非谓语动词完整讲解 课件 -2027届高考英语一轮复习专项

非谓语动词 ——The Non-Finite Verbs—— 非谓语动词是动词的特殊形式，在句子中可以充当谓语以外的成分。一个句子中已存在一个谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，再出现一个动词则用非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。 非谓语 动词不定式 动词-ing形式 过去分词 目 录 01取经启程·语法谜题 02降妖除魔·非谓语三式 03取经闯关·语法大作战 找出句子中的谓语动词与非谓语动词。 1.Pigsy, feeling hungry, secretly ate the watermelon. →谓语动词： 非谓语词： . ate feeling 2.The monk used a magic spell to control Sun Wukong. →谓语动词： 非谓语动词： . used to control 3.Tang Sanzang rode a horse, followed by his three disciples. →谓语动词： 非谓语动词： . rode followed 区分谓语动词与非谓语动词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 1.动词原形do 2.系动词 3.带有助动词 4.带有情态动词 play、wash、brush、write 等 am、are、 is 、was、were等 am/is/are/was/were + doing/done have/has/had + done, do/does/did+V原 can/will/should/may等+ V原 1.to do 2.doing 3.done 目的/未发生 被动/完成 主动/进行 03 非谓语动词的三种形式 非谓语动词 不定式 to do 动词ing形式 doing 过去分词形式 done 非谓语动词作状语 壹 动词不定式作状语 1）目的状语（in order to /so as to） ⚠so as to 不用于句首；in order to 句首、句中均可 In order to improve his oral English, he keeps practising every day. 为了提高英语口语，他坚持每天练习。（句首，只用 in order to） 2. He got up early so as to catch the first bus. 他早起为了赶上头班公交车。（句中，so as to /in order to 均可） 动词不定式作状语 2）结果状语（enough to；so…as to；too…to；only to） He is old enough to join the volunteer group. 他年龄足够大，可以加入志愿者队伍。（enough to） She was so kind as to help us out of trouble. 她如此善良，帮我们摆脱困境。（so…as to） The box is too heavy to carry. 这个箱子太重搬不动。（too…to） He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 他匆忙赶到车站，结果却发现火车已经开走。 （only to 表出乎意料的坏结果，高考高频） 动词不定式作状语 3）原因状语（搭配情感形容词 glad /surprised/frightened /happy） I am glad to receive your invitation. 收到你的邀请，我很开心。 She was surprised to hear the surprising news. 听到这个令人吃惊的消息，她十分惊讶。 分词作状语（逻辑主语 = 句子主语） 现在分词 doing（主动：状语动作由句子主语发出） Seeing the teacher, the students stood up. 看见老师，学生们站了起来。（students 发出 see，主动） Knowing little about the local culture, he turned to the guide for help. 由于对当地文化了解甚少，他向导游求助。 分词作状语（逻辑主语 = 句子主语） 过去分词 done（被动：句子主语承受该动作） Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks amazing. 从山顶望去，这座城市景色很美。（city “被看”，被动） Encouraged by his teacher, he made rapid progress. 受到老师的鼓励，他取得飞快进步。（he “被鼓励”） 分词作状语（逻辑主语 = 句子主语） _________ (see) from the hill, I enjoy the view. _________ (see) from the hill, the town is beautiful. Seeing Seen 易错对比 独立主格作状语（分词自带逻辑主语，和主句主语不一样；名词 / 代词 + doing/done） 核心：分词有自己专属主语，不再是主句主语 Weather permitting, we will go for a picnic this weekend. 如果天气允许，我们这周末去野餐。 His work finished, he went home happily. 工作完成之后，他开心地回家了。 The test being over, the students felt relaxed. 考试结束了，学生们感到很放松。 独立成分作状语（固定短语，不看主句主语） To tell you the truth, I have no idea about this matter. 老实说，我对这件事一无所知。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful in details. 一般来说，女生在细节上更加细心。 Judging from his expression, he is satisfied with the result. 从他的表情判断，他对结果很满意。 Compared with last year, our school has made greater progress. 和去年相比，我们学校取得了更大进步。 独立成分作状语（固定短语，不看主句主语） to tell (you) the truth(老实说)、to be honest(老实说)、to begin with(首先)、to make matters worse(更糟糕的是)、to sum up(总之)、 to be brief(简言之)、considering that/given that(考虑到，鉴于)、generally speaking(一般来说)、judging by/from(根据……来判断)、providing/provided that/supposing that(假设)、compared with/to(与……相比) 1.(2025·浙江卷1月)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women ____________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. to rent　 2.(2025·八省联考)In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization's six official languages. The goal was two-fold: ____________ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six tongues. to celebrate　 3.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)These sepals (萼片) open on warm days ____________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. to give　 4.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ____________(find) the connection between the two great writers. to find　 5.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)____________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play RichardⅢ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.” Recalling　 1.(2024·北京卷)Just then, some kids ran at him, ____________(knock) his books out of his arms. knocking　 2.(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years，people have told fables (寓言) ____________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. to teach　 3.(2023 ·全国乙卷)______________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. Having visited　 4.(2023 ·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, ____________(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. borrowing　 5.(外研选必一 U5)Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments? It was just an idea, but enough ____________ (inspire) Darwin to look for more evidence. to inspire　 6.He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ____________ (see) them. to see　 非谓语动词作定语 贰 动词不定式（to do）作定语 核心：放在名词后面，多表将来、尚未发生的动作 ① 接抽象名词后（ability /chance/decision /desire/effort 等） She has the ability to finish the tough task on time. 她有按时完成这项艰巨任务的能力。（ability to do） This is a good chance to improve your communication skills. 这是提升你沟通能力的好机会。（chance to do） He made a decision to give up the plan. 他做出了放弃这个计划的决定。（decision to do） Her desire to help others touches everyone around her. 她想要帮助他人的愿望打动了身边所有人。（desire to do） 动词不定式（to do）作定语 核心：放在名词后面，多表将来、尚未发生的动作 ② 序数词 /the only /the last / 形容词最高级 + 名词，后接 to do He is always the first to arrive and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到，最后一个离开。（序数词 the first） She is the only student to win the national award in our school. 她是我校唯一获得这项国家级奖项的学生。（the only） This is the best way to solve the problem. 这是解决这个问题最好的办法。（形容词最高级 best） ⚠注意：不定式作定语，如果不定式动词是不及物动词，后面要补介词 I have no house to live in. 我没有房子住。（live 是不及物，live in the house） 动名词(doing)作定语（表用途，“用来…… 的”） 区分：动名词表用途；现在分词作定语表主动、正在进行 a swimming pool = a pool for swimming 游泳池（用来游泳的池子） a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室（用来阅读的房间） a sleeping bag = a bag for sleeping 睡袋 分词作定语 现在分词 doing：主动、正在进行 The running water looks clear. 流淌的河水看上去很清澈。（water 正在流淌，主动） The girl standing by the window is my deskmate. 站在窗边的女孩是我的同桌。（girl 发出 stand 动作，主动） 过去分词 done：被动、已经完成 The broken glass lies on the ground. 碎了的玻璃杯躺在地上。（glass “被打碎”，被动完成） The book written by Lu Xun is well‑known. 鲁迅写的这本书非常有名。（book “被写”，被动） 1.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____________ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders. left　 2.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____________ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. to discover　 3.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The latest ____________(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. engineering　 4.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion，____________ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. inspired　 1.(2024·浙江卷1月)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ____________(design)with two halves containing separate portions (份). designed　 2.She called for action to address the struggles of people around the world ____________ (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. facing　 3.A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step __________________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. to journey　　 4.To get this job, the candidates had to make a short video __________(show) how much they knew about the Great Barrier Reef. showing　 5.(外研选必一U6)The first landmark____________ (catch) my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge____________(build) over permafrost. to catch built　 非谓语动词作宾语 叁 动词不定式 to do 作宾语 动词：agree, attempt, choose, decline, determine, fail, manage, offer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, tend, volunteer后面跟动词不定式作宾语 He agreed to help us with the project. 他同意帮助我们做这个项目。 She refused to accept the gift. 她拒绝接受这份礼物。 He managed to finish the task ahead of time. 他设法提前完成了任务。 They promise to take part in the activity. 他们承诺参加这项活动。 I tend to get up early on weekdays. 工作日我往往早起。 动名词 doing 作宾语 动词：admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, enjoy, finish, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk…后接动名词作宾语 He admitted making the mistake. 他承认犯了这个错误。 I appreciate receiving your valuable advice. 很感激收到你宝贵的建议。 You should avoid making such careless mistakes. 你应当避免犯这类粗心的错误。 Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ ⚠易错提醒：advise doing（建议做）；但 advise sb to do（建议某人做），不能说 advise to do。 非谓语作宾语 可接 to do，也可接 doing，意义基本无差别 动词：begin/start, like/love, continue, intend, prefer She began to learn / learning French at 12. 她 12 岁开始学法语。 I prefer to stay / staying at home on weekends. 周末我更喜欢待在家里。 They continued to work / working until midnight. 他们继续工作直到半夜。 非谓语作宾语 接 to do /doing，意义完全不同 stop to do sth 停下来，去做另一件事 He stopped to have a rest. 他停下来（手头的事）去休息。 stop doing sth 停下正在做的事 Please stop talking. 请停止说话。 go on to do sth 做完一件，接着做另一件不同的事 After finishing homework, he went on to read novels.做完作业，他接着去看小说。 go on doing sth 继续做同一件事 Go on reading the text. 继续读课文。 remember to do 记得要去做（还没做） Remember to lock the door before you leave.离开前记得锁门。 remember doing 记得做过（已经做完） I remember meeting you somewhere before.我记得以前在某处见过你。 regret to do 遗憾地要去做 I regret to inform you that you failed the exam.我很遗憾通知你，你考试不及格。 regret doing 后悔做过某事 He regrets arguing with his parents.他后悔和父母争吵。 mean to do 打算、想要做 I mean to visit my old friend this holiday. 我打算这个假期去看望老朋友。 mean doing 意味着做 Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 错过这趟火车意味着再等一小时。 try to do 努力、尽力去做 Try to solve the problem by yourself.尽力自己解决这个问题。 try doing 尝试做（试试某种办法） Try taking this medicine, and you will feel better.试试吃这个药，你会好受些。 can’t help (to) do sth 不能帮忙做某事 I’m busy, so I can’t help (to) clean the room.我很忙，没法帮忙打扫房间。 can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 She couldn’t help crying when she heard the news.听到消息，她情不自禁哭了。 作介词的宾语 核心规则：所有介词后面，如果接动词，必须用动名词 doing ⚠高频易错：to 如果是介词，后面也要 doing，不要写成 to do。 高频介词短语（高考常考） be good at doing 擅长做…… He is good at playing the piano. 他擅长弹钢琴。 look forward to doing 盼望做……（这里 to 是介词！高频坑） I’m looking forward to receiving your reply. 我期盼收到你的回复。 devote … to doing 致力于做…… He devotes most of his time to studying traditional culture. 他把大部分时间致力于研究传统文化。 非谓语作介词的宾语 结构：主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补 (adj./n.) + 真正宾语 (to do /doing) 常用动词：find, think, feel, make, consider I find it important to master English grammar. 我发现掌握英语语法很重要。 We think it our duty to protect the environment. 我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。 He feels it no good complaining all the time. 他觉得一直抱怨没有用处。 ⚠对比形式主语： It is important to learn English.（it 形式主语） I find it important to learn English.（it 形式宾语） it 作形式宾语 疑问词：what /which/who /whom/when /where/how（注意:why 不能接 to do）含义：“该……；如何……”，在句中作宾语。 I don’t know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。（what 作 do 的宾语） He hasn’t decided where to spend his holiday. 他还没决定去哪里度假。 Can you tell me how to solve this problem? 你能告诉我如何解决这个问题吗？ 易错： ❌ I don’t know why to go there. ✅ I don’t know why I should go there.（why 后面接从句，不接 to‑do） 特殊疑问词 + to do 作宾语 非谓语动词作补足语 肆 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ①advise、allow、ask、beg、cause、drive、encourage、 expect、 force、 invite、 order、 permit、 recommend、 require、 teach、 tell、 want等词后常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 He advised me to read more. They invited me to attend the party. No one can force you to give up. The school requires students to wear uniforms. 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ②感官动词feel、hear、listen to、look at、observe、 see、 notice、 watch以及使役动词let、 have、 make等词后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 I saw him enter the room. 我看见他走进房间。 We heard her sing a song. 我们听见她唱了一首歌。 She felt the ground shake. 她感觉到地面震动。 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾语补足语表示主动、进行。常跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有feel、catch、find、listen to/hear、have、keep、get、leave、 see、 watch、 look at、 observe、 notice等。 The teacher caught him cheating in the exam. 老师撞见他考试作弊。 Don’t have him waiting outside. 别让他一直在外面等着。 The joke got everyone laughing. 这个笑话让大家都笑起来。 Don’t leave him standing in the rain. 别让他一直站在雨里。 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动、完成。常跟过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have、 make、 get、 find、 see、 notice、 watch、 hear、 feel、 want、 like等。 He noticed the window broken. 他注意到窗户破了。 I heard his name called. 我听见有人叫他的名字。 She likes her room cleaned every day. 她喜欢房间每天打扫干净。 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 ✨ 感官动词三兄弟（see 为例） see sb. do 看见某人做了（全过程，主动） I saw him cut the tree. see sb. doing 看见某人正在做（主动进行） I saw him cutting the tree. see sth. done 看见某事被做（被动完成） I saw the tree cut. 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 在“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，如果变为被动语态，则需要将宾语前置，变成主语，此时，原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语。含有动词不定式作主语补足语的句型：Sb./Sth. be said/believed/known/supposed/ reported/considered/thought＋to do/to have done/to be done＋其他. to do（一般式）：动作与主句谓语同时发生，或发生在谓语之后 He is said to live abroad. 据说他住在国外。 to have done（完成式）：不定式动作发生在主句谓语之前（已经做完） He is said to have lived abroad.据说他曾经在国外住过。 to be done（被动式）：主语和不定式之间是被动关系 The bridge is reported to be built next year. 据报道这座桥将于明年建造。 组合拓展：to have been done（不定式完成被动，动作先发生 + 被动） The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说这本书已经被翻译成多国语言。 非谓语动词作主语补足语 1.with＋宾语＋to do，表示动作还未发生。 With so much work to do, I can’t go out.有这么多工作要做，我不能出去。 With many problems to be settled, the manager felt worried. 还有很多问题有待解决，经理感到忧心。 2.with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动、动作正在进行。 He fell asleep with the light burning.灯亮着，他睡着了。 With the wind blowing hard, we had to stay at home. 狂风呼啸，我们只好待在家里。 3.with＋宾语＋done，表示被动、动作已经完成。 With all the work finished, we went home. 所有工作完成后，我们回家了。 With his hands tied behind his back, the boy was brought in. 男孩双手被绑在身后，被带了进来。 with复合结构 非谓语动词作主语和表语 伍 ①动词不定式作主语 表示具体的、一次性的动作 ②动名词作主语 表示抽象的、习惯性的、经常性的、笼统的动作或泛指某动作或行为 To attend the coming speech contest is my great challenge. 参加即将到来的演讲比赛是我的一大挑战。 Attending speech contests helps build up our confidence. 参加演讲比赛有助于树立自信。 非谓语动词作主语 非谓语动词作主语时，为了保持句子结构的平衡，常用it作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名词。常见句型： (1)It's＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.； (2)It's no use/no good/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth.； (3)It takes sb.＋some time/money＋to do sth.； (4)It's worthwhile doing/to do sth. 非谓语动词作主语 动词不定式作表语 表示将来；对主语作进一步说明，其主语通常为aim、decision、dream、idea、intention、plan、purpose、wish等 My dream is to become a volunteer. 我的梦想是成为一名志愿者。 Our plan is to climb the mountain this weekend. 我们的计划是这周末去爬山。 非谓语动词作表语 动名词作表语 说明主语的内容或性质，无正在进行之意，主语和表语可互换位置 My hobby is painting. 我的爱好是画画。 Painting is my hobby. 画画是我的爱好。 Her job is looking after the elderly. 她的工作是照顾老人。 Looking after the elderly is her job. 照顾老人是她的工作。 非谓语动词作表语 分词作表语 说明主语的性质或特征，通常可直接看作形容词，现在分词常译为“令人……的”，多用于修饰物；过去分词常译为“感到……的”，多用于修饰人。 The news is surprising. 这个消息令人吃惊。 I am surprised at the news. 我对这个消息感到吃惊。 非谓语动词作表语 1.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art，” says Tu. “We hope ____________ (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” to present　 2.(2025·浙江卷1月)“I really want to make this work for people's lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean ____________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. returning　 3.(2025·八省联考) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in ____________(improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world. improving　 4.(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. to catch　 1.(2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)To eat one, you have to decide whether ____________(bite) a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出). to bite　 2.(2023 ·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ____________(record) everything I discovered. recording　 3.That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ____________(continue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding, ” she says, “a really positive change.” to continue　 4.(人教选必一 U1)One medical text from the fourth century suggested ____________(use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. using　 5.(译林选必一 U1)If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend ____________(link) with positive emotions. to be linked　 1.(2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ____________(want) more next time. 2.(2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____________(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. wanting　 to be lifted　 1.Orange trees make great gifts and you see them many times ____________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 2.Next, keep the conversation ____________ (go) by asking questions to show interest. 3.Despite his father's successful career, Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, _________(be) too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps. 4.With my right foot badly ____________ (injure), I couldn't go to the library with you as planned. 5.(外研选必一 U5)With us long ____________(believe)that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all. decorated　 going　 to be　 injured　 believing　 1.(2022 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The GPNP's main goal is ____________(improve) connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 2.(2022 ·浙江卷1月)____________(travel) to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. to improve　 Travelling　 【即时演练】——单句语法填空 1.It upsets me ____________ (know) that our family have to move to another city. 2.(外研选必二 U1)In most countries, ____________(turn) 18 marks the start of adulthood. 3.____________________ (overcome) by a burst of inspiration leads her to sketch out what is in her vision. 4.(北师大选必二 U6)Although highly regarded books do not always make good films, it is safe ____________(say) that great films may be made from not particularly good books. 5.I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ____________(challenge). to know　 turning　 Being overcome　 to say　 challenged　 非谓语动词作补足语 肆 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ①advise、allow、ask、beg、cause、drive、encourage、 expect、 force、 invite、 order、 permit、 recommend、 require、 teach、 tell、 want等词后常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 He advised me to read more. They invited me to attend the party. No one can force you to give up. The school requires students to wear uniforms. 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ②感官动词feel、hear、listen to、look at、observe、 see、 notice、 watch以及使役动词let、 have、 make等词后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 I saw him enter the room. 我看见他走进房间。 We heard her sing a song. 我们听见她唱了一首歌。 She felt the ground shake. 她感觉到地面震动。 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾语补足语表示主动、进行。常跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有feel、catch、find、listen to/hear、have、keep、get、leave、 see、 watch、 look at、 observe、 notice等。 The teacher caught him cheating in the exam. 老师撞见他考试作弊。 Don’t have him waiting outside. 别让他一直在外面等着。 The joke got everyone laughing. 这个笑话让大家都笑起来。 Don’t leave him standing in the rain. 别让他一直站在雨里。 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动、完成。常跟过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have、 make、 get、 find、 see、 notice、 watch、 hear、 feel、 want、 like等。 She noticed the window broken. 她注意到窗户破了。 I heard his name called. 我听见有人叫他的名字。 She likes her room cleaned every day. 她喜欢房间每天打扫干净。 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 ✨ 感官动词三兄弟（see 为例） see sb. do 看见某人做了（全过程，主动） I saw him cut the tree. see sb. doing 看见某人正在做（主动进行） I saw him cutting the tree. see sth. done 看见某事被做（被动完成） I saw the tree cut. 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 在“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，如果变为被动语态，则需要将宾语前置，变成主语，此时，原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语。含有动词不定式作主语补足语的句型：Sb./Sth. be said/believed/known/supposed/ reported/considered/thought＋to do/to have done/to be done＋其他. to do（一般式）：动作与主句谓语同时发生，或发生在谓语之后 He is said to live abroad. 据说他住在国外。 to have done（完成式）：不定式动作发生在主句谓语之前（已经做完） He is said to have lived abroad.据说他曾经在国外住过。 to be done（被动式）：主语和不定式之间是被动关系 The bridge is reported to be built next year. 据报道这座桥将于明年建造。 组合拓展：to have been done（不定式完成被动，动作先发生 + 被动） The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说这本书已经被翻译成多国语言。 非谓语动词作主语补足语 1.with＋宾语＋to do，表示动作还未发生。 With so much work to do, I can’t go out.有这么多工作要做，我不能出去。 With many problems to be settled, the manager felt worried. 还有很多问题有待解决，经理感到忧心。 2.with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动、动作正在进行。 He fell asleep with the light burning.灯亮着，他睡着了。 With the wind blowing hard, we had to stay at home. 狂风呼啸，我们只好待在家里。 3.with＋宾语＋done，表示被动、动作已经完成。 With all the work finished, we went home. 所有工作完成后，我们回家了。 With his hands tied behind his back, the boy was brought in. 男孩双手被绑在身后，被带了进来。 with复合结构 1.(2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ____________(want) more next time. 2.(2023 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____________(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. wanting　 to be lifted　 1.Orange trees make great gifts and you see them many times ____________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 2.Next, keep the conversation ____________ (go) by asking questions to show interest. 3.Despite his father's successful career, Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, _________(be) too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps. 4.With my right foot badly ____________ (injure), I couldn't go to the library with you as planned. 5.(外研选必一 U5)With us long ____________(believe)that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all. decorated　 going　 to be　 injured　 believing　 非谓语动词作主语和表语 伍 ①动词不定式作主语 表示具体的、一次性的动作 ②动名词作主语 表示抽象的、习惯性的、经常性的、笼统的动作或泛指某动作或行为 To attend the coming speech contest is my great challenge. 参加即将到来的演讲比赛是我的一大挑战。 Attending speech contests helps build up our confidence. 参加演讲比赛有助于树立自信。 非谓语动词作主语 非谓语动词作主语时，为了保持句子结构的平衡，常用it作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名词。常见句型： (1)It's＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.； (2)It's no use/no good/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth.； (3)It takes sb.＋some time/money＋to do sth.； (4)It's worthwhile doing/to do sth. 非谓语动词作主语 动词不定式作表语 表示将来；对主语作进一步说明，其主语通常为aim、decision、dream、idea、intention、plan、purpose、wish等 My dream is to become a volunteer. 我的梦想是成为一名志愿者。 Our plan is to climb the mountain this weekend. 我们的计划是这周末去爬山。 非谓语动词作表语 动名词作表语 说明主语的内容或性质，无正在进行之意，主语和表语可互换位置 My hobby is painting. 我的爱好是画画。 Painting is my hobby. 画画是我的爱好。 Her job is looking after the elderly. 她的工作是照顾老人。 Looking after the elderly is her job. 照顾老人是她的工作。 非谓语动词作表语 分词作表语 说明主语的性质或特征，通常可直接看作形容词，现在分词常译为“令人……的”，多用于修饰物；过去分词常译为“感到……的”，多用于修饰人。 The news is surprising. 这个消息令人吃惊。 I am surprised at the news. 我对这个消息感到吃惊。 非谓语动词作表语 1.(2022 ·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The GPNP's main goal is ____________(improve) connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 2.(2022 ·浙江卷1月)____________(travel) to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. to improve　 Travelling　 【即时演练】——单句语法填空 1.It upsets me ____________ (know) that our family have to move to another city. 2.(外研选必二 U1)In most countries, ____________(turn) 18 marks the start of adulthood. 3.____________________ (overcome) by a burst of inspiration leads her to sketch out what is in her vision. 4.(北师大选必二 U6)Although highly regarded books do not always make good films, it is safe ____________(say) that great films may be made from not particularly good books. 5.I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ____________(challenge). to know　 turning　 Being overcome　 to say　 challenged　 $