Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 课文检测-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

XB2U1 Science and scientists Reading and Thinking JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” Cholera used to be one of the most 1._________ (fear) diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhea, dehydration, and even 2._________ (die). In the early 19th century, 3._________an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became 4._________ (frustrate) because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he 5._________ (rise) to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria 6._________ she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera 7.________________（彻底地）. In general, doctors in those days had two 8._________ (contradiction) theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed 9._________ the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. 10._________ (consequence), when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe 11._________ more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined 12._________ (find) out why. Snow began by marking on a map the exact places 13._________ all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). 14._________, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people 15._________(work) in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was 16._________ (blame). What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed 17._________ the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it 18._________ (deliver) to her house every day. As a result of his evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water 19._________ (carry) cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump 20._________ (remove) so that it could not be used. Through this 21._________ (intervene), the disease was stopped in its tracks. The 22._________ (true) was that the water from the Broad Street pump 23._________ (infect) by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies 24._________ (sell) water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who 25._________ (drink) this water were much more likely 26._________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or 27._________ (boil) water. 参考答案： 1. feared （形容词，令人害怕的；one of the most feared diseases 最令人恐惧的疾病之一） 2. death （名词，死亡，和 diarrhea, dehydration 并列） 3. when （时间状语从句：当霍乱爆发席卷欧洲时） 4. frustrated （形容词，感到沮丧的，修饰人） 5. rose （rise 过去式，rise to become 逐渐成为） 6. when （当维多利亚女王分娩的时候） 7. once and for all（彻底地，固定短语） 8. contradictory （形容词，相互矛盾的，修饰 theories） 9. to （固定搭配 subscribe to 赞同；支持） 10. Consequently（副词，因此，句首大写） 11. that （so…that… 如此…… 以至于……） 12. to find （be determined to do 决心做某事） 13. where （定语从句，先行词 places，关系副词 where 作地点状语） 14. However（副词，然而，表转折，句首大写） 15. had worked / worked（过去完成时 / 一般过去时；这些人一直在酒馆工作） 16. to blame （固定搭配 be to blame 应受责备；是罪魁祸首） 17. that （It seemed that… 似乎……） 18. delivered （have sth done 让某物被……；have it delivered 让人送水到家） 19. carried （一般过去时，谓语动词） 20. removed （have sth done，让人拆掉水泵把手） 21. intervention （名词，干预；this 后接名词） 22. truth （名词，真相；the 后接名词） 23. had been infected（过去完成时被动语态：水早已被废弃物污染） 24. sold （一般过去时，谓语） 25. drank （一般过去时，定语从句谓语） 26. to get （be likely to do 有可能做某事） 27. boiled （形容词，煮沸过的；boiled water 开水） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $