Unit 7 The nature world 知识清单 2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

2026-10-13
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(新教材)八上 Unit 7 The natural world 1.To treat the earth kindly is to treat oneself kindly. 善待地球就是善待自己。 2.different ecosystems 不同生态系统 ecosystem n. 生态系统 ecology生态学→ ecologist生态学家 3.give suggestions on 提出。。。的建议 4.the importance of protecting ecosystems 保护生态系统的重要性 Welcome to the unit 5.Rainforests are home to over half of all the types of animals and plants on earth. 雨林是地球上一半以上动植物的家园。 be home to ……的家园 6. Coral reefs look like rocks, but they support a lot of life in just a small area. 珊瑚礁看起来像岩石,但它们在一小块区域里就维系着大量的生命。 1) support v. 维系;支持;n. 支持 1  作动词常接名词:支撑、维持 2  作名词时:支持;帮助 in support of 支持;拥护 2)area n. 区域;面积。 the area of… 。。。的面积 7.lie between deserts and forests 位于沙漠和森林之间 8.The ice is home to animals like polar bears and penguins. 冰层是北极熊和企鹅等动物的栖息地。 9.Well, it’s very dry in deserts because there’s little rain. 嗯,沙漠里非常干燥,因为雨水很少。 区分 little, a little, few, a few, less 单词 / 短语 修饰对象 语义 little 不可数名词 否定(“几乎没有”,表数量极少) a little 不可数名词 肯定(“有一些”) few 可数名词复数 否定(几乎没有,表数量极少) a few 可数名词复数 肯定(表数量不多但足够) 10.And the difference in temperature between day and night is huge. 昼夜温差很大。 1) the difference between....and..... …之间的不同 2) the difference in.... …方面的不同 11. Yes, the climate in deserts is so awful that only a few animals and plants can live there. 是的,沙漠的气候极其恶劣,只有少数动植物能在那里生存。 1) climate n. 气候(不可数)。 awful climate(恶劣气候); changeable climate(多变气候)。 2) so...that...:如此…… 以至于…… 引导结果状语从句,so后面跟形容词或者副词 such:修饰 名词短语,表 如此(的)…… 常见结构: such a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数+ that +句子 such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数+ that + 句子 such + 形容词 + 不可数名词+ that + 句子 12. The desert plants keep water in their leaves, and many animals there get water from these plants. 沙漠植物的叶子里有水,那里的许多动物都从这些植物里取水。 keep water in... 把水保存在…… get water from.... 从……中获得水 Reading 13.Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands. 生态系统有不同的规模,从小池塘到大型草原不等。 1) be of different sizes 具有不同的尺寸 / 大小 2) from small ponds to large grasslands 小到池塘 大到草原 3)be of different sizes=be different in size 14.Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps keep the balance between all its members and the greater environment. 每个生态系统都有其作用,有助于维持系统内所有成员与更广阔环境之间的平衡。 1) role n. 作用;角色。 play a role扮演一个角色,发挥作用 2) balance n. 平衡 keep the balance 维持平衡 lose the balance 失去平衡 15. It covers around 71% of the earth’s surface and produces about 70% of the earth’s oxygen. 它覆盖了地球表面约71%的面积,产生了地球上约70%的氧气。 16.It holds plenty of salt water, and the water rises to the sky, falls onto the land and then returns to the ocean. 它容纳着大量的咸水,水分蒸发到天空,落到陆地上,然后又回流到海洋。 1) plenty adj. 大量的 plenty of 可接可数 / 不可数名词 2) rise vi. 上升;升起(rise-rose- risen ) 3) return v. 返回;归还。 return to返回相当于get/come/go back return sth.归还某物相当于give back 注意:return不能接back 17.This goes on and on, so the ocean is just like the “heart” of the earth. 这个过程循环往复,所以海洋就像地球的 “心脏”。 1) go on继续;持续 go on and on 一直持续下去 go on doing sth —继续做同一件事 go on to do sth —接着做另一件事 2) be like像…… 18.Plants in wetlands help get rid of pollution and make the water clean. 湿地里的植物有助于清除污染,净化水质。 1) get rid of清除;摆脱 2) wetland n. 湿地(可数名词,复数加 -s )。 3) pollution n. 污染(不可数名词 )。 pollute vt.污染;弄脏 polluted adj.被污染的 polluted water被污染的水 19. Forests make up nearly a third of the earth’s land area. 森林占地球陆地面积的近三分之一。 20.Therefore, people often call forests the “lungs” of the earth.(教材 P95) 因此,人们常把森林称为地球的 “肺”。 1) therefore adv. 因此;所以(常放句首 ) 2) call + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 称呼…… 为…… 21.They keep the planet healthy and make our world a better place. 它们 维持着地球的健康,让我们的世界变得更美好。 make /keep+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语 使…… 成为/保持…… 22.What is an ecosystem made up of? 生态由什么组成? 1) make up 部分组成整体 2) be made up of... 整体由部分组成 3) 1/3 a third=one third 分数表示:分子基数词,分母序数词,分子>1,分母+s。 23.It plays an important role in slowing down climate change. 它在减缓气候变化方面发挥着重要作用。 play an important role in.....在…方面起着重要的作用 slow down 减缓 ① go for表示去进行(某项活动)。 ② 近义表达:have a picnic/go on a picnic Grammar 24. Some animals feed on the leaves. 一些动物以吃叶子为生。 feed on... 以吃……为生 25. The desert is hot, dry and covered by sand. 沙漠炎热干燥,被沙子覆盖着。 be covered by... 被……覆盖 26. The deep ocean isn’t warm, bright or noisy. 深海并不温暖、明亮或嘈杂。 27.动词及基本句型(II) 结构类型 句型公式 核心特点 常用动词 双宾语结构 S + V + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 指人(间接宾语)+ 指物(直接宾语) 与 to 搭配:bring, feed, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, post, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, write等 与 for 搭配:bring, build, buy, cook, find, get, leave, make, order, pick, save等 宾语补足语结构 S + V + 宾语 + 宾补 宾补补充说明宾语的状态或动作 see, call, make, have, keep等 28.并列连词 连词 中文含义 关系类型 注意事项 and 和,又 并列关系 在否定句中并列成分通常用 or 连接 but 但是 转折关系 不能和 “即使,尽管 (though/although/even though/even if) ” 连用 or 或者 选择关系 朗读时,语调先升后降 so 所以 因果关系 和从属连词 because不能一起使用 Word Power 29. You might hear about the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the largest reef system on earth. 你可能听说过澳大利亚的大堡礁,它是地球上最大的珊瑚礁系统。 hear about=hear of 听说 hear+从句 听说…… hear from.... 收到某人的来信 30. When you look at a coral reef, you might think it is simply a group of colourful rocks. However, corals are living things. 当你看到珊瑚礁时,你可能会认为它只是一群五颜六色的岩石。然而,珊瑚是有生命的东西。 simply adv. 简单地;仅仅,只不过 simply because... 仅仅是因为 31. What’s more, climate change is greatly damaging the ocean’s environment. 此外,气候变化正在极大地破坏海洋环境。 What’s more=moreover Adjective Adverb real really bad badly careful carefully slow slowly near nearly easy easily 32. 后缀-ly Noun Adjective friend friendly love lovely year yearly month monthly week weekly day daily Adjective Adjective kind kindly like likely live lively dead deadly Integration 33. It is one of the world’s most important wetlands. 它是世界上最重要的湿地之一。 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 34.It is home to some rare birds. 它是一些珍稀鸟类的家园 35.Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some go there only for a short stay. 许多鸟类常年生活在扎龙,而有些鸟类只是去那里短暂停留。 while : 1) conj. 然而 2) 当…… 时候 引导时间状语从句。 Eg:While I was reading a storybook last night, my mother came into my room.​ 3) 名词:一会儿;一段时间​ 35.Moreover, if fishermen keep fishing there, the birds will not have enough food to eat. 此外,如果渔民一直在那里捕鱼,鸟类将会没有足够的食物。 1) if 引导条件状语从句:遵循主将从现 2) enough food足够的食物 enough 修饰名词可放名词前 enough 修饰形容词或者副词 Eg: He is old enough to look after himself. I have enough money to buy a car. 36. Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong. 现在中国政府已经制定了法律来防止扎龙发生这些事情。 1) make laws to do 制定法律做某事 2) prevent/stop sb. (from) doing=keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事 37. The reserve covers an area of about 2,472 square kilometres. 保护区面积约2472平方公里。 cover an area of... 占地面积…… 38.Tourists may bring trouble to the animals there. 游客可能会给那里的动物带来麻烦。 bring trouble to sb. 给……带来麻烦 39.And maybe we can take our own chopsticks when eating out. 而且或许我们外出就餐时可以自带筷子。 when eating out:完整为 when we are eating out, 从句和主句的主语一致时,可省略主语和be动词。 40.You said it! 你说得对! 41.Education and knowledge are useful tools to help keep forests safe. 教育和知识是帮助保护森林安全的有用工具。 1) education n. 教育(不可数名词 )。 educate vt. 教育;教导 educated adj.受过教育的 educational adj.有教育意义的 2) tool n. 工具 42.It is also a good idea to tell people how to protect the ocean. It is + 名词 + to do sth. 做某事是……,it 作形式主语 43.I am writing today to ask for your help in protecting the ocean. 我今天写信请求你的帮助来保护海洋。 1) I am writing to... 我写信是为了…… 2) one’s help in doing one’s help with sth. 44.There are millions of tons of plastic waste in the ocean. 海洋中有数百万吨塑料垃圾。 millions of tons of 数百万吨 45.Also, wastewater from factories and houses travels to the ocean and causes pollution. 此外,工厂和房屋的废水会流入海洋并造成污染. 46.more environment-friendly products 更环保的产品 47. It is meaningful to join an environmental group and work as a volunteer. 加入环保组织并做志愿者是有意义的。 1) join表示加入,成为……的一员 join an environmental group 加入环保组织 2) work as a volunteer 做志愿者 Further study 48. a wonderful documentary about various kinds of wetlands in China. 一部很棒的纪录片关于中国各种各样的湿地。 49. the Chinese people’s efforts to protect them and the achievements we have made. 中国人民为了保护它们所做的努力和取得的成就。 50. 词汇运用提示 pollution:用于描述污染 protect:表达保护海洋如 Eg:We must protect the ... harm:说明污染等对海洋的伤害 environment-friendly:形容环保产品 volunteer:志愿者 51. Take action to save the ocean. 采取行动拯救海洋 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 7 The nature world 知识清单 2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册
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Unit 7 The nature world 知识清单 2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册
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