Unit 4 Period 4 Reading for Writing（分层作业）英语人教版必修第一册

分层作业 Unit 4 Natural disasters Period 4 Reading for Writing 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 短语翻译。 1. 芭蕾俱乐部 ____________ 2. 自然俱乐部 ____________ 3. 志愿者俱乐部 ____________ 4. 辩论俱乐部 ____________ 5. 学习新动作 ____________ 6. 听讲座 ____________ 7. 新闻导语 ____________ 8. 新闻主体段落 ____________ 9. 自然灾害 ____________ 10. 海啸 ____________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. We had a heated ____ (辩论) on whether students should be allowed to use smartphones at school. 2. It is not unusual for ____ (青少年) of your generation to be attracted to computer games and online world. 3. Most of the gallery’s ____ (内容) were damaged in the fire. 4. The ____ (志愿者) were working outside the stadium despite the heavy snow. 5. A powerful ____ (地震) caused the huge tsunami in 2004. 6. Huge waves ____ (横扫) villages and coastlines. 7. The bad weather will ____ (阻碍) rescue work. 8. Local ____ (官员) announced the latest death number. 9. Many buildings were ____ (摧毁) by the big waves. 10. Foreign ____ (援助) arrived soon after the disaster. 三、单句语法填空。 1. There will be many difficult and ____ (challenge) days ahead. 2. The ____ (confuse) look on her face suggested she was confused ____ the ____ (confuse) instructions. 3. The drunk driver is responsible ____ the accident that happened on a foggy morning. 4. When do you guess he ____ (come) back? 5. The tsunami ____ (cause) by a strong undersea earthquake hit Southeast Asia in 2004. 6. Thousands of people remained ____ (miss) after the big waves. 7. It is hard ____ (deliver) supplies to disaster-hit areas. 8. Roads ____ (damage) in the tsunami made rescue slow. 9. The reporter ____ (write) the news report is Robert Woodhouse. 10. The number of deaths ____ (be) still rising days after the tsunami. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. The school ____ helped me ____ the ____ ____: maths, English, ____, world history, and Chinese. 学校的指导老师帮我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。 2. The ____ gained ____ through his consistent efforts and achievements. 这个青少年通过不断的努力和成就获得了信心。 3. ________________________ to think and live independently. 对于大学生来说，独立思考、独立生活是很重要的。 4. 2004年12月26日，一场由强地震引发的海啸袭击了东南亚多国。 On 26 December 2004, a tsunami ____ ____ a powerful earthquake ____ many countries in Southeast Asia. 5. 巨浪卷走了房屋、车辆和海边的游客与渔民。 Huge waves ____ ____ homes, cars, tourists and fishermen along the coasts. 6. 恶劣路况让救援物资很难送达受灾地区。 Broken roads ____ ____ ____ to send food and supplies to affected areas. 7. 上千人失踪，遇难人数预计还会继续上升。 Thousands of people are still missing, and ____ ____ ____ deaths is expected to rise further. 8. 多国迅速组织对外援助，帮助灾后重建。 Many countries quickly ____ ____ foreign aid to help rebuild after the disaster. 9. 这则新闻导语点明了海啸的时间、地点与起因。 The news lead tells readers the ____, ____ and ____ of the tsunami. 10. 写新闻摘要时不需要加入个人主观感受。 When writing a news summary, we should not add ____ ____ feelings. 五、语法填空 （23-24高一上·安徽淮北·期末）Chinese characters are so 41 (amaze) that even many foreigners are crazy about them. For the past three decades, Richard Sears has been focused on one thing: telling many 42 (story) behind Chinese characters. His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972, when he was a 22-year-old physics major in the USA． He built a website in 2002 and named it Chinese Etymology (词源), 43 provides visitors with opportunities to check the development of Chinese characters in a variety of forms for free. Because of this well-received website, he 44 (become) Uncle Hanzi, a nickname (昵称) which was given by Chinese netizens. In September, Sears set up 45 (he) studio in Nanjing as part of the local government’s plan to promote Chinese culture. To help both Chinese 46 foreign learners have a better understanding of Chinese characters, the studio concentrates 47 telling stories behind Chinese characters with the aid of technology. They have made over 60 videos in English with Chinese subtitles for Bilibili, a popular video website among young people. 48 (watch) the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters, leaving them a deep 49 (impress). With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support, 50 (many) people will appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters fully. 【答案】 41．amazing 42．stories 43．which 44．became 45．his 46．and 47．on 48．Watching 49．impression 50．more 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了理查德·西尔斯一直专注于讲述汉字背后故事。 41．考查形容词。句意：汉字是如此神奇，以至于许多外国人都为之疯狂。此处修饰物，表示“惊人的”，应用形容词amazing，作表语。故填amazing。 42．考查名词复数。句意：在过去的三十年里，理查德·西尔斯一直专注于一件事：讲述许多中国汉字背后的故事。由many可知，应用story的复数形式，作宾语。故填stories。 43．考查定语从句。句意：他在2002年建立了一个网站，并将其命名为“汉语词源学”，在这个网站上，访问者可以免费查看各种形式的汉字的发展情况。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a website，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 44．考查动词时态。句意：因为这个广受欢迎的网站，他成了中国网民给他起的绰号“汉字叔叔”。此处在句中作谓语，根据“was given”可知，描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填became。 45．考查代词。句意：今年9月，西尔斯在南京成立了自己的工作室，这是当地政府推广中国文化计划的一部分。此处修饰名词studio，应用形容词性物主代词his，作定语。故填his。 46．考查连词。句意：为了帮助中外学习者更好地理解汉字，该工作室致力于借助技术手段讲述汉字背后的故事。both...and...“既……又……，两个都”是固定搭配。故填and。 47．考查介词。句意：为了帮助中外学习者更好地理解汉字，该工作室致力于借助技术手段讲述汉字背后的故事。固定搭配concentrate on，意为“专注于”。故填on。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来乐趣，而且让人们更加了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。此处作主语，陈述一般情况，应用动名词，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Watching。 49．考查名词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来乐趣，而且让人们更加了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。此处应用名词impression作宾语，由a可知，应用单数形式，leave sb. a deep impression，意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填impression。 50．考查比较级。句意：在西尔斯等人的不懈努力和政府的支持下，更多的人将充分领略汉字的美。根据上文“With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support”可知，在西尔斯等人的不懈努力和政府的支持下，会有更多人学习汉字，此处应用many的比较级more作定语，修饰people。故填more。 六、阅读理解 （24-25高一上·安徽·期末）If you don’t use it, you lose it. At least, that’s how the old saying goes. It refers to the idea that something that does not get used regularly quickly falls into a state of decline. For example, a hobby that you haven’t done for a few years, like playing the piano. The next time you pick it up, maybe you’ve forgotten altogether! In order to prevent this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp. Well, what about the brain? As we age, our brains can naturally begin to decline (衰退). In some cases, this can lead to certain mental conditions such as dementia (痴呆). However, all is not lost because these days it’s relatively easy to train your brain. Smartphones and apps have put programmes that can test, keep and even improve our memories and a number of other mental abilities. With a little practice every day, we can keep our brains sharp, right? Well, no, actually. According to a report from the Global Council on Brain Health, even though many people think it is beneficial to play some online games that are designed to improve brain health, the evidence of the benefits is “weak to non-existent”. Playing a “brain game” may lead to improvements in game performance, but this has yet to show a convincing result in people’s daily cognitive (认知的) abilities. Don’t lose heart, though. There are other ways to develop the brain. It recommends trying new activities that challenge the way you think and are socially engaging, while leading to a healthy lifestyle. Among their suggestions are practising tai chi, taking photography classes, learning new technologies, gardening, art projects or volunteering. There’s more good news, too. James Goodwin, chief scientist at Age UK, has said that brain decline is not unavoidable. As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”, they can provide benefits for brain health. So, hurry up, get out there and try something new. Maybe it’s time to try that hobby you’ve always wanted to do. 13．Why is playing the piano mentioned in paragraph 1? A．To introduce the topic of brain decline. B．To explain how to keep physically healthy. C．To show the importance of regular exercise. D．To illustrate the meaning of an old saying. 14．What can we infer about the effectiveness of playing online brain games from paragraph 3? A．The benefits are not obvious in terms of daily cognitive abilities. B．Both game performance and cognitive functions are greatly improved. C．Strong and continuous benefits have been proven. D．The evidence of the benefits is weak to non-existent. 15．According to James Goodwin, which of the following does NOT help prevent brain decline? A．Taking part in a new cooking class that teaches techniques unknown before. B．Playing a familiar game that does not demand much thought. C．Participating in a photography course that challenges one’s creative skills. D．Learning a new musical instrument that requires concentration. 16．What is the main idea of the text? A．Regular exercise and a healthy lifestyle are key to keeping the brain healthy. B．Brain decline is natural and unavoidable as people age. C．Online brain games can improve people’s cognitive abilities. D．Engaging in new and challenging activities can benefit brain health. 【答案】13．D 14．A 15．B 16．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了如何通过参与新的具有挑战性的活动来保持大脑健康。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you don’t use it, you lose it. At least, that’s how the old saying goes. It refers to the idea that something that does not get used regularly quickly falls into a state of decline. For example, a hobby that you haven’t done for a few years, like playing the piano. The next time you pick it up, maybe you’ve forgotten altogether! In order to prevent this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp.( 如果你不使用它，你就会失去它。至少，老话是这么说的。它指的是不经常使用的东西很快就会陷入衰退状态。例如，你有几年没有做过的爱好，比如弹钢琴。下次你拿起它的时候，也许你已经完全忘记了！为了防止这种情况，人们经常锻炼以保持他们的技能锋利。)”可知，第一段中提到了长时间不弹钢琴，再次弹奏时可能会完全忘记，是为了说明前面提到的那句老话“If you don’t use it, you lose it.”的意思，即如果不经常使用某样东西，它就会迅速陷入衰退状态。因此，提到弹钢琴的目的是阐释这句老话的含义。故选D项。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Playing a “brain game” may lead to improvements in game performance, but this has yet to show a convincing result in people’s daily cognitive (认知的) abilities.( 玩“脑力游戏”可能会提高游戏表现，但这在人们的日常认知能力方面尚未显示出令人信服的结果。)”可知，玩在线健脑游戏可能会提高游戏表现，但在人们日常认知能力方面的效果并不令人信服，即好处在日常认知能力方面不明显。故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“James Goodwin, chief scientist at Age UK, has said that brain decline is not unavoidable. As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”, they can provide benefits for brain health.( Age UK的首席科学家詹姆斯·古德温(James Goodwin)表示，大脑衰退并非不可避免。只要这些活动“对你来说是新鲜的，需要你集中注意力”，它们就能对大脑健康有益。)”可知，对大脑健康有益的活动是对你来说新的且需要集中注意力的。B 选项 “玩一个不需要太多思考的熟悉游戏”，既不新也不需要集中注意力，不能帮助预防大脑衰退。故选B项。 16．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”, they can provide benefits for brain health. So, hurry up, get out there and try something new. Maybe it’s time to try that hobby you’ve always wanted to do.( 只要这些活动“对你来说是新鲜的，需要你集中注意力”，它们就能对大脑健康有益。所以，快点，走出去，尝试一些新的东西。也许是时候尝试一下你一直想做的爱好了。)”可知，文章主要讨论了如何通过参与新的具有挑战性的活动来保持大脑健康，指出尽管一些人认为在线益智游戏可以改善大脑健康，但证据不足。此外，文章推荐寻求新的活动，挑战思维方式，参与社交，同时养成健康的生活方式，这些都可以为大脑健康带来好处。因此，文章的主旨大意是“参与新的具有挑战性的活动有益于大脑健康”。故选D项。 七、七选五 （24-25高一上·淮北一中·期末）When you look ahead at the year to come, I hope you focus on all the positives, even if the negatives exist, because positive thinking can help you get where you want to go. Positive thinking is not the same as optimism. Being optimistic means believing that everything is going to work out great. But positive thinking is more than that. It’s a mindset or a way of looking at the world and what you do. 21 To think positively, first of all, we need to look at problems, mistakes and failures as normal. Imagine you bomb a big job interview. A negative thinker will be upset by the fact that he didn’t get the job. 22 He will analyze what he did and figure out how to do it better next time. And he’ll also think about what he did well and try to repeat and improve on those successes. This means focusing on the big picture. One trick to positive thinking is to imagine how you’ll think back to things that are happening now. 23 There are bad things that happened last year that you can probably laugh about now. You understand what was a big deal and what was not. Try to do that in the present. 24 A negative thinker will focus on the past, especially past failures. But the past cannot be changed. It’s done and dusted. The future, however, is yet to be written. And that’s where the positive thinker will focus his attention. Positive thinking is a mental habit. It takes practice. Sometimes, we have to remind ourselves to focus on the future and on possibilities. 25 But if you can do it, there are some great payoffs: greater confidence, a better chance of success, better health condition as well as a better quality of life. A．A positive thinker will learn from the experience. B．Negative thinkers will look at failures as end points. C．Positive thinking often means separating the past and the future. D．It’s a belief in possibility, solutions to problems and the big picture. E．Sometimes, it’s hard to learn from our failures or see the big picture. F．We can see the power of positive thinking when it comes to problem-solving. G．You know from experience that the passing of time brings a fresh perspective. 【答案】21．D 22．A 23．G 24．C 25．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是如何进行积极的思考。 21．空前“But positive thinking is more than that. It’s a mindset or a way of looking at the world and what you do.(但积极的思考不止于此。它是一种心态，一种看待世界和你所做事情的方式。)”说明了积极的思考的含义，D选项“It’s a belief in possibility, solutions to problems and the big picture.(这是一种对可能性的信念，对问题的解决方案和大局的信念。)”是对积极的思考的进一步说明，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 22．空前“A negative thinker will be upset by the fact that he didn’t get the job.(消极的思考者会因为没有得到那份工作而心烦意乱。)”说明了消极的思考者会如何做，空后“He will analyze what he did and figure out how to do it better next time. And he’ll also think about what he did well and try to repeat and improve on those successes.(他会分析他所做的，并找出下次如何做得更好。他也会思考自己做得好的地方，并试图在这些成功的基础上重复和改进。)”说明的是另一种人的做法，根据句意可知，这个人的做法很积极，应该说的是积极的思考者，A选项“A positive thinker will learn from the experience.(积极的思考者会从经验中学习。)”说明了积极的思考者会从经验中学习，和前面的消极的思考者的做法形成对比，且引出下文积极思考者的做法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 23．空前“One trick to positive thinking is to imagine how you’ll think back to things that are happening now.(积极思考的一个技巧是想象你将如何回想现在发生的事情。)”说明的是积极思考的一个技巧是回想发生过的事情，也就是从经历过的事情中学习，G选项“You know from experience that the passing of time brings a fresh perspective.(你从经验中知道，时间的流逝会带来新的视角。)”是从经历过的事情中了解到的东西，承接上文，下文“There are bad things that happened last year that you can probably laugh about now. You understand what was a big deal and what was not.(去年发生的一些糟糕的事情，你现在或许可以一笑置之。你知道什么是大事，什么不是。)”举例说明从经验中学习。故选G。 24．空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“A negative thinker will focus on the past, especially past failures. But the past cannot be changed. It’s done and dusted. The future, however, is yet to be written. And that’s where the positive thinker will focus his attention.(消极的思考者会关注过去，尤其是过去的失败。但过去是无法改变的。一切都搞定了。然而，未来还有待书写。这就是积极思考者会集中注意力的地方。)”可知，本段主要讲的是积极的思考者会关注未来，能分开过去和未来，C选项“Positive thinking often means separating the past and the future.(积极的思考通常意味着把过去和未来分开。)”说明了积极的思考会把过去和未来分开，因此概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选C。 25．空前“Sometimes, we have to remind ourselves to focus on the future and on possibility.(有时候，我们必须提醒自己要关注未来和可能性。)”说明了我们必须提醒自己要关注未来和可能性，空后“But if you can do it, there are some great payoffs: greater confidence, a better chance of success, better health condition as well as a better quality of life.(但如果你能做到这一点，就会有很大的回报：更大的信心，更大的成功机会，更好的健康状况以及更好的生活质量。)”说明了如果能做到某事就会有很大的回报，空格处应该说明是什么事情，E选项“Sometimes, it’s hard to learn from our failures or see the big picture.(有时候，我们很难从失败中吸取教训，也很难看到大局。)”说明从失败中吸取教训，看到大局很难，在句式上和空前句子一致，且和后文如果做到这个事情所得到的回报是转折关系，故选E。 （2025·全国一卷）In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. 24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1? A. Ninth graders. B. Students’ parents. C. Modern writers. D. Fictional characters. 25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A. They were not given enough time. B. They had a very limited vocabulary. C. They misunderstood the question. D. They had little interest in the topic. 26. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing. 27. What does the author’s experience show? A. Teaching is learning. B. Still waters run deep. C. Knowledge is power. D. Practice makes perfect. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $分层作业 Unit 4 Natural disasters Period 4 Reading for Writing 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 短语翻译。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 芭蕾俱乐部 ____________ 2. 自然俱乐部 ____________ 3. 志愿者俱乐部 ____________ 4. 辩论俱乐部 ____________ 5. 学习新动作 ____________ 6. 听讲座 ____________ 7. 新闻导语 ____________ 8. 新闻主体段落 ____________ 9. 自然灾害 ____________ 10. 海啸 ____________ 【答案】 1. ballet club 2. nature club 3. volunteer club 4. debate club 5. learn new movements 6. attend a lecture 7. news lead 8. news body 9. natural disasters 10. tsunami 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. We had a heated ____ (辩论) on whether students should be allowed to use smartphones at school. 2. It is not unusual for ____ (青少年) of your generation to be attracted to computer games and online world. 3. Most of the gallery’s ____ (内容) were damaged in the fire. 4. The ____ (志愿者) were working outside the stadium despite the heavy snow. 5. A powerful ____ (地震) caused the huge tsunami in 2004. 6. Huge waves ____ (横扫) villages and coastlines. 7. The bad weather will ____ (阻碍) rescue work. 8. Local ____ (官员) announced the latest death number. 9. Many buildings were ____ (摧毁) by the big waves. 10. Foreign ____ (援助) arrived soon after the disaster. 【答案】 1. debate 2. teenagers 3. contents 4. volunteers 5. earthquake 6. swept 7. block / delay 8. officials 9. destroyed 10. aid 三、单句语法填空。 1. There will be many difficult and ____ (challenge) days ahead. 2. The ____ (confuse) look on her face suggested she was confused ____ the ____ (confuse) instructions. 3. The drunk driver is responsible ____ the accident that happened on a foggy morning. 4. When do you guess he ____ (come) back? 5. The tsunami ____ (cause) by a strong undersea earthquake hit Southeast Asia in 2004. 6. Thousands of people remained ____ (miss) after the big waves. 7. It is hard ____ (deliver) supplies to disaster-hit areas. 8. Roads ____ (damage) in the tsunami made rescue slow. 9. The reporter ____ (write) the news report is Robert Woodhouse. 10. The number of deaths ____ (be) still rising days after the tsunami. 【答案】 1. challenging 2. confused; about; confusing 3. for 4. will come / is coming 5. caused 6. missing 7. to deliver 8. damaged 9. writing 10. was 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. The school ____ helped me ____ the ____ ____: maths, English, ____, world history, and Chinese. 学校的指导老师帮我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。 2. The ____ gained ____ through his consistent efforts and achievements. 这个青少年通过不断的努力和成就获得了信心。 3. ________________________ to think and live independently. 对于大学生来说，独立思考、独立生活是很重要的。 4. 2004年12月26日，一场由强地震引发的海啸袭击了东南亚多国。 On 26 December 2004, a tsunami ____ ____ a powerful earthquake ____ many countries in Southeast Asia. 5. 巨浪卷走了房屋、车辆和海边的游客与渔民。 Huge waves ____ ____ homes, cars, tourists and fishermen along the coasts. 6. 恶劣路况让救援物资很难送达受灾地区。 Broken roads ____ ____ ____ to send food and supplies to affected areas. 7. 上千人失踪，遇难人数预计还会继续上升。 Thousands of people are still missing, and ____ ____ ____ deaths is expected to rise further. 8. 多国迅速组织对外援助，帮助灾后重建。 Many countries quickly ____ ____ foreign aid to help rebuild after the disaster. 9. 这则新闻导语点明了海啸的时间、地点与起因。 The news lead tells readers the ____, ____ and ____ of the tsunami. 10. 写新闻摘要时不需要加入个人主观感受。 When writing a news summary, we should not add ____ ____ feelings. 【答案】 1. adviser; choose; suitable courses; chemistry 2. teenager; confidence 3. It's very important for college students 4. caused by; hit / struck 5. swept away 6. make it difficult 7. the number of 8. organized 9. time; place; cause 10. personal subjective 五、语法填空 （23-24高一上·安徽淮北·期末）Chinese characters are so 41 (amaze) that even many foreigners are crazy about them. For the past three decades, Richard Sears has been focused on one thing: telling many 42 (story) behind Chinese characters. His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972, when he was a 22-year-old physics major in the USA． He built a website in 2002 and named it Chinese Etymology (词源), 43 provides visitors with opportunities to check the development of Chinese characters in a variety of forms for free. Because of this well-received website, he 44 (become) Uncle Hanzi, a nickname (昵称) which was given by Chinese netizens. In September, Sears set up 45 (he) studio in Nanjing as part of the local government’s plan to promote Chinese culture. To help both Chinese 46 foreign learners have a better understanding of Chinese characters, the studio concentrates 47 telling stories behind Chinese characters with the aid of technology. They have made over 60 videos in English with Chinese subtitles for Bilibili, a popular video website among young people. 48 (watch) the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters, leaving them a deep 49 (impress). With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support, 50 (many) people will appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters fully. 【答案】 41．amazing 42．stories 43．which 44．became 45．his 46．and 47．on 48．Watching 49．impression 50．more 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了理查德·西尔斯一直专注于讲述汉字背后故事。 41．考查形容词。句意：汉字是如此神奇，以至于许多外国人都为之疯狂。此处修饰物，表示“惊人的”，应用形容词amazing，作表语。故填amazing。 42．考查名词复数。句意：在过去的三十年里，理查德·西尔斯一直专注于一件事：讲述许多中国汉字背后的故事。由many可知，应用story的复数形式，作宾语。故填stories。 43．考查定语从句。句意：他在2002年建立了一个网站，并将其命名为“汉语词源学”，在这个网站上，访问者可以免费查看各种形式的汉字的发展情况。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a website，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 44．考查动词时态。句意：因为这个广受欢迎的网站，他成了中国网民给他起的绰号“汉字叔叔”。此处在句中作谓语，根据“was given”可知，描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填became。 45．考查代词。句意：今年9月，西尔斯在南京成立了自己的工作室，这是当地政府推广中国文化计划的一部分。此处修饰名词studio，应用形容词性物主代词his，作定语。故填his。 46．考查连词。句意：为了帮助中外学习者更好地理解汉字，该工作室致力于借助技术手段讲述汉字背后的故事。both...and...“既……又……，两个都”是固定搭配。故填and。 47．考查介词。句意：为了帮助中外学习者更好地理解汉字，该工作室致力于借助技术手段讲述汉字背后的故事。固定搭配concentrate on，意为“专注于”。故填on。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来乐趣，而且让人们更加了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。此处作主语，陈述一般情况，应用动名词，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Watching。 49．考查名词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来乐趣，而且让人们更加了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。此处应用名词impression作宾语，由a可知，应用单数形式，leave sb. a deep impression，意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填impression。 50．考查比较级。句意：在西尔斯等人的不懈努力和政府的支持下，更多的人将充分领略汉字的美。根据上文“With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support”可知，在西尔斯等人的不懈努力和政府的支持下，会有更多人学习汉字，此处应用many的比较级more作定语，修饰people。故填more。 六、阅读理解 （24-25高一上·安徽·期末）If you don’t use it, you lose it. At least, that’s how the old saying goes. It refers to the idea that something that does not get used regularly quickly falls into a state of decline. For example, a hobby that you haven’t done for a few years, like playing the piano. The next time you pick it up, maybe you’ve forgotten altogether! In order to prevent this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp. Well, what about the brain? As we age, our brains can naturally begin to decline (衰退). In some cases, this can lead to certain mental conditions such as dementia (痴呆). However, all is not lost because these days it’s relatively easy to train your brain. Smartphones and apps have put programmes that can test, keep and even improve our memories and a number of other mental abilities. With a little practice every day, we can keep our brains sharp, right? Well, no, actually. According to a report from the Global Council on Brain Health, even though many people think it is beneficial to play some online games that are designed to improve brain health, the evidence of the benefits is “weak to non-existent”. Playing a “brain game” may lead to improvements in game performance, but this has yet to show a convincing result in people’s daily cognitive (认知的) abilities. Don’t lose heart, though. There are other ways to develop the brain. It recommends trying new activities that challenge the way you think and are socially engaging, while leading to a healthy lifestyle. Among their suggestions are practising tai chi, taking photography classes, learning new technologies, gardening, art projects or volunteering. There’s more good news, too. James Goodwin, chief scientist at Age UK, has said that brain decline is not unavoidable. As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”, they can provide benefits for brain health. So, hurry up, get out there and try something new. Maybe it’s time to try that hobby you’ve always wanted to do. 13．Why is playing the piano mentioned in paragraph 1? A．To introduce the topic of brain decline. B．To explain how to keep physically healthy. C．To show the importance of regular exercise. D．To illustrate the meaning of an old saying. 14．What can we infer about the effectiveness of playing online brain games from paragraph 3? A．The benefits are not obvious in terms of daily cognitive abilities. B．Both game performance and cognitive functions are greatly improved. C．Strong and continuous benefits have been proven. D．The evidence of the benefits is weak to non-existent. 15．According to James Goodwin, which of the following does NOT help prevent brain decline? A．Taking part in a new cooking class that teaches techniques unknown before. B．Playing a familiar game that does not demand much thought. C．Participating in a photography course that challenges one’s creative skills. D．Learning a new musical instrument that requires concentration. 16．What is the main idea of the text? A．Regular exercise and a healthy lifestyle are key to keeping the brain healthy. B．Brain decline is natural and unavoidable as people age. C．Online brain games can improve people’s cognitive abilities. D．Engaging in new and challenging activities can benefit brain health. 【答案】13．D 14．A 15．B 16．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了如何通过参与新的具有挑战性的活动来保持大脑健康。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you don’t use it, you lose it. At least, that’s how the old saying goes. It refers to the idea that something that does not get used regularly quickly falls into a state of decline. For example, a hobby that you haven’t done for a few years, like playing the piano. The next time you pick it up, maybe you’ve forgotten altogether! In order to prevent this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp.( 如果你不使用它，你就会失去它。至少，老话是这么说的。它指的是不经常使用的东西很快就会陷入衰退状态。例如，你有几年没有做过的爱好，比如弹钢琴。下次你拿起它的时候，也许你已经完全忘记了！为了防止这种情况，人们经常锻炼以保持他们的技能锋利。)”可知，第一段中提到了长时间不弹钢琴，再次弹奏时可能会完全忘记，是为了说明前面提到的那句老话“If you don’t use it, you lose it.”的意思，即如果不经常使用某样东西，它就会迅速陷入衰退状态。因此，提到弹钢琴的目的是阐释这句老话的含义。故选D项。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Playing a “brain game” may lead to improvements in game performance, but this has yet to show a convincing result in people’s daily cognitive (认知的) abilities.( 玩“脑力游戏”可能会提高游戏表现，但这在人们的日常认知能力方面尚未显示出令人信服的结果。)”可知，玩在线健脑游戏可能会提高游戏表现，但在人们日常认知能力方面的效果并不令人信服，即好处在日常认知能力方面不明显。故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“James Goodwin, chief scientist at Age UK, has said that brain decline is not unavoidable. As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”, they can provide benefits for brain health.( Age UK的首席科学家詹姆斯·古德温(James Goodwin)表示，大脑衰退并非不可避免。只要这些活动“对你来说是新鲜的，需要你集中注意力”，它们就能对大脑健康有益。)”可知，对大脑健康有益的活动是对你来说新的且需要集中注意力的。B 选项 “玩一个不需要太多思考的熟悉游戏”，既不新也不需要集中注意力，不能帮助预防大脑衰退。故选B项。 16．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”, they can provide benefits for brain health. So, hurry up, get out there and try something new. Maybe it’s time to try that hobby you’ve always wanted to do.( 只要这些活动“对你来说是新鲜的，需要你集中注意力”，它们就能对大脑健康有益。所以，快点，走出去，尝试一些新的东西。也许是时候尝试一下你一直想做的爱好了。)”可知，文章主要讨论了如何通过参与新的具有挑战性的活动来保持大脑健康，指出尽管一些人认为在线益智游戏可以改善大脑健康，但证据不足。此外，文章推荐寻求新的活动，挑战思维方式，参与社交，同时养成健康的生活方式，这些都可以为大脑健康带来好处。因此，文章的主旨大意是“参与新的具有挑战性的活动有益于大脑健康”。故选D项。 七、七选五 （24-25高一上·淮北一中·期末）When you look ahead at the year to come, I hope you focus on all the positives, even if the negatives exist, because positive thinking can help you get where you want to go. Positive thinking is not the same as optimism. Being optimistic means believing that everything is going to work out great. But positive thinking is more than that. It’s a mindset or a way of looking at the world and what you do. 21 To think positively, first of all, we need to look at problems, mistakes and failures as normal. Imagine you bomb a big job interview. A negative thinker will be upset by the fact that he didn’t get the job. 22 He will analyze what he did and figure out how to do it better next time. And he’ll also think about what he did well and try to repeat and improve on those successes. This means focusing on the big picture. One trick to positive thinking is to imagine how you’ll think back to things that are happening now. 23 There are bad things that happened last year that you can probably laugh about now. You understand what was a big deal and what was not. Try to do that in the present. 24 A negative thinker will focus on the past, especially past failures. But the past cannot be changed. It’s done and dusted. The future, however, is yet to be written. And that’s where the positive thinker will focus his attention. Positive thinking is a mental habit. It takes practice. Sometimes, we have to remind ourselves to focus on the future and on possibilities. 25 But if you can do it, there are some great payoffs: greater confidence, a better chance of success, better health condition as well as a better quality of life. A．A positive thinker will learn from the experience. B．Negative thinkers will look at failures as end points. C．Positive thinking often means separating the past and the future. D．It’s a belief in possibility, solutions to problems and the big picture. E．Sometimes, it’s hard to learn from our failures or see the big picture. F．We can see the power of positive thinking when it comes to problem-solving. G．You know from experience that the passing of time brings a fresh perspective. 【答案】21．D 22．A 23．G 24．C 25．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是如何进行积极的思考。 21．空前“But positive thinking is more than that. It’s a mindset or a way of looking at the world and what you do.(但积极的思考不止于此。它是一种心态，一种看待世界和你所做事情的方式。)”说明了积极的思考的含义，D选项“It’s a belief in possibility, solutions to problems and the big picture.(这是一种对可能性的信念，对问题的解决方案和大局的信念。)”是对积极的思考的进一步说明，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 22．空前“A negative thinker will be upset by the fact that he didn’t get the job.(消极的思考者会因为没有得到那份工作而心烦意乱。)”说明了消极的思考者会如何做，空后“He will analyze what he did and figure out how to do it better next time. And he’ll also think about what he did well and try to repeat and improve on those successes.(他会分析他所做的，并找出下次如何做得更好。他也会思考自己做得好的地方，并试图在这些成功的基础上重复和改进。)”说明的是另一种人的做法，根据句意可知，这个人的做法很积极，应该说的是积极的思考者，A选项“A positive thinker will learn from the experience.(积极的思考者会从经验中学习。)”说明了积极的思考者会从经验中学习，和前面的消极的思考者的做法形成对比，且引出下文积极思考者的做法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 23．空前“One trick to positive thinking is to imagine how you’ll think back to things that are happening now.(积极思考的一个技巧是想象你将如何回想现在发生的事情。)”说明的是积极思考的一个技巧是回想发生过的事情，也就是从经历过的事情中学习，G选项“You know from experience that the passing of time brings a fresh perspective.(你从经验中知道，时间的流逝会带来新的视角。)”是从经历过的事情中了解到的东西，承接上文，下文“There are bad things that happened last year that you can probably laugh about now. You understand what was a big deal and what was not.(去年发生的一些糟糕的事情，你现在或许可以一笑置之。你知道什么是大事，什么不是。)”举例说明从经验中学习。故选G。 24．空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“A negative thinker will focus on the past, especially past failures. But the past cannot be changed. It’s done and dusted. The future, however, is yet to be written. And that’s where the positive thinker will focus his attention.(消极的思考者会关注过去，尤其是过去的失败。但过去是无法改变的。一切都搞定了。然而，未来还有待书写。这就是积极思考者会集中注意力的地方。)”可知，本段主要讲的是积极的思考者会关注未来，能分开过去和未来，C选项“Positive thinking often means separating the past and the future.(积极的思考通常意味着把过去和未来分开。)”说明了积极的思考会把过去和未来分开，因此概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选C。 25．空前“Sometimes, we have to remind ourselves to focus on the future and on possibility.(有时候，我们必须提醒自己要关注未来和可能性。)”说明了我们必须提醒自己要关注未来和可能性，空后“But if you can do it, there are some great payoffs: greater confidence, a better chance of success, better health condition as well as a better quality of life.(但如果你能做到这一点，就会有很大的回报：更大的信心，更大的成功机会，更好的健康状况以及更好的生活质量。)”说明了如果能做到某事就会有很大的回报，空格处应该说明是什么事情，E选项“Sometimes, it’s hard to learn from our failures or see the big picture.(有时候，我们很难从失败中吸取教训，也很难看到大局。)”说明从失败中吸取教训，看到大局很难，在句式上和空前句子一致，且和后文如果做到这个事情所得到的回报是转折关系，故选E。 （2025·全国一卷）In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. 24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1? A. Ninth graders. B. Students’ parents. C. Modern writers. D. Fictional characters. 25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A. They were not given enough time. B. They had a very limited vocabulary. C. They misunderstood the question. D. They had little interest in the topic. 26. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing. 27. What does the author’s experience show? A. Teaching is learning. B. Still waters run deep. C. Knowledge is power. D. Practice makes perfect. 【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。 24.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。 25.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. (大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。 26.词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing (惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。 27.推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teaching is learning (教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。 $