UNIT I Section I-【成才之路·学案】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

001 UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS ●话题词汇 Qualities Qualities modest ad山.谦虚的 creative adj.有创造力的 determined adj.坚定的 innovative ad.富有创新精神的 passionate ad.热诚的 honest ad山.正直的 persevering adj.坚韧不拔的 unselfish/selfless adj.无私的 talented ad.有才能的 progressive ad山.进步的 outstanding ad.杰出的 persistent ad.坚持不懈的 wam-hearted ad.热心的 exceptional ad.杰出的 cooperative adj.同心协力的 remarkable ad.非凡的 pioneering ad.开拓性的 extraordinary ad.卓越的 hard-working ad.工作努力的 devoted adj.全心全意的 self-sacrificing ad.自我牺牲的 strong-minded/.strong-willed adj.意志坚定的 professional ad山.职业的，专业的 committed ad.尽心尽力的，坚定的 patriotic ad山.爱国的 imaginative ad.富有想象力的 confident adj.自信的 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Achievements Achievements lead to/result in/bring about导致 make important /world-changing discoveries win the admiration of..赢得…的赞赏 重大/改变世界的发现 improve the quality of life提高生活质量 realize one's dream/make one's dream come bridge the gap between..and..缩小.与 …之间的差距 tue实现某人的梦想 make great contributions to...为…做出巨 prove the theory of...证明…理论 大贡献 find the solution to the problem找到解决问题 make a difference to...对…有影响 的办法 have a great effect/influence/impact on... be awarded the Nobel Prize获诺贝尔奖 对…有巨大影响 set an example to为…树立榜样 better understand the world更好地了解世界 002 Section I Listening and Speaking, Reading and Thinking 自虽预习 ①词汇记忆 5.pure ad.干净的；纯粹的；纯的 1. i.认购（股份）；定期订购；定期 .使（某物）洁净；洗涤（思 交纳（会费） 想)；净化（心灵） 2 ad山.数量多的；多种多样的 n.纯洁；纯净；纯粹 t.&i怀疑；疑有；不信任 6.transform vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变； n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 转变 4. l.把…归咎于；责怪；指责 n.变形；转变 n.责备；指责 W词块识记 n.把手；拉手；柄t.处理；搬 动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等） 最终地；彻底地 2 6. n.联系；纽带l.把…连接 同意；赞同 起来；相关联 幸亏；由于 7 a山.未煮的；生的；未经处理的； 4.die from 原始的 5.in time n.减少；降低；减少量t.&vi.6.attend to (使大小、数量等)减少；减小：降低 7.be determined to ①词汇认知 8.as a result of 1.cholera n. )句型感知 2.germ n. 1.Cholera used to be one of the most feared 3.household n. diseases in the world,until a British doctor, 4.statistic n. John Snow,showed how it could be overcome. ⑩词汇拓展 霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一，直到 l.frustrate v.使沮丧；使懊恼 英国医生约翰·斯诺展示了如何克服它。 ad.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 2.He discovered that in two particular streets the ad山.令人懊恼的；令人沮丧的 cholera outbreak was so severe that more than n.懊恼；沮丧 500 people died in ten days. 2.contradict v.反驳；相矛盾 他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，以至 ad.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一 致的 于十天内就有500多人死亡。 3.infect v.使感染；传染 3.It seemed that the woman liked the water from n.感染；传染 the pump so much that she had it delivered to her ad.感染的 house every day. 4.intervene v.干预；介入 该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天 n.介入；出面；干涉 都让人从那里打水运到家里来。 003 4.Through Snow's tireless efforts,water companies 2.Which of the following theories did John Snow began to sell clean water,and the threat of believe in? cholera around the world saw a substantial A.Bad air caused the disease. decrease. B.People absorbed cholera into their bodies with 经过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售纯净 their meals. 水，世界各地的霍乱威胁大幅度减少。 C.People got infected with cholera because of ①课文预读 cold and hunger. D.People suffered from cholera because they 一、Reading for the main idea were not clean. Match the main idea of each paragraph. 3.What was the key factor contributing to John Para.1 A.Snow collects information and offers Snow's discovery? solutions A.The government. Para.2 B.Snow desires to defeat cholera. B.The water company. Para.3 C.Snow is determined to investigate. C.The map made by himself. Para.4 D.John Snow is the father of modern D.The woman who had moved away from Broad epidemiology. Street. Para.5 E.Snow finds the truth of cholera. 4.What was John Snow's attitude when facing the 二、Reading for the details “King Cholera"? 1.What did John Snow desire to do as a young A.Negative. B.Determined. doctor? C.Unconcerned. D.Indifferent. A.To be a world-famous doctor. 5.Where does this text probably come from? B.To attend to Queen Victoria. A.A newspaper. B.A medical report. C.To prevent or treat cholera. C.A book review. D.A TV interview. D.To create a new theory. 要点探究 ●核心词汇 】联想扼展 (1)subscribe to同意，赞同；订购；捐款 1.subscribe vi.认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交 subscribe...to..在…上签署…；向 纳（会费】 …捐… 〉教材原句 (2)subscriber n.订阅人，订购者；定期捐款者 Snow subscribed to the second theory. (3)subscription n.集体捐助；订阅 斯诺赞同第二种看法。 )》温馨提示 》经典例句 subscribe to意为“同意，赞成”时，to为介词，后 If you subscribe to this newspaper,you'll get an 常跟view,belief,.theory等名词作宾语。 extra magazine. 〉》即学即用 如果你订阅这份报纸，你会额外得到一本 单句语法填空 杂志。 (1)(2023·新课标I卷)If you ever felt that We should subscribe to some magazines that are there is more to life than boring jobs,then why useful for our work. not subscribe it? 我们应该订阅一些对我们的工作有用的杂志。 004 (2)Some even offer a (subscribe)(2)Judging from his abnormal behaviour,I service with quarterly or even monthly suspected him (be)a thief. updates. (3)They became suspect)of his (3)Many companies subscribe behaviour and contacted the police. generously to the football club so far. 完成句子 (4)Write away now for the free album offered to (4)一些家长迟迟不肯采取这些措施，因为他们 every new (subscribe）. 怀疑自己的孩子在夸大其词 完成句子 Some parents hesitate to take these steps (5)(读后续写主旨升华)他赞同孩子们能从独 because they their child is 立中获益这一观点。 exaggerating. He that (5)警察怀疑他携带毒品，因此搜查了他的包， children benefit from being independent. 但什么也没发现。 2.suspect vt.&i.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪 The police 嫌疑人；可疑对象 so they went through his bag,but 》教材原句 found nothing. Snow suspected that the water pump was to 3.blame vt.把…归咎于；责怪；指责n.责 blame. 备；指责 斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。 )】教材原句 〉经典例句 Snow suspected that the water pump was to But Jane had nobody to prove her words. blame Suspected and feeling sad,Jane burst out 斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。 crying. )经典例句 但是简没有人来证明她的话。简被怀疑，感 Don't always blame your own failure on others. 到悲伤，突然哭了起来。 Sometimes you yourself are to blame. Two suspects in connection with the case are 不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该怪你自己。 now being questioned at present. (2023·新课标I卷)Oh,I didn't notice that. 与此案有关的两名嫌疑人目前正在接受 It's OK.Don't blame the waiter.He's been really 讯问。 nice. )联想拓展 哦，我没注意到。没关系。不要责怪服务员。 (1)suspect that...怀疑/认为…（尤指坏事 他真的很好。 可能属实或发生) )联想扼展 suspect sb.tobe.·.怀疑某人是 (1)be to blame(for sth.)该（为…）受责 suspect sb.of（doing)sth.怀疑某人（做 备；应该（为…）负责 过)某事 blame sth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人 (2)suspicious ad.可疑的；令人怀疑的 blame sb.for(doing)sth.因（做）某事责备 be suspicious of/about sth.对…怀疑 某人 》即学即用 be blamed for因…受谴责/责备 单句语法填空 (2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth..对某事 (1)We suspected the officer having 负责任 a hand in the affair. lay/put the blame on把责任归咎于… 005 )》温馨提示 (2)link A to/with B将A与B联系/连接起来 当表示“某人因某事而受到指责”时，通常用 link up(with sb./sth.)(与某人/某物)连 sb.be blamed for sth.;当表示“某人因某事而 接，结合 应该受到指责”时，则用sb.be to blame be linked to/with..与…有联系/有关 for sth. 》即学即用 )》即学即用 单句语法填空 单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标I卷)People often link their (1)(2024·新课标I卷)I see what you mean. memory of what they've read These days you can see traffic jams around how far into the book it was or where it was on schools that drop off at pick-up times,but it's the page. hard (blame)the parents. (2)The video cameras (link）toa (2)The failure of the experiment cannot be blamed powerful computer. him alone. (3)The space shuttle will link up (3) (blame)by the teacher,Mary the space station this afternoon. 完成句子 was pulling a long face. (4)(应用文之健康)这项研究进一步证实了吸 (4)She blamed her husband the 烟与癌症之间的联系。 failure of their marriage. 完成句子 The study further strengthens the evidence (5)很多人发现早上起床很困难，并将责任归咎 (5)有充分的证据表明皮肤癌和阳光暴晒有 于闹钟。 关系。 Lots of people find it hard to get up in the There is convincing proof that skin cancer morning,and the alarm clock 5.decrease n.减少；降低；减少量vt.&vi.(使 4.ikn.联系；纽带vt.把…连接起来；相 大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 关联 》教材原句 》教材原句 Water companies began to sell clean water,and Moreover,Snow was later able to show a link the threat of cholera around the world saw a between other cases of cholera and the different substantial decrease. water companies in London. 饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的 此外，斯诺之后证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦 威胁大幅降低。 敦多家饮用水公司有关。 〉经典例句 》经典例句 Teenagers'understanding of ancient Chinese A chain is no stronger than its weakest link. traditions and customs is on the decrease/is 链条的坚固程度取决于最薄弱的环节。 decreasing,but thanks to various relevant The new bridge will link the island to the activities,the number of those who appreciate mainland. Chinese traditions is on the increase/is 这座新桥将把岛屿和大陆连接起来。 increasing 》联想扼展 青少年对中国古代传统和习俗的了解正在减 (l)a link between..(and..)…(和…) 少，但多亏了各种相关活动，欣赏中国传统的 之间的连接（联系）》 人数正在增加。 006 〉联想扼展 〉》联想扼展 (1)decrease to...减少到… 表示“因为，由于”的其他短语： decrease by..减少了 because of作状语 decrease from..to...从…减少到… due to作状语和表语 decrease in在某方面下降 owing to作状语和表语 (2)on the decrease正在减少 on account of作状语，位置可前可后 〉温馨提示 as a result of作状语 as a consequence of作状语 decrease同义词：reduce/decline/go down/fall/ 》即学即用 drop /shrink 〉即学即用 单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)So I absolutely think we 单句语法填空 will get more riders just because (1)The price of the shoes decreased short stories,she says. 198 96. (2)(2024·新课标I卷)Due a (2)There has been a steady decrease big storm,my flight had been delayed by an the number of visitors. hour and a half. (3)The price of wheat has decreased (3)Thanks the correct leadership of 5%. the Party,China has entered a stage of rapid (4)The decrease)numbers of fish development. make fishing much more difficult. 完成句子 同义句转换 (4)(应用文之感谢信)由于你的帮助，我们及时 (5)Because of human activities,the number of 完成了工作。 some rare animals is decreasing. your >Because of human activities,the number of help,we finished the work in time. some rare animals ●重点句型 decrease n. 1.Cholera used to be one of the most feared 6.thanks to幸亏；由于 diseases in the world,until a British doctor, 》教材原句 John Snow,showed how it could be overcome. Fortunately,we now know how to prevent cholera 在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战 thanks to the work of John Snow. 胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的 幸运的是，多亏了约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现 疾病之 在知道如何预防霍乱了。 )句型剖析 )经典例句 本句是一个复合句。句中until引导时间状语 I hold the strong belief that your outstanding 从句。若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么主 success is due to/owing to your hard work and 句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续 tireless efforts. 性的，则主句常用否定式，构成not..until.. 我坚信你杰出的成就是因为你的勤奋工作和 结构。 不懈努力。 】经典例句 The town was cut off from the rest of the world They didn't begin to celebrate until they knew because of the heavy snow. their victory was secure. 由于大雪，这个城镇与外界隔绝了。 直到他们知道胜利已经确定，才开始庆祝。 007 Mr Smith didn't know about paper-cutting (读后续写之人物描写)He has made such until he came to China great progress that the teachers are pleased 史密斯先生直到来到中国才知道剪纸。 with him. 〉联想拓展 他进步很快，老师们对他感到很满意。 (1)not..until..意为“直到…才…”，引 〉联想拓展 导时间状语从句。 (1)so..that..“如此…以至于…”结构 (2)在not..until..句型中，可以把not until 的其他形式： 提到句首，此时主句用部分倒装语序。 adj./adv.+that... (3)not..until....句型的强调句式为Itis/was S0+ ad.+a(n)+单数可数名词+that. not until...that... many/few/much/little+名词+that.. )》即学即用 (2)such..that..意为“如此…以至 单句语法填空 于…”，连接一个表示结果的状语从句 (1)(2024·新课标I卷)Well,it won't get better 时，与so..that..意思相同，但用法不 late Wednesday.Anyway,I 同。such..that..的句型结构可分以下 have to move the car away from the trees. 三种： (2)(2023·新课标I卷)In fact, 「a(n)+ad山+可数名词单数 wait until you've made a mistake to try this- +that... such it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any ad山.+可数名词复数+that.. time. ad,+不可数名词+hat., 一句多译 (3)当so或such以及它们所修饰的部分位于 (3)(2023·新课标I卷读后续写)直到我听到 句首时，主句应用部分倒装形式。 消息，我才意识到自己赢得了比赛。 〉》温馨提示 → 巧记“so/such..that..”中so和such的用法 had won the contest.(倒装句) 区别： → 名前such,形副so;多多少少(many/much/ had won the contest.(强调句) few/little)也用so;little一词特殊记，“小”用 such,“少”用so。 2.He discovered that in two particular streets the 》即学即用 cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 单句语法填空 500 people died in ten days. (1)(2024·新课标I卷)After Charlie had a 他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，10 heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared 天内就有500多人死亡。 to put him to sleep,but Farber's treatments 》句型剖析 eased her dog's suffering so much 句中so severe that...属于so..that..意为 she was able to keep him alive for an “如此…以至于…”结构，引导结果状语 additional five months. 从句，此结构中$0为副词，后面跟形容词或 (2)（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some students get 副词。 interested in gardening that )经典例句 they bring home seeds to start their own The city is so popular that many people want to vegetable gardens. go there for a trip this year. (3)The little girl speaks English so 这个城市很受欢迎，很多人今年都想去那里 (fluent)that many people think she is a native 旅游。 of England. 008 句型转换 I had my leg broken when I got off the bus (4)(读后续写之环境描写)风刮得那么大，我们 下公共汽车时我的腿摔断了。 简直寸步难行。 〉联想加展 The wind was so strong that we could hardly “have+宾语+宾补”结构通常有以下几种 move forward 形式： → that have sth.done使某事被做；蒙受（他人所为的 we could hardly move forward.（倒装结构) 后果) 3.It seemed that the woman liked the water from have sb.do sth.让某人做某事相当于let/make the pump so much that she had it delivered to sb.do sth.get sb.to do sth. her house every day. have sb./sth.doing..让某人/某物处于某种 该妇女似乎非常喜欢（饮用）从水泵抽上来 状态/作出某种反应指动作正在进行 的水，她每天都让人（从那里）送水到她家。 )即学即用 单句语法填空 》句型剖析 (1)(2024·新课标I卷)Volunteers under the had it delivered是“have+宾语+宾补”结构， age of 18 must have the parent/guardian delivered是过去分词作宾补。 approval section （s1gn). 〉经典例句 (2)Just a minute.I'll have Bob Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good show)you to your room. way to have her English improved in a short 完成句子 period. (3)(应用文之道歉信)很抱歉让你在这儿等这 珍妮希望史密斯先生会推荐一个使她的英语 么久。 水平在短时间内得到提高的好方法。 I'm sorry 随堂达标 I.单词拼写 8.Literature and art exert an imperceptible influence 1.They have the confidence and ability to on people's (思想) （处理)the important matter well. 9.He was born severely disabled,but he never felt 2.f untreated. the illness can become (沮丧的)，nor did he give in to (十分严重的) any difficulty. 3. The number of poor men is on the 10.Faced with the two apparently (下降)as the economy is (矛盾的)statements,Helen had no idea who growing. she should trust. 4.The company has been (转变) Ⅱ.一词多义/熟词生义 from a family business to a multi-million-pound (一)一词多义 operation. subscribe:A.vi.定期捐款B.vi.认购（股份 5.If you lose your job,you'll only have yourself to C.vi.同意/赞成D.vi.订阅 (责备). 6.You'd better ask your own questions,look for 1.I subscribe to Reader's Digest magazine. your own examples,and discover your own 2.We subscribe to an animal protection society. (证据). 7.John got a serious throat (感染)，3.Each employee may subscribe for up to$2,000 which meant he couldn't sing. worth of shares. 009 4.We no longer subscribe to the view that disabled 2. (frustrate)because no one knew how people are unsuitable as teachers. to prevent or treat cholera.3. he never (二)熟词生义 lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all. 1.Some of the proofs they produced were highly Snow subscribed to the theory that cholera suspect 4 cause)by an 5. infect) 2.Linking arms with one of the instructors,I from germs in food or water.Snow began by helped carry the young man out of the water. 6 mark)on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.As 7. 3.She is a strong woman who has risen to the top of result,John Snow was able to announce that the international organisation. pump water 8. （cary)cholera germs.. 4.It is the case of a 57-year-old man who had 9. (according),he had the handle of the suffered a stroke. pump 10. (remove)so that it could not be Ⅲ.课文语法填空 used.Through this intervention,the disease was 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单 stopped in its tracks 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 夯基提能作业 In the early 19th century,1 a 请同学们认真完成练案[1] severe cholera hit Europe,John Snow became Section Discovering Useful Structures ●语法概览 that引导 ①无意义②不充当句子成分③不可省略 whether引导 ①表“是否”的意思②不充当句子成分③不可省略 who,whom,whose. what,which引导 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语 表 语 where,when,why. 在从句中充当地点、时间、原因、方式状语成分 句 how引导 because,as if/ 常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,appear等后面 as though引导 从句的语序要用陈述句语序 注意事项 表示原因时，要用that来引导，而不是because 表示问接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，用虚拟语气 ●语法精讲 三、表语从句的用法 一、表语从句的概念 1.连接词的用法 在主从复合句中充当表语的从句，叫作表语 (1)hat引导表语从句 从句。它常位于系动词之后，用来说明主语 在句子中不充当句子成分，无意义也不可省略。 的身份或特征。 One of his first findings was that articles in the 二、表语从句的连接词 science section were much more likely to make 从属连词：that/whether the list than non-science articles. 连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what. 他最初的发现之一是，科学版块的文章比非科 连接副词：when/where/why/how. 学版块的文章更有可能上榜。 其他词：asif/as though/because.,.学案及练案部分 参芳答案 [学案部分] Ⅱ.()1.D2.A3.B4.C UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS （二)1.不可信的2.挽住3.变得更加成功4.案例 IlI.1.when 2.frustrated 3.But 4.was caused 5.infection Section I Listening and Speaking, 6.marking 7.a 8.carried 9.Accordingly 10.removed Reading and Thinking Section II Discovering Useful Structures 自主预习 语法精练 词汇记忆 1. 1.subscribe2.multiple3.suspect4.blame5.handle6.link1.that考查名词性从句。句意：在线学习最明显的优势是你可 7.raw 8.decrease 以随时随地学习。空处引导表语从句，只起连接作用，无具体 词汇认知 含义。故填that。 1.霍乱 2.how考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据 2.微生物；细菌；病菌 句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+odo不定式结构作 3.一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人 宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 4.[p以.s]统计数字；统计资料；统计学 3.wy考查名词性从句。句意：对我们来说，掌握一些基本的 词汇拓展 生活技能为我们未来的生活做准备是很重要的。这就是为什 1.frustrated frustrating frustration 2.contradictory 么我在五一期间学会了做饭。空处引导表语从句，且在表语 3.infection infectious 4.intervention 5.purify purity 从句中作原因状语。故填why。 6.transformation 4.that考查名词性从句。句意：训练非常艰苦，但对我来说最 词块识记 困难的是我受伤了，这伤可能会让我缺席好几年。空处引导 1.once and for all 2.subscribe to 3.thanks to 表语从句，只起连接作用，无具体含义。故填that。 4.死于5.及时；最终6.照料7.下决心8.由于 5.whether考查名词性从句。句意：然而，问题是，这是否是发 课文预读 展中国家最需要的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句 一、BCAED 且在从句中不作成分，再根据主句中的question可知，此处表 二、1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A 示“是否”。故填whether。 要点探究 6.what考查名词性从句。句意：这是我父亲教我的一一总是 核心词汇 直面困难，并寄子最大的希望。空处引导表语从句，且从句中 1.(1)to (2)subscription (3)have subscribed (4)subscriber taught后缺直接宾语，表示“…的事物”，故用what。句中的 (5)subscribes to the view to always face difficulties and hope for the best是what指代t的内 2.(1)of (2)to be (3)suspicious (4)suspect that 容。故填what。 (5)suspected him of carrying drugs 7.how考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径， 3.(1)to blame (2)on (3)Blamed (4)for 这就是我们如何到达的。空处引导表语从句。根据By boat (5)put the blame on 和句意可知，此处指方式。故填how。 4.(1)to (2)are linked (3)with (4)linking smoking with cancer 8.wy考查名词性从句。句意：对旅行者来说，罗马的物价可 (5)is linked to exposure to the sun 能很高，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅社。分析句子结构 5.(1)from to (2)in (3)by (4)decreasing 可知，which.·a hostel是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个 (5)is on the decrease 主句，空处引导的从句在该定语从句中作表语，空处表示 6.(1)of (2)to (3)to (4)Thanks to/Because of/Owing to “…的原因”。故填why。 重点句型 9.that考查名词性从句。句意：我缺席的原因是我必须照顾我 1.(1)until (2)don't 的小妹妹。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句且在从句 (3)Not until I heard the news did I realize that It was not until I 中不作成分，也无具体含义。故填hat。 heard the news that I realized that 10.that考查名词性从句。句意：事实是，不同的人对克隆有不 2.(1)that (2)so (3)fluently (4)So strong was the wind 同的看法。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句且在从句 3.(1)signed (2)show (3)to have you waiting here so long 中不作成分，也无具体含义。故填that。 随堂达标 II.1.whose name should be put on the top of the list I.1.handle 2.severe 3.decrease 4.transformed 5.blame 2.who is suitable for the position 6.proofs 7.infection 8.thinking 9.frustrated 3.why Sara apologised to me 10.contradictory 4.how they overcame the difficulties 181