Unit 1 Grammar 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语译林版八年级上册

2026-10-12
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Unit 1 Friendship Grammar 课  题 Unit 1 Friendship — Grammar 课  型 语法课(Grammar) 课  时 第三课时(45分钟) 授课年级 八年级上册 教  材 译林版(2024)英语八年级上册 话  题 形容词比较级与最高级——比较朋友的外貌、能力与品质 核心素养目标 语言能力 掌握形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则及发音变化;能在描述朋友外貌、品质和能力时正确使用结构。 文化意识 理解中外交友观念的异同,认识到内在品质(如善良、诚信)比外在条件更能维系长久友谊,树立正确的交友观。 学习能力 能利用表格梳理语法知识体系;通过同伴互评和采访活动,提升合作探究与语言实际运用能力。 思维品质 通过观察例句自主归纳语法规则,培养逻辑分析能力;在对比与评价中发展批判性思维,理解友谊的深层内涵。 教学重点 ①形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化与不规则变化;在语境中准确使用比较级和最高级描述人物特征②用 comparative adjectives + than 与 the + superlative adjectives 进行多维度(外貌、能力、品质)综合表达 教学难点 ①重读闭音节双写辅音字母加 -er/-est 的规则;以 -ng 结尾单词加 -er/-est 时的发音变化(/ŋ/ 后加 /g/)②灵活运用语法结构进行多维度的综合表达,并理解其承载的友谊价值观 教学过程 教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 复习导入 Warm-up 四问暖场:Who is your best friend in our class? Can you say one word to describe him/her? Why do you think he/she is your best friend? What does he/she often do for you? 学生答出品质词后教师板书(tall, kind, funny...),为比较级表述做词汇铺垫——比较的前提是「同框」,把同学和课文人物放进同一维度才能比。 口头回答四问,说出描述同学的品质词; 在板书词库中为下一环节的比较级表述做储备。 课文句归纳 Rule discovery Read the sentences below and pay attention to the use of comparative and superlative adjectives. 四句观察:Betty's hair is longer than mine. / Max is more interesting than his classmates.(比较级);Betty is the most helpful person in our class. / Max is the tallest boy in our class.(最高级)。 归纳用法:We use "comparative adjectives + than" to compare two people or things; we use "the + superlative adjectives" to compare three or more people or things. 引导学生自主发现:than 是比较级的标识,the 是最高级的标识。 朗读四句并圈出 longer/more interesting/the most helpful/the tallest; 自主归纳「比较级+than 比两者/the+最高级比三者及以上」的规则; 说出 than 与 the 两种「身份标识」。 双音节 Tip Dual forms Tip: We can add -(e)r/-(e)st or more/most to the following adjectives with two syllables. 双重形式五词:clever—cleverer/more clever—cleverest/most clever;handsome;polite;simple;stupid。补充 far—farther/further—farthest/furthest。 点破:口语里 more polite 更常用,书面两种都收;farther 多指实际距离,further 多指抽象程度(further study)。 朗读五组双重形式; 记忆 far 的 farther/further 细分; 明确「同一篇文章内形式要统一」的书写要求。 表格操练 Table drills Complete the table with the correct comparative and superlative adjectives. 十六对全练:funny—funnier—funniest;close—closer—closest;beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful;kind—kinder—kindest;slim—slimmer—slimmest;difficult—more difficult—most difficult;smart—smarter—smartest;cute—cuter—cutest;pretty—prettier—prettiest;bright—brighter—brightest;interesting—more interesting—most interesting;sad—sadder—saddest;wonderful—more wonderful—most wonderful;heavy—heavier—heaviest;good/well—better—best;bad/ill—worse—worst。 按规则归类讲评:单音节常规(close/kind/smart/bright)→双写类(slim/funny/sad)→去 e 类(cute)→变 y 类(pretty/heavy)→多音节 more/most 类(beautiful/difficult/interesting/wonderful)→不规则(good/bad)。 限时完成十六对变形; 归类自查每对走了哪条规则; 重点纠错:slim 双写 m、cute 去 e、pretty/heavy 变 y 为 ier、funny 变 y 为 ier 不加倍。 Daniel 笔记 Contextual practice Daniel has made some notes about his classmates. Complete his notes below. Looks:1 Peter is shorter than Simon. 2 Simon is the tallest of the six students. 3 Amy is lighter than Sandy. 4 Simon is the heaviest of the six students. Abilities:5 Peter's drawing grade is lower than Millie's. 6 Sandy's drawing grade is the highest of the six students. 7 Among the six students, Millie is the slowest swimmer. 8 Amy is the fastest swimmer of the six students. 9 Simon's test score for the standing long jump is better than Peter's / the best of the six students. 点破九空判型三看:句中有 than→比较级+than;句中有 of the six students / Among...→the+最高级;比较对象用所有格(Millie's=Millie's grade/score)——「范围短语定最高级,than 定比较级」;第 9 题一句两空(better than / the best)是「范围定形式」的活教材。 独立完成九空并核对; 归纳「范围定形式」判断法; 特别分析第 9 题同原级不同形式的对照。 口头输出 Oral output Describe your friends, including their looks and what they are good at, using comparative and superlative adjectives. 学习范文:My best friend is taller but lighter. Her hair is longer than mine. She has the brightest smile I have ever seen. She is more careful, and she makes fewer mistakes in her homework and exams than I do. She is the most creative thinker in my class. She always thinks of the most wonderful ideas. She is also the fastest runner in my class. She is good at drawing too. Her drawing score is higher than mine. 范文拆解:比较级四连(taller but lighter/longer than mine/more careful/fewer mistakes than I do/higher than mine)+最高级四连(the brightest smile/the most creative thinker/the most wonderful ideas/the fastest runner)——两种比较交替,外貌、能力、品质三维全覆盖。 精读范文并拆解比较级与最高级的分布; 按「外貌+能力+品质」三维框架口头描述自己的朋友; 同伴互评:至少各用两个比较级和两个最高级。 规则精讲 Rules How to form comparative and superlative adjectives? 五条构成法:①大多数词后加 er 或 est(long/cheap→longer/cheaper→longest/cheapest);②以字母 e 结尾的词后加 r 或 st(nice/late→nicer/later→nicest/latest);③以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加 er 或 est(big/thin→bigger/thinner→biggest/thinnest);④以辅音字母+y 结尾的词,去掉 y,再加 ier 或 iest(pretty/heavy→prettier/heavier→prettiest/heaviest);⑤部分双音节词和多音节词在前面加 more 或 most(careful/dangerous/interested→more careful...→most careful...)。 口诀:一般加 er/est;e 结尾只加 r/st;重读闭音节双写再加;辅音+y 去 y 变 ier/iest;多音节前加 more/most——先数音节再对号入座。双写三查(重读、闭音节、单个辅音收尾)缺一不可:open 重音在前不双写→opener;clean 词尾元音组合不双写→cleaner。 齐读五条规则与代表词; 记忆口诀并完成规则归类; 用双写三查检验 open/clean 为何不双写。 发音与不规则 Pronunciation & irregulars 发音注意:er 和 est 自成一个音节,读作 /ə(r)/ 和 /ɪst/;原级词末不发音的 r 加后要发 /r/ 音——clear /klɪə(r)/→clearer /ˈklɪərə(r)/→clearest /ˈklɪərɪst/;原级词末发音为 /ŋ/ 时,/ŋ/ 后得加上 /g/ 音——long /lɒŋ/→longer /ˈlɒŋɡə(r)/→longest /ˈlɒŋɡɪst/。 不规则变化四组:good/well→better→best;ill/bad→worse→worst;many/much→more→most;little→less→least。补充:clever—cleverer/more clever;far—farther/further。辨析:few→fewer→fewest 是规则变化,别与 little 的 less/least 混。 跟读 clearer/longer 体会 /r/ 与 /ŋg/ 的发音变化; 记忆不规则四组并成对背诵(better/worse、more/less、best/worst、most/least); 辨析 fewest 与 least 的使用差异。 词汇归纳 Vocabulary 学习 pretty(adj. 漂亮的,俊俏的;adv. 相当,颇):a pretty girl/face/pretty good/well 相当好/look pretty——Lucy is prettier than her sister, but Lily is the prettiest in our class. 露西比她姐姐漂亮,但莉莉是我们班最漂亮的。 学习 bright(adj. 明亮的;聪明的;鲜艳的):a bright student 聪明的学生/bright sunshine 明媚的阳光/bright colours 鲜艳的颜色——Tom is brighter than Jack at maths; he is the brightest boy in Grade 8. 汤姆数学比杰克聪明;他是八年级最聪明的男孩。 学习 smart(adj. 聪明的;整洁漂亮的;智能的):a smart answer 巧妙的回答/look smart/smart phone 智能手机——My best friend is smarter than me, and she always gives the smartest advice. 我最好的朋友比我聪明,她总能给出最明智的建议。 学习 height(n. 身高;高度;高处):the height of.../be of medium height 中等身高/What is your height? = How tall are you?——The height of the new classmate is 1.75 m; he is taller than most boys. 新同学身高 1.75 米;他比大多数男生都高。 学习 weight(n. 体重;重量;重担 v. 使负重):lose/gain/put on weight 减肥/增重/the weight of.../What is your weight? = How heavy are you?——Her weight is 45 kg, which is lighter than mine; she is the slimmest in our group. 她体重 45 公斤,比我轻;她是我们组最苗条的。 点破:height↔tall、weight↔heavy 名词与形容词互换即成比较句;pretty 双词性 is/looks 后是形容词、good/well 前是副词。 按「外貌测量」场景串记五词:pretty/bright/smart(品质评价)→height/weight(身体数据); 逐词学习搭配与例句; 重点记 What is your height? = How tall are you? 的名词形容词互换。 随堂检测 Testing 完成随堂检测:教师发放随堂检测题,学生限时独立完成后,教师逐题核对讲评。 【一、单项选择】 1. — Who is ______ student in your class? — I think Li Hua is. He always helps others. A. helpful B. more helpful C. most helpful D. the most helpful 2. My brother's handwriting is ______ mine, but my sister's is ______ of the three. A. better than; the best B. good than; best C. better as; the better D. well than; the good 【二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空】 3. She is __________ (thin) than her sister. 4. This book is the __________ (interesting) of the three. 5. Tom runs __________ (fast) than Jack. 6. Today's weather is __________ (bad) than yesterday's. 7. He made the __________ (few) mistakes in class. 限时独立完成随堂检测,不看笔记、不讨论; 完成后与同桌交换互批,逐题核对答案并订正; 订正后用红笔标注错题涉及的规则(双写 thinner/多音节 most interesting/不规则 worse/fewest),纳入复习清单。 参考答案:一、1. D 2. A 二、3. thinner 4. most interesting 5. faster 6. worse 7. fewest 归纳与作业 Summary & Homework Summary:Grammar——Compare people's looks (外貌), abilities (能力) and qualities (品质)。Friendship——True friendship is not about who is the most beautiful or the strongest. Inner qualities (内在品质) like being helpful, kind and honest are more important than looks.(真正的友谊不在于谁最漂亮或最强壮,像乐于助人、善良和诚实这样的内在品质比外表更重要。) Homework:Review——Review the rules of forming comparative and superlative adjectives, including regular and irregular forms. 复习比较级和最高级的构成规则,包括规则变化与不规则变化。Preview——Preview the next lesson. 预习下一课。 对照口诀自查五条规则掌握情况; 体会价值观句的语法内涵(the most beautiful 与 more important than 同框); 记录两项作业:复习规则;预习下一课。 作业设计(分层) 【基础·必做】抄写并记忆不规则变化四组(better/best/worse/worst/more/most/less/least)与五条构成法口诀,朗读发音注意例词(clearer/longer)。 【提升·选做】Review the rules of forming comparative and superlative adjectives, including regular and irregular forms. 复习规则后,用比较级和最高级各造三句描述班上两位同学(外貌、能力、品质各一维)。 【拓展·挑战】以 My Best Friend vs Me 为题写一段 70 词左右的对比短文:至少用四处比较级、两处最高级,结尾用 Inner qualities are more important than looks. 点题。 板书设计 Unit 1 Friendship — Grammar 比较级与最高级 用法:比较级 + than(两者)|the + 最高级(三者及以上) 五条构成:+er/est|e 结尾 +r/st|重读闭音节双写|辅音+y 变 ier/iest|多音节 more/most 不规则:good-better-best|bad-worse-worst|many-more-most|little-less-least 发音:/ŋ/+g(long→longer)|价值观:Inner qualities are more important than looks. 教学评价与反思 1. 目标—评价对应(教-学-评一体化): 素养目标 课堂评价任务与证据 语言能力:比较级最高级结构与词汇 课文四句归纳;十六对变形;九空笔记;随堂检测七题 文化意识:内在品质重于外表 Summary 价值观句讨论;对比与评价中的批判性思维 学习能力:表格梳理语法体系 十六对按规则归类;五条构成法口诀记忆;双写三查检验 思维品质:自主归纳与多维表达 从例句自主发现规则;口头输出三维框架(外貌/能力/品质);第 9 题范围定形式的逻辑分析 2. 预设反思点: 以四问暖场把品质词板书成库,比较有了词汇基础;课文四句让学生自己圈出 longer/more interesting/the most helpful/the tallest,规则由学生发现而非教师灌输,归纳能力落到位;than 与 the 两种「身份标识」一句话分清用法;双音节双重形式与 far 的 farther/further 细分当堂讲清,并强调同文统一;十六对变形按规则归类讲评,slim 双写、cute 去 e、pretty 变 y、funny 不加倍四个易错点逐个过;九空笔记用「范围定形式」判型法,第 9 题同原级两空对照(better than/the best)是最好的活教材;口头输出按范文拆出比较级四连+最高级四连,三维框架(外貌/能力/品质)让语法有了表达目的;五条构成法配口诀,open/clean 不双写的反例检验「双写三查」;发音难点 /ŋ/ 后加 /g/ 用 longer 反复领读,不规则四组成对背诵,fewest 与 least 辨析防混;词汇五词中 height/weight 与 tall/heavy 的名词形容词互换是本课亮点句型;Summary 价值观句「内在品质比外表更重要」既点题友谊又复现语法,随堂检测七题当堂闭环。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 Grammar 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语译林版八年级上册
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Unit 1 Grammar 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语译林版八年级上册
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Unit 1 Grammar 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语译林版八年级上册
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