Unit7 The Natural World Grammar 知识点清单2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单围绕“自然世界”主题，系统梳理了双宾语结构与宾补结构、并列连词用法、后缀-ly变形规则三大核心语法模块。从基础句型结构到句子连接逻辑，再到词汇形态转换，构建循序渐进的学习支架。 知识链路按“定义-例句-转换-高频词-拓展应用”逻辑清晰呈现，配套句型分类和句子合并习题强化语法辨析。易错汇总突出双宾语to/for搭配、宾补形容词使用等难点，生态主题作文句型融合语法点提升语言表达能力，通过分类对比和主题应用培养学生语言能力与思维品质。

Unit7 The Natural World ⭐Grammar知识点清单 第一部分 Grammar A：双宾语结构 S+V+IO+DO & 宾语补足语 S+V+O+C 一、句型 1：主谓双宾 S + V + 间接宾语 IO + 直接宾语 DO 1. 定义：部分动词可接两个宾语，人 = 间接宾语，事物 = 直接宾语 例句：The sun gives ocean animals light and heat. 主语 (S)：The sun；谓语 (V)：gives；间接宾语 (IO)：ocean animals；直接宾语 (DO)：light and heat 2. 两种转换格式（to /for 互换） · 动词搭配 to：give / pass / hand / send / show / tell S+V+IO+DO = S+V+DO + to + IO The sun gives light and heat to ocean animals. · 动词搭配 for：build / make / cook / buy / prepare S+V+IO+DO = S+V+DO + for + IO We build a better home for local wildlife. 3. 课本高频双宾语动词清单 give, pass, hand, send, show, tell, buy, build, make, cook, prepare 二、句型 2：主谓宾 + 宾语补足语 S + V + O + C（宾语补足语） 1. 定义：宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的状态、身份、特征 2. 两种补足语形式 ① 形容词作宾补：keep/make + 宾语 + 形容词 The mother bird keeps the eggs safe. Little rain makes deserts dry. ② 名词作宾补：call + 宾语 + 名词 They call the ocean the “heart” of the earth. We made the forest the topic of this class. 3. 课本高频可接宾补动词：keep, make, call, find, think 三、状语拓展 两种句型后均可加副词 / 介词短语作状语，表时间、地点、方式 The ocean provides a home for animals all year round.（all year round 时间状语） 四、A1 划线句句型分类 1. Little rain and too much sunshine make deserts dry. → S+V+O+C 2. Many desert plants give animals water. → S+V+IO+DO 3. The water can keep them healthy. → S+V+O+C 4. Quite a few desert plants also give animals food. → S+V+IO+DO 第二部分 Grammar B：并列连词 and /but/or /so 1. and 并列连词（并列相似、递进、并列关系） · 连接两个简单句：Rainforests are hot, and they get a lot of rain. · 三个及以上并列，只在最后一项前加 and： The desert is hot, dry and covered by sand. Oceans provide food, produce oxygen and store heat. 2. but 转折连词（前后内容相反、对比） This kind of fish can find enough space here, but they can find little food. 3. or 选择连词 ① 表二选一可能性：Birds can live in the forest or in the wetland. ② 否定句中并列多个并列成分，替代 and： The deep ocean isn’t warm, bright or noisy. 4. so 因果连词（表结果，前因后果） Deserts are dry, so some plants keep water in their leaves. 配套 B1 合并句子答题逻辑 1. Grasslands can be hot, and animals sit under the shade of trees. 2. Wetlands can have salt water or fresh water. 3. There are forests in Asia, and there are forests in Europe. 4. Deserts are dry, but they are not always hot. 5. Some rainforest animals don’t like wind or rain. 第三部分 Word power：后缀 -ly 三大变形规则 一、规则 1：形容词 + ly → 副词（修饰动词、形容词、整句话） 形容词 副词 例句 real really It is really wonderful. bad badly The coral reefs are badly damaged. careful carefully We watch the reef carefully. slow slowly Corals die slowly. near nearly nearly 30% of animals easy easily Animals can find food easily. simple simply It is simply colourful rocks. great greatly greatly damage the environment 二、规则 2：名词 + ly → 形容词（表周期、特质） 1. 时间周期名词：day-daily, week-weekly, month-monthly, year-yearly 2. 特质名词：friend-friendly, love-lovely 三、规则 3：形容词 + ly → 新形容词 kind-kindly, live-lively, dead-deadly, like-likely 四、A 短文词形转换考点 1. simple → simply 副词修饰整句 2. slow → slowly 副词修饰动词 die 3. great → greatly 副词修饰动词 damaging 4. friend → friendly 形容词修饰 environment 5. lucky → Luckily 副词放句首作评注性状语 6. real → really 副词修饰形容词 hard 四、三大板块综合语法易错汇总 1. 双宾语 to/for 动词固定搭配不可混用：make sth for sb 不能用 to 2. S+V+O+C 宾补只能用形容词，不可用副词 ❌ make deserts dryly ✅ make deserts dry 3. 否定句并列只用 or，不用 and 4. 后缀 - ly 变形区分： 修饰动词用副词 slowly；修饰名词用形容词 friendly/lively 5. so 表结果不能与 because 连用在同一个句子 五、易混词辨析 1. friendly /lovely 形容词，不可作副词 2. daily/weekly/monthly/yearly 既可作形容词也可作副词 3. nearly /near near 介词 “在附近”；nearly 副词 “几乎，差不多” 4. really /real real adj. 真实的；really adv. 真正地 六、生态主题作文万能句型（融合全部语法） 1. S+V+IO+DO：Wetlands give all wildlife clean water and safe homes. 2. S+V+O+C：We call forests the lungs of the earth and keep them healthy. 3. 并列连词：Forests take in CO₂ and produce oxygen, but human pollution harms them badly. 4. -ly 副词修饰：Climate change greatly breaks the natural balance, so we must act quickly to protect all ecosystems. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $