内容正文:
冀教版(2024年版)《英语》九年级上册
Unit 6 Looking into Science 跨学科综合类分层作业
一、作品基础信息
项目
内容
作业名称
Unit 6 Looking into Science 跨学科综合类分层作业
学科
初中英语
教材版本
冀教版(2024年版)《英语》九年级上册
适用学段/年级
初中九年级(上学期)
单元/课题
Unit 6 Looking into Science
课型
单元跨学科综合实践作业(分层设计)
作业主题
科学与技术——探索科学,走近科学
跨学科融合点
物理(大气压强)、化学(燃烧与氧气)、生物(DNA与遗传)、历史(造纸术、印刷术与书籍发展史)、信息技术(科技产品与数字生活)、数学(分数与数据)
作业层级
A层 基础巩固(必做)/B层 能力提升(选做)/C层 拓展实践(挑战)
作业总量
3个层级,共10道题
建议用时
约40分钟(A层约18分钟、B层约12分钟、C层约10分钟)
设计者
×××
设计日期
2026年9月
二、设计背景与意图
(一)课标依据
依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》,英语课程内容由主题、语篇、语言知识、文化知识、语言技能、学习策略六个要素构成,强调以主题为引领,在真实情境中开展语言实践,倡导开展跨学科主题学习。《义务教育课程方案(2022年版)》要求各门课程用不少于10%的课时设计跨学科主题学习。本作业隶属“人与自然”与“人与社会”主题范畴交叉下的“科学与技术”主题群,以“探索科学、走近科学”为主线,整合物理、化学、生物、历史、信息技术、数学等学科知识与方法,引导学生在真实、有趣的科学情境中运用英语完成任务,指向语言能力、思维品质、文化意识与学习能力的融合发展。课标要求学生能读懂科普类语篇,获取并梳理关键信息,能运用所学语言描述实验过程与科学现象、表达对科技发展的看法,在语言实践中发展观察、比较、归纳、推断等思维能力,培养尊重事实、乐于探究、勇于创新的科学态度。
(二)教材分析
Unit 6 Looking into Science 是冀教版(2024年版)九年级上册的最后一个单元,以“探索科学、走近科学”为主线,围绕科学实验、科学史与科技生活组织语言材料,共编排7个课时:Lesson 1 Let's Do an Experiment!(大气压强实验)、Lesson 2 The History of the Book(书籍发展史)、Lesson 3 DNA Is Fantastic!(DNA与遗传)、Lesson 4 Technology around Us(科技与生活)、Lesson 5 Keep the Candle Burning!(蜡烛燃烧与氧气)、Lesson 6 Science Affects Us(科学如何影响我们)、Lesson 7 About Science(科学家的故事与科学精神)。单元集中呈现 experiment、pressure、conclude、tablet、printing、accessible、gene、technology、oxygen、unless、discovery 等核心词汇,以及 fill...with...、turn...upside down、be made up of、regardless of、use up、trial and error 等高频短语,并复现被动语态(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时)、that引导的宾语从句、定语从句等语法项目。本单元语篇自带跨学科属性,为设计跨学科综合类分层作业提供了天然载体。
(三)学情分析
1. 优势:九年级学生对科学实验、科技产品、太空探索等话题兴趣浓厚,已具备一定的生活经验和英语基础;在物理、化学、生物、历史等学科中已接触过大气压强、氧气占比、DNA、造纸术与印刷术等知识,具备较好的跨学科基础,话题贴近生活,易于激发表达欲。
2. 不足:一是本单元生词较集中且抽象(pressure、accessible、regardless、oxygen、technology 等),拼写与词形变化容易出错;二是被动语态、宾语从句、定语从句等语法项目,学生在真实表达中容易混淆;三是科普类语篇信息密集,学生梳理“观点—支撑信息”、按序复述实验过程的能力有待提高;四是学生英语水平差异明显,统一难度的作业易造成“吃不饱”与“吃不了”并存。
3. 对策:依据“最近发展区”理论设计“基础—提升—拓展”三层递进的分层作业,让每名学生在力所能及的层级中获得成功体验;以“做实验、说数据、绘时间轴、写报告”等真实跨学科任务承载语言实践,实现以语言为工具、以科学为内容的融合育人。
(四)设计意图
1. 落实“双减”精神与作业管理要求,控总量、提质量,减负增效,避免机械重复;
2. 遵循“教—学—评”一致性,使作业目标与单元教学目标、评价标准同向同行;
3. 采用“A层—B层—C层”三层递进结构,尊重差异、因材施教,兼顾基础性与选择性;
4. 突出跨学科主题学习,融通物理、化学、生物、历史、信息技术、数学等学科,引导学生在真实情境中综合运用多学科知识解决问题;
5. 引导学生在用英语做实验、讲科学、述历史的过程中,体会科学探究的乐趣,养成观察—归纳—表达的科学学习习惯,发展核心素养。
三、作业目标
(一)基础性目标(A层·面向全体学生)
1. 能正确认读、拼写并运用本单元重点词汇:experiment、jar、pressure、conclude、tablet、printing、accessible、blueprint、gene、technology、oxygen、repeat、identify 等;
2. 能正确进行词性转换,掌握 surprise→surprised、wide→widely、develop→development、pollute→pollution 等常见派生;
3. 能在科学情境中正确运用被动语态、that 引导的宾语从句、分数表达等语法项目;
4. 能读懂与本单元难度相当的科普短文,获取关键信息。
(二)发展性目标(B层·面向大多数学生)
1. 能读懂科普类说明文,梳理“观点—支撑信息”结构,提取并归纳关键信息;
2. 能就科学实验、科技生活等话题进行简单的口语与书面表达;
3. 能结合数学知识,用英语正确表达分数、数据与图表信息,实现英语与数学、化学的融合运用;
4. 能初步运用观察、比较、归纳、推断等思维方式分析科学现象。
(三)挑战性目标(C层·面向学有余力的学生)
1. 能综合运用所学语言与相关学科知识,完成简明的科学实验报告;
2. 能借助时间轴梳理书籍发展史等跨学科项目,并用英语陈述其历史意义;
3. 能围绕科技对生活的影响撰写短文,表达个人观点,做到有论点、有例证;
4. 能在跨学科实践中体会求真务实、勇于探究的科学精神,发展创新意识与实践能力。
(四)跨学科素养目标
1. 科学素养:借助物理、化学、生物等知识理解实验现象与科学原理,形成尊重事实、乐于探究的科学态度;
2. 历史与文化意识:了解中国造纸术、活字印刷对世界文明的贡献,增强文化自信;
3. 数字素养:认识科技给生活带来的变化,学会辩证看待科技、合理使用科技;
4. 学习能力:在跨学科任务中学会合作、观察、记录与反思。
四、作业内容与目标对应表
层级
题号
题型
作业内容简述
对应目标
跨学科融合
预计用时
难度
A层
必做
一
词汇过关
科学主题词汇8小题
A1
物理·化学·生物·历史
4分钟
易
A层
必做
二
词形变化
词性转换6小题
A2
科学类词汇派生
3分钟
易
A层
必做
三
单项选择
词汇与语法6小题
A3
科学情境语法
4分钟
易
A层
必做
四
完成句子
句型转换5小题
A3
科学内容句型
4分钟
中
B层
选做
五
完形填空
科普短文10空
B1、B2
物理(气压·氧气)
4分钟
中
B层
选做
六
阅读理解
书籍发展史5小题
B1、B2
历史
4分钟
中
B层
选做
七
跨学科探究
数据与分数表达5小题
B3、B2
数学·化学
4分钟
中
C层
挑战
八
实验报告
英文实验报告
C1、C4
物理·化学·英语
4分钟
难
C层
挑战
九
跨学科项目
书籍发展史时间轴
C2、C3
历史·英语
3分钟
难
C层
挑战
十
跨学科写作
科技改变生活短文
C1、C3
综合·英语
3分钟
难
五、作业评价
(一)评价理念
坚持“教—学—评”一致性,采用“过程性评价+结果性评价”相结合的方式,关注学生在语言实践与跨学科探究中的真实表现;坚持分层评价,不同层级设置不同的评价标准,让每名学生都能获得正向反馈,实现以评促学、以评促教。
(二)评价方式
1. 学生自评:完成作业后对照“作业评价量表”进行自我评价,标注“我掌握了/我还需要加强”;
2. 同伴互评:C层实践类作业采用小组互评,从“内容、语言、创意、合作”四个维度进行评价;
3. 教师评价:A、B层采用等级评价(优秀/良好/合格/待改进),C层采用“等级+评语”评价,重点肯定跨学科思维与语言运用亮点;
4. 档案袋评价:将实验报告、时间轴、短文等实践成果存入学习档案袋,作为过程性评价依据。
(三)分层评价量表
层级
评价内容
评价标准
评价方式
A层
词汇、词形、语法与句子(第一~四题)
优秀:全部正确、书写规范;良好:错1~3处;合格:错4~6处;待改进:错6处以上
教师等级评价
B层
语篇理解与跨学科探究(第五~七题)
优秀:信息提取准确、数据表达规范;良好:基本准确;合格:能完成大部分;待改进:需教师指导
教师等级评价+自评
C层
跨学科实践与综合表达(第八~十题)
优秀:内容充实、语言准确、有创意、体现科学精神;良好:内容完整、语言较准确;合格:能完成基本任务
等级+评语+同伴互评
综合素养评价维度如下表:
评价维度
优秀(☆☆☆)
良好(☆☆)
合格(☆)
语言准确
词汇、语法错误不超过1处
错误2~4处
错误5~7处
内容完整
任务要求全部完成
基本完成
完成大部分
思维品质
有观察、归纳、推断,观点清晰
有一定思考
思考较少
跨学科融合
恰当运用多学科知识解决问题
能运用相关学科知识
初步运用
(四)作业反馈与改进
1. 面批与个别辅导:针对A层易错点(词汇拼写、被动语态)进行集中讲评;
2. 成果展示:择优展示C层实验报告、时间轴与短文,建立“科学小达人”展示栏;
3. 二次修改:学生根据评价意见对C层作业进行修改完善,形成“初稿—反馈—定稿”的完整过程;
4. 单元复盘:结合评价数据调整后续教学,实现“以评促学、以评促教”。
六、试题详情
A层 基础巩固(必做,建议用时:约18分钟)
一、根据首字母或汉语提示,写出正确的单词。(每小题1分,共8分)
1. Our science teacher showed us a glass j______(罐子)and said we would do an experiment.
2. Air p______(压强)keeps the water in the jar when you turn it upside down.
3. The earliest known books were written on clay t______(泥板)around 2,100 BCE.
4. In the Song Dynasty, movable type p______(印刷)made books cheaper.
5. DNA is the b______(蓝图)of life. It decides our physical features.
6. Technology has changed the way we live, work, learn and c______(交流).
7. When a candle burns, it uses up the o______(氧气)in the air.
8. Scientists repeat experiments to i______(确认)the genes.
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。(每小题1分,共6分)
1. The water didn't pour out, so Danny was very ______(surprise).
2. More and more e-books are ______(wide)used today.
3. The experiment shows that air is much ______(strong)than we think.
4. With the ______(develop)of technology, our life becomes more convenient.
5. Scientists are working hard to deal with ______(pollute)and climate change.
6. Each gene ______(interact)with others to make us who we are.
三、单项选择。(每小题1分,共6分)
1. — What ______ the water in the jar? — The air pressure.
A. keeps B. keep C. is keeping D. kept
2. A lot of new inventions ______ in the coming years.
A. are made B. will be made C. have made D. were made
3. — Shall we do the experiment together? — ______.
A. Yes, we shall B. Good idea C. That's all right D. You're welcome
4. The experiment tells us that about ______ of the air in the jar is oxygen.
A. one five B. one fifth C. first five D. fifth one
5. DNA is ______ complicated that building a car is much simpler.
A. too B. very C. so D. such
6. — Could you tell me ______ the candle stops burning? — Because it has used up the oxygen.
A. why B. how C. when D. where
四、按要求完成句子。(每小题2分,共10分)
1. The water will not pour out.(改为一般疑问句)
______ the water ______ out?
2. People use oxygen when they breathe.(改为被动语态)
Oxygen ______ ______ by people when they breathe.
3. The candle has used up all the oxygen in the jar.(改为否定句)
The candle ______ ______ up all the oxygen in the jar.
4. Books became accessible to the general public.(改为一般疑问句)
______ books ______ accessible to the general public?
5. 空气压强把纸板压在了瓶口。(汉译英,用被动语态)
The cardboard ______ ______ ______ the top of the jar by air pressure.
B层 能力提升(选做,建议用时:约12分钟)
五、完形填空。(每小题1分,共10分)
Last week our science teacher Mr. Wang showed us a wonderful experiment. He placed a candle in a shallow dish and 1______ it. Then he covered the candle with a big glass jar. We watched 2______. After a few seconds, the candle stopped 3______. To our surprise, the water in the dish began to 4______ into the jar. “Why does it happen?” we asked. Mr. Wang smiled and 5______, “The candle uses up the oxygen in the jar. Since about 6______ of the air is oxygen, the water rises and fills about one fifth of the jar.” We were all 7______. It was not a magic trick but science! Mr. Wang told us that science is 8______ us in our daily life. Smartphones, e-books and electric cars are all 9______ of modern technology. He encouraged us to observe more, ask more and 10______ like scientists. From then on, I fell in love with science.
1. A. lit B. opened C. closed D. poured
2. A. carelessly B. carefully C. hardly D. sadly
3. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burns
4. A. fall B. drop C. rise D. raise
5. A. explained B. shouted C. cried D. laughed
6. A. four fifths B. one fifth C. one fourth D. two thirds
7. A. bored B. boring C. surprised D. surprising
8. A. under B. behind C. among D. around
9. A. inventions B. invitations C. instructions D. introductions
10. A. to think B. thinking C. think D. thought
六、阅读理解。(每小题2分,共10分)
Books have a long history. Long ago, people recorded information on bones, clay tablets and bamboo. The earliest known books were clay tablets written around 2,100 BCE. Later, Chinese people made great contributions to books. In the Han Dynasty, paper was invented, which made writing much easier. In the Song Dynasty, movable type printing was created. As a result, books could be produced in larger quantities and at lower costs, so they became accessible to the general public. The 15th century saw the invention of the printing press in Europe. The Industrial Revolution brought mass production, and books became even cheaper. In the late 20th century, digital technology arrived. E-books became popular, and readers could read books on electronic devices such as computers and e-readers. Today, with a smartphone, we can access millions of books online. Though e-books are convenient, many people still love paper books. Whatever form they take, books remain a valuable source of knowledge and cultural exchange, and they continue to shape human civilization.
1. The earliest known books were written on ______.
A. bones B. bamboo C. clay tablets D. paper
2. What did movable type printing do for books?
A. It made books more expensive.
B. It helped produce books in larger quantities and at lower costs.
C. It made books unavailable to the public.
D. It replaced paper completely.
3. When did the printing press appear in Europe?
A. In the 2nd century. B. In the 15th century. C. In the 19th century. D. In the 20th century.
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. E-books appeared in the Han Dynasty.
B. Paper was invented in the Song Dynasty.
C. Readers can read e-books on electronic devices.
D. Paper books are no longer popular today.
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How to write books. B. The history and importance of books.
C. Why paper books are better. D. How to use e-readers.
七、跨学科探究:用英语说数据。(共10分)
科学课上,我们通过蜡烛燃烧实验发现:瓶内的水上升并填满了瓶子大约五分之一的空间。查阅资料可知,干燥空气中各成分的体积分数约为:氮气(nitrogen)78%、氧气(oxygen)21%、其他气体1%。也就是说,氧气约占空气体积的五分之一,可用下式表示:
1. Nitrogen makes up about ______ of the air.(用英语分数表达)
2. Oxygen makes up about ______ of the air.(用英语分数表达)
3. 在蜡烛燃烧实验中,瓶内的水上升并填满了瓶子大约______。(用英语分数表达)
4. 用英语写出下列分数:1/2 = ______;1/4 = ______;3/4 = ______。
5. 用一句英语说明:因为空气中约五分之一是氧气,所以蜡烛熄灭后瓶内的水上升并填满瓶子约五分之一。
C层 拓展实践(挑战,建议用时:约10分钟)
八、跨学科实验报告(物理·化学+英语)。(共10分)
情境:结合 Lesson 1 或 Lesson 5 中的实验,用英语完成一份简明的实验报告。要求:
① 写出实验名称(Name of the experiment);
② 列出所需器材(Materials);
③ 用 First / Then / Next / Finally 等词按顺序写出实验步骤(Steps);
④ 描述实验现象(What you see);
⑤ 解释实验原理(Why it happens),并写出结论(Conclusion)。
参考词汇:fill...with...、cover...with...、turn...upside down、use up、be made up of、air pressure。大气压强把纸板紧紧压在瓶口,可用压强公式表示:
其中 p 为压强,F 为压力,S 为受力面积。请用英语说明大气压强是如何把水“留”在瓶里的。
九、跨学科项目:The History of the Book 时间轴(历史+英语)。(共10分)
将下列事件按时间先后排列,把答案(字母)填入横线;然后任选三个时间点,各用一句英语说明该书发展事件的意义。
A. The printing press was invented in Europe.
B. Paper was invented in China.
C. People wrote on clay tablets.
D. E-books became popular.
E. Movable type printing was invented in China.
时间轴:______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______
(提示:around 2,100 BCE → Han Dynasty → Song Dynasty → 15th century → late 20th century)
十、跨学科写作:Science Changes Our Life(综合+英语)。(共10分)
用英语写一篇80词左右的短文,介绍科技(如智能手机、导航应用、电子书、电动汽车等)给我们的生活带来的改变,并谈谈你的看法(至少写出一点好处和一点需要注意的地方)。
参考词汇:technology、convenience、navigation app、e-book、electric car、reduce pollution、regardless of distance、be convenient for、use...properly。
七、答案与解析
(一)A层 基础巩固
一、词汇过关
1. jar 2. pressure 3. tablets 4. printing 5. blueprint 6. communicate 7. oxygen 8. identify
二、词形变化
1. surprised 2. widely 3. stronger 4. development 5. pollution 6. interacts
解析:1. 修饰人(Danny)用 -ed 形式的形容词 surprised;2. 修饰动词 used 应用副词 widely;3. much 后接形容词比较级,用 stronger;4. the ______ of 中间应用名词 development;5. deal with 后接名词,用 pollution;6. 主语 Each gene 为第三人称单数,谓语用 interacts。
三、单项选择
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A
解析:1. 主语 What 视为单数,且陈述客观事实,用 keeps;2. in the coming years 表示将来,inventions 与 make 之间为被动关系,用一般将来时的被动语态 will be made;3. Shall we...? 是提出建议的句型,肯定回答常用 Good idea.;4. 分数表达“五分之一”为 one fifth,分子用基数词、分母用序数词;5. so...that... 意为“如此……以至于……”,so 后接形容词;6. 根据回答 Because... 可知问的是原因,用 why 引导宾语从句。
四、完成句子
1. Will; pour 2. is used 3. hasn't used 4. Did; become 5. is pushed against
解析:1. 含情态动词 will 的句子变一般疑问句,将 will 提至句首;2. 一般现在时被动语态为 is/are + 过去分词,主语 Oxygen 为不可数名词,用 is used;3. 现在完成时否定式为 has not(hasn't)+ 过去分词;4. became 为过去式,变疑问句用助动词 Did,其后动词还原为 become;5. “被压在……上”为 be pushed against,主语 The cardboard 为单数,用 is pushed against。
(二)B层 能力提升
五、完形填空
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C
解析:1. 由语境“把蜡烛放在浅盘中并点燃”可知用 lit;2. 观看实验应“仔细地”,用 carefully;3. stop doing sth. 表示“停止正在做的事”,蜡烛“停止燃烧”用 burning;4. 水在瓶中“上升”用 rise(不及物动词),raise 为及物动词;5. 老师“解释”现象用 explained;6. 氧气约占空气的五分之一,用 one fifth;7. 人感到“惊讶的”用 surprised;8. science is around us 意为“科学就在我们身边”;9. 智能手机、电子书等是“发明”,用 inventions;10. and 连接的并列动词保持原形,用 think。
六、阅读理解
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B
解析:1. 由第一段“The earliest known books were clay tablets”可知选C;2. 由第二段“books could be produced in larger quantities and at lower costs”可知选B;3. 由“The 15th century saw the invention of the printing press in Europe”可知选B;4. 由“readers could read books on electronic devices”可知选C;5. 全文围绕书籍的发展历史及其意义展开,主旨为B。
七、跨学科探究:用英语说数据
1. four fifths
2. one fifth
3. one fifth
4. 1/2 = a half(one half);1/4 = a quarter(one fourth);3/4 = three quarters(three fourths)
5. Since about one fifth of the air is oxygen, after the candle goes out, the water inside the jar rises and fills about one fifth of the jar.
解析:英语分数表达遵循“分子用基数词、分母用序数词”的规则;当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式,如 four fifths(五分之四)、three fourths(四分之三)。氮气约占空气的五分之四,氧气约占五分之一。
(三)C层 拓展实践
八、跨学科实验报告(参考答案)
Name of the experiment: The Upside-down Jar Experiment
Materials: a glass jar, some water, a piece of cardboard
Steps:
First, fill the jar with water.
Then, cover the top of the jar with a piece of cardboard.
Next, hold the jar tightly and turn it upside down.
Finally, let go of the cardboard and watch.
What you see: The water does not pour out. The cardboard stays on the top of the jar.
Why it happens: Air pressure pushes the cardboard against the top of the jar. The force of the air outside is strong enough to hold the cardboard and keep the water in.
Conclusion: Air is stronger than we think. This experiment shows the power of air pressure.
解析:报告须包含实验名称、器材、步骤、现象、原理与结论;步骤可用祈使句或 first/then/next/finally 衔接;原理说明须体现被动含义(is pushed、is held)。实验与“压强 p = F/S”建立联系:瓶口面积 S 一定时,外界大气压 p 越大、对纸板的压力 F 越大,越能把水“托”在瓶内。
九、跨学科项目:书籍发展史时间轴
正确排序:C → B → E → A → D
(约公元前2100年 → 汉代 → 宋代 → 15世纪 → 20世纪末)
示例句子:
· People wrote on clay tablets around 2,100 BCE; these were the earliest known “books”.
· In the Han Dynasty, paper was invented, which made writing much easier.
· In the Song Dynasty, movable type printing was invented, so books could be produced in larger quantities and at lower costs.
· In the 15th century, the printing press was invented in Europe, and books became accessible to the general public.
· In the late 20th century, e-books became popular, and readers could read books on electronic devices.
解析:中国造纸术与活字印刷是世界书籍发展史上的重要里程碑,体现了中华文明对人类文明的贡献,有助于增强文化自信(文化意识)。
十、跨学科写作:Science Changes Our Life(参考范文)
Science Changes Our Life
Science and technology have changed our life greatly. With a smartphone, we can talk with friends, watch videos and look up information at the click of a button. Navigation apps make travel much easier and more comfortable, and e-books allow us to read millions of books online. Electric cars are also becoming popular because they help reduce pollution. In my opinion, technology brings us great convenience regardless of distance and time. However, we should also use it properly. For example, we shouldn't spend too much time on phones. If we use technology in a right way, it will make our life better and better.
解析:短文可用一般现在时、现在完成时描述科技带来的变化,用 In my opinion / I think 等表达观点;评分关注内容完整性、语言准确性与观点鲜明度,鼓励学生结合自身体验举例。
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