Unit 4 课时6 Presenting ideas（分层作业）英语新教材外研版九年级上册

Unit 4 Heroes Heroes课时6 Presenting ideas 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. nation /ˈneɪʃn/ n. 民族；国家 2. promising /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/ adjective 有希望的；有前途的 3. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/ n. 先锋；先驱；开拓者 4. example /ɪɡˈzɑːmpl/ n. 榜样，楷模 句型 1. What is the quality of a hero?英雄具备什么样的品质？ 2.A hero gives her life for the country.英雄为祖国献出自己的生命。 3.A hero takes responsibility in difficult situations.英雄在困境之中勇于承担责任。 4.A hero works hard for a better world.英雄为创造更美好的世界而努力奋斗。 5.Her efforts have helped over 2000 girls go to university and change their lives 她的努力已经 帮助2000多名女孩考上大学，改变了她们的人生。 6.A promising nation cannot be without heroes and a promising country cannot be without pioneers。 一个有希望的民族不能没有英雄，一个有前途的国家不能没有先锋。 ) 一、单词默写 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______________ n. 民族；国家 2. _______________ adjective 有希望的；有前途的 3. _______________ n. 先锋；先驱；开拓者 4. _______________ n. 榜样，楷模 二、词组默写 1. ________________________ 出生于 2. ________________________ 梦想（过去式） 3. ________________________ 从早到晚辛苦工作 4. ________________________ 在困境中承担责任 5. ________________________ 为国献身 6. ________________________ 为更美好的世界努力奋斗 7. ________________________ 实现某人的梦想 8. ________________________ 为……奉献一切 9. ________________________ 上大学 10. ________________________ 改变人生 11. ________________________ 屈服、退让 12. ________________________ 持续鼓励某人做某事 13. ________________________ 被……深深打动 三、根据要求完成句子 1. Yang Liwei________ ________ ________ Liaoning. 杨利伟出生于辽宁。 2. He ________ ________ travelling into space. 他梦想遨游太空。 3. He ________ many years ________ ________ space flight. 他花费许多年为太空飞行接受训练。 4. He ________ ________ ________ ________, ________ ________ ________ a good astronaut. 他从早到晚刻苦训练，努力成为一名优秀的宇航员。 5. He ________ lots of difficulties, but he never gave up. 他遇到许多困难，但是他从不放弃。 6. He is a brave man ________ ________ ________. 他是一位永不屈服的勇士。 7. ________ ________ ________ and inspire young people. 他的梦想延续着，激励着年轻人。 8. He ________ ________ ________ a national hero who ________ China’s space dream ________ ________. 他作为实现中国航天梦的民族英雄被人们铭记。 9. His example ________ ________ ________ teenagers to study hard for our country. 他的事迹持续激励青少年为祖国努力学习。 10. ________ ________ ________ ________ Yang Liwei’s courage and hard‑working spirit. 我被杨利伟的勇气与拼搏精神深深打动。 11. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, He practised day after day. 为了实现中国的航天梦，他日复一日刻苦练习。 12. I am going to ________ ________ ________ a true national hero, Yang Liwei. 我要向大家介绍一位真正的民族英雄——杨利伟。 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Yue Fei is a great ________ (nation) hero. All Chinese people respect him very much. 2．The ________ (pioneer) spirit of scientists encourages young people to explore the unknown. 3．The ________ (榜样) of Lei Feng is a great inspiration for us to help others. 4. He was voted _____________( promising) new actor for his part in the movie. 二、阅读还原 从 A-F 六个选项中选出五个填入短文空缺处，使短文完整流畅 How to Make a Presentation About a Local Hero Making a slide presentation about a local hero is a wonderful way to honour someone you admire. 1 Here are some steps to help you create a great presentation. First, choose your hero carefully. 2 This will make your presentation more heartfelt and personal. Second, gather information about your hero’s life and deeds. 3 Find out what they did that made them a hero. Third, organise your ideas into a clear structure. 4 A good presentation usually has an opening, body, and conclusion. Finally, practise your presentation. 5 With enough practice, you will feel more confident when you present to your audience. A．You should choose someone who has a special meaning to you. B．This can help you remember what to say and make your presentation smoother. C．It is important to use many pictures and videos in your presentation. D．You can talk to their family members or search online. E．A clear structure helps your audience understand your message better. F．It is a meaningful way to share their story with others. 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式补全短文 Alexander Fleming is considered one of the most important 1 (scientist) of the 20th century. He was born in Scotland in 1881 and 2 (study) medicine at St Mary’s Hospital in London. Fleming was 3 (excite) that his discovery of penicillin could save many lives. Before penicillin, even a small cut could lead 4 serious infection. Many patients died because there was no effective 5 (treat). In 1928, Fleming came back from holiday and noticed something 6 (usual) in his laboratory. There was mould growing in one of the 7 (dish), and around the mould, there were no bacteria. He was 8 (surprise) that the mould could kill bacteria. He called this substance “penicillin”. However, Fleming was 9 (aware) that it would take more than ten years before penicillin could be produced in large quantities. It was only in the 1940s 10 scientists in the United States managed to develop it for wide use. Fleming’s accidental discovery shows us that sometimes great achievements come from careful observation and an open mind. 1、 完形填空 （25-26·九年级上·安徽池州·期末）De Xian Jin Zhi, or Gezhi Town in English, is a touching war movie, the story of which 1 between 1937 and 1943. Xiao Zhan plays Mo Dexian, a common worker who fixes machines. He just wants a 2 life with his family. They leave Nanjing and stay in a small town. For a short time, they live 3 there. But peace ends soon. Three Japanese soldiers come and break the quiet days. At first, Mo feels 4 and just wants to keep his family safe. After some of his neighbors are killed by the Japanese soldiers, he decides to protect his family and the little town bravely. He uses his 5 skills to make weapons (武器) from the farming tools. He leads the people in the town to fight back 6 the enemies and guard their home together. The movie tells us heroes are not born—common people can be heroes 7 dangerous situations. Xiao Zhan’s great 8 makes the role seem real and touching. We see Mo’s growth clearly: he 9 from a man who wants to live quietly to a brave fighter. The movie has both humor and sad moments. It shows us a truth: 10 war breaks out, common people’s courage and love will never disappear. 1．A．takes place B．takes off C．takes away D．takes up 2．A．noisy B．peaceful C．busy D．boring 3．A．angrily B．happily C．quickly D．sadly 4．A．excited B．proud C．relaxed D．afraid 5．A．cooking B．writing C．repairing D．dancing 6．A．for B．against C．with D．about 7．A．in B．on C．at D．by 8．A．purpose B．problem C．performance D．practice 9．A．changes B．reaches C．finishes D．advises 10．A．how B．what C．why D．when 2、 阅读理解 A We can all think of heroes (英雄) in our lives. But, have you ever thought about what it really takes to be a hero? What does someone have to do to become a hero? Well, in my opinion, there are three characteristics (特征) of a hero. First of all, heroes help others ★ . For example, a hero may help someone in a dangerous situation. Or, a hero may provide a service for people who need help. Second, heroes help others even when there are risks. This means that heroes will help even in situations where there is a chance that they will get hurt as a result of their actions. Finally, heroes help others even when there is no reward for their actions. They don’t do good things because they want to get something for themselves in return. They just help because they believe it is the right thing to do. For example, take the story of Laurie Eldridge. One day, Ms. Eldridge was outside in her garden, when she looked up and saw a car parked on some nearby train tracks (轨道). Inside the car was an 81-year-old woman who didn’t notice there was a train coming toward her. Ms. Eldridge ran to the car and pulled the woman out of it just before the train arrived. Laurie Eldridge saved the woman, but she didn’t think her actions were brave. She said she just did what any person would do. To me, Laurie Eldridge is a hero. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking questions. 2．Which one can be put in ★ ? A．in need B．in person C．in order D．in public 3．What does the underlined word “reward” mean in Chinese? A．辛苦 B．努力 C．回报 D．汗水 4．Which of the following people can be called a hero according to the passage? A．Peter teaches students for free in the village. B．Sally spent all day making a plan for the next month. C．Jake often helps his mother do housework on the weekend. D．Mary turned down her friend’s invitation to play the guitar for her grandmother. 5．Why does the writer give an example of Laurie in Paragraph 3? A．To praise Laurie Eldridge. B．To explain the characteristics of a hero. C．To show the kindness of Laurie Eldridge. D．To call for more people to help others. B When we talk about heroes, we often think of movie characters (角色) with super powers (超能力). But in real life, heroes are ordinary people who do great things for our society. Heroes are not born brave. They are ordinary people who choose to help others in trouble. They show great kindness and are always ready to do the right thing. For example, doctors save lives. Teachers help children grow and learn. Scientists work hard to make our lives better. Heroes don’t have to be famous. It means making the world a better place in quiet ways. A kind neighbour, a student who stands up for a friend, or a volunteer who cleans up a park—they are all heroes. They do this not for money or thanks, but to make a difference. Why are these people so important to us? Because their actions, big or small,give us hope and power. They inspire us to help others. We can all learn from these heroes. You don’t need to do big things to be a hero.Helping a classmate, taking care of a lost animal, or saying a kind word to someone who is sad—these can mean a lot. Everyone can be a hero in their own way. 1．Which of the following is NOT a quality of heroes? A．Being willing to help others in trouble. B．Doing good things for money or thanks. C．Showing kindness and doing the right thing. D．Making the world better in quiet ways. 2．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Only people who help animals can be real heroes. B．We should try to become as brave as famous heroes. C．It is very difficult to become a hero without super power. D．Everyone can be a hero by doing small, kind acts in daily life. 3．What will probably be talked about next? A．A list of the most famous superheroes in movies. B．A story about an ordinary person showing kindness. C．The difficulties of becoming a doctor or a scientist. D．Reasons why some people choose not to help others. 3、 阅读与表达 Wang Zhenyi (1768—1797) was a famous woman scientist. She was very interested in reading when she was a child and was very clever. Her grandfather was her first teacher in astronomy (天文学), her grandmother was her teacher of poems, and her father taught her medicine, geography, and maths. Although she only lived to be twenty-nine, Wang Zhenyi wrote a lot of articles on astronomy, such as Theory of the Earth’s Roundness. Not only did she study the research (研究) of others, but also she was able to do her own research. Wang’s most famous experiment (实验) was made at her home in Nanjing. She placed a round table in a garden, to be the earth and hung (悬挂) a lamp, to be the sun. Then on one side of the table she had a round mirror as the moon. She moved these three things as if they were the sun, earth, and moon. Her findings were recorded in her article, The Explanation of a Solar Eclipse. She worked hard at her study of maths. She rewrote the book Principles of Calculation and this made learning maths easier for beginners. She also wrote a book called The Simple Principles of Calculation when she was twenty-four. Her studies were difficult but she once said, “There were times that I had to put down my pen. But I love the subject, I won’t give up.” 1．When was Wang Zhenyi born? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．Who taught Wang Zhenyi poems? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．Where did Wang Zhenyi make her most famous experiment? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．Why did Wang Zhenyi rewrite the book Principles of Calculation? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．What can you learn from Wang Zhenyi? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、完形填空 （2023·青海省中考） Can you sing the song Lonely Warrior(孤勇者)? The song is very popular 1 many people. Almost 2 likes it. The writer of the lyrics is Tang Tian. She 3 ill at the age of twenty-nine. Her illness was 4 serious that she might die soon. But to our 5 , she beat it. Then she wrote down 6 story and named it Lonely Warrior. This song is really 7 . We can get strength(力量) from it. It also encourages people 8 problems bravely. Teachers use the song to guide their 9 . Doctors 10 their patients with it. It works very well. Let’s sing and feel it together, “Who said that a hero is the one who stands in the light? …” 1．A．of B．from C．at D．with 2．A．no one B．everyone C．nobody D．someone 3．A．is B．are C．was D．were 4．A．so B．such C．so a D．such a 5．A．pity B．shame C．pain D．surprise 6．A．his B．her C．my D．your 7．A．careful B．harmful C．powerful D．awful 8．A．to solve B．solve C．solving D．to solving 9．A．workers B．actors C．farmers D．students 10．A．fix up B．cheer up C．turn up D．look up 2、 阅读理解 （26-27九年级上·湖南长沙·阶段检测） On July 23, 2026, Chinese mathematician Hong Wang won the Fields Medal (菲尔兹奖) at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Philadelphia (费城国际数学家大会). The Fields Medal is known as “the Nobel Prize of Mathematics”, one of the highest honors in the math world. She became the first Chinese female citizen to win this prize, together with another Chinese mathematician, Yu Deng. Wang was born in Guilin, Guangxi, in 1991. Her road to success was full of difficulties. At 16, she went to Peking University. But she failed to enter the math department because her scores were not high enough. She studied in the School of Earth and Space Sciences first. With her efforts, she passed a major-change exam one year later and finally studied math. In 2019, she got her PhD from MIT and now works as a professor in France. One of her biggest achievements is that she successfully solved the famous 3D Kakeya Conjecture (三维挂谷猜想). It’s so puzzling that no scientist has solved it for nearly a century. Her work brought great progress to geometric (几何的) measure theory. As only the third woman to win the medal, Wang hopes to inspire more young people. In interviews, she shared, “Don’t worry. Take your time.” Her story tells us that curiosity and persistence can help us overcome even the hardest challenges. 1．What can we learn about the Fields Medal? A．It is only for Chinese mathematicians. B．It is called “the Nobel Prize of Mathematics”. C．It is the world’s highest prize for all subjects. 2．Which is the correct order of Hong Wang’s experiences? ① She got her PhD from MIT. ② She passed a major-change exam. ③ She solved the 3D Kakeya Conjecture. ④ She studied in the School of Earth and Space Sciences. A．② → ③ → ① → ④ B．④ → ② → ③ → ① C．④ → ② → ① → ③ 3．What does the underlined word “puzzling” probably mean? A．令人好奇的 B．容易解决的 C．令人费解的 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Advice for Young Math Learners B．Hong Wang: An Inspiring Math Pioneer C．A Hard Math Problem: 3D Kakeya Conjecture $ Unit 4 Heroes Heroes课时6 Presenting ideas 分层作业 参考答案 一、单词默写 1.nation 2.promising 3.pioneer 4.example 2、 词组默写 1.be born in 2.dreamt of 3.work from morning to night 4.take responsibility in difficult situations 5.give one’s life for the country 6.work hard for a better world 7.realise one’s dream 8.give everything for 9.go to university 10.change one’s life 11.give in 12.continue to encourage sb to do sth 13.be deeply moved by 三、 根据要求完成句子 1. was born in, 2.dreamt of, 3.spent; training for, 4.worked from morning to night; trying to become, 5.met, 6.who never gives in, 7.His dreams live on, 8.is remembered as; made; come true, 9.continues to encourage, 10.I am deeply moved by, 11.To achieve China's space dream, 12.introduce you to 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．national 2．pioneering 3．example 4. the most promising 二、阅读还原 1．F 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．B 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式补全短文 1．scientists 2．studied 3．excited 4．to 5．treatment 6．unusual 7．dishes 8．surprised 9．unaware 10．that 1、 完形填空 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 二、阅读理解 A 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B B 1．B 2．D 3．B 三、阅读与表达 1．In 1768. 2．Her grandmother. 3．At her home in Nanjing. 4．To help beginners learn maths. 5．回答合理即可。参考答案：Her spirit of loving learning. 一、完形填空 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 二、阅读理解 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 4 Heroes Heroes课时6 Presenting ideas 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. nation /ˈneɪʃn/ n. 民族；国家 2. promising /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/ adjective 有希望的；有前途的 3. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/ n. 先锋；先驱；开拓者 4. example /ɪɡˈzɑːmpl/ n. 榜样，楷模 句型 1. What is the quality of a hero?英雄具备什么样的品质？ 2.A hero gives her life for the country.英雄为祖国献出自己的生命。 3.A hero takes responsibility in difficult situations.英雄在困境之中勇于承担责任。 4.A hero works hard for a better world.英雄为创造更美好的世界而努力奋斗。 5.Her efforts have helped over 2000 girls go to university and change their lives 她的努力已经 帮助2000多名女孩考上大学，改变了她们的人生。 6.A promising nation cannot be without heroes and a promising country cannot be without pioneers。 一个有希望的民族不能没有英雄，一个有前途的国家不能没有先锋。 ) 一、单词默写 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______________ n. 民族；国家 2. _______________ adjective 有希望的；有前途的 3. _______________ n. 先锋；先驱；开拓者 4. _______________ n. 榜样，楷模 【答案】1.nation 2.promising 3.pioneer 4.example 二、词组默写 1. ________________________ 出生于 2. ________________________ 梦想（过去式） 3. ________________________ 从早到晚辛苦工作 4. ________________________ 在困境中承担责任 5. ________________________ 为国献身 6. ________________________ 为更美好的世界努力奋斗 7. ________________________ 实现某人的梦想 8. ________________________ 为……奉献一切 9. ________________________ 上大学 10. ________________________ 改变人生 11. ________________________ 屈服、退让 12. ________________________ 持续鼓励某人做某事 13. ________________________ 被……深深打动 【答案】 1.be born in 2.dreamt of 3.work from morning to night 4.take responsibility in difficult situations 5.give one’s life for the country 6.work hard for a better world 7.realise one’s dream 8.give everything for 9.go to university 10.change one’s life 11.give in 12.continue to encourage sb to do sth 13.be deeply moved by 三、根据要求完成句子 1. Yang Liwei________ ________ ________ Liaoning. 杨利伟出生于辽宁。 2. He ________ ________ travelling into space. 他梦想遨游太空。 3. He ________ many years ________ ________ space flight. 他花费许多年为太空飞行接受训练。 4. He ________ ________ ________ ________, ________ ________ ________ a good astronaut. 他从早到晚刻苦训练，努力成为一名优秀的宇航员。 5. He ________ lots of difficulties, but he never gave up. 他遇到许多困难，但是他从不放弃。 6. He is a brave man ________ ________ ________. 他是一位永不屈服的勇士。 7. ________ ________ ________ and inspire young people. 他的梦想延续着，激励着年轻人。 8. He ________ ________ ________ a national hero who ________ China’s space dream ________ ________. 他作为实现中国航天梦的民族英雄被人们铭记。 9. His example ________ ________ ________ teenagers to study hard for our country. 他的事迹持续激励青少年为祖国努力学习。 10. ________ ________ ________ ________ Yang Liwei’s courage and hard‑working spirit. 我被杨利伟的勇气与拼搏精神深深打动。 11. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, He practised day after day. 为了实现中国的航天梦，他日复一日刻苦练习。 12. I am going to ________ ________ ________ a true national hero, Yang Liwei. 我要向大家介绍一位真正的民族英雄——杨利伟。 【答案】1. was born in, 2.dreamt of, 3.spent; training for, 4.worked from morning to night; trying to become, 5.met, 6.who never gives in, 7.His dreams live on, 8.is remembered as; made; come true, 9.continues to encourage, 10.I am deeply moved by, 11.To achieve China's space dream, 12.introduce you to 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Yue Fei is a great ________ (nation) hero. All Chinese people respect him very much. 【答案】national 【详解】句意：岳飞是一位伟大的民族英雄。所有中国人都非常尊敬他。nation意为“国家，民族”，是名词。此处修饰后面的名词hero，作定语，表示“民族的”，应用形容词形式national。 2．The ________ (pioneer) spirit of scientists encourages young people to explore the unknown. 【答案】pioneering 【详解】句意：科学家们的开拓精神激励年轻人去探索未知。此处需用形容词修饰名词spirit，pioneer对应的形容词为pioneering，意为“开拓性的，首创的”。故填pioneering。 3．The ________ (榜样) of Lei Feng is a great inspiration for us to help others. 【答案】example 【详解】句意：雷锋的榜样对我们帮助他人是极大的鼓舞。 4. He was voted _____________( promising) new actor for his part in the movie. 【答案】the most promising 【详解】句意：他因在该电影中扮演的角色而获评为最有前途的新演员。 二、阅读还原 从 A-F 六个选项中选出五个填入短文空缺处，使短文完整流畅 How to Make a Presentation About a Local Hero Making a slide presentation about a local hero is a wonderful way to honour someone you admire. 1 Here are some steps to help you create a great presentation. First, choose your hero carefully. 2 This will make your presentation more heartfelt and personal. Second, gather information about your hero’s life and deeds. 3 Find out what they did that made them a hero. Third, organise your ideas into a clear structure. 4 A good presentation usually has an opening, body, and conclusion. Finally, practise your presentation. 5 With enough practice, you will feel more confident when you present to your audience. A．You should choose someone who has a special meaning to you. B．This can help you remember what to say and make your presentation smoother. C．It is important to use many pictures and videos in your presentation. D．You can talk to their family members or search online. E．A clear structure helps your audience understand your message better. F．It is a meaningful way to share their story with others. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文围绕如何制作关于本土英雄的演示文稿展开，介绍了制作演示文稿的几项步骤。 【详解】1．第一段指出“Making a slide presentation about a local hero is a wonderful way to honour someone you admire.”，制作演示文稿是致敬敬佩之人的好方式，后文引出制作步骤，F选项“这是和他人分享他们故事的一种有意义的方式”承接上文，自然引出下文步骤。 2．第二段指出“First, choose your hero carefully.”，本段主题是认真挑选英雄，后文提到会让演讲更走心个人化，A选项“你应该选择一个对你有特殊意义的人”契合挑选英雄的要求，衔接后文内容。 3．第三段指出“Second, gather information about your hero’s life and deeds.”，本段主题是搜集英雄相关资料，后文要梳理英雄事迹，D选项“你可以和其家人交谈或者上网搜索”介绍搜集信息的方法，贴合段落主题。 4．第四段指出“Third, organise your ideas into a clear structure.”，本段主题是整理清晰框架，后文介绍演讲的常规构成，E选项“清晰的结构有助于观众更好理解你的内容”点明梳理结构的作用，衔接上下文。 5．最后一段指出“Finally, practise your presentation.”，本段主题是练习演讲，后文提到充分练习会更自信，B选项“这可以帮你熟记台词，让演讲更流畅”说明练习的作用，符合语境。 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式补全短文 Alexander Fleming is considered one of the most important 1 (scientist) of the 20th century. He was born in Scotland in 1881 and 2 (study) medicine at St Mary’s Hospital in London. Fleming was 3 (excite) that his discovery of penicillin could save many lives. Before penicillin, even a small cut could lead 4 serious infection. Many patients died because there was no effective 5 (treat). In 1928, Fleming came back from holiday and noticed something 6 (usual) in his laboratory. There was mould growing in one of the 7 (dish), and around the mould, there were no bacteria. He was 8 (surprise) that the mould could kill bacteria. He called this substance “penicillin”. However, Fleming was 9 (aware) that it would take more than ten years before penicillin could be produced in large quantities. It was only in the 1940s 10 scientists in the United States managed to develop it for wide use. Fleming’s accidental discovery shows us that sometimes great achievements come from careful observation and an open mind. 【答案】 1．scientists 2．studied 3．excited 4．to 5．treatment 6．unusual 7．dishes 8．surprised 9．unaware 10．that 【导语】本文讲述弗莱明发现青霉素的过程。虽发现看似偶然，但量产历经波折，最终拯救无数生命，体现了科学探索的艰辛与伟大。 【详解】1．句意：亚历山大·弗莱明被认为是 20 世纪最重要的科学家之一。one of the后接可数名词复数，scientist的复数形式为scientists。 2．句意：他1881年出生于苏格兰，并在伦敦圣玛丽医院学医。and连接并列谓语，根据was born可知用一般过去时，study的过去式为studied。 3．句意：弗莱明很兴奋，因为他的发现能拯救许多生命。修饰人，表示“感到兴奋的”，用ed结尾形容词excited。 4．句意：在青霉素之前，即使一个小伤口也会导致严重感染。lead to为固定短语，意为“导致”，后接名词，填介词to。 5．句意：许多病人死亡是因为没有有效的治疗方法。effective为形容词，后接名词，treat的名词形式为treatment。 6．句意：弗莱明度假回来，注意到实验室里有些不寻常的东西。根据下文霉菌生长可知是不寻常的事，usual的反义词为unusual。 7．句意：其中一个培养皿里长出了霉菌。one of the后接可数名词复数，dish的复数形式为dishes。 8．句意：他很惊讶霉菌能杀死细菌。修饰人用-ed 结尾形容词，be surprised that为固定搭配。填形容词surprised。 9．句意：然而，弗莱明没有意识到青霉素需要十多年才能大量生产。根据语境他并未意识到量产需要很长时间，be unaware that意为“没有意识到”，符合逻辑。 10．句意：直到20世纪40年代，美国科学家才成功开发它。It was…that…为强调句结构，强调时间状语only in the 1940s。填连接词that。 1、 完形填空 （25-26·九年级上·安徽池州·期末）De Xian Jin Zhi, or Gezhi Town in English, is a touching war movie, the story of which 1 between 1937 and 1943. Xiao Zhan plays Mo Dexian, a common worker who fixes machines. He just wants a 2 life with his family. They leave Nanjing and stay in a small town. For a short time, they live 3 there. But peace ends soon. Three Japanese soldiers come and break the quiet days. At first, Mo feels 4 and just wants to keep his family safe. After some of his neighbors are killed by the Japanese soldiers, he decides to protect his family and the little town bravely. He uses his 5 skills to make weapons (武器) from the farming tools. He leads the people in the town to fight back 6 the enemies and guard their home together. The movie tells us heroes are not born—common people can be heroes 7 dangerous situations. Xiao Zhan’s great 8 makes the role seem real and touching. We see Mo’s growth clearly: he 9 from a man who wants to live quietly to a brave fighter. The movie has both humor and sad moments. It shows us a truth: 10 war breaks out, common people’s courage and love will never disappear. 1．A．takes place B．takes off C．takes away D．takes up 2．A．noisy B．peaceful C．busy D．boring 3．A．angrily B．happily C．quickly D．sadly 4．A．excited B．proud C．relaxed D．afraid 5．A．cooking B．writing C．repairing D．dancing 6．A．for B．against C．with D．about 7．A．in B．on C．at D．by 8．A．purpose B．problem C．performance D．practice 9．A．changes B．reaches C．finishes D．advises 10．A．how B．what C．why D．when 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文介绍战争电影《得闲谨制》，讲述普通人莫德贤在战争中从渴望平静生活到勇敢抗敌，最终成长为英雄的故事。 【详解】1．句意：故事发生在 1937 年到 1943 年之间。 根据“between 1937 and 1943”，可知故事发生在这段时间。根据语境，take place 表示故事发生，符合题意。 2．句意：他只是想和家人过上平静的生活。 根据“But peace ends soon”，可知他最初想要平静的生活。根据语境，peaceful 与后文形成对比，合理性高。其他选项不符合战争背景下的愿望。 3．句意：短时间内，他们在那里生活得很快乐。 根据“But peace ends soon. Three Japanese soldiers come and break the quiet days”，可知之前生活是美好的。根据语境，happily 符合和平时期的状态。其他选项与 quiet days 矛盾。 4．句意：起初，莫感到害怕，只想保护家人安全。 根据“After some of his neighbors are killed…he decides to protect…bravely”，可知起初是不勇敢的。根据语境，afraid 与后来的 bravely 形成对比。其他选项不符合常人面对侵略者的反应。 5．句意：他利用修理技能用农具制造武器。 根据“a common worker who fixes machines”，可知他擅长修理。根据语境，repairing skills 与前文 fixes machines 呼应。其他选项与职业身份不符。 6．句意：他带领镇上的人反击敌人。 根据“fight back”和“enemies”，可知是抵抗敌人。根据语境，fight back against 是固定搭配，表示与...作战。 7．句意：普通人可以在危险情境中成为英雄。 根据“dangerous situations”，可知是在某种情下。根据语境，in situations 是固定搭配。其他介词不与 situations 搭配。 8．句意：肖战的精彩表演让角色显得真实感人。。 根据“Xiao Zhan”和“makes the role seem real”，可知指演技。 根据语境，performance 指演员的表演，符合逻辑。purpose“目的”；problem“问题”；practice“练习”与演员身份无关。 9．句意：他从一个想安静生活的人变成了一个勇敢的战士。 根据“from a man… to a brave fighter”，可知发生了转变。根据语境，changes from…to…表示改变，符合成长过程。 10．句意：当战争爆发时，普通人的勇气和爱永远不会消失。 根据“war breaks out”是一个时间状语从句，可知需要时间连词。根据语境，when 引导时间状语从句，符合句意。 2、 阅读理解 A We can all think of heroes (英雄) in our lives. But, have you ever thought about what it really takes to be a hero? What does someone have to do to become a hero? Well, in my opinion, there are three characteristics (特征) of a hero. First of all, heroes help others ★ . For example, a hero may help someone in a dangerous situation. Or, a hero may provide a service for people who need help. Second, heroes help others even when there are risks. This means that heroes will help even in situations where there is a chance that they will get hurt as a result of their actions. Finally, heroes help others even when there is no reward for their actions. They don’t do good things because they want to get something for themselves in return. They just help because they believe it is the right thing to do. For example, take the story of Laurie Eldridge. One day, Ms. Eldridge was outside in her garden, when she looked up and saw a car parked on some nearby train tracks (轨道). Inside the car was an 81-year-old woman who didn’t notice there was a train coming toward her. Ms. Eldridge ran to the car and pulled the woman out of it just before the train arrived. Laurie Eldridge saved the woman, but she didn’t think her actions were brave. She said she just did what any person would do. To me, Laurie Eldridge is a hero. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking questions. 2．Which one can be put in ★ ? A．in need B．in person C．in order D．in public 3．What does the underlined word “reward” mean in Chinese? A．辛苦 B．努力 C．回报 D．汗水 4．Which of the following people can be called a hero according to the passage? A．Peter teaches students for free in the village. B．Sally spent all day making a plan for the next month. C．Jake often helps his mother do housework on the weekend. D．Mary turned down her friend’s invitation to play the guitar for her grandmother. 5．Why does the writer give an example of Laurie in Paragraph 3? A．To praise Laurie Eldridge. B．To explain the characteristics of a hero. C．To show the kindness of Laurie Eldridge. D．To call for more people to help others. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍英雄的三个特征。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“have you ever thought about what it really takes to be a hero? What does someone have to do to become a hero?”可知，文章通过问问题引入主题。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“a hero may help someone in a dangerous situation. Or, a hero may provide a service for people who need help.”可知此处指需要帮助的人。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“They don’t do good things because they want to get something for themselves in return. They just help because they believe it is the right thing to do.”可知，他们不做好事，因为他们想为自己得到一些回报。他们帮忙只是因为他们相信这是正确的事情。“reward”指的是文中提到的“in return”，意为“回报”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Finally, heroes help others even when there is no reward for their actions.”可知，即使英雄的行为没有回报，他们也会帮助他人。结合选项，A选项“彼得在村里免费教学生。”符合。故选A。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍英雄的三个特征，而Laurie的行为完美诠释了英雄的三个特征。故选B。 B When we talk about heroes, we often think of movie characters (角色) with super powers (超能力). But in real life, heroes are ordinary people who do great things for our society. Heroes are not born brave. They are ordinary people who choose to help others in trouble. They show great kindness and are always ready to do the right thing. For example, doctors save lives. Teachers help children grow and learn. Scientists work hard to make our lives better. Heroes don’t have to be famous. It means making the world a better place in quiet ways. A kind neighbour, a student who stands up for a friend, or a volunteer who cleans up a park—they are all heroes. They do this not for money or thanks, but to make a difference. Why are these people so important to us? Because their actions, big or small,give us hope and power. They inspire us to help others. We can all learn from these heroes. You don’t need to do big things to be a hero.Helping a classmate, taking care of a lost animal, or saying a kind word to someone who is sad—these can mean a lot. Everyone can be a hero in their own way. 1．Which of the following is NOT a quality of heroes? A．Being willing to help others in trouble. B．Doing good things for money or thanks. C．Showing kindness and doing the right thing. D．Making the world better in quiet ways. 2．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Only people who help animals can be real heroes. B．We should try to become as brave as famous heroes. C．It is very difficult to become a hero without super power. D．Everyone can be a hero by doing small, kind acts in daily life. 3．What will probably be talked about next? A．A list of the most famous superheroes in movies. B．A story about an ordinary person showing kindness. C．The difficulties of becoming a doctor or a scientist. D．Reasons why some people choose not to help others. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，纠正大众对英雄等同于影视超能力角色的固有印象，阐明现实里英雄是普通人，不靠名利驱动、以大大小小的善意付出造福社会，点明普通人凭借日常微小善举，都能成为属于自己的英雄。 【详解】1．原文第三段写明“They do this not for money or thanks”，英雄行善不是为了钱财、他人答谢，因此B不属于英雄的特质；A、C出自第二段助人、心怀善意坚守正道的描述，D对应第三段以低调方式改善世界的内容，三项均是英雄具备的品质，答案选B。 2．尾段提出不必做出宏大壮举，日常帮扶同学、照料流浪小动物、宽慰失意之人这类细碎善意就有价值，每个人都能用自身方式化身英雄，契合D选项；A表述过于片面狭隘，B文段没有号召效仿知名英雄的胆识，C文本不主张成为英雄难度很高，三项均错误。 3．全文核心围绕普通人依托日常善意成为英雄展开，后文大概率补充一则普通人传递善意的实例佐证观点，选B；A背离文章弱化影视超级英雄的行文方向，C、D的话题和现有段落的论述主线没有承接关联。 3、 阅读与表达 Wang Zhenyi (1768—1797) was a famous woman scientist. She was very interested in reading when she was a child and was very clever. Her grandfather was her first teacher in astronomy (天文学), her grandmother was her teacher of poems, and her father taught her medicine, geography, and maths. Although she only lived to be twenty-nine, Wang Zhenyi wrote a lot of articles on astronomy, such as Theory of the Earth’s Roundness. Not only did she study the research (研究) of others, but also she was able to do her own research. Wang’s most famous experiment (实验) was made at her home in Nanjing. She placed a round table in a garden, to be the earth and hung (悬挂) a lamp, to be the sun. Then on one side of the table she had a round mirror as the moon. She moved these three things as if they were the sun, earth, and moon. Her findings were recorded in her article, The Explanation of a Solar Eclipse. She worked hard at her study of maths. She rewrote the book Principles of Calculation and this made learning maths easier for beginners. She also wrote a book called The Simple Principles of Calculation when she was twenty-four. Her studies were difficult but she once said, “There were times that I had to put down my pen. But I love the subject, I won’t give up.” 1．When was Wang Zhenyi born? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．Who taught Wang Zhenyi poems? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．Where did Wang Zhenyi make her most famous experiment? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．Why did Wang Zhenyi rewrite the book Principles of Calculation? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．What can you learn from Wang Zhenyi? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．In 1768. 2．Her grandmother. 3．At her home in Nanjing. 4．To help beginners learn maths. 5．回答合理即可。参考答案：Her spirit of loving learning. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，围绕王贞仪展开，讲述了她小时候的学习启蒙，在天文学、数学等领域的研究成果，体现了她热爱学习、坚持不懈的精神。 【详解】1．根据“Wang Zhenyi (1768—1797) was a famous woman scientist.”可知，王贞仪出生于1768年。故填In 1768. 2．根据“her grandmother was her teacher of poems”可知，教王贞仪诗歌的是她的祖母。故填Her grandmother. 3．根据“Wang’s most famous experiment (实验) was made at her home in Nanjing.”可知，王贞仪最著名的实验是在她南京的家中进行的。故填At her home in Nanjing. 4．根据“She rewrote the book Principles of Calculation and this made learning maths easier for beginners.”可知，她重写这本书是为了让初学者学数学更容易。故填To help beginners learn maths. 5．回答合理即可。参考答案：Her spirit of loving learning. 一、完形填空 （2023·青海省中考） Can you sing the song Lonely Warrior(孤勇者)? The song is very popular 1 many people. Almost 2 likes it. The writer of the lyrics is Tang Tian. She 3 ill at the age of twenty-nine. Her illness was 4 serious that she might die soon. But to our 5 , she beat it. Then she wrote down 6 story and named it Lonely Warrior. This song is really 7 . We can get strength(力量) from it. It also encourages people 8 problems bravely. Teachers use the song to guide their 9 . Doctors 10 their patients with it. It works very well. Let’s sing and feel it together, “Who said that a hero is the one who stands in the light? …” 1．A．of B．from C．at D．with 2．A．no one B．everyone C．nobody D．someone 3．A．is B．are C．was D．were 4．A．so B．such C．so a D．such a 5．A．pity B．shame C．pain D．surprise 6．A．his B．her C．my D．your 7．A．careful B．harmful C．powerful D．awful 8．A．to solve B．solve C．solving D．to solving 9．A．workers B．actors C．farmers D．students 10．A．fix up B．cheer up C．turn up D．look up 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍《孤勇者》这首歌。 【详解】1．句意：这首歌很受许多人的欢迎。 of……的；from从；at在；with和。be popular with“受……欢迎”，固定短语，故选D。 2．句意：几乎每个人都喜欢它。 no one没有人；everyone每个人；nobody没有人；someone某人。根据“Almost...likes it.”可知，几乎每个人都喜欢这首歌，故选B。 3．句意：她二十九岁时病了。 is一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数；are一般现在时，主语是复数或第二人称；was一般过去时，主语是I或第三人称单数；were一般过去时，主语是复数或第二人称。本句时态是一般过去时，主语是she，故选C。 4．句意：她的病很严重，可能很快就会死去。 so如此，修饰形容词或副词；such如此，修饰名词；so a表述错误；such a如此一个，修饰可数名词单数。此处修饰形容词serious，构成so...that...结构，故选A。 5．句意：但令我们惊讶的是，她战胜了它。 pity遗憾；shame羞愧；pain痛苦；surprise惊讶。前文提到可能很快就会死去，但是她战胜了疾病，是令人惊讶的，故选D。 6．句意：然后她把自己的故事写了下来，取名为《孤勇者》。 his他的；her她的；my我的；your你的。本句主语是she，故选B。 7．句意：这首歌真的很有力量。 careful仔细的；harmful有害的；powerful有力的；awful糟糕的。根据“We can get strength(力量) from it.”可知，这首歌很有力量，故选C。 8．句意：它也鼓励人们勇敢地解决问题。 to solve动词不定式；solve动词原形；solving动名词/现在分词；to solving介词+动名词。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，故选A。 9．句意：老师用这首歌来引导学生。 workers工人；actors演员；farmers农民；students学生。根据“Teachers use the song to guide their...”可知，老师引导学生，故选D。 10．句意：医生用它来鼓舞病人。 fix up修理；cheer up使振奋；turn up出现，调大；look up查阅。根据“Doctors...their patients with it.”可知，医生鼓舞病人，故选B。 2、 阅读理解 （26-27九年级上·湖南长沙·阶段检测） On July 23, 2026, Chinese mathematician Hong Wang won the Fields Medal (菲尔兹奖) at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Philadelphia (费城国际数学家大会). The Fields Medal is known as “the Nobel Prize of Mathematics”, one of the highest honors in the math world. She became the first Chinese female citizen to win this prize, together with another Chinese mathematician, Yu Deng. Wang was born in Guilin, Guangxi, in 1991. Her road to success was full of difficulties. At 16, she went to Peking University. But she failed to enter the math department because her scores were not high enough. She studied in the School of Earth and Space Sciences first. With her efforts, she passed a major-change exam one year later and finally studied math. In 2019, she got her PhD from MIT and now works as a professor in France. One of her biggest achievements is that she successfully solved the famous 3D Kakeya Conjecture (三维挂谷猜想). It’s so puzzling that no scientist has solved it for nearly a century. Her work brought great progress to geometric (几何的) measure theory. As only the third woman to win the medal, Wang hopes to inspire more young people. In interviews, she shared, “Don’t worry. Take your time.” Her story tells us that curiosity and persistence can help us overcome even the hardest challenges. 1．What can we learn about the Fields Medal? A．It is only for Chinese mathematicians. B．It is called “the Nobel Prize of Mathematics”. C．It is the world’s highest prize for all subjects. 2．Which is the correct order of Hong Wang’s experiences? ① She got her PhD from MIT. ② She passed a major-change exam. ③ She solved the 3D Kakeya Conjecture. ④ She studied in the School of Earth and Space Sciences. A．② → ③ → ① → ④ B．④ → ② → ③ → ① C．④ → ② → ① → ③ 3．What does the underlined word “puzzling” probably mean? A．令人好奇的 B．容易解决的 C．令人费解的 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Advice for Young Math Learners B．Hong Wang: An Inspiring Math Pioneer C．A Hard Math Problem: 3D Kakeya Conjecture 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了数学家王虹，讲述她求学路上克服困难、坚持钻研，成功证明三维挂谷猜想并斩获菲尔兹奖的经历，告诉我们好奇心和坚持能帮我们战胜困难。 【详解】1．根据第一段“The Fields Medal is known as ‘the Nobel Prize of Mathematics’, one of the highest honors in the math world.”可知，菲尔兹奖被称作“数学界的诺贝尔奖”。 2．根据第二段“She studied in the School of Earth and Space Sciences first. With her efforts, she passed a major-change exam one year later and finally studied math. In 2019, she got her PhD from MIT and now works as a professor in France.”以及第三段“One of her biggest achievements is that she successfully solved the famous 3D Kakeya Conjecture.”可知，王虹先是在地球与空间科学学院学习，然后通过转专业考试，接着在麻省理工学院获得博士学位，最后证明了三维挂谷猜想。正确顺序为④→②→①→③。 3．根据第三段划线词所在句子的“no scientist has solved it for nearly a century”可知，这个猜想是令人费解的，因此puzzling意为“令人费解的”。 4．全文主要介绍了数学家王虹的人生经历、成就与精神，因此“一位鼓舞人心的数学先驱”最适合做本文的标题。 $