专题03 带有特殊疑问词的不定式（期中复习讲义）九年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四学制

专题03 带有特殊疑问词的不定式（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. “疑问词+不定式”结构的构成与基本用法； 2. what/which/who/when/where/how+to do的含义与选择； 3. 疑问词+不定式作动词宾语（know/decide/wonder等）； 4. how to deal with与what to do with的搭配区别； 5. 疑问词+不定式作主语、表语的用法； 6. 疑问词+不定式与宾语从句的相互转换。 复习难点： 1. how to deal with与what to do with的固定搭配区别； 2. what to do后不接宾语、how to do后必须接宾语； 3. 疑问词+不定式作主语时谓语动词用单数； 4. 疑问词+不定式与“疑问词+主语+should+动词”的转换； 5. which与what的区别（有范围用which，无范围用what）； 6. 不定式作后置定语时介词不能省略（live in the room）。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重how/what/which与deal with/do with的搭配选择，以及疑问词辨析。 语境运用：常结合know/decide/wonder等动词考查疑问词+to do结构，以及与宾语从句的相互转换。 写作运用：写作中用于表达“如何做某事”“做什么”等内容，使句子更简洁地道，避免宾语从句冗长。 语法点1：“疑问词+不定式”作宾语 【知识精讲】 “疑问词+to do”结构可以作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。 常见的疑问词：what（什么，作宾语）、who（谁，指人）、which（哪一个，有范围）、when（何时）、where（何地）、how（如何，表方式）。 常接在know, decide, wonder, ask, learn, find out, tell等动词后面。 注意语序：疑问词必须放在to do前面，不能说to do what。 【限时训练】 1．I haven't decided ________ for my mother's birthday yet. A．to buy what B．what to buy C．buy what D．what buying 【答案】B 【解析】“疑问词+不定式”结构作decide的宾语，正确语序是疑问词what放在to buy前面，即what to buy，表示“买什么”。故选B。 2．Can you tell me ________ to the nearest station? A．how to get B．to get how C．what to get D．how get 【答案】A 【解析】how to get to...表示“如何到达……”，how表示方式，后接不定式to get。宾语the nearest station已经在get to后面，用how不用what。故选A。 语法点2：how to deal with 与 what to do with 【知识精讲】 这是高频考点：deal with与how搭配，do with与what搭配。即：how to deal with sth. = what to do with sth.（如何处理某事）。 判断方法：deal是不及物动词，需要用how（副词）来表示方式；do是及物动词，需要what（代词）作do的宾语。 记忆口诀：how deal, what do。 【限时训练】 1．I don't know ________ this problem. Can you help me? A．what to deal with B．how to deal with C．how to do with D．what to do 【答案】B 【解析】deal with与how搭配，表示“如何处理”，how to deal with this problem = what to do with this problem。A项what与deal with搭配错误，C项how与do with搭配错误，D项what to do后面缺介词with不能接宾语。故选B。 2．The students are discussing ________ to ________ the old books. A．what; do with B．how; do with C．what; deal with D．how; be done with 【答案】A 【解析】do with与what搭配，what作do的宾语，即what to do with the old books（如何处理旧书）。如果用deal with则要配how。故选A。 语法点3：疑问词+不定式作主语、表语及从句转换 【知识精讲】 “疑问词+不定式”除了作宾语，还可以作主语（谓语用单数）和表语。 与宾语从句的转换：“疑问词+to do” = “疑问词+主语+can/should+动词原形”。 如：I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do. 注意：转换时从句要用陈述语序。 【限时训练】 1．________ a foreign language well is not an easy job. A．How to learn B．How learning C．What to learn D．What learning 【答案】A 【解析】“疑问词+不定式”作主语，谓语动词用单数is。根据句意“如何学好一门外语不是易事”，表示方式用how，不用what（什么）。B、D结构错误。故选A。 2．The problem is where ________ a volunteer during the summer holiday. A．can we find B．we can find C．to find D．both B and C 【答案】D 【解析】where to find a volunteer = where we can find a volunteer，两者都可以作表语。注意宾语从句要用陈述语序，A项是疑问语序错误。B和C都正确，故选D。 基础固本练（限时：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．I haven’t decided ________ to ask for advice when facing conflicts. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当遇到冲突时，我还没有决定向谁寻求建议。 who谁；what什么；which哪一个；whose谁的。根据“ask for advice”可知是向某人寻求建议，指人用who。故选A。 2．I mark the must-see spots on my map and ask other travelers for tips on ________ to see, do and eat. A．where B．how C．what D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我把必看的景点在地图上标出来，并向其他旅行者询问看什么、做什么和吃什么。 where哪里；how如何；what什么；which哪一个。根据题干动词see, do和eat缺少逻辑宾语，应用what指代事物，充当动词的宾语，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构，表示“看什么、做什么、吃什么”，应填what。 3．The teacher taught us ________ the difficult problem in Maths class yesterday. A．how to deal with B．what to deal with C．how to do with D．what to do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天在数学课上，老师教我们如何处理这道难题。 deal with与how连用，do with与what连用；what to do缺少介词with不能直接接宾语the difficult problem。根据搭配规则，how to deal with符合语法和句意。 4．Which sentence has the same grammar structure as “where to go first”? A．I enjoy hiking in the rainforest. B．It’s exciting to camp in the mountains. C．She doesn’t know what to take. D．Dad calms Lisa down quickly. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：哪个句子与“where to go first（首先去哪里）”有相同的语法结构？ I enjoy hiking in the rainforest我喜欢在雨林里徒步旅行；It’s exciting to camp in the mountains在山里露营真是太刺激了；She doesn’t know what to take她不知道该带些什么；Dad calms Lisa down quickly爸爸很快就让丽莎冷静了下来。题干中“where to go first”是“疑问词 where+ 不定式 to go”结构。C 项“what to take”是“疑问词 what+ 不定式 to take”结构，作know的宾语；所以C项结构与题干一致。 5．—I don’t know what to ________ the old books. —Why not give them away to the poor children? A．hand out B．deal with C．do with D．take up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道该怎样处理这些旧书。 ——为什么不把它们捐赠给贫困孩子？ hand out分发；deal with处理；应对；do with处理；应对；take up开始从事；占据（空间/时间）。疑问词what搭配do with；deal with需要和疑问词how搭配，本句使用what，因此空格填写do with。 6．—Should I buy this coat or that one? —I haven’t thought about ________ to take. A．if B．why C．which D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我应该买这件外套还是那件？ ——我还没考虑好要买哪一件。 if如果；why为什么；which哪一个；what什么。前文给出两个选择：this coat/that one，有明确范围，用which。 7．Many successful people know how ________ every small chance around them. A．take advantage of B．to take advantage of C．taking advantage of D．took advantage of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多成功人士知道如何利用身边每一个微小的机会。 “疑问词+to do”结构作know的宾语，how to take advantage of表示“如何利用”，take advantage of是固定短语，意为“利用”。 8．—Because of the disease, international trade drops a lot. —Yes. These days our managers are discussing ________ new markets in the Far East to improve the situation. A．what to open up B．how to open up C．what to put up D．how to put up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——因为这场疾病，国际贸易大幅下滑。——是的。这些天我们的经理正在讨论如何在远东开拓新市场来改善现状。 open up开拓、打开、开放；put up张贴；what什么；how怎样。短语open up new markets意为“开拓新市场”；句子已有宾语“new markets”，此处表达“讨论如何开拓远东新市场”，用how表达方式，“how to open up new markets”意为“如何开拓新市场”，符合贸易市场的语境。 9．—What do you think of the book The Richest Man in Babylon? —It’s great. It teaches us how to ________ money wisely. A．use B．make C．save D．all of the above 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—— 你觉得《巴比伦最富有的人》这本书怎么样？—— 很棒。它教会我们如何明智地使用、赚取或储蓄钱。 use使用；make赚取；save储蓄；all of above 以上所有。根据常识，该书是理财经典，涵盖了赚钱make money、省钱save money和明智用钱use money的内容，故选D。 10．Let’s discuss ________ for the school trip. A．where to go B．to go where C．where go D．to where go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：让我们讨论学校旅行要去哪里。 where to go去哪里；to go where语序错误；where go结构错误；to where go语序与结构错误。“疑问词+不定式”是固定结构，疑问词要放在不定式前面，应填where to go。 11．Youth workers always know ________ the teenage problems, and their advice is well worth ________. A．how to deal with; listening to B．what to deal with; taking C．what to do with; listening D．how to do with; taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：青年工作者总是知道如何处理青少年问题，他们的建议非常值得倾听。 deal with常与how连用，do with常与what连用，因此排除 B、D 选项；be worth doing意为“值得做某事”，listen是不及物动词，接宾语advice时需加介词to，故此处应用listening to。 12．— Beijing is considered ________ a great place. I will visit it next week. — Have you considered how ________ there? A．as; going B．to be; going C．for; to go D．as; to go 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—— 北京被认为是一个很棒的地方。我下周要去参观它。—— 你考虑过怎么去那里吗？ as作为；to be成为；for为了；going去（动名词）；to go去（动词不定式）。“be considered as”是固定搭配，意为 “被认为是……”；“consider”后接“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，即“how to go”，意为 “怎么去”，应填as；to go。 13．We have two rooms ________, but I can’t decide ________. A．to live, to choose which one B．lived, choose which one C．live, which one D．to live in, which one to choose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们有两间可供居住的房间，但是我不能决定选择哪一间。 第一空，动词不定式作后置定语修饰rooms，live是不及物动词，与被修饰词存在逻辑上的动宾关系时，介词in 不能省略，故用to live in；第二空，decide后接宾语，采用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，即which one to choose。 14．There is ________ homework for her and she doesn’t know ________ it. A．too many; what to do with B．too much; how to deal with C．much too; how to do with D．too much; what to deal with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她的作业太多了，她不知道该怎么处理这些作业。 考查副词短语和动词不定式结构。选项A中“too many”表示“太多”修饰可数名词复数，“what to do with”表示“如何处理”；选项B中“too much”表示“太多”修饰不可数名词，“how to deal with”表示“如何处理”；选项C中“much too”表示“太”修饰形容词/副词，“how to do with”为错误搭配；选项D中“what to deal with”也为错误搭配。题干中“homework”为不可数名词，所以应用“too much”来修饰。故选B。 15．I am not very sure ________ the problem right now. A．how to deal with B．what to deal with C．how to do with D．what to do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我现在不太确定如何处理这个问题。 考查动词短语辨析。how to deal with怎样处理；what to deal with搭配不当；how to do with搭配错误；what to do做什么。deal with“处理”，常与“how”连用，表示方式；do with“处理”，但常与“what”连用。故选A。 16．Can you tell me when the band starts ________ this evening and how ________ a table. A．to solve; get B．solving; to getting C．solving, to get D．to solve; getting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能告诉我今晚乐队什么时候开始演出以及如何订桌吗？ 考查非谓语动词。“start doing sth.”和“start to do sth.”都可表示“开始做某事”；“疑问词+不定式” 结构（如 how to do）可作宾语。故选C。 17．—Such beautiful flowers! I can’t decide ________ for my mom. —For Mother’s Day, it can’t be better to take some carnations (康乃馨). A．when to choose B．where to choose C．how to choose D．what to choose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这些花太美了！我决定不了为妈妈选择什么（种类的花）了。——对母亲节来说，买一些康乃馨再好不过了。 考查疑问词辨析。when什么时候，对时间提问；where哪里，对地点提问；how如何，对方式提问；what什么，对事物提问。根据“For Mother’s Day, it can’t be better to take some carnations.”可知，答语中的“康乃馨”属于事物，应该用what。故选D。 18．Would you please tell me ________ to do with all the books? A．how B．why C．what D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能告诉我如何处理所有这些书吗？ 考查疑问词辨析。how怎样；why为什么；what什么；which哪一个。题干中“do with”为固定短语，意为“处理”，常与what连用，构成what to do with结构，表示“如何处理”。故选C。 19．—Could you show me ________ an email, please? —Sure. You can do it like this. A．how to send B．when to send C．where to make D．which to make 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——请问你能向我展示如何发送一封电子邮件吗？——当然可以。你可以像这样做。 how to send怎样发送；when to send什么时候发送；where to make在哪里制作；which to make制作哪一个。答句“You can do it like this.”表示介绍操作的方法，说明问句询问的是做事的方式。“send an email”是固定搭配，意为发送电子邮件，不能用make。how表示方式；when表示时间；where表示地点；which表示哪一个。结合答句是告知操作方法，应填how to send。 20．—________ your teacher for professional advice when you are unsure ________ these complex academic problems? —That’s exactly the first step I plan to take. A．Why not ask; what to do with B．What about asking; how to do with C．Would you please ask; what to deal with D．Why don’t you asking; how to deal with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——当你不确定如何处理这些复杂的学术问题时，为什么不向你的老师寻求专业建议呢？——这正是我计划采取的第一步。 第一空为提建议的表达，Why not do sth.=Why don’t you do sth. “为什么不做某事？”，表委婉建议）；What about doing sth.“做……怎么样”；Would you please do sth.“请问你可以……吗？”，请求对方做某事；据此，可以排除选项D，asking形式错误。第二空考查“处理”的搭配，what与do with连用，how与deal with连用，排除 B、C 项。 二、完成句子 21．但到最后一题时，他们不知道怎么回答它。 But when it came to the last one, they didn’t know ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 how to answer it 【详解】原句中“如何回答它”是关键，how to do sth“如何做某事”是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，“怎么”英文表达为how，不定式to后接动词原形。“回答”英文为answer，“它”是it，故填how；to；answer；it。 22．许多九年级学生承受巨大压力，不知道怎样平衡爱好和学业。 Many Grade Nine students are ________ ________ ________ and don’t know how ________ ________ hobbies and schoolwork. 【答案】 under great stress to balance 【详解】原句中“承受巨大压力”和“平衡”是关键词。“承受巨大压力”对应的短语是be under great stress，great修饰stress表示程度，所以填under great stress；“平衡”对应的单词是balance，how to do为“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，所以填to balance。 23．很多青少年承受着巨大的压力，不知道该怎么办。 Lots of teenagers are ________ ________ stress and don’t know ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 under great what to do 【详解】原句中“承受着巨大的压力”是关键信息，表示“承受压力”的固定短语是be under great stress，因此前两个空填under；great；“不知道该怎么办”是关键信息，此处考查“疑问词+不定式”结构，表示“做什么”，因此后三个空填what；to；do。 24．我总是事后后悔，但我又不知如何才能减少用手机的时间。 I always ______________ it later, but I just don’t know ______________ time on the phone. 【答案】 regret how to cut back on 【详解】原句中“后悔”和“如何减少”为关键词，第一空：“后悔”对应的英语为regret，频度副词always表示一般现在时，主语I，动词用原形，故填regret；第二空：“如何减少”对应英语短语结构为“疑问词+动词不定式”，how to do作know的宾语；cut back为动词短语，意为“减少”，how to cut back on sth表示“如何减少”，故填how to cut back on。 25．宣传册要介绍当地可观赏、体验的项目。 The brochure should ________ ________ to see and ________ to do there. 【答案】 introduce what what 【详解】原句中“介绍”和“可观赏、可体验的项目”是关键词，“介绍”可用动词“introduce”来表示，should后接动词原形；“可观赏的项目”此处可用“what to see”来表示，“可体验的项目”此处可用“what to do”来表示，均作introduce的宾语。故填introduce；what；what。 26．他们不确定如何与父母进行坦诚对话，也不清楚该向谁寻求建议。 They are not sure _______________________________, and they do not know _____________________________. 【答案】 how to have honest conversations with their parents who to ask for advice 【详解】原句中“如何与父母进行坦诚对话”是关键词，表示“如何做某事”用“how to do sth”，“进行坦诚对话”译为“have honest conversations”，“与他们的父母”是“with their parents”；原句中“该向谁寻求建议”是关键词，表示“向谁寻求建议”用“who to ask for advice”，“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中作宾语。应填how to have honest conversations with their parents；who to ask for advice。        27．你可以把错误视为学习的机会，因为它们教我们如何改善。 You can ________ ________ ________ chances for learning, as they teach us ________ ________ improve. 【答案】 see mistakes as how to 【详解】原句中“把错误视为、如何改善”是关键词，固定搭配see…as…表示“把……视为……”；情态动词can后接动词原形；mistakes表示“错误”；“疑问词+to do”结构how to improve表示“如何改善”。因此填see；mistakes；as；how；to。 28．很多青少年承受巨大压力，他们不知道如何平衡学习与爱好。 Lots of teenagers are ________ great ________ and they don’t know ________ ________ balance schoolwork and hobbies. 【答案】 under stress how to 【详解】原句中“承受压力”以及“如何”是关键词，表示“承受压力”的短语是under stress，under great stress意为“承受巨大压力”，“如何”对应疑问词how，“疑问词+to do”是常用结构，作动词know的宾语，表达“如何去做某事”。故填under；stress；how；to。 29．learn, Chinese, easy, paper-cutting, is, it, how, to, make, to (?) (连词成句) ___________________________________________________. 【答案】Is it easy to learn how to make Chinese paper-cutting? 【详解】根据所给词汇和标点符号可知，本句是“It is+形容词+to do sth.”句型的一般疑问句；句首用Is，首字母要大写，后接形式主语it；形容词是easy，作表语；不定式短语“to learn how to make Chinese paper-cutting”作真正主语，其中“how to make Chinese paper-cutting”是“疑问词+不定式”结构作动词learn的宾语。 30．旅途总有未知惊喜。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ on your trip. 【答案】 You never know what to expect 【详解】原句中“总有未知惊喜”表示“永远不知道会发生什么”，是关键词，表示“不知道会发生什么”的句型是never know what to expect。主语you，一般现在时中know用原形。故填You；never；know；what；to；expect。 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、语法选择 Passage 1 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。 It was early afternoon when I got to the start of the hiking path. I had a pair of gloves, and a backpack with snacks and water in it. I also had a camera for 1 pictures during the hike. The 2 part of the path was hard to climb. The steps went up and up. I thought they would never end. I kept on walking and walking, and in the end, I got to the top and took 3 rest for a while. On the next part of the path, I had to be 4 . Tree roots (根) and stones were everywhere. If I put my foot in a wrong place, I would fall. When I 5 got to the highest point on the path, I was disappointed. The fog was so thick! I couldn’t see anything. Then I got lucky. When I ate 6 snacks, the fog went away and the sun 7 . In the distance (远方), I saw a sea of green 8 . It was a beautiful sight. On my return, it started to get dark, 9 I wasn’t worried. I remembered bringing a flashlight (手电筒). I’ll bring it on my next hike, too. In fact, there are hundreds 10 hiking paths near my city, and I want to try them all. 1．A．taking B．to take C．took 2．A．one B．first C．firstly 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．care B．careful C．carefully 5．A．final B．finals C．finally 6．A．I B．my C．me 7．A．appeared B．appears C．will appear 8．A．mountain B．mountains C．mountain’s 9．A．so B．or C．but 10．A．of B．from C．in 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一次徒步远足的经历，描述了攀登陡峭路段、穿过树根石块的险路、登顶后遇到大雾又见到美景，以及返程时使用手电筒的过程。 1．句意：我还带了一台相机，用来在徒步途中拍照。 “a camera for taking pictures”中，for是介词，后接动名词，表示“用来拍照”，应用taking。to take是不定式，虽也可表目的，但此处已有介词for，不能再接不定式；took是过去式，均不符合。 2．句意：小路的第一部分很难爬。 修饰名词part，表示“第一部分”，应用序数词first。one是基数词，firstly是副词，均不能直接修饰名词。 3．句意：我一直走啊走，最后终于到了山顶，休息了一会儿。 “take a rest”是固定搭配，意为“休息一下”，应用a。an用于元音音素前，the表示特指，均不符合。 4．句意：在小路的下一段，我必须小心。 “be careful”是固定搭配，意为“小心”，形容词作表语，应用careful。care是动词或名词，carefully是副词，均不能作be的表语。 5．句意：当我最终到达小路的最高点时，我很失望。 修饰动词got应用副词finally，表示“最终”。final是形容词，finals是名词复数，均不能修饰动词。 6．句意：当我吃我的零食时，雾散了，太阳出现了。 修饰名词snacks应用形容词性物主代词my。I是主格，me是宾格，均不能作定语。 7．句意：当我吃我的零食时，雾散了，太阳出现了。 描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时appeared。appears是一般现在时，will appear是一般将来时，均不符合全文过去时的时态。 8．句意：在远处，我看到了一片绿色的山。 “a sea of”后接可数名词复数，表示“一片……”，应用mountains。mountain是单数，mountain’s是所有格，均不符合。 9．句意：返程时天开始变黑，但我并不担心。 前后句为转折关系——天黑了，但不担心，应用but。so表结果，or表选择，均不符合转折逻辑。 10．句意：事实上，在我居住的城市附近有数百条徒步小径，我想把它们全部尝试一遍。 “hundreds of”是固定搭配，意为“数百”，应用of。from意为“从”，in意为“在……里面”，均不能构成此固定短语。 Passage 2 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Last summer holiday, I visited an old small town with my parents. It 1 a long history of more than 800 years. When we walked along the old streets, I saw many old houses 2 still kept their old style. A local guide asked us 3 more about the town’s past. Although some houses were old, they were still well kept. I didn’t know much about local history 4 I came here. I thought old things were boring at first. 5 , everything changed after I listened to the guide’s stories. Many years ago, lots of people lived and worked here. Great wisdom 6 in those old buildings. Since I visited the town, I 7 great interest in our local history. Learning about the past is much 8 than I thought. Sometimes old walls were broken, 9 they carried lots of warm memories. I hope more teenagers can visit such old places. If we learn about our past, we 10 value our present life better. 1．A．have B．has C．had 2．A．which B．what C．who 3．A．know B．knowing C．to know 4．A．until B．because C．if 5．A．Therefore B．However C．Besides 6．A．hide B．hid C．was hidden 7．A．develop B．developed C．have developed 8．A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting 9．A．but B．so C．or 10．A．will B．would C．did 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者去年暑假与父母参观古镇的经历，描述了古镇风貌，以及作者通过这次旅行对历史看法的转变和深刻感悟。 1．句意：它有着800多年的悠久历史。 主语“It”是第三人称单数，虽然叙述过去的事，但“拥有历史”是客观事实，通常用一般现在时，应选用has“有”。 2．句意：当我们走在老街时，我看到许多保留着原有风格的老房子。 先行词“houses”是物，且从句缺主语，应选用which引导。 3．句意：一位当地导游让我们更多地了解小镇的过去。 ask sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，应选用动词不定式to know。 4．句意：直到来到这里，我才对当地历史有所了解。 固定结构not…until…意为“直到……才……”，根据“didn’t know”可知，应选用until“直到”。 5．句意：起初我觉得旧东西很无聊。然而，听了导游的故事后，一切都变了。 前面说一开始我觉得老事物很无聊；后面说听完导游的故事一切都变了。前后句意存在转折关系（boring与changed），应选用However“然而”。 6．句意：伟大的智慧隐藏在这些老建筑中。 主语“wisdom”与hide之间是被动关系，且发生在过去，应选用一般过去时的被动语态was hidden。 7．句意：自从参观了这个小镇，我对当地历史产生了浓厚的兴趣。 “Since”引导的时间状语从句通常与现在完成时连用，应选用have developed。 8．句意：了解过去比我想象的要有趣得多。 句中有“than”表示比较，且“much”修饰比较级，应选用more interesting“更有趣的”。 9．句意：有时旧墙是破的，但它们承载了许多温暖的回忆。 根据“broken”与“warm memories”之间存在转折关系，应选用but“但是”。 10．句意：如果我们了解过去，我们将更好地珍惜现在的生活。 If引导的真实条件句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，应选用will“将”。 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选 项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Passage 3 Madolline, a young woman from Australia, has discovered a way to explore the world without  having to pay for a place to stay. You may ask 1 she manages to do that. 2 answer might surprise you. Madolline offers 3 the pets for the house owners who are away on vacation or business trips; therefore, she is allowed to live in the houses for free. Before travelling to another city, Madolline gets in touch with a pet owner 4 house-sitting service on the internet. When staying in a house, she 5 to feed and hang out with a pet or several pets. “Cats are the most common,” she said. “But some people may keep snakes or birds.  There are even people who have a complete farm, 6 you have to take care of horses, cows and chickens.” In the past eight years, Madolline 7 in over 30 cities in this way. Every day, she spends about an hour doing her pet-caring job. Then she   8 have some time of her own to tour around the city. According to Madolline, travel isn’t as affordable as it used to be. By looking after 9 pets, she is able to travel abroad, enjoy new experiences, and connect with people across different cultures. It is without doubt a 10 way to see the world. 1．A．how B．what C．when 2．A．A B．An C．The 3．A．look after B．looking after C．to look after 4．A．below B．through C．between 5．A．requires B．required C．is required 6．A．so B．but C．/ 7．A．will  travel B．has  travelled C．was travelling 8．A．can B．shall C．should 9．A．other’s B．others C．others’ 10．A．creation B．creative C．creatively 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了澳大利亚女子Madolline通过替外出度假或出差的房主照顾宠物，从而换取免费住宿来环游世界的独特旅行方式及经历。 1．句意：你可能会问她是如何做到那一点的。 根据“she manages to do that”提示，她设法做到那件事，询问的是方式，应用how，符合语境。what什么；when何时，指时间，均不符合语境。 2．句意：这个答案可能会让你惊讶。 根据上文提到的问题，此处特指那个问题的答案，应用定冠词The。A一个，辅音音素开头前；An一个，元音音素开头前；不符语境。 3．句意：Madolline主动提出为房主照顾宠物。 句中“offers…the pets”提示，offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”，后接动词不定式。to look after照顾，不定式，符合语境。look after照顾，原形；looking after照顾，动名词，均不符合语法。 4．句意：Madolline通过网上的看家服务联系宠物主人。 根据“on the internet”可知，是通过网上的渠道，应用through，符合语境。below在……下面，表位置；between在……之间，表关系。均不符合语境。 5．句意：当住在房子里时，她被要求喂养宠物并与之玩耍。 主语she与require之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be required。is required被要求，符合语法。requires要求，主动；required要求，过去式，均为主动形式，不符语法。 6．句意：有些人甚至有一个完整的农场，所以你必须照顾马、牛和鸡。 根据前后句意，有农场是原因，照顾农场动物是结果，表因果关系应用so，符合语境。but但是，项表转折，/会导致句式错误。均不符合语境。 7．句意：在过去的八年里，Madolline已经以这种方式旅行了30多个城市。 根据时间状语“In the past eight years”可知，应用现在完成时，has travelled，旅行，现在完成时结构，符合语境。will travel旅行，表将来；was travelling旅行，表过去进行，不符语境。 8．句意：然后她可以有一些自己的时间在城市里游览。 根据语境，完成工作后她“能够”拥有自己的时间，表能力或可能性应用can“能够”，符合语境。shall将要，表将来；should应该，表建议，均不符语境。 9．句意：通过照顾别人的宠物。 根据语境指代多位宠物主人，应用others的复数所有格形式 others’。other’s别人的，单数；others别人，复数，无所有格功能，均不符合语法。 10．句意：这无疑是一种看世界的创造性方式。 修饰名词“way”，应该用形容词creative。creation创造，名词；creatively创造性地，副词。不符语法。 二、短文填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。 My best holiday experience was two years ago. My family lives in Wuhan, one of the 1 (big) cities in Central China. That summer, I decided 2 (try) something cool: cycling from Wuhan to Beijing with some friends from college. At first, my parents were surprised at my idea, but soon they gave me all their support. 3 their help, I made a cycling plan. I also learnt a lot from other people’s cycling experiences. I packed everything I needed and started 4 trip. The cycling took us almost a month to complete. It was tiring 5 meaningful. My friends and I rode through beautiful mountains and green forests. I met many nice people too, and some of them 6 (warm) gave me a lot of help along the way—once a local person even invited me to have a hot meal at his home. But there were also 7 (difficulty). Sometimes I was so tired 8 I just wanted to give up. However, when I finally arrived at Tian’anmen Square, I was so proud of 9 (I). Since then, I 10 (visit) more beautiful places by cycling around the country. 【答案】 1．biggest 2．to try 3．With 4．the 5．but 6．warmly 7．difficulties 8．that 9．myself 10．have visited 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者两年前和朋友从武汉骑行到北京的难忘假期经历，一路上既有温暖的帮助，也遇到不少困难，这次经历让作者爱上骑行游历祖国各地。 1．句意：我的家在武汉，中国中部最大的城市之一。固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，big的最高级是biggest。 2．句意：那年夏天，我决定尝试一件很酷的事：和大学的一些朋友从武汉骑行到北京。固定搭配decide to do sth.，意为“决定做某事”，所以用to try。 3．句意：在他们的帮助下，我制定了一份骑行计划。固定短语with one’s help，表示“在某人的帮助下”，句首首字母大写。 4．句意：我打包好了所有需要的东西，开启了这次旅行。此处特指上文提到的武汉到北京这场骑行旅行，用定冠词the。 5．句意：这段旅途很累但是很有意义。tiring（累的）和meaningful（有意义的）是转折关系，用连词but。 6．句意：我也遇到很多友善的人，他们中的一些人在路上热心地给了我很多帮助。此处修饰动词gave，要用副词，warm的副词形式是warmly。 7．句意：但是一路上也有很多困难。there were后面接可数名词复数，difficulty的复数形式是difficulties。 8．句意：有时候我如此疲惫，以至于想要放弃。固定句型so...that...，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 9．句意：然而，当我最终到达天安门广场时，我为自己感到无比自豪。主语是I，表达“为自己自豪”，要用反身代词myself。 10．句意：从那以后，我已经通过骑行游览了国内更多美丽的地方。since then（自从那时起）是现在完成时的标志词，主语I，助动词用have，visit变为have visited。 Passage 2 阅读短文，填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺，连贯。 When is the time we look forward to exploring the unknown and trying new things, instead of staying in our comfort zone (舒适区) all day long? Perhaps you’ve guessed the answer. It’s 1 (young). For every teenager, this is 2 exciting period full of dreams and energy. Last summer, our group 3 (plan) a meaningful trip to a small village. Even though we didn’t go abroad, the experience taught us 4 (much) than any overseas journey might have. Some of us worked as volunteer teachers, helping local kids 5 their English and maths. We also organized a small art show which encouraged the children 6 (express) their creativity. We discovered that even simple drawings could carry big dreams. The real fun, however, lay in the outdoor 7 (activity) we shared. One morning, we climbed a nearby hill. A quiet but smart boy noticed a baby eagle on a branch. It looked weak, and 8 (it) wings were still too small for flight. At first, some of us felt a little scared 9 we knew that adult eagles had sharp claws (爪子) and great strength. But we didn’t run away. After keeping a safe distance, we watched it carefully until it was taken back by its mother 10 (safe). As the sun set, we walked back to the village, talking and laughing wildly. That trip made us realise that being young means being brave, kind, and willing to try. It also showed us that the world is full of beauty and that we should treasure every moment of our youth. 【答案】 1．youth 2．an 3．planned 4．more 5．with 6．to express 7．activities 8．its 9．because 10．safely 【导语】本文讲述了青春是探索未知、尝试新事物的美好时光。去年夏天，作者一行人去一个小村庄进行了一次有意义的旅行，通过支教、组织艺术展和户外活动，他们体会到青春意味着勇敢、善良和乐于尝试，也明白了世界充满美好，应珍惜青春的每一刻。 1．句意：青春是探索未知、尝试新事物，而不是整天待在舒适区里的时光。此处作表语，表示“青春”，应用名词youth。 2．句意：对每个青少年来说，这是一个充满梦想和活力的令人兴奋的时期。此处泛指“一个令人兴奋的时期”，且exciting以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 3．句意：去年夏天，我们团队策划了一次去一个小村庄的有意义的旅行。根据“Last summer”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以这里用plan的过去式planned。 4．句意：尽管我们没有出国，但这次经历教给我们的比任何海外旅行可能教给我们的都多。根据“than”可知，此处表示比较，应用much的比较级more。 5．句意：我们中有些人做志愿教师，帮助当地孩子学习英语和数学。help sb. with sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，此处指帮助孩子们学习英语和数学，应用介词with。 6．句意：我们还组织了一场小型艺术展，鼓励孩子们表达他们的创造力。encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to express。 7．句意：然而，真正的乐趣在于我们共同参与的户外活动。此处表示“户外活动”，activity为可数名词，结合语境应用复数形式activities。 8．句意：它看起来很虚弱，它的翅膀还太小，无法飞行。此处修饰名词wings，应用形容词性物主代词its。 9．句意：起初，我们中有些人感到有点害怕，因为我们知道成年鹰有锋利的爪子和巨大的力量。此处表示原因，应用连词because引导原因状语从句。 10．句意：在保持安全距离后，我们仔细地观察它，直到它被它的母亲安全地带回去。此处修饰动词taken back，应用副词safely。 2 / 17 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 带有特殊疑问词的不定式（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. “疑问词+不定式”结构的构成与基本用法； 2. what/which/who/when/where/how+to do的含义与选择； 3. 疑问词+不定式作动词宾语（know/decide/wonder等）； 4. how to deal with与what to do with的搭配区别； 5. 疑问词+不定式作主语、表语的用法； 6. 疑问词+不定式与宾语从句的相互转换。 复习难点： 1. how to deal with与what to do with的固定搭配区别； 2. what to do后不接宾语、how to do后必须接宾语； 3. 疑问词+不定式作主语时谓语动词用单数； 4. 疑问词+不定式与“疑问词+主语+should+动词”的转换； 5. which与what的区别（有范围用which，无范围用what）； 6. 不定式作后置定语时介词不能省略（live in the room）。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重how/what/which与deal with/do with的搭配选择，以及疑问词辨析。 语境运用：常结合know/decide/wonder等动词考查疑问词+to do结构，以及与宾语从句的相互转换。 写作运用：写作中用于表达“如何做某事”“做什么”等内容，使句子更简洁地道，避免宾语从句冗长。 语法点1：“疑问词+不定式”作宾语 【知识精讲】 “疑问词+to do”结构可以作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。 常见的疑问词：what（什么，作宾语）、who（谁，指人）、which（哪一个，有范围）、when（何时）、where（何地）、how（如何，表方式）。 常接在know, decide, wonder, ask, learn, find out, tell等动词后面。 注意语序：疑问词必须放在to do前面，不能说to do what。 【限时训练】 1．I haven't decided ________ for my mother's birthday yet. A．to buy what B．what to buy C．buy what D．what buying 2．Can you tell me ________ to the nearest station? A．how to get B．to get how C．what to get D．how get 语法点2：how to deal with 与 what to do with 【知识精讲】 这是高频考点：deal with与how搭配，do with与what搭配。即：how to deal with sth. = what to do with sth.（如何处理某事）。 判断方法：deal是不及物动词，需要用how（副词）来表示方式；do是及物动词，需要what（代词）作do的宾语。 记忆口诀：how deal, what do。 【限时训练】 1．I don't know ________ this problem. Can you help me? A．what to deal with B．how to deal with C．how to do with D．what to do 2．The students are discussing ________ to ________ the old books. A．what; do with B．how; do with C．what; deal with D．how; be done with 语法点3：疑问词+不定式作主语、表语及从句转换 【知识精讲】 “疑问词+不定式”除了作宾语，还可以作主语（谓语用单数）和表语。 与宾语从句的转换：“疑问词+to do” = “疑问词+主语+can/should+动词原形”。 如：I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do. 注意：转换时从句要用陈述语序。 【限时训练】 1．________ a foreign language well is not an easy job. A．How to learn B．How learning C．What to learn D．What learning 2．The problem is where ________ a volunteer during the summer holiday. A．can we find B．we can find C．to find D．both B and C 基础固本练（限时：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．I haven’t decided ________ to ask for advice when facing conflicts. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 2．I mark the must-see spots on my map and ask other travelers for tips on ________ to see, do and eat. A．where B．how C．what D．which 3．The teacher taught us ________ the difficult problem in Maths class yesterday. A．how to deal with B．what to deal with C．how to do with D．what to do 4．Which sentence has the same grammar structure as “where to go first”? A．I enjoy hiking in the rainforest. B．It’s exciting to camp in the mountains. C．She doesn’t know what to take. D．Dad calms Lisa down quickly. 5．—I don’t know what to ________ the old books. —Why not give them away to the poor children? A．hand out B．deal with C．do with D．take up 6．—Should I buy this coat or that one? —I haven’t thought about ________ to take. A．if B．why C．which D．what 7．Many successful people know how ________ every small chance around them. A．take advantage of B．to take advantage of C．taking advantage of D．took advantage of 8．—Because of the disease, international trade drops a lot. —Yes. These days our managers are discussing ________ new markets in the Far East to improve the situation. A．what to open up B．how to open up C．what to put up D．how to put up 9．—What do you think of the book The Richest Man in Babylon? —It’s great. It teaches us how to ________ money wisely. A．use B．make C．save D．all of the above 10．Let’s discuss ________ for the school trip. A．where to go B．to go where C．where go D．to where go 11．Youth workers always know ________ the teenage problems, and their advice is well worth ________. A．how to deal with; listening to B．what to deal with; taking C．what to do with; listening D．how to do with; taking 12．— Beijing is considered ________ a great place. I will visit it next week. — Have you considered how ________ there? A．as; going B．to be; going C．for; to go D．as; to go 13．We have two rooms ________, but I can’t decide ________. A．to live, to choose which one B．lived, choose which one C．live, which one D．to live in, which one to choose 14．There is ________ homework for her and she doesn’t know ________ it. A．too many; what to do with B．too much; how to deal with C．much too; how to do with D．too much; what to deal with 15．I am not very sure ________ the problem right now. A．how to deal with B．what to deal with C．how to do with D．what to do 16．Can you tell me when the band starts ________ this evening and how ________ a table. A．to solve; get B．solving; to getting C．solving, to get D．to solve; getting 17．—Such beautiful flowers! I can’t decide ________ for my mom. —For Mother’s Day, it can’t be better to take some carnations (康乃馨). A．when to choose B．where to choose C．how to choose D．what to choose 18．Would you please tell me ________ to do with all the books? A．how B．why C．what D．which 19．—Could you show me ________ an email, please? —Sure. You can do it like this. A．how to send B．when to send C．where to make D．which to make 20．—________ your teacher for professional advice when you are unsure ________ these complex academic problems? —That’s exactly the first step I plan to take. A．Why not ask; what to do with B．What about asking; how to do with C．Would you please ask; what to deal with D．Why don’t you asking; how to deal with 二、完成句子 21．但到最后一题时，他们不知道怎么回答它。 But when it came to the last one, they didn’t know ________ ________ ________ ________. 22．许多九年级学生承受巨大压力，不知道怎样平衡爱好和学业。 Many Grade Nine students are ________ ________ ________ and don’t know how ________ ________ hobbies and schoolwork. 23．很多青少年承受着巨大的压力，不知道该怎么办。 Lots of teenagers are ________ ________ stress and don’t know ________ ________ ________. 24．我总是事后后悔，但我又不知如何才能减少用手机的时间。 I always ______________ it later, but I just don’t know ______________ time on the phone. 25．宣传册要介绍当地可观赏、体验的项目。 The brochure should ________ ________ to see and ________ to do there. 26．他们不确定如何与父母进行坦诚对话，也不清楚该向谁寻求建议。 They are not sure _______________________________, and they do not know _____________________________. 27．你可以把错误视为学习的机会，因为它们教我们如何改善。 You can ________ ________ ________ chances for learning, as they teach us ________ ________ improve. 28．很多青少年承受巨大压力，他们不知道如何平衡学习与爱好。 Lots of teenagers are ________ great ________ and they don’t know ________ ________ balance schoolwork and hobbies. 29．learn, Chinese, easy, paper-cutting, is, it, how, to, make, to (?) (连词成句) ___________________________________________________. 30．旅途总有未知惊喜。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ on your trip. 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、语法选择 Passage 1 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。 It was early afternoon when I got to the start of the hiking path. I had a pair of gloves, and a backpack with snacks and water in it. I also had a camera for 1 pictures during the hike. The 2 part of the path was hard to climb. The steps went up and up. I thought they would never end. I kept on walking and walking, and in the end, I got to the top and took 3 rest for a while. On the next part of the path, I had to be 4 . Tree roots (根) and stones were everywhere. If I put my foot in a wrong place, I would fall. When I 5 got to the highest point on the path, I was disappointed. The fog was so thick! I couldn’t see anything. Then I got lucky. When I ate 6 snacks, the fog went away and the sun 7 . In the distance (远方), I saw a sea of green 8 . It was a beautiful sight. On my return, it started to get dark, 9 I wasn’t worried. I remembered bringing a flashlight (手电筒). I’ll bring it on my next hike, too. In fact, there are hundreds 10 hiking paths near my city, and I want to try them all. 1．A．taking B．to take C．took 2．A．one B．first C．firstly 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．care B．careful C．carefully 5．A．final B．finals C．finally 6．A．I B．my C．me 7．A．appeared B．appears C．will appear 8．A．mountain B．mountains C．mountain’s 9．A．so B．or C．but 10．A．of B．from C．in Passage 2 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Last summer holiday, I visited an old small town with my parents. It 1 a long history of more than 800 years. When we walked along the old streets, I saw many old houses 2 still kept their old style. A local guide asked us 3 more about the town’s past. Although some houses were old, they were still well kept. I didn’t know much about local history 4 I came here. I thought old things were boring at first. 5 , everything changed after I listened to the guide’s stories. Many years ago, lots of people lived and worked here. Great wisdom 6 in those old buildings. Since I visited the town, I 7 great interest in our local history. Learning about the past is much 8 than I thought. Sometimes old walls were broken, 9 they carried lots of warm memories. I hope more teenagers can visit such old places. If we learn about our past, we 10 value our present life better. 1．A．have B．has C．had 2．A．which B．what C．who 3．A．know B．knowing C．to know 4．A．until B．because C．if 5．A．Therefore B．However C．Besides 6．A．hide B．hid C．was hidden 7．A．develop B．developed C．have developed 8．A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting 9．A．but B．so C．or 10．A．will B．would C．did Passage 3 Madolline, a young woman from Australia, has discovered a way to explore the world without  having to pay for a place to stay. You may ask 1 she manages to do that. 2 answer might surprise you. Madolline offers 3 the pets for the house owners who are away on vacation or business trips; therefore, she is allowed to live in the houses for free. Before travelling to another city, Madolline gets in touch with a pet owner 4 house-sitting service on the internet. When staying in a house, she 5 to feed and hang out with a pet or several pets. “Cats are the most common,” she said. “But some people may keep snakes or birds.  There are even people who have a complete farm, 6 you have to take care of horses, cows and chickens.” In the past eight years, Madolline 7 in over 30 cities in this way. Every day, she spends about an hour doing her pet-caring job. Then she   8 have some time of her own to tour around the city. According to Madolline, travel isn’t as affordable as it used to be. By looking after 9 pets, she is able to travel abroad, enjoy new experiences, and connect with people across different cultures. It is without doubt a 10 way to see the world. 1．A．how B．what C．when 2．A．A B．An C．The 3．A．look after B．looking after C．to look after 4．A．below B．through C．between 5．A．requires B．required C．is required 6．A．so B．but C．/ 7．A．will  travel B．has  travelled C．was travelling 8．A．can B．shall C．should 9．A．other’s B．others C．others’ 10．A．creation B．creative C．creatively 二、短文填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。 My best holiday experience was two years ago. My family lives in Wuhan, one of the 1 (big) cities in Central China. That summer, I decided 2 (try) something cool: cycling from Wuhan to Beijing with some friends from college. At first, my parents were surprised at my idea, but soon they gave me all their support. 3 their help, I made a cycling plan. I also learnt a lot from other people’s cycling experiences. I packed everything I needed and started 4 trip. The cycling took us almost a month to complete. It was tiring 5 meaningful. My friends and I rode through beautiful mountains and green forests. I met many nice people too, and some of them 6 (warm) gave me a lot of help along the way—once a local person even invited me to have a hot meal at his home. But there were also 7 (difficulty). Sometimes I was so tired 8 I just wanted to give up. However, when I finally arrived at Tian’anmen Square, I was so proud of 9 (I). Since then, I 10 (visit) more beautiful places by cycling around the country. Passage 2 阅读短文，填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺，连贯。 When is the time we look forward to exploring the unknown and trying new things, instead of staying in our comfort zone (舒适区) all day long? Perhaps you’ve guessed the answer. It’s 1 (young). For every teenager, this is 2 exciting period full of dreams and energy. Last summer, our group 3 (plan) a meaningful trip to a small village. Even though we didn’t go abroad, the experience taught us 4 (much) than any overseas journey might have. Some of us worked as volunteer teachers, helping local kids 5 their English and maths. We also organized a small art show which encouraged the children 6 (express) their creativity. We discovered that even simple drawings could carry big dreams. The real fun, however, lay in the outdoor 7 (activity) we shared. One morning, we climbed a nearby hill. A quiet but smart boy noticed a baby eagle on a branch. It looked weak, and 8 (it) wings were still too small for flight. At first, some of us felt a little scared 9 we knew that adult eagles had sharp claws (爪子) and great strength. But we didn’t run away. After keeping a safe distance, we watched it carefully until it was taken back by its mother 10 (safe). As the sun set, we walked back to the village, talking and laughing wildly. That trip made us realise that being young means being brave, kind, and willing to try. It also showed us that the world is full of beauty and that we should treasure every moment of our youth. 2 / 17 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $