say)more advanced future Xenobots could out-compete 7. human).In response to the worries,the researchers claim that the living machines are entirely contained in a lab,which 8. (mean)that the risks are manageable and stoppable. To be sure,the Xenobot technology is very new,but with its popularity,it may be used to address the diverse 9. (trick)issues in the body and the environment.Hopefully,in a world full of self- reproducing problems,studying Xenobots may lead scientists much 10. (close)to solutions. —127[练案 练案[1] I.1.that 2.purely 3.to 4.handled 5.to blame 6.frustrated 7.suspected 8.on 9.with/to 10.by II.1.decreased from 198 to 96 2.transform from an ordinary woman to a successful lady 3.subscribe to the values of the older generation 4.are infected with a virus 5.What frustrates him is Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学 家们认为烟雾也可能携带和传播传染病。发表在《科学》杂志 上的这一理论基于一项研究，该研究发现野火烟雾中充满了数 千种微生物，其中一些微生物会引起疾病。 l.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“You might think the high heat from fire would kill these organisms,but one study mentioned in the article found that some bacteria even multiply after fires. 可知，从第二段我们可以了解到有些微生物在火灾后还能再 生。故选A。 2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Many bacteria and fungi don't cause lung infections,says Chen,but it's certainly possible that a significant number could worsen symptoms in someone with a preexisting lung condition.”可知，陈彼得博士认为大多数微 生物可能会加重肺部疾病。故选B。 3.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This is especial山y true for lower-income populations,Jack says,because people with fewer protective means are often more exposed to the environment. 知，烟雾会传播疾病这件事对低收入的人群有更大的影响，是 因为他们更多地直接接触环境。故选D。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“But until more research is done,Chen says the best thing people can do is just follow existing recommendations when air quality is poor-including staying indoors,keeping windows and doors closed,using HEPA filters and running air conditioning.”可知，Dr.Chen在最后一段 建议人们遵循现有的避开恶劣空气的建议。故选C。 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们 提出的一些解释人们会打哈欠的理论。 5.B细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Around60一70%of people yawn if they see another person yawn in real life or in a photo or even read about yawning.”可知，读有关打哈欠的书可 能会让人打哈欠。故选B。 6.A推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Probably the most popular theory is that yawning serves as a form of nonverbal communication...who may have impaired empathy development, caught yawns less often than their peers.”可知，作者在第二段提 到自闭症儿童来证明一个理论：打哈欠是一种非语言交流形 式。故选A。 7.C推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Contagious yawning in animals may serve as a means of communication.Siamese fighting fish yawn when they see their mirror image or another fighting fish,generally just prior to an attack.”可知，这种鱼打哈欠以示 威胁。故选C。 8.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“One study found the brain temperature in sleep deprived rats was higher than their core temperature.Yawning reduced brain temperature,possibly improving brain function.Researchers will do further study on his.”可推知，未来还会有更多关于打哈欠的研究。故选A。 IV. 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清醒 梦—一在梦中意识到自己在做梦这一现象，以及如何进入清醒 梦，还介绍了帮助你进入清醒梦的高科技手段。 19 部分] 1.G设空前“If this happens during a nightmare（噩梦)，you can wake yourself up.”说，如果你在做噩梦，那你可以把自己叫醒， 下文“Want to fly?Go right ahead!”指出不是噩梦的时候应该 怎么做，由此可推知，空处应该是引起下文，G项“If it happens during a normal dream,you can decide what to dream about next. (如果它发生在一个正常的梦中，你可以决定接下来做什么 梦。)”符合语境。故选G。 2.F设空前“One way of checking is to look at a digital clock or words on a page,look away,and then look back again.”介绍了 检查自己是否在做清醒梦的一种方式；设空后“Lucid dreaming enthusiasts recommend doing reality checks multiple times every day.”指出清醒梦爱好者建议每天多次进行是否在 做清醒梦的检查。由此可知，空处应该是承接下文，讲明要多 次检查现实的原因，F选项“n a dream,words and numbers often shift or change completely.(在梦中，单词和数字经常完全 改变。)”符合语境。故选F。 3.D设空前“A handful of high-tech devices and even some apps promise a shortcut to lucid dreams.”介绍了一些高科技设备和 应用程序能够实现清醒梦：设空后“The goal is for the lights or sounds to show up in the dream.”指出（这个）目的是让灯光和 声音在梦中出现。由此可推知，设空处应该在说一些高科技 设备可以发出灯光和声音，选项D“These devices shine lights or sounds as reality checks.(这些设备可以发出灯光和声音，让 你检查是否是现实。)”符合上下文意，其中“These devices”和 上文“A handful of high-tech devices”相呼应。故选D。 4.B设空后“If the lights or sounds are too weak,the user won't notice them.If they are too bright or loud,they'll wake up the usr.”介绍如果灯光太亮或声音太响，会吵醒用户。这说明 高科技设备也有可能会让你无法进人清醒梦。选项B “Unfortunately,this doesn't always work out.(不幸的是，这并不 总是可行的。)”符合语境，引起下文。故选B。 5.E设空前“When scientists want to identify REM sleep,they attach Aurora,a headband,to a person's head to measure brain wves.”指出有一种叫作极光的头带可以测量用户的脑电波， 这种头带可以让你进人清醒梦。空处应该是承接上文，继续 描述这种头带的作用，选项E“During dreams,it shines colored lights or play soft music.”符合语境。故选E。 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第一批 有生命的机器人的情况。 1.termed考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词 为reproduce,所以设空处应填非谓语动词的形式，The first living robots和term之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词 作后置定语。故填termed。 2.a 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空后的movie为可数名词， 此处表泛指，需用不定冠词，且movie的修饰词science-fiction 的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 3.were created考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可 知，设空处需填句子的谓语动词，i2020为表示过去的时间 状语，句子主语They为复数，和create之间为动宾关系，所以 设空处需填一般过去时的被动语态的复数形式。故填were createdo 4.or考查连词。根据后文“Undeniably,they are organisms because..They are also robots because..labor”可知，空前的 “living organisms'”与空后“robots”之间为选择关系，应用or 连接。 5.as/though考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，concems have been raised是主句，设空处所在的句子为倒装结构，其结构为 “名词+as/though+主语+谓语+其他”，所以空处需填让步 状语从句的引导词as/though。 03 6.saying考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语动词 为think,空处需填非谓语动词作状语，句子主语Some people 与say之间是主谓关系，需填动词-ing形式。故填saying。 7.humans考查名词的单复数。分析句子结构可知，设空处需 填名词形式作out-compete的宾语，human为可数名词，应用其 复数形式。故填humans。 8.means考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空 处需填非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，which指代空前整句话 的内容，此处是客观陈述，所以谓语动词需用一般现在时的单 数形式。故填means 9.cky考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填形容 词作定语修饰名词issues,故填tricky。 10.closer考查比较级。分析句子结构及空前的much可知，设 空处需填副词比较级形式，修饰动词lead。故填closer。 练案[2] I.1.if 2.whether 3.what 4.that 5.what 6.why 7.who 8.when 9.when 10.what II.1.as if he couldn't think of 2.when we spent it together 3.that you'll come across a stunning peak 4.that she watched TV till midnight yesterday 5.that we should send some school supplies to those disaster areas Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传统木偶戏 中木偶的制作者王茂伟。 L.C细节理解题。根据第四段中“‘To make puppets,you need to have sensitivity and a basic foundation in the fine arts,'Wang sad.(‘要制作木偶，你需要对美术有敏感性和美术的基础，' 王茂伟说。)”可知，据王茂伟介绍，制作木偶戏需要对美术有 敏感性和基本的知识。故选C。 2.D细节理解题。根据第六段“Stick puppets are traditionally carved from wood and are both time-consuming to make and heavy to hold.Wang found that a special kind of kraft paper is a perfect substitute(替代品).It means craftspeople can put things inside the puppets'heads to allow them to be operated-the nose,eyes and mouth of a puppet can all move via the use of rods..（木偶戏 传统上是用木头雕刻而成的，制作耗时长，拿起来又很重。王 茂伟发现，一种特殊的牛皮纸是一种完美的替代品。这意味 着工匠们可以在木偶的头上放一些东西，以便操作一一木偶 的鼻子、眼睛和嘴巴都可以通过操纵杆移动。)”可知，王茂伟 决定用牛皮纸制作木偶是因为能使木偶更轻，更容易操作。 故选D。 3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Journey to the West,a classic Chinese novel,has been frequently adapted in puppet shows.In the tale,the Monkey King can use his eyes to distinguish monsters from ordinary human beings.To recreate this power in his show,Wang makes the Monkey King puppet shoot laser beams(激光)from his eyes and spit(喷)fire from his mouh.(中国经典小说《西游记》经常被改编成木偶剧。在这 个故事中，孙悟空可以用他的眼睛listinguish怪物和普通人。 为了在他的表演中重现这种力量，王茂伟让孙悟空从他的眼 睛里射出激光束，从他的嘴里吐火。)”可知，王茂伟让孙悟空 木偶从嘴里喷出火来，这让孙悟空木偶看起来是独一无二的」 故选B。 4.A词句猜测题。根据画线句“In the tale,the Monkey King can use his eyes to distinguish monsters from ordinary human beings.(在这个故事中，孙悟空可以用他的眼睛distinguish怪 物和普通人。)”和常识可知，孙悟空的眼睛可以区分怪物和 普通人，distinguish意为“区分”，A.tell区分，辨别；B. appreciate欣赏；C.enjoy喜欢；D.prevent阻止。故选A。 19 W.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。本文作者对未来2050 年的生活状况进行了合理想象，讲述了科学技术在人际关系、交 通工具、健康和环保等方面给人们生活带来的变化。 l.D根据上文“With the rapid development of science and technology,we don't know how different our life will be in the ture.(随着科学技术的快速发展，我们不知道我们未来的生 活会有多么不同。)”可知，上文提到未来的生活会有多么不 同，可见只能想象未来的生活。故D选项“我们只能想象”符 合语境，故选D。 2.F根据上文“At first we think about human relationships.nthe year 2050,we will use computers almost every day.We will be making new friends through the Internet-even our husbands or wives will be met in this way.(首先我们想到的是人际关系。 在2050年，我们将几乎每天都使用电脑。我们将通过互联网 结交新朋友，甚至我们的丈夫或妻子也会通过这种方式认 识。)”可知，前文讲述互联网在未来人际交往中的广泛应用。 由此可知，互联网使得人际关系更加快捷便利。故F选项 “这对我们来说将会更快和更容易”符合语境，故选F。 3.E根据后文“Traveling to other planets or to the moon will also be available for everyone.Means of transport will,of course, change,too.We will be using solar-powered cars,which will be much more environmentally friendly.(每个人都可以去其他星 球或月球旅行。当然，交通工具也会发生变化。我们将使用 太阳能汽车，这将更加环保。)”可知，本段所讲的是关于未来 的旅行。故E选项“度假也会完全不同”符合语境，故选E。 4.C根据上文“We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more polluted environment.But it isn't ue.(我们可以预见，更快的技术进步会导致更严重的环境 污染。但这不是真的。)”以及后文“And,scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases,like cancer or AlDS.Therefore,our surroundings as well as health will be in a better condition.(而且，科学家可能会找到许多危险疾病的治 疗方法，如癌症或艾滋病。因此，我们的环境和健康将在一个 更好的条件。)”可知，本段讲述的是关于未来的污染问题 根据前面“a more polluted environment'”和“But it isn'ttue”可 知，我们未来更加关注环保。故C选项“我们将更加重视环 境保护”符合语境，故选C。 5.B根据上文“But I think we should be rather confident about our future.（但我认为我们应该对未来充满信心。)”可知，上 文提到要对未来充满信心，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文 具体说明如何充满信心，故B选项“我们应该开心，相信好事 会发生”符合语境，故选B。 V. 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作 为副校长，克服了各种困难，把手球运动引入自己的乡村学校， 最终球队在第二年获得了比赛冠军。 1.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这成了一项具有挑战性的任 务，因为体育老师不愿意教授篮球等传统运动以外的任何运 动。A.appealing有吸引力的；B.challenging挑战性的；C. confusing难以理解的；D.amusing逗人笑的。根据句中的“as the sports teacher was unwilling to initiate anything traditional sports like basketball'”可知，由于体育老师不配合， 所以引入手球运动很有挑战性。故选B。 2.C考查介词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A.regardless of不 管，不顾；B.in relation to和…相比；C.other than除…以 外；D.in terms of在…方面。根据空前的“the sports teacher was unwilling to initiate anything”和空后的“traditional sports like basketball'”可知，这里表示体育老师不愿意教授篮球等传 统运动以外的任何运动。故选C。 3.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管在担任副校长之前我是一 名英语老师，但我决心不惜一切代价开始这个运动。A leaving离开；B.assuming承担（责任），就（职）；C.offering主动