专题03 可数与不可数名词（期中复习讲义）六年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四学制

专题03 可数与不可数名词（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 可数名词变复数的规则变化（五种基本规则）； 2. 可数名词变复数的不规则变化及单复同形名词； 3. 复合名词的复数形式（man/woman构成的双变化规则）； 4. 不可数名词的识别及数量表达（量词结构）； 5. 既可数又不可数的名词辨析（experience, work, room, paper等）； 6. many/much/few/little/a few/a little的用法区别。 复习难点： 1. 以o结尾名词的复数判断（有生命加-es vs 无生命加-s）； 2. 以f/fe结尾名词的复数变化规则（变v加-es）； 3. 单复同形名词的识别（sheep, deer, fish, Chinese等）； 4. man/woman构成的复合名词复数双变化规则； 5. 既可数又不可数名词的词义辨析（experience经验/经历等）； 6. 名词所有格的构成（复数所有格、时间所有格）。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重名词复数不规则变化、量词结构（a piece of/a bottle of）的拼写与变形。 语境运用：常结合many/much/few/little/a few/a little辨析，以及不可数名词数量表达的语境运用。 写作运用：写作中用于描述食物、物品数量，是记叙和说明类作文的基础词汇储备。 1.1名词的单复数变化 1.可数名词变复数的规则变化 变化规则 示例 一般情况下,在名词后直接加-s orange- oranges橘子bag- --bags袋，包 以-s,-x,-ch, -sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es. box- --boxes 盒，箱 beach- beaches海滩,沙滩 wish- --wishes希望,愿望 bus- -buses公共汽车 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先变y为i再加es. story- stories故事，小说family-families家庭 以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词(多数情况下)加-es。 tomato -tomatoes 西红柿 hero- -heroes英雄,男主角 以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词，一般在词尾加-s。 zoo---zoos动物园 kangaroo --kangaroos 袋鼠 .以-f或fe结尾的名词，大多数情况下先将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。 knife -knives 刀 leaf -- leaves叶,叶子 2.可数名词变复数的不规则变化 单数 复数 汉语意思 foot feet 脚 tooth teeth 牙齿 goose geese 鹅 man men 男人 child children 儿童，小孩 ox oxen 公牛 单复数同形的名词 fish鱼 sheep羊 deer鹿 series系列 species种类 means方式,方法 “某国人”的复数形式 a Chinese- --two Chinese两个中国人 an Englishman --- three Englishmen 3个英国人 a German- --five Germans 5个德国人 3.复合名词的复数形式 规则 示例 复合名词变复数时，通常只将其中的主体名词变成复教;如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变成复数。 looker-on- -lookers-on 旁观者 grown-up grown-ups成年人 由man成woman构成的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都要变成复数形式。 a man teacher --three men teachers3个男教师 4.特殊的可数名词的复数形式 规则 示例 有些名词经常或只能用复数形式，不能被具体的数词修饰。若表达具体数目，要借助量词par(对，双)，suit(套)等。 glasses眼镜--a pair of gasses一副眼镜 集体名词以单数形式出现,但表示复数意义。其前不能用具体的数词修饰,只能加the，表示“全体......” the police 警察 the cattle牛the people人们 1.2 不可数名词的用法 不可数名词前不能加不定冠词a/an,也无复数形式。 1.中考中常见的不可数名词 rice大米 news新闻 bread面包 information信息 milk牛奶 beef牛肉 food食物 orange橙汁 work工作 fun乐趣 advice建议 homework家庭作业 trouble麻烦 time时间 weather天气 furniture 家具 2.不可数名词的数量表达 不可数名词在表达数量关系时，可借助表示数量单位的短语修饰。 a bottle of orange juice 1瓶橙汁 five bags of rice 5袋大米 【即时检测】 1．Can you give me ________ about the history exam? A．an information B．some information C．more informations D．lots of informations 2．—What animals can you find on the farm? —I can find some ________, many ________ and cows. A．geese; chickens B．gooses; chickens C．geese; chicken D．goose; chicken 基础固本练（限时：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．Many animals can remember ________ useful information in their lives. A．many B．much C．few D．a few 2．—I eat ________ fruit and ________ junk food than I did before. —That’s why you’re getting healthier. A．fewer; more B．more; less C．less; more D．many; much 3．—What drinks do we need for our class party? —Let’s get some ________. A．carton of juice B．cartons of juices C．carton of juices D．cartons of juice 4．It’s about ten ________ walk from my home to school. A．minute B．minutes C．minute’s D．minutes’ 5．Could you give me ________? I want to write down the address. A．a paper B．some papers C．a piece of paper D．some pieces of papers 6．I have three ________ and two ________ for lunch. A．tomato; potato B．tomatoes; potatoes C．tomatos; potatos D．tomatoes; potato 7．—What’s in the box? —A few________, and ________ bread. A．pears; few B．milk; a little C．pears; a little D．milk; little 8．I’d like three ________ for dinner. A．breads B．pieces of bread C．piece of bread D．pieces of breads 9．There are some ________ of famous singers on the wall of the music room. A．picture B．pictures C．picturing D．to picture 10．—What animals can you find on the farm? —I can find some ______, many ______ and cows. A．fox; sheep B．snakes; mouse C．cat; birds D．sheep; hens 11．—Are all the students in your school from ________? —No. Only a small number of them ________. A．Germany; are Germans B．Germany; are Germen C．German; is Germany D．Germen; is Germany 12．— How many animals are there over there? — Five. Two ________ and three ________. A．deer… sheep B．deers… sheep C．deer… sheeps D．deers… sheeps 13．—Are there any ________ in the picture? —Yes, there are. A．beef B．mutton C．sheep D．cow 14．A number of ________ are talking about those ________. A．Frenchmans, Germans B．Frenchmen, Germen C．Frenchmen, Germans D．Frenchmans, Germen 15．There are three ________ and five ________ in the hospital. A．woman doctors; man nurses B．women doctors; men nurses C．women doctor; man nurse D．woman doctor; men nurse 16．There are thirty ________ in our school. Each of them has a good ________ of English. A．woman teachers; knowledge B．women teachers; knowledge C．woman teacher; knowledges D．women teachers; knowledges 17．Can you give me ________ on how to learn English well? A．some advices B．an advice C．some advice D．many advices 18．I got ________ and had an exciting ________ when I took part in the school concert. A．experiences; experience B．experience; experience C．experience; experiences D．experiences; experiences 19．Peter has lots of ________ to do, but he still enjoys reading ________ by Mo Yan. A．work; work B．works; works C．work; works D．works; work 20．Perhaps there won’t be ________ for everybody in thirty years’ time. A．enough room B．enough rooms C．rooms enough D．room enough 21．We eat two ________ and some ________ after dinner. A．ice-cream; strawberry B．ice-creams: strawberries C．ice-cream; strawberries D．ice-creams: strawberry 22．There is ________ for you to get ready for the final exam. A．times enough B．enough times C．enough time D．time enough 23．________ teachers in their school is about 200 and one-third of them are ________ teachers. A．A number of, women B．A number of, woman C．The number of, women D．The number of, woman 24．When choosing a hobby, it’s important to consider your personal ________ and lifestyle. A．interests B．interesting C．interested D．interest 25．There are three ________ in our school. They all teach math very well. A．man teachers B．men teachers C．mans teachers D．men teacher 二、单词拼写 26．There are three ________ (box) of carrots on the farm. 27．Many people believe that their ________ can change with hard work. (life) 28．All the ________ in this talk shared their own stories of chasing dreams. (speak) 29．We need lots of ________ before we start our new volunteer project. (prepare) 30．Two ________ advice helps us a lot when we choose future jobs. (teacher) 31．Many young ________ hope to take part in different kinds of volunteer work. (teenager) 32．Five ________ will come to give us career talks next Friday afternoon. (expert) 33．There are three football ________ (team) in our grade. 34．Many small ________ (matter) can change the result of the game. 35．She has two English ________ (dictionary). 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、语法选择 Passage 1 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 On New Year’s Day, people usually eat special food for good luck. In Spain, people eat twelve grapes 1 night on New Year’s Day. They eat one grape for each stroke (钟声). After twelve strokes, they finish eating twelve grapes. They believe it 2 bring twelve lucky months. In China, most people eat dumplings on New Year’s Day. Families sit around the table together and learn 3 dumplings happily. Sometimes 4 a coin (硬币) in the dumplings. When families eat one of the dumplings and taste 5 coin, it means good luck for the whole year. Everyone looks forward to good luck, 6 most people don’t know which dumpling has a coin. Last year, my grandmother tasted a lucky coin in a dumpling. She was very happy and 7 it to everyone. 8 do Japanese people eat on New Year’s Day, noodles or cakes? The 9 is noodles. They think noodles can bring 10 families good luck and long life. Different countries have different foods, but the good wishes are the same. 1．A．at B．in C．on 2．A．must B．need C．can 3．A．make B．to make C．making 4．A．there is B．there are C．there was 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．and B．but C．so 7．A．showed B．shows C．show 8．A．Where B．Which C．Why 9．A．answer B．answers C．answer’s 10．A．they B．them C．their Passage 2 What is junk food? Hamburgers, potato chips and chocolate are all junk food. It’s bad 1 our health. Do you like to eat junk food? Many children love it. But 2 parents don’t want them to eat 3 junk food. 4 the children know 5 junk food is not a good habit, they still eat it. Some of them eat it every day. Others only eat it 6 a week. Little Tom is a little 7 . He eats 8 junk food every day, because he 9 it. He never eats vegetables. He is always tired. He is very fat. I think he must stop 10 junk food so that he can keep healthy. 1．A．to B．for C．in 2．A．they B．their C．them 3．A．too much B．much too C．too many 4．A．But B．So C．Although 5．A．eat B．eating C．eats 6．A．two B．twice C．second 7．A．unhealthy B．unhealth C．healthy 8．A．a lot B．lot of C．a lot of 9．A．love B．loves C．to love 10．A．eating B．to eat C．eat Passage 3 Dear Daniel, I’m happy to talk to you in English. I would like 1 my daily meals with you. I have three 2 every day—breakfast, lunch and dinner. I have food like eggs and porridge in the morning. Breakfast is a very 3 meal, but I don’t eat much in the morning. Lunch is 4 big meal in China. Many students have lunch at school 5 school days. I have lunch at home, 6 my home is near my school. I usually have rice, vegetables, meat and other food for lunch. For dinner, I also eat at home. But sometimes I go out for dinner with my friends or my parents. After dinner, I 7 eat some fruit if I’m still hungry. It is good for my health. 8 favorite fruit is strawberries. I think they are sweet. Eating more vegetables and fruits every day 9 me fit. I like all my meals very much. Enjoying a delicious meal makes me 10 relaxed. What kind of dishes do you have in Canada? Yours, Li Hua 1．A．share B．sharing C．to share 2．A．meal B．meals C．meal’s 3．A．important B．more important C．the most important 4．A．the B．an C．a 5．A．on B．with C．at 6．A．so B．because C．but 7．A．must B．can C．should 8．A．I B．Me C．My 9．A．keep B．keeps C．kept 10．A．feel B．feels C．feeling 二、短文填空 Passage 1 Tea to the Chinese is like coffee to the Americans. Most people from 1 (Chinese) like tea very much. For Chinese people, tea is 2 important kind of drink in their life. Chinese tea has a history of over 5,000 3 (year). There are mainly six kinds of tea: white, yellow, green, oolong, black 4 dark. People in different 5 (place) like different kinds of tea and they drink tea in different ways. In Guangdong and Fujian, people like 6 (drink) “Kung Fu Tea” in small tea cups. 7 (one), they clean the teapot. Then they put some tea 8 (leaf) into the teapot before putting the water in. In Tibet, butter tea is people’s favourite. But 9 Beijing, people like flower green tea. So 10 (remember) to tell people what kind of tea you are giving to them. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 I 1 (real) love cooking. I can cook great food. I don’t learn to cook in class. I learn to cook from videos 2 TV. Here is my bread. It looks like 3 apple. There’s milk and 4 (egg) in it. My parents say my bread is very good and healthy. When I cook new food, I always want my parents 5 (eat) first. Then I take some of it to my grandmother. She always 6 (like) my food very much. This term, there are 7 (cook) lessons in my school. And my school knows I can cook 8 (good), so the teacher is me! All the students like my lessons 9 they are interesting for them. I show them making food is not that difficult. I think they will fall in love 10 it if they try (尝试). 2 / 16 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 可数与不可数名词（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 可数名词变复数的规则变化（五种基本规则）； 2. 可数名词变复数的不规则变化及单复同形名词； 3. 复合名词的复数形式（man/woman构成的双变化规则）； 4. 不可数名词的识别及数量表达（量词结构）； 5. 既可数又不可数的名词辨析（experience, work, room, paper等）； 6. many/much/few/little/a few/a little的用法区别。 复习难点： 1. 以o结尾名词的复数判断（有生命加-es vs 无生命加-s）； 2. 以f/fe结尾名词的复数变化规则（变v加-es）； 3. 单复同形名词的识别（sheep, deer, fish, Chinese等）； 4. man/woman构成的复合名词复数双变化规则； 5. 既可数又不可数名词的词义辨析（experience经验/经历等）； 6. 名词所有格的构成（复数所有格、时间所有格）。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重名词复数不规则变化、量词结构（a piece of/a bottle of）的拼写与变形。 语境运用：常结合many/much/few/little/a few/a little辨析，以及不可数名词数量表达的语境运用。 写作运用：写作中用于描述食物、物品数量，是记叙和说明类作文的基础词汇储备。 1.1名词的单复数变化 1.可数名词变复数的规则变化 变化规则 示例 一般情况下,在名词后直接加-s orange- oranges橘子bag- --bags袋，包 以-s,-x,-ch, -sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es. box- --boxes 盒，箱 beach- beaches海滩,沙滩 wish- --wishes希望,愿望 bus- -buses公共汽车 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先变y为i再加es. story- stories故事，小说family-families家庭 以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词(多数情况下)加-es。 tomato -tomatoes 西红柿 hero- -heroes英雄,男主角 以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词，一般在词尾加-s。 zoo---zoos动物园 kangaroo --kangaroos 袋鼠 .以-f或fe结尾的名词，大多数情况下先将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。 knife -knives 刀 leaf -- leaves叶,叶子 2.可数名词变复数的不规则变化 单数 复数 汉语意思 foot feet 脚 tooth teeth 牙齿 goose geese 鹅 man men 男人 child children 儿童，小孩 ox oxen 公牛 单复数同形的名词 fish鱼 sheep羊 deer鹿 series系列 species种类 means方式,方法 “某国人”的复数形式 a Chinese- --two Chinese两个中国人 an Englishman --- three Englishmen 3个英国人 a German- --five Germans 5个德国人 3.复合名词的复数形式 规则 示例 复合名词变复数时，通常只将其中的主体名词变成复教;如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变成复数。 looker-on- -lookers-on 旁观者 grown-up grown-ups成年人 由man成woman构成的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都要变成复数形式。 a man teacher --three men teachers3个男教师 4.特殊的可数名词的复数形式 规则 示例 有些名词经常或只能用复数形式，不能被具体的数词修饰。若表达具体数目，要借助量词par(对，双)，suit(套)等。 glasses眼镜--a pair of gasses一副眼镜 集体名词以单数形式出现,但表示复数意义。其前不能用具体的数词修饰,只能加the，表示“全体......” the police 警察 the cattle牛the people人们 1.2 不可数名词的用法 不可数名词前不能加不定冠词a/an,也无复数形式。 1.中考中常见的不可数名词 rice大米 news新闻 bread面包 information信息 milk牛奶 beef牛肉 food食物 orange橙汁 work工作 fun乐趣 advice建议 homework家庭作业 trouble麻烦 time时间 weather天气 furniture 家具 2.不可数名词的数量表达 不可数名词在表达数量关系时，可借助表示数量单位的短语修饰。 a bottle of orange juice 1瓶橙汁 five bags of rice 5袋大米 【即时检测】 1．Can you give me ________ about the history exam? A．an information B．some information C．more informations D．lots of informations 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于历史考试的信息吗？ 考查名词。information“信息”，是不可数名词，不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能用不定冠词修饰，所以B项符合。故选B。 2．—What animals can you find on the farm? —I can find some ________, many ________ and cows. A．geese; chickens B．gooses; chickens C．geese; chicken D．goose; chicken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——在农场上你能找到什么动物？——我能找到一些鹅，许多鸡和奶牛。 考查名词复数。goose鹅，其复数形式是geese；chicken鸡，其复数形式是chickens。根据“some”可知，此处要用复数名词，goose的复数形式是geese，而不是gooses，排除B选项；根据“many”可知，此处也要用复数名词，chicken的复数形式是chickens，而不是chicken，排除C和D选项。故选A。 基础固本练（限时：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．Many animals can remember ________ useful information in their lives. A．many B．much C．few D．a few 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多动物在生活中能记住许多有用的信息。 many许多；much许多；few很少；a few一些。根据空后名词“information”可知，它是不可数名词，只有much修饰不可数名词。 2．—I eat ________ fruit and ________ junk food than I did before. —That’s why you’re getting healthier. A．fewer; more B．more; less C．less; more D．many; much 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我比以前吃更多的水果和更少的垃圾食品。——那就是你变得更健康的原因。 fewer更少的（修饰可数名词复数）；more更多的（修饰可数或不可数名词）；less更少的（修饰不可数名词）；many许多（修饰可数名词原级）；much许多（修饰不可数名词原级）。根据答语“That’s why you’re getting healthier.”可知，身体变得更健康是因为饮食更合理，即吃“更多”水果和“更少”垃圾食品；句中有than，需用比较级，排除D项；junk food是不可数名词，修饰不可数名词表示“更少”应用less。 3．—What drinks do we need for our class party? —Let’s get some ________. A．carton of juice B．cartons of juices C．carton of juices D．cartons of juice 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们的班级聚会需要什么饮料？——我们买几箱果汁吧。 some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。carton是可数名词，意为“箱”，此处表示复数，用cartons；juice是不可数名词，意为“果汁”，无复数形式，故结构为some cartons of juice。 4．It’s about ten ________ walk from my home to school. A．minute B．minutes C．minute’s D．minutes’ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：从我家到学校步行大约需要十分钟。 minute分钟（单数）；minutes分钟（复数）；minute’s分钟的（单数所有格）；minutes’分钟的（复数所有格）。根据语境可知，此处考查“数词 + 名词所有格 + 名词”的结构，表示时间、距离等的度量。因为“ten”是复数，所以minute要用复数形式minutes，其所有格形式为minutes’。 5．Could you give me ________? I want to write down the address. A．a paper B．some papers C．a piece of paper D．some pieces of papers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能给我一张纸吗？我想记下这个地址。 paper意为“纸”时是不可数名词，不能直接用不定冠词a修饰，也没有复数形式；表示“一张纸”需用量词结构a piece of paper。 6．I have three ________ and two ________ for lunch. A．tomato; potato B．tomatoes; potatoes C．tomatos; potatos D．tomatoes; potato 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我午餐吃了三个西红柿和两个土豆。 tomato西红柿；potato土豆。根据“three”和“two”可知，此处名词应用复数形式。以o结尾的名词变复数时，有生命的（如tomato, potato）通常加es，无生命的（如photo, radio）通常加s。因此，tomato的复数是tomatoes，potato的复数是potatoes。 7．—What’s in the box? —A few________, and ________ bread. A．pears; few B．milk; a little C．pears; a little D．milk; little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——盒子里有什么？——一些梨，还有一点面包。 第一空，pears“梨子”，可数名词复数；milk“牛奶”，不可数名词。a few修饰可数名词复数，故第一空填 pears。第二空，few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a little一点点，修饰不可数名词。bread是不可数名词，故第二空填 a little。 8．I’d like three ________ for dinner. A．breads B．pieces of bread C．piece of bread D．pieces of breads 【答案】B 【详解】句意：晚餐我想要三片面包。 bread面包，是不可数名词，没有复数形式；piece片，是可数名词。three后面接可数名词复数pieces，three pieces of bread表示三片面包，因此应选B。 9．There are some ________ of famous singers on the wall of the music room. A．picture B．pictures C．picturing D．to picture 【答案】B 【详解】句意：音乐室的墙上有一些著名歌手的照片。 There are后应接复数名词作主语，应填pictures。 10．—What animals can you find on the farm? —I can find some ______, many ______ and cows. A．fox; sheep B．snakes; mouse C．cat; birds D．sheep; hens 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你在农场能找到什么动物？——我能找到一些羊、许多母鸡和奶牛。   考查可数名词的复数形式 。空一根据“some”可知，其后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词，选项B中snakes“蛇”为复数，选项D中sheep“羊”，其单数复数同形，故排除A和C；空二根据“many”可知，其后面接可数名词复数。故选D 。 11．—Are all the students in your school from ________? —No. Only a small number of them ________. A．Germany; are Germans B．Germany; are Germen C．German; is Germany D．Germen; is Germany 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你们学校所有的学生都来自德国吗？——不，只有一小部分学生是德国人。 考查名词和主谓一致。Germany德国，名词；German德国人，名词单数形式；Germen是错误形式；is是第三人称单数形式；are是复数形式。根据“Are all the students in your school from...”可知，第一空指的是“德国”，应用名词Germany；第二空主语a small number of them指的是“他们中的一小部分人”，是复数，所以be动词应用are，且“德国人”应用German的复数形式Germans。故选A。 12．— How many animals are there over there? — Five. Two ________ and three ________. A．deer… sheep B．deers… sheep C．deer… sheeps D．deers… sheeps 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——那边有多少个动物？——五只。两只鹿和三只绵羊。 考查名词复数。根据“Two”可知，数词后跟名词复数，deer“鹿”的复数形式为deer；根据“three”可知，数词three后也跟名词复数。sheep“绵羊”为单复同形。故选A。 13．—Are there any ________ in the picture? —Yes, there are. A．beef B．mutton C．sheep D．cow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——图中有羊吗？——是的，有。 考查名词词义辨析。beef牛肉，不可数名词；mutton羊肉，不可数名词；sheep羊，可数名词，单复同形；cow奶牛，可数名词单数。根据“Are there any…in the picture?”，结合选项可知，此处应该提问图中有没有羊，该句是there be 句型，此处be动词是are，所以此处填入可数名词复数sheep。故选C。 14．A number of ________ are talking about those ________. A．Frenchmans, Germans B．Frenchmen, Germen C．Frenchmen, Germans D．Frenchmans, Germen 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多法国人正在谈论那些德国人。 考查名词复数。“A number of”意为“许多”，后面需要接可数名词的复数形式，Frenchman的复数形式为“Frenchmen”，意为“法国人”；“those”意为“那些”，German的复数形式为Germans，意为“德国人”。故选C。 15．There are three ________ and five ________ in the hospital. A．woman doctors; man nurses B．women doctors; men nurses C．women doctor; man nurse D．woman doctor; men nurse 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医院里有三位女医生和五位男护士。 woman doctor女医生，复数形式是women doctors；man nurse男护士，复数形式men nurses。由“three”和“five”可知，两空均用名词复数形式；当woman/man作定语修饰复数名词时，woman/man也要变为复数。因此第一空选用women doctors，第二空选用men nurses。 16．There are thirty ________ in our school. Each of them has a good ________ of English. A．woman teachers; knowledge B．women teachers; knowledge C．woman teacher; knowledges D．women teachers; knowledges 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校有三十位女教师。她们每个人都有扎实的英语知识。 考查名词的数。根据“There are thirty ...”可知，thirty后接复数，“woman+名词”的复合名词变复数时，woman和后面的名词都要变复数，第一空需用women teachers；第二空，knowledge是不可数名词，无复数形式。故选B。 17．Can you give me ________ on how to learn English well? A．some advices B．an advice C．some advice D．many advices 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗? advice(建议)是不可数名词，没有复数形式，不能用an或many修饰，只能用some/a little等修饰。 18．I got ________ and had an exciting ________ when I took part in the school concert. A．experiences; experience B．experience; experience C．experience; experiences D．experiences; experiences 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我参加学校音乐会时，我获得了经验并有一次令人兴奋的经历。 考查名词辨析。experience作不可数名词时意为“经验”，作可数名词时意为“经历”。“an”后接可数名词的单数形式，第二空应填单数名词experience“经历”；第二空处已表示“有了一次经历”，第一空处应表示“获得经验”，第一空应填不可数名词experience“经验”。故选B。 19．Peter has lots of ________ to do, but he still enjoys reading ________ by Mo Yan. A．work; work B．works; works C．work; works D．works; work 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Peter有许多工作要做，但他仍然喜欢阅读莫言的作品。 考查名词的用法。根据“Peter has lots of … to do”可知是有很多工作要做，work“工作”是不可数名词，排除选项B和D；根据“but he still enjoys reading … by Mo Yan.”可知是读莫言的作品，此处work“作品”是可数名词，用名词复数表示泛指。故选C。 20．Perhaps there won’t be ________ for everybody in thirty years’ time. A．enough room B．enough rooms C．rooms enough D．room enough 【答案】A 【详解】句意：三十年后，也许不会有足够的空间容纳每个人。 考查不可数名词和enough的用法。enough足够的，限定词，用于复数名词或不可数名词前；room空间，不可数名词；rooms房间，可数名词复数形式。根据语境可知，30年后，我们居住的空间会变小，可推测此处是也许不会有足够的空间容纳每个人，room应为“空间”，不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除B和C，又因限定词enough修饰名词时应在名词前。故选A。 21．We eat two ________ and some ________ after dinner. A．ice-cream; strawberry B．ice-creams: strawberries C．ice-cream; strawberries D．ice-creams: strawberry 【答案】B 【详解】句意：晚饭后我们吃两个冰淇淋和一些草莓。 考查名词用法。ice-cream冰淇淋，表示几份时为可数名词，所以句中数词two后用复数形式；strawberry草莓，可数名词，some后跟可数名词复数，故选B。 22．There is ________ for you to get ready for the final exam. A．times enough B．enough times C．enough time D．time enough 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你有足够的时间准备期末考试。 考查enough用法和名词的数。enough修饰名词作前置定语；enough修饰形容词或副词作状语后置。根据“for you to get ready for the final exam”可知是足够的时间，time是不可数名词，空格处应填enough time。故选C。 23．________ teachers in their school is about 200 and one-third of them are ________ teachers. A．A number of, women B．A number of, woman C．The number of, women D．The number of, woman 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们学校的教师人数大约是200人，其中三分之一是女教师。 a number of许多，谓语动词用复数；women女人，复数；the number of……的数量，谓语动词用单数；woman女人，单数。根据“…the teachers in their school is about 200”可知，谓语“is”说明第一空表示数量，应用The number of。根据“one-third of them are…teachers.”可知，men或women作定语修饰复数名词时，前置名词需用复数形式，根据“teachers”可知第二空应用women。应填The number of；women。 24．When choosing a hobby, it’s important to consider your personal ________ and lifestyle. A．interests B．interesting C．interested D．interest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：选择爱好时，考虑你的个人兴趣和生活方式很重要。 interests兴趣（复数名词）；interesting有趣的（形容词）；interested感兴趣的（形容词）；interest兴趣（单数名词）。形容词“personal”后接名词，此处与“lifestyle”并列，表示多方面的兴趣可用复数，interests符合语境。 25．There are three ________ in our school. They all teach math very well. A．man teachers B．men teachers C．mans teachers D．men teacher 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校有三名男教师。他们都教数学教得很好。根据“three”可知此处应用复数形式。由“man”构成的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都要变复数，“man”变为复数形式“men”，“teacher”变为复数形式“teachers”，应填men teachers。 二、单词拼写 26．There are three ________ (box) of carrots on the farm. 【答案】boxes 【详解】句意：农场里有三箱胡萝卜。three后接可数名词复数，box以x结尾，复数加es，即boxes。故填boxes。 27．Many people believe that their ________ can change with hard work. (life) 【答案】lives 【详解】句意：许多人相信，通过努力，他们的生活可以发生改变。“their”后面接可数名词复数。life的复数形式为lives。 28．All the ________ in this talk shared their own stories of chasing dreams. (speak) 【答案】speakers 【详解】句意：这场讲座当中所有的演讲者分享了他们追逐梦想的亲身故事。空格处要表达“演讲者”的含义，speak对应的表示“演讲者”的名词是speaker，all后接可数名词复数形式speakers。 29．We need lots of ________ before we start our new volunteer project. (prepare) 【答案】preparations 【详解】句意：在开启新的志愿项目之前，我们需要大量准备工作。空格前lots of后面需接名词，括号内给出的动词prepare要变为对应的名词形式preparation；preparation此处表示具体的准备事项时是可数名词，lots of后接可数名词要用复数形式，所以填preparations。 30．Two ________ advice helps us a lot when we choose future jobs. (teacher) 【答案】teachers’ 【详解】句意：两位老师的建议在我们选择未来工作时对我们帮助很大。two后面接可数名词复数，teacher的复数teachers；空格后面有名词advice，需要用名词所有格表示“老师们的”，复数名词以s结尾，直接加’，故填teachers’。 31．Many young ________ hope to take part in different kinds of volunteer work. (teenager) 【答案】teenagers 【详解】句意：许多青少年希望参加不同种类的志愿工作。many意为“许多”，后面要接可数名词复数；teenager是可数名词，复数形式为teenagers，故填teenagers。 32．Five ________ will come to give us career talks next Friday afternoon. (expert) 【答案】experts 【详解】句意：下周五下午，五位专家将来给我们做职业讲座。expert“专家”，可数名词，基数词five后接复数名词experts。 33．There are three football ________ (team) in our grade. 【答案】teams 【详解】句意：我们年级有三支足球队。“three”后接可数名词复数形式；“team”的复数形式为“teams”。 34．Many small ________ (matter) can change the result of the game. 【答案】matters 【详解】句意：许多小事情可以改变比赛的结果。“Many”后接可数名词复数形式；“matter”作名词意为“事情”，其复数形式为“matters”。 35．She has two English ________ (dictionary). 【答案】dictionaries 【详解】句意：她有两本英语词典。根据数词two可知，后面要接可数名词的复数形式。dictionary为名词，意思为“词典，字典”，其复数为dictionaries。 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、语法选择 Passage 1 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 On New Year’s Day, people usually eat special food for good luck. In Spain, people eat twelve grapes 1 night on New Year’s Day. They eat one grape for each stroke (钟声). After twelve strokes, they finish eating twelve grapes. They believe it 2 bring twelve lucky months. In China, most people eat dumplings on New Year’s Day. Families sit around the table together and learn 3 dumplings happily. Sometimes 4 a coin (硬币) in the dumplings. When families eat one of the dumplings and taste 5 coin, it means good luck for the whole year. Everyone looks forward to good luck, 6 most people don’t know which dumpling has a coin. Last year, my grandmother tasted a lucky coin in a dumpling. She was very happy and 7 it to everyone. 8 do Japanese people eat on New Year’s Day, noodles or cakes? The 9 is noodles. They think noodles can bring 10 families good luck and long life. Different countries have different foods, but the good wishes are the same. 1．A．at B．in C．on 2．A．must B．need C．can 3．A．make B．to make C．making 4．A．there is B．there are C．there was 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．and B．but C．so 7．A．showed B．shows C．show 8．A．Where B．Which C．Why 9．A．answer B．answers C．answer’s 10．A．they B．them C．their 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍西班牙、中国、日本三个国家新年特色美食，讲述各国特色食物承载的新年吉祥寓意，点明不同国家新年食物虽有差异，但人们对好运的美好期盼是相通的。 1．句意：在西班牙，人们在新年夜晚吃十二颗葡萄。 固定搭配：at night为固定短语，意为“在夜晚”；in不与night单独搭配；on后接具体某天的早中晚，因此at符合语法规则。 2．句意：他们相信这能带来十二个幸运月。 此处表达吃十二颗葡萄这件事能够带来好运，表客观可能性，can符合句意；must必须，语气过强，need需要，语义不符。 3．句意：一家人围坐在餐桌旁，开心地学习包饺子。 learn to do sth.“学习做某事”，应用to make。make和making均不符合搭配。 4．句意：有时候饺子里会放一枚硬币。 后面名词a coin是单数可数名词，时态为一般现在时（全文介绍习俗用一般现在时），there be遵循就近原则，单数名词搭配there is；there are后接复数名词，there was为一般过去时，时态不符。 5．句意：当家人吃到包着硬币的饺子，尝到这枚硬币时，这代表一整年好运。 前文已经提到过a coin，此处特指前文提到的饺子里的硬币，用定冠词the；a/an用于第一次提及单数名词。 6．句意：每个人都期盼好运，但大多数人不知道哪个饺子里有硬币。 前后两句存在转折关系，期盼好运却不知道硬币在哪，but符合逻辑；and表并列顺承，so表结果，均不符。 7．句意：她特别开心，并把硬币展示给所有人看。 last year（去年）提示句子时态为一般过去时，and连接并列谓语，动词要使用过去式，showed是show的过去式，符合语境；shows一般现在时单数，show动词原形，时态均不匹配。 8．句意：日本人新年吃哪一种食物，面条还是糕点？ 根据“noodles or cakes”，可知此处询问选择哪一种食物，在一定范围内选择应用Which；Where问地点，Why问原因，均不符。 9．句意：答案是面条。 空处在句中作主语，is提示主语为单数名词；answer答案（单数名词）符合语境；answers复数；answer’s名词所有格，后必须接名词，不能单独作主语。 10．句意：他们认为面条能给他们的家人带来好运和长寿。 根据“families”，可知修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词，表示“他们的家庭”，应用their；they主格，作句子主语，them宾格，作宾语，均不符合。 Passage 2 What is junk food? Hamburgers, potato chips and chocolate are all junk food. It’s bad 1 our health. Do you like to eat junk food? Many children love it. But 2 parents don’t want them to eat 3 junk food. 4 the children know 5 junk food is not a good habit, they still eat it. Some of them eat it every day. Others only eat it 6 a week. Little Tom is a little 7 . He eats 8 junk food every day, because he 9 it. He never eats vegetables. He is always tired. He is very fat. I think he must stop 10 junk food so that he can keep healthy. 1．A．to B．for C．in 2．A．they B．their C．them 3．A．too much B．much too C．too many 4．A．But B．So C．Although 5．A．eat B．eating C．eats 6．A．two B．twice C．second 7．A．unhealthy B．unhealth C．healthy 8．A．a lot B．lot of C．a lot of 9．A．love B．loves C．to love 10．A．eating B．to eat C．eat 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了垃圾食品的种类及危害，并通过汤姆的例子告诫人们要少吃垃圾食品，保持健康。 1．句意：它对我们的健康有害。 “be bad for”为固定短语，意为“对……有害”，因此for符合。to和in均不构成此搭配。 2．句意：但是他们的父母不想让他们吃太多垃圾食品。 空后为名词parents，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，因此their“他们的”符合。they为主格，them为宾格，均不能修饰名词。 3．句意：但是他们的父母不想让他们吃太多垃圾食品。 junk food为不可数名词，表示“太多”应用too much。much too意为“太”，修饰形容词或副词；too many修饰可数名词复数。 4．句意：尽管孩子们知道吃垃圾食品不是一个好习惯，他们仍然会吃。 前后句为让步关系，因此Although“尽管”符合。But“但是”表转折，So“所以”表因果，均不符合逻辑。 5．句意：尽管孩子们知道吃垃圾食品不是一个好习惯，他们仍然会吃。 空处在宾语从句中作主语，表示“吃垃圾食品”这一行为，应用动名词短语eating junk food。eat为动词原形，eats为第三人称单数，均不能作主语。 根据句子结构，此处动词作从句主语，应用动名词形式。根据语境，选项B符合语法合理性。选项A和C不能直接作主语。 6．句意：其他人一周只吃两次。 表示频率“每周两次”应用twice a week。two“二”为基数词；second“第二”为序数词，均不符合。 7．句意：小汤姆有点儿不健康。 根据下文描述“他从不吃蔬菜，总是很累，很胖”可知，他的身体状况是不健康的，因此unhealthy符合。unhealth不是正确拼写；healthy“健康的”与文意相反。 8．句意：他每天吃很多垃圾食品。 junk food为不可数名词，表示“很多”应用a lot of。a lot需加of才能接名词；lot of缺少a，形式错误。 9．句意：因为他喜欢它。 主语“He”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用loves。love为原形；to love为非谓语形式，不能作谓语。 10．句意：我认为他必须停止吃垃圾食品，这样才能保持健康。 stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，表示戒掉某个习惯，因此eating符合。stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做另一件事”，不符合语境。 Passage 3 Dear Daniel, I’m happy to talk to you in English. I would like 1 my daily meals with you. I have three 2 every day—breakfast, lunch and dinner. I have food like eggs and porridge in the morning. Breakfast is a very 3 meal, but I don’t eat much in the morning. Lunch is 4 big meal in China. Many students have lunch at school 5 school days. I have lunch at home, 6 my home is near my school. I usually have rice, vegetables, meat and other food for lunch. For dinner, I also eat at home. But sometimes I go out for dinner with my friends or my parents. After dinner, I 7 eat some fruit if I’m still hungry. It is good for my health. 8 favorite fruit is strawberries. I think they are sweet. Eating more vegetables and fruits every day 9 me fit. I like all my meals very much. Enjoying a delicious meal makes me 10 relaxed. What kind of dishes do you have in Canada? Yours, Li Hua 1．A．share B．sharing C．to share 2．A．meal B．meals C．meal’s 3．A．important B．more important C．the most important 4．A．the B．an C．a 5．A．on B．with C．at 6．A．so B．because C．but 7．A．must B．can C．should 8．A．I B．Me C．My 9．A．keep B．keeps C．kept 10．A．feel B．feels C．feeling 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了李华写信给Daniel，介绍自己每日三餐及饮食习惯。 1．句意：我想和你分享我的一日三餐。 “would like to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，故填to share。 2．句意：我每天吃三顿饭——早餐、午餐和晚餐。 “three”后需接可数名词复数形式，故填meals。 3． 句意：早餐是一顿非常重要的餐食，但我早上吃得不多。 该处需一个形容词原级，在句中作定语修饰“meal”，无比较含义，故填important。 4．句意：在中国，午餐是一顿大餐。 该处需一个冠词，表示特指“一顿大餐”这一概念，“big meal”为可数名词单数，且此处表泛指，故填a。 5．句意：许多学生在上学日中午在学校吃午餐。 “on school days”为固定短语，意为“在上学日”，故填on。 6．句意：我在家吃午餐，因为我家离学校近。 前后句意表因果关系，前果后因，应选用“because”。 7．句意：晚饭后，如果我还饿，我可以吃一些水果。 该处需一个情态动词，表示“可以”，故填can。 8．句意：我最喜欢的水果是草莓。 该处需一个形容词性物主代词，修饰名词“favorite fruit”，故填My。 9． 句意：每天多吃蔬菜和水果让我保持健康。 “Eating more vegetables and fruits”作主语，动名词短语作主语时谓语动词用单数，故填keeps。 10．句意：享受美味的食物让我感到放松。 “make sb. do sth.”为固定结构，意为“让某人做某事”，故填feel。 二、短文填空 Passage 1 Tea to the Chinese is like coffee to the Americans. Most people from 1 (Chinese) like tea very much. For Chinese people, tea is 2 important kind of drink in their life. Chinese tea has a history of over 5,000 3 (year). There are mainly six kinds of tea: white, yellow, green, oolong, black 4 dark. People in different 5 (place) like different kinds of tea and they drink tea in different ways. In Guangdong and Fujian, people like 6 (drink) “Kung Fu Tea” in small tea cups. 7 (one), they clean the teapot. Then they put some tea 8 (leaf) into the teapot before putting the water in. In Tibet, butter tea is people’s favourite. But 9 Beijing, people like flower green tea. So 10 (remember) to tell people what kind of tea you are giving to them. 【答案】 1．China 2．an 3．years 4．and 5．places 6．drinking 7．First 8．leaves 9．in 10．remember 【导语】本文介绍了茶在中国人生活中的重要地位、中国茶的历史、种类以及不同地区人们不同的饮茶习惯。 1．句意：大多数来自中国的人非常喜欢茶。空前“from”为介词，后接表示国家的名词。China意为“中国”，Most people from China意为“大多数来自中国的人”，符合语境。 2．句意：对于中国人来说，茶是他们生活中一种重要的饮品。kind为可数名词单数，此处表示“一种”，important以元音音素开头，用an。 3．句意：中国茶有5000多年的历史。空前有“over 5,000”，后接可数名词复数。year的复数形式为years。 4．句意：主要有六种茶：白茶、黄茶、绿茶、乌龙茶、红茶和黑茶。black与dark之间为并列关系，表示“和”，用and连接。 5．句意：不同地方的人喜欢不同种类的茶，他们用不同的方式喝茶。空前“different”意为“不同的”，后接可数名词复数。place的复数形式为places。 6．句意：在广东和福建，人们喜欢喝“功夫茶”。like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，后接动名词。drink的动名词形式为drinking。 7．句意：首先，他们清洗茶壶。根据下文“Then they put some tea...”可知，此处表示顺序，用First表示“首先”，位于句首首字母大写。 8．句意：然后他们把一些茶叶放进茶壶里，再倒入水。空前“some”意为“一些”，后接可数名词复数。leaf的复数形式为leaves。 9．句意：但在北京，人们喜欢花绿茶。空后“Beijing”为地点，用介词in表示“在北京”。 10．句意：所以记得告诉人们你给他们的是什么茶。本句为祈使句，以动词原形开头。remember意为“记得”，remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 I 1 (real) love cooking. I can cook great food. I don’t learn to cook in class. I learn to cook from videos 2 TV. Here is my bread. It looks like 3 apple. There’s milk and 4 (egg) in it. My parents say my bread is very good and healthy. When I cook new food, I always want my parents 5 (eat) first. Then I take some of it to my grandmother. She always 6 (like) my food very much. This term, there are 7 (cook) lessons in my school. And my school knows I can cook 8 (good), so the teacher is me! All the students like my lessons 9 they are interesting for them. I show them making food is not that difficult. I think they will fall in love 10 it if they try (尝试). 【答案】 1．really 2．on 3．an 4．eggs 5．to eat 6．likes 7．cooking 8．well 9．because 10．with 【导语】本文讲述“我”热爱烹饪，自学厨艺并在校开设烹饪课的经历，传递热爱生活、乐于分享的积极态度。 1．句意：我真的热爱做饭。空格用来修饰后面的实义动词love，修饰动词需要用副词；提示词real是形容词 (真实的)，变副词加后缀-ly，故填really。 2．句意：我从电视上的视频学习做饭。固定搭配on TV，表示“在电视上”。 3．句意：它看起来像一个苹果。apple是以元音音素开头的单数可数名词，表“一个”用不定冠词an。 4．句意：里面有牛奶和鸡蛋。egg是可数名词，前面无单数限定词，此处用复数形式eggs表泛指。 5．句意：每当我做新菜，我总想要父母先品尝。固定结构want sb. to do sth.意为“想要某人做某事”，故填to eat。 6．句意：她总是非常喜欢我做的食物。“always”是一般现在时的标志，主语She是第三人称单数，谓语动词like变为第三人称单数形式likes。 7．句意：这学期我们学校有烹饪课。要修饰后面的名词“lessons”，说明课程内容属性，把动词cook变动名词作定语，cooking lessons是固定表达“烹饪课”。 8．句意：学校知道我做饭很好。空格用来修饰动作“cook”，修饰动词需要用副词；提示词good是形容词，对应的副词形式是well。 9．句意：所有同学都喜欢我的课，因为课程对他们来说很有趣。后半句是前半句的原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 10．句意：我认为只要他们尝试，就会爱上烹饪。固定短语fall in love with sth.，意为“爱上某物”，故填with。 2 / 16 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $