专题04 D 篇阅读理解-备战2027年高考英语名校及联考试题分类专项训练 （浙江专用）

专题04 D篇阅读理解 目录： 1. 2027届浙江省名校新高考研究联盟高三第一次学情诊断英语试题 2. 浙江宁波市北仑中学2026-2027学年高三上学期返校考英语试题 3. 浙江G12名校协作体2026-2027学年高三上学期返校英语测试试题 4. 2027届浙江省强基联盟高三上学期8月返校考英语试题 5. 浙江宁波市镇海中学2026-2027学年高三上学期开学考英语试题 6. 浙江省杭州市学军中学2026-2027学年高三上学期英语试题 7. 浙江杭州第二中学2027届高三年级9月开学适应性检测英语试题 8. 浙江七彩阳光、浙南名校、精诚联盟、金兰教育2026-2027学年高三联考英语试题 9. 浙江A9协作体2026-2027学年暑假返校学情诊断高三英语试题 10. 浙江省浙南名校联盟2026-2027学年高三10月联考英语 限时练习：_________分钟 完成时间： 月 日 【一、2027届浙江省名校新高考研究联盟高三第一次学情诊断英语试题 】 Human well-being depends on the ability to navigate the social world. Such social skill depends on reliable feedback: acts of kindness may be met with gratitude; on other occasions, a misstep brings about a friend’s disapproval and recognition that an apology is needed. These moments are crucial for deepening trust and personal growth. Social life is rarely frictionless, because people are not perfectly in tune with one another. Yet it is precisely through such social friction that relationships deepen and moral understanding develops. Sycophancy (谄媚) is the opposite of this friction. Many users experience this when AI enthusiastically agrees with their ideas or writing. In academic contexts, the consequence may be investing more time in an average idea. But as AI systems are increasingly consulted for guidance about relationships and conflicts, affirmation (肯定) of this kind may shape how people interpret their own actions and their perspectives of others, and in turn, how they respond to conflict and whether they take responsibility when things go wrong. Now imagine a world where people routinely consult a sycophantic AI about interpersonal conflicts or moral dilemmas. They are repeatedly assured that they are right, that others are wrong, and that no apology is needed. Over time, this patterned sycophancy may reshape expectations about what feedback should feel like. Individuals may begin to anticipate the same constant affirmation from real human beings. The cumulative effect is a reduction in tolerance for the very social friction through which accountability, perspective-taking, and growth occur. An AI companion that is always “on your side” may keep users engaged and dependent. But it cannot teach them how to handle real relationships — how to disagree respectfully, repair damaged trust, or accept being wrong. Although AI could be improved to promote long-term personal development, such goals conflict with systems built to maximize user engagement. Challenging users or presenting uncomfortable truths is a sure way to drive them away. This tension raises fundamental ethical questions: Should we prioritize immediate emotional comfort or long-term social health? Who gets to decide? Addressing these challenges will require interdisciplinary collaboration among computer scientists, social scientists, ethicists, and policy makers. 32．What role does social friction play in relationships according to the author? A．It generates positive feedback. B．It guarantees harmonious relationships. C．It causes open disapproval or conflicts. D．It enhances social bonds and moral growth. 33．Which of the following is NOT a consequence of sycophantic AI? A．Misguided judgment about one’s actions. B．Reduced tolerance for interpersonal friction. C．Weakened willingness to take responsibility. D．Increased ability to resolve real-life conflicts. 34．What prevents AI systems from being improved to challenge users? A．Lack of technical capacity. B．Conflicts with commercial interests. C．Unawareness of its potential harm. D．Absence of interdisciplinary collaboration. 35．What is the author’s attitude toward current AI systems? A．Strictly neutral. B．Strongly opposed. C．Cautiously concerned. D．Mildly supportive. 【答案】32．D 33．D 34．B 35．C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了谄媚式人工智能对人类社交能力和社会关系的潜在负面影响，指出这种AI虽然能提供情感安慰，但会削弱人们处理人际摩擦、承担责任和促进道德成长的能力。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet it is precisely through such social friction that relationships deepen and moral understanding develops. (然而，正是通过这种社会摩擦，关系才能加深，对道德的理解才能发展。)”可知，作者认为社会摩擦能够加深人际关系并促进对道德的理解更深刻。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But as AI systems are increasingly consulted for guidance about relationships and conflicts, affirmation (肯定) of this kind may shape how people interpret their own actions and their perspectives of others, and in turn, how they respond to conflict and whether they take responsibility when things go wrong. (但随着人工智能系统被越来越多地用于人际关系和冲突方面的咨询，这种肯定可能会影响人们如何解读自己的行为和他人的观点，进而影响他们如何应对冲突以及在事情出错时是否承担责任。)”可知，谄媚式AI会导致人们对自己的行为判断失误（选项A）和承担责任意愿减弱（选项C）；根据第三段最后一句“The cumulative effect is a reduction in tolerance for the very social friction through which accountability, perspective-taking, and growth occur. (累积效应是对社会摩擦的容忍度降低，而正是通过这种社会摩擦，责任感、换位思考和个人成长才得以发生。)”可知，对人际摩擦容忍度降低（选项B）也是后果之一。“解决现实生活冲突能力的提升”文章没有提及。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Although AI could be improved to promote long-term personal development, such goals conflict with systems built to maximize user engagement. Challenging users or presenting uncomfortable truths is a sure way to drive them away. (虽然AI可以改进以促进长期个人发展，但这样的目标与为最大化用户参与度而构建的系统相冲突。挑战用户或呈现令人不舒服的真相肯定会把他们赶走。)”可知，AI系统无法被改造成挑战用户的模式，是因为这与其追求最大化用户参与度的商业利益相冲突。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。作者在第一段引出话题，指出社交摩擦虽然不可避免，但正是通过这种摩擦，人际关系才能加深、对道德的理解才能发展。第二段指出谄媚式AI会导致人们判断失误、逃避责任，在第三段指出其降低人们对社交摩擦的容忍度，在第四段指出其与商业利益的冲突及伦理困境，并呼吁跨学科合作来解决这些问题，表达了一种“谨慎担忧”的态度。 【二、浙江宁波市北仑中学2026-2027学年高三上学期返校考英语试题】 Wall Street bankers, investors and economists have for months argued over whether a US recession (衰退) is coming. But for some Americans, the unforgiving economic pain typical during recession has already set in. Al Brown and his wife faced a tough call in May when reviewing their weekly budget: what’s a higher priority, more food or dish soap? Based in Concord, North Carolina, Brown was the main breadwinner for his wife and their two children. Then in April, he was let go from his job as a global director of business development at software company Cascade. He’s since quit his gym membership and sold various items around his home, including a computer and yard furniture. His 13-year-old son quit the basketball team. Brown, 37, now spends his days searching the internet for jobs or reaching out to potential connections. After filing over 600 applications, only a handful have produced interviews. That’s a far cry from the labor-market strength described in government figures. Investors and economists have been expecting a recession since last year as the Fed raised interest rates to control inflation (通货膨胀). That caused companies to focus on profitability over growth, which meant cutting spending and reducing their workforces. “I think it’s unlikely that I will get another good paying job with great benefits like the one I had,” McCollum, who lives in Cleveland, Ohio, said. More Americans are likely to encounter similar cases, some experts predict. “As we go through this year, and into next year, there is still going to be this focus on trying to reduce costs, and it is going to result in more unemployment,” said Thomas Simons, a senior economist at Jefferies. “The impact of layoffs, currently concentrated among white-collar workers, will last throughout the economy through a ‘big pullback in overall spending’,” Simons said. “Consumer spending accounts for about two-thirds of economic output, so if more Americans are forced to cut back because they were laid off, that might throw the US economy into a recession.” 32. What are some Americans currently going through? A. They can’t afford necessities of life. B. They’ve lost interest in high-end gyms. C. They are badly treated by their bosses. D. They have difficulty making ends meet. 33. What does the author want to demonstrate through Brown’s job hunting? A. One should try various ways to find a job. B. American labor market is not that friendly to job-seekers. C. Few companies are interested in middle-aged job-hunters. D. The government provides accurate figures of the job market. 34. How do companies deal with the economic struggles? A. By employing more workers. B. By changing interest rates. C. By giving priority to profits. D. By cutting employees’ allowances. 35. Which statement will Thomas Simons probably agree with? A. Laid-off workers tend to go into debt. B. Lower consumption may worsen the current situation. C. Americans will spend more to increase economic output. D. Companies are to blame for the unemployment of white-collar workers. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国正在经历经济衰退，以布朗一家为例说明了其影响。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Wall Street bankers, investors and economists have for months argued over whether a US recession (衰退) is coming. But for some Americans, the unforgiving economic pain typical during recession has already set in.(数月来，华尔街银行家、投资者和经济学家一直在争论美国是否即将陷入衰退。但对一些美国人来说，经济衰退期间典型的无情的经济痛苦已经开始了)”以及后文布朗家生活日渐拮据的例子表明，一些美国人目前正在经历入不敷出。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Brown, 37, now spends his days searching the internet for jobs or reaching out to potential connections. After filing over 600 applications, only a handful have produced interviews. That’s a far cry from the labor-market strength described in government figures.(37岁的布朗现在每天都在网上搜索工作，或者联系潜在的人脉。在提交了600多份申请后，只有少数获得了面试机会。这与政府数据所描述的劳动力市场强劲程度相去甚远)”可知，作者想通过布朗的求职来证明美国劳动力市场对求职者并不那么友好。故选B。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“That caused companies to focus on profitability over growth, which meant cutting spending and reducing their workforces.(这导致企业更关注盈利能力，而不是增长，这意味着削减支出和裁员)”可知，企业优先考虑利润来应对经济困境。故选C。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““As we go through this year, and into next year, there is still going to be this focus on trying to reduce costs, and it is going to result in more unemployment,” said Thomas Simons, a senior economist at Jefferies.(杰富瑞高级经济学家托马斯•西蒙斯表示：“随着今年和明年的过去，人们仍将把重点放在试图降低成本上，这将导致更多的失业。”)”可知，托马斯·西蒙斯可能会同意较低的消费可能会使目前的情况恶化。故选B。 【三、浙江G12名校协作体2026-2027学年高三上学期返校英语测试试题】 You finish a meal, feel completely full, and then someone opens a box of dessert. A moment ago, your body seemed finished with food. Now, suddenly, dessert sounds possible. We usually think of hunger as the only thing that drives eating. In one sense, that’s true. But modern life surrounds us with something that biology did not quite prepare us for: a constant stream of food cues — packaging, bakery windows, delivery photos… A recent study in Appetite studied why we may not be able to avoid overeating when faced with these food cues. For the study, 90 university students rated their current hunger and the desirability of eleven foods and on this basis two foods of equal rating were selected. Halfway through the experiment, they were fed one of the two foods until they no longer wanted more of it. After the meal, participants rated once again and as a result, they rated the food they ate as less desirable and the food showed “devaluation”. So far, this sounds like common sense: If you eat enough potato chips, the chips should become less tempting. If you eat enough brownies, brownies should lose some of their magic. The study confirmed that people themselves reported experiencing this. However, when researchers recorded students’ reward positivity signal in their brain, the results told a different story. The early brain signal did not shrink when participants saw images of the food they had just stuffed themselves with. The mind can “know” that a food is no longer worth pursuing, but a fast and automatic part of the brain still reacts to its cue as though it carries reward. This study helps explain one of the most frustrating aspects of eating. Overeating is not always a simple failure of willpower. It may begin earlier than that, in the split second when a food cue grabs the brain before deliberate control has had time to catch up. This suggests that self-control may not begin by erasing temptation (诱惑), but by overriding it. The first wave of evaluation may still arrive, but later processes can still step in and say no. Seen this way, self-control is not the absence of desire. It is the ability to outlast a signal that the brain continues to generate. 32. What is the modern challenge of eating? A. Wide availability of food. B. Intense biological hunger. C. Mounting emotional pressure. D. Frequent exposure to food signals. 33. What does the underlined word “devaluation” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. A drop in its market price. B. A growing attraction to people. C. A decline in its original appeal. D. A reduction in its daily supply. 34. What is the purpose of paragraph 3? A. To question the study’s findings. B. To introduce a new food experiment. C. To explain the reason behind hunger. D. To reveal the mind-brain contradiction. 35. What can we learn about self-control from the last paragraph? A. It results from the first food evaluation. B. It develops through repeated practice. C. It involves acting against lasting urges. D. It requires getting rid of desire for food. 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了现代环境中频繁的食物线索会触发大脑自动奖赏信号，导致人们难以抗拒诱惑而过度进食，说明自控是抑制而非消除欲望。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But modern life surrounds us with something that biology did not quite prepare us for: a constant stream of food cues — packaging, bakery windows, delivery photos… (但现代生活中充斥着人类生理机制尚未完全适应的事物：源源不断的食物线索——包装、面包店橱窗、外卖照片……)”可知，现代饮食的挑战是频繁接触食物信号。 【33题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“After the meal, participants rated once again and as a result, they rated the food they ate as less desirable and the food showed “devaluation”. So far, this sounds like common sense: If you eat enough potato chips, the chips should become less tempting. If you eat enough brownies, brownies should lose some of their magic. (饭后，参与者再次评分，结果，他们认为他们吃的食物没那么有吸引力，食物显示出devaluation。到目前为止，这听起来像是常识：如果你吃了足够的薯片，薯片应该会变得不那么诱人。如果你吃了足够的布朗尼，布朗尼应该会失去一些魔力。)”可知，devaluation指的是食物变得不那么诱人，食物原有吸引力的下降。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, when researchers recorded students’ reward positivity signal in their brain, the results told a different story. The early brain signal did not shrink when participants saw images of the food they had just stuffed themselves with. The mind can “know” that a food is no longer worth pursuing, but a fast and automatic part of the brain still reacts to its cue as though it carries reward. (然而，当研究人员记录学生大脑中的奖励积极信号时，结果却有所不同。当参与者看到他们刚刚塞满自己的食物的图像时，早期的大脑信号并没有缩小。大脑可以“知道”一种食物不再值得追求，但大脑的一个快速而自动的部分仍然会对它的提示做出反应，就像它带来了奖励一样。)”可知，第三段旨在揭示大脑自动反应与主观认知之间的矛盾。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This suggests that self-control may not begin by erasing temptation (诱惑), but by overriding it. The first wave of evaluation may still arrive, but later processes can still step in and say no. Seen this way, self-control is not the absence of desire. It is the ability to outlast a signal that the brain continues to generate. (这表明，自控可能不是从消除诱惑开始，而是通过克服诱惑来实现。第一波评价可能仍会到来，但稍后的过程仍能介入并说“不”。这样看来，自控不是没有欲望。它是超越大脑持续产生的信号的能力。)”可知，自控涉及在持久的冲动面前采取行动予以抵制。 【四、2027届浙江省强基联盟高三上学期8月返校考英语试题】 When it comes to memorizing a list of words or concepts, writing notes has been the go-to method for a long time. However, recent psychological studies have brought attention to the “drawing effect” — the idea that sketching out information can significantly boost memory. To test this, a research group from the University of Waterloo presented student participants with a list of simple, easily drawn words, such as “apple”. The students were given 40 seconds to either draw the word, or write it out repeatedly. Following a short break, the researchers then asked students to freely recall as many words as possible from the initial list in just 60 seconds. The results were striking: the drawn words were consistently and significantly better recalled than the written ones. To explain why drawing works so well, Jeffrey Wammes, the study’s lead author, noted that it forces the brain to process information using different senses. First, learners must think deeply about a word’s meaning to decide how to draw it. Then, their hands make physical movements to sketch the lines. Finally, they observe the visual image they have just created. “By bringing together word meanings, physical actions, and visual images, drawing builds a much stronger memory than simply writing,” Jeffrey explained. However, the drawing effect might not be a one-size-fits-all solution. Another recent study recruited 91 participants, who were randomly assigned to one of three strategies: drawing, paraphrasing, or writing the definitions. Interestingly, this study found, when they were dealing with difficult tasks, they showed no significant difference in memory performance across the three conditions. Researchers also noted that memory process actually tends to be complex, as it involves an interplay of many factors such as a participant’s working memory, drawing abilities, and prior familiarity with the terms. While drawing is undoubtedly a powerful tool for memorizing simple concepts, it is clearly not a magic pill for all learning situations. Rather than blindly adopting a single method, learners should adjust their study strategies based on the complexity of the task and their personal strengths. 32. What does the underlined word “go-to” in paragraph one mean? A. Random. B. Standard. C. Temporary. D. Complicated. 33. According to Jeffrey, how does drawing enhance memory? A. By increasing visual effect. B. By relieving mental pressure. C. By encouraging deep thinking. D. By engaging multiple channels. 34. The study in paragraph 4 found that the drawing effect declined if ______. A. learners relied on working memory B. participants wrote down definitions C. individuals tackled challenging tasks D. students improved drawing abilities 35. What is the author’s attitude toward the drawing effect? A. Objective. B. Unclear. C. Dismissive. D. Approving. 【答案】32.B 33.D 34.C 35.A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了"画图效应”能提升简单词汇记忆的研究发现及其作用机制，同时指出该效应在复杂任务中存在局限，并非适用于所有学习情境。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。第一段中"writing notes has been the go-to method for a longtime"意为写笔记长期以来一直是人们常用的记忆方法。结合后文提到能显著提升记忆，可推知此处"go-to"表示"常用的、首选的"，与B项Standard(标准的、常用的)意思最接近。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段Jeffrey的解释，画图迫使大脑运用不同感官处理信息:学习者需要思考词义来决定如何画，手部进行绘画动作，最后观察自己创造的视觉图像。他说"By bringing together word meanings, physical actions, and visual images, drawing builds a much stronger memory than simply writing." 图通 调 种信息通道来增强记忆，与D项"通过调动多种渠道"相符。故选D。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。第 段明确指, "when they were dealing with difficult tasks, they showed no significant difference in memory performance across the three conditions."即当参与者处理困难任务时，三种策略的记忆表现没有显著差异，说明画图效应在任务难度加大时会减弱甚至消失。故选C。 【35题详解】 观点态度题。作者既肯定了画图对记忆简单概念的有效性，也在最后一段指出"it is clearly not a magic pill for all learning situations”，并建议学习者根据任务复杂程度和个人优势调整学习策略。可见作者没有片面支持 或否定，而是客观呈现研究的正反两面，态度是客观的。故选A。 【五、浙江宁波市镇海中学2026-2027学年高三上学期开学考英语试题】 Cities are 1-3℃ hotter than surrounding rural areas, a phenomenon called the urban heat island effect. This heat threatens human safety, causing heat exhaustion and even death during extremely hot spells. Urban trees act as natural air conditioners through ground shading and the release of water from leaves, yet their cooling power is distributed unevenly across the globe. Researchers analyzed temperature and tree cover data of nearly 9,000 global cities housing 3.6 billion residents, comparing real urban environments with an imagined situation without any trees. Unlike previous satellite studies measuring overheated building and road surfaces, this research centered on air temperature that directly reflects people’s real experience of heat. The outcome exceeded expectations: trees nearly halve urban heat island warming, cooling most cities by 0.5-1.5℃ and effectively relieving heat pressure for over 200 million people. Cooling effects differ greatly — dry hot cities show obvious temperature differences between leafy and bare lands, while mild temperate (温带的) cities enjoy gentler, more consistent cooling. However, a city’s trees are not spread evenly. They’re often concentrated in wealthier neighbourhoods and suburban areas. Cities in cooler or more humid (湿润的) climates tend to have more. There’s a strong link with wealth. In the United States, lower-income areas average 15% fewer trees than wealthier areas — and are 1.5℃ hotter. This means vulnerable populations who need free cooling from trees the most are often the least likely to receive it. Though low-cost and beneficial to air quality and mental health, trees alone cannot fix urban overheating. Current urban trees only reduce 10% of predicted heat rise under moderate (适度的) climate conditions, and ambitious tree planting can merely raise this proportion to 20%. Therefore, cities must combine targeted tree planting in heat-baked neighborhoods with reflective building materials, green roofs and well-designed airflow plans. All local cooling strategies still depend on deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to slow global climate change and secure comfortable living spaces for future urban residents. 32. How is the new research different from earlier studies? A. It covers more global cities. B. It focuses on building surfaces. C. It tracks actual air temperature. D. It models a treeless environment. 33. What can we learn about tree cooling effects from paragraph 2? A. They change with climate types. B. They match the predicted heat rise. C. They average a 1.5℃ drop globally. D. They work best in low-income cities. 34. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Permanent. B. Uneducated. C. Disadvantaged. D. Urbanized. 35. What does the writer suggest to deal with urban overheating effectively? A. Stopping greenhouse gas release. B. Focusing on low-cost roof projects. C. Adopting multiple measures together. D. Expanding living spaces for the youth. 【答案】32. C 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕城市热岛效应这一现象展开，介绍了全球城市树木降温效果的相关最新研究，剖析了树木降温能力在不同区域分布不均的现实问题，最终指出仅靠树木无法彻底解决城市过热难题，需要结合多种适配的本地降温方案与温室气体减排行动，共同为城市居民打造宜居的生活空间。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike previous satellite studies measuring overheated building and road surfaces, this research centered on air temperature that directly reflects people’s real experience of heat.(与此前针对过热建筑和路面的卫星研究不同，这项研究聚焦于直接反映人们真实受热体验的气温)”可知，这项新研究和早期研究的区别在于它追踪的是实际的空气温度，而非建筑和路面表面温度。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Cooling effects differ greatly — dry hot cities show obvious temperature differences between leafy and bare lands, while mild temperate (温带的) cities enjoy gentler, more consistent cooling.(降温效果差异巨大：干热城市的绿化区域与裸地之间温差明显，而温和的温带城市则能获得更温和、更稳定的降温效果)”可推知，树木的降温效果会随着气候类型的不同发生变化。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“In the United States, lower-income areas average 15% fewer trees than wealthier areas — and are 1.5℃ hotter. This means vulnerable populations who need free cooling from trees the most are often the least likely to receive it.(在美国，低收入区域的树木平均比富裕区域少15%，气温高出1.5℃。这意味着最需要树木提供的免费降温效果的vulnerable群体，往往最无法获得这类资源)”可知，这里vulnerable populations与lower-income对应，描述的是处于不利处境、缺少资源保障的群体，对应“Disadvantaged(弱势的、处境不利的)”的含义。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Therefore, cities must combine targeted tree planting in heat-baked neighborhoods with reflective building materials, green roofs and well-designed airflow plans. All local cooling strategies still depend on deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to slow global climate change and secure comfortable living spaces for future urban residents.(因此，城市必须将在高温社区针对性植树的举措，与反光建筑材料、绿色屋顶以及精心设计的通风方案相结合。所有本地降温策略仍然依赖于温室气体的深度减排，以减缓全球气候变化，并为未来的城市居民提供舒适的生活空间)”可知，作者认为城市必须把针对性种树和反光建材、绿色屋顶、通风规划等手段结合，同时还要减少温室气体排放，由此可推测，作者建议同时采用多种措施协同推进。 【六、浙江省杭州市学军中学2026-2027学年高三上学期英语试题】 Experts are calling for a global effort to identify “positive tipping points” to accelerate the green transition and have devised a method to find them in a new academic paper. A tipping point is a threshold (临界点) where a small change can cause a significant, often irreversible (不可逆转的), transformation. Positive tipping points in human societies and economies can bring about rapid reductions in emissions and other environmental harm, even as climate breakdown becomes increasingly damaging and dangerous. Some positive tipping points are already happening — with solar power and electric vehicles rapidly replacing fossil-fuelled alternatives — but many more are needed to ensure a sustainable future. “The global economy is decarbonising (脱去……的碳) at least five times too slowly to meet the Paris Agreement target of limiting global warming to well below 2℃,” said Professor Tim Lenton, from the Global Systems Institute at the University of Exeter. “The challenge now is to identify potential positive tipping points, and the actions that can bring them forward — while avoiding wishful thinking about their existence, or oversimplification of their nature, drivers and impacts.” The paper sets out a method for identifying positive tipping points, assessing their proximity, identifying the factors that can influence them, and the actions that can lead to them. This includes looking for evidence that a system, or a similar system, has “tipped” in the past. Another factor is whether there is potential for “self-pushing uptake” of zero-or low-carbon behaviors. For example, as more people buy electric cars, the performance, price and infrastructure improve — making it easier for others to follow, and therefore accelerating the transition. “We know positive tipping can happen in sectors such as power and road transport,” said Dr Steve Smith, also from the Global Systems Institute at the University of Exeter. “In other sectors, there is little sign of approaching tipping points and in a few, such as nuclear power and concrete production, we should not expect there to be tipping points at all.” 32. How does the author present the topic in the first paragraph? A. By raising a question. B. By defining a key concept. C. By listing specific data. D. By telling a personal story. 33. What is the current situation of positive tipping points? A. They remain purely theoretical at present. B. They are too slow to affect global warming. C. They have occurred in some areas already. D. They are happening in all economic sectors. 34. What is Dr Steve’s attitude to the tipping points of nuclear power? A. Negative. B. Cautious. C. Optimistic. D. Indifferent. 35. Which can be the best title for the text? A. The Role of Electric Vehicles in Climate Action B. The Way to Decarbonise the Global Economy Rapidly C. Challenges of Reaching Environmental Tipping Points D. Identifying Positive Tipping Points for Green Transition 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍专家提出要寻找“正向临界点”助力绿色转型，阐释其概念、识别方法以及不同领域的现实情况。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A tipping point is a threshold (临界点) where a small change can cause a significant, often irreversible (不可逆转的), transformation.(临界点是一个阈值，微小变化可引发重大且往往不可逆转的转变。)”可知，作者通过对核心概念下定义的方式引出文章话题。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some positive tipping points are already happening — with solar power and electric vehicles rapidly replacing fossil‑fuelled alternatives — but many more are needed to ensure a sustainable future.(一些积极的临界点正在发生 —— 太阳能与电动汽车正在迅速取代化石燃料驱动的同类产品 —— 但还需要更多此类临界点，才能保障一个可持续的未来。)”可知，正向临界点已经在部分领域发生。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“In other sectors, there is little sign of approaching tipping points and in a few, such as nuclear power and concrete production, we should not expect there to be tipping points at all.(在其他行业，几乎没有接近临界点的迹象，而在少数领域，例如核能和混凝土生产，我们压根不应该指望会存在临界点。)”可知，史蒂夫博士认为核能领域不会出现临界点，对此持否定态度。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Experts are calling for a global effort to identify “positive tipping points” to accelerate the green transition and have devised a method to find them in a new academic paper.(专家呼吁全球共同努力识别“正向临界点”以加速绿色转型，并在一篇新学术论文中设计出识别该临界点的方法。)”可知，文章围绕识别绿色转型的正向临界点展开，介绍正向临界点的含义、现实案例、识别方式和各行业的不同现状，因此“Identifying Positive Tipping Points for Green Transition(识别绿色转型的积极临界点)”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。 【七、浙江杭州第二中学2027届高三年级9月开学适应性检测英语试题】 I’ve previously written that artificial intelligence operates differently from the human mind. My idea of anti-intelligence is an attempt to describe that difference more precisely. When people hear the prefix “anti,” they tend to assume opposition or inferiority. However, what we’re encountering in large language models (LLM) is not a weaker form of thinking but a fundamentally different architecture operating behind the same medium. A recent paper in Nature Machine Intelligence notes that LLMs often behave in ways that are strikingly realistic yet remain fundamentally “unhuman” in their underlying structure. The word “unhuman” highlights the strange condition where language similar to human expression comes from a system that has none of those human experiences, while human mind is a system in which meaning arises from our lived experience. When we speak or write, our words carry marks of that experience. The “anti” part of “anti-intelligence” is that LLMs operate without that continuity, but generate sentences through statistical relationships within vast collections of information. Current discussion around AI assumes that humans and machines occupy the same range of intelligence. And then, the debate quickly turns to whether machines will outperform us or when artificial systems might eventually outthink humans. Those questions feel natural because we imagine a single line where intelligence progresses — and where humans and AI sit along points on that single line. But that may be wrong. If AI operates in a different way altogether, the comparison itself becomes misleading. Human cognition brings experience, consequences and judgment into every thought. Artificial systems bring pattern recognition. When these two interact, the results can be productive and even transformative. Scientific progress often begins with what looks like a mistake. The imaginary number “i” once appeared to be a mathematical curiosity before it became essential to modern imaging technologies. In such cases, the discovery did not deny what scientists already understood. It expanded the conceptual space in which that knowledge made sense.Anti-intelligence may represent a similar expansion. What LLMs reveal isn’t that machines have become intelligent in the human sense, but that language itself can now operate within a system that has no mind behind it. 32. What does the author indicate by coining the term “anti-intelligence”? A. It is a weaker version of human thinking. B. It will eventually outperform human intelligence. C. It detects statistical patterns from lived experience. D. It operates without inner processing of the experience. 33. Which of the following best describes the author’s view on the interaction between human cognition and AI? A. Concerned. B. Dismissive. C. Optimistic. D. Reserved. 34. Why does the author mention the imaginary number i in the last paragraph? A. To prove that LLMs are a mathematical curiosity. B. To show that new concepts can expand our understanding. C. To argue that AI will become as essential as modern imaging. D. To illustrate that scientific progress often comes from mistakes. 35. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Anti-intelligence: How LLMs Use Statistics to Generate Feelings B. Anti-intelligence: When Language Operates Independently of Mind C. Anti-intelligence: How Statistical Patterns Replace Lived Experience D. Anti-intelligence: The Risk of Machines Imitating Human Expression 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述作者提出反智能概念，阐释大语言模型脱离人类心智的运行本质。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The “anti” part of “anti-intelligence” is that LLMs operate without that continuity, but generate sentences through statistical relationships within vast collections of information. (“反智能”中的“反”部分在于：大型语言模型在没有这种连续性的情况下运作，而是通过海量信息集合中的统计关系来生成句子。)”可知，反智能指大语言模型运行时没有人类经历这一内在处理过程。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“When these two interact, the results can be productive and even transformative. (当这两者相互作用时，其结果可能富有成效，甚至具有变革性。)”可知，作者认为人类认知与人工智能的互动可以富有成效、甚至具有变革性，说明作者对此持乐观态度。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In such cases, the discovery did not deny what scientists already understood. It expanded the conceptual space in which that knowledge made sense. (在这些情况下，这一发现并没有否定科学家已经理解的东西。它扩展了使那些知识得以成立的概念空间。)”可知，作者提及虚数i是为了说明新概念能够拓展我们的认知。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“What LLMs reveal isn’t that machines have become intelligent in the human sense, but that language itself can now operate within a system that has no mind behind it. (大型语言模型所揭示的，并不是机器已经在人类意义上变得智能，而是语言本身现在可以在一个背后没有心智的系统中运作。)”可知，全文围绕“反智能”的核心内涵展开，最终点明大语言模型揭示了语言可以在无思维支撑的系统中独立运行，B选项“反智能：当语言独立于心智运作”精准覆盖文章核心主旨，适合作为文章的最佳标题。 【八、浙江七彩阳光、浙南名校、精诚联盟、金兰教育2026-2027学年高三联考英语试题】 The caption reads: You live alone and have no friends, so this is how you spend your Friday night. In the video, a woman enters a neat apartment, pours a glass of wine, and relaxes on the sofa, looking peaceful and content. This type of content is created by so-called “loneliness influencers,” who present solitude (独处) as comfort and freedom rather than something to avoid. While being able to enjoy your own company is psychologically healthy, romanticizing friendlessness, isolation (孤独), and loneliness can be problematic. A recent article in The Atlantic provides a glimpse into how these individuals view their peaceful lives, with hashtags like cozy at home and alone not lonely. But there is a catch: social media only captures brief moments, and interpreting isolation as aesthetics (美学) can dilute the significance of belonging and community. Research suggests loneliness is at epidemic levels, with 38% of U. S. adults reporting moderate-to-severe loneliness in 2022. The Surgeon General’s 2023 report concluded that loneliness and social isolation increase the risk for early death, stroke, depression and dementia. Based on the potential negative outcomes, it seems to be anything but romantic or “trendy”. According to Abraham Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs,” love and belonging come immediately after physiological needs and safety needs. Maslow’s theory of human needs dates back to 1943 and has been widely accepted in the psychology field since. To be fair, there have certainly been positive mental health and self-care messages that influencers have helped bring to the mainstream, but sometimes their content unintentionally promotes unhealthy concepts and ideas. We need to look no further than the classic and current research to see that a promotion of loneliness and isolation comes with significant risks, which casts doubt on the beautified portrayal on social media. Our current culture of influencers brings to mind an ancient Latin phrase: caveat emptor, or “let the buyer be cautious.” It is on us as the consumer to determine the quality of a product before purchasing it. Over time, this has become applicable to social media. 32. What does the underlined word “dilute” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Reveal. B. Evaluate. C. Highlight. D. Cheapen. 33. What does the author stress by referring to the “Hierarchy of Needs”? A. The impacts of isolation. B. The significance of psychology. C. The differences of human needs. D. The necessity of social connection. 34. Why does the author mention the Latin phrase? A. To offer a solution. B. To sound a warning. C. To clarify a theory. D. To promote a product. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. The Rise of Influencer Culture B. The Trend of Enjoying Living Alone C. Hidden Risks of Loneliness Aesthetics D. Health Problems Caused by Social Media 【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述社交媒体网红美化独处、渲染孤独美学，作者结合研究与马斯洛需求理论指出其潜藏风险，提醒社交媒体使用者理性辨别相关内容。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“But there is a catch: social media only captures brief moments, and interpreting isolation as aesthetics (美学) can dilute the significance of belonging and community. (但问题在于：社交媒体只捕捉短暂瞬间，把孤独解读为美学，会____归属感与社群的重要意义。)”可知，将孤独包装成美学，会贬低、弱化归属感的价值。所以dilute和Cheapen同义，表示“贬低，降低……价值”。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to Abraham Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs,” love and belonging come immediately after physiological needs and safety needs. (根据亚伯拉罕・马斯洛的需求层次理论，爱与归属感紧随生理需求和安全需求之后。)”可知，作者引用该理论意在说明爱与归属感是人的基本需求，强调社交联系的必要性。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our current culture of influencers brings to mind an ancient Latin phrase: caveat emptor, or “let the buyer be cautious.” It is on us as the consumer to determine the quality of a product before purchasing it. (当下网红文化让人想起一句古老拉丁语：买者自负，即“购买者需谨慎”。作为消费者，我们有责任在购买前判断产品的质量。)”可知，作者借用拉丁语，提醒社交媒体使用者谨慎看待网红内容，起到警示作用。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“While being able to enjoy your own company is psychologically healthy, romanticizing friendlessness, isolation (孤独), and loneliness can be problematic. (虽然能够享受独处在心理上是健康的，但是将没有朋友、与世隔绝以及孤独浪漫化是会产生问题的。)”以及全文论述可知，文章主要探讨社交媒体上孤独美学背后潜藏的风险。C选项“孤独美学背后隐藏的风险”最适合作为标题。 【九、浙江A9协作体2026-2027学年暑假返校学情诊断高三英语试题】 We rarely realize how much medical research depends on animals. However, live animals were used in 2.64 million scientific procedures in the UK in 2024, many of them painful and many of them fatal (致命的). But the government’s new strategy to phase out animal testing suggests that in the near future, emerging technologies can largely replace the use of animals in scientific research. The UK has already taken steps to regulate their use in research. This is welcome, but there are still many widespread practices — such as giving mice tumors to study cancer — which most people would consider acceptable, despite their obvious cruelty. Yet, our human sympathy has a limit. The government will succeed only if it can convince scientists and the public that these trusted experimental methods can be replaced with something as good or better. Organ-on-a-chip systems are already in use, which use lab-grown cells arranged into a mini network that can simulate (模仿) complex body systems. And machine learning systems are skilled at predicting potential toxic effects from medicines. These approaches won’t always provide perfect insight into how a given treatment might work for humans, but of course neither do animal tests. This is an opportunity for both scientific and economic progress. Animal testing isn’t just cruel, it is expensive and time-consuming. But more importantly, there is an urgency to free these animals. Previous governments greatly reduced the number of animals favored by humans such as dogs and horses in experiments. Yet, 95% of lab animals in the UK are mice, birds or fish. Do they not deserve the same consideration? 32. What’s the meaning of the underlined words “phase out” in paragraph 1? A. Expand. B. Continue. C. Examine. D. Stop. 33. What does the research of mice tumors suggest? A. Challenges in fully replacing animal testing. B. Common practices in the past scientific work. C. A desperate need to stop cruel experiments. D. Public awareness of animal suffering issues. 34. What does paragraph three mainly talk about? A. Machine learning outperforms animal testing. B. Alternatives to animal testing are available. C. Chip systems are less reliable than animal tests. D. Organ-on-a-chip systems are widely adopted. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward ending animal testing? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Unconcerned. D. Confused. 【答案】32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了结束动物实验的替代方法。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“But the government’s new strategy to phase out animal testing suggests that in the near future, emerging technologies can largely replace the use of animals in scientific research.(但政府逐步phase out动物实验的新战略表明，在不久的将来，新兴技术能够在很大程度上取代科学研究中对动物的使用。)”可知，政府新出台的战略是关于逐步结束动物实验的，由此可知，划线词词义为Stop“停止”。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This is welcome, but there are still many widespread practices — such as giving mice tumors to study cancer — which most people would consider acceptable, despite their obvious cruelty. Yet, our human sympathy has a limit. The government will succeed only if it can convince scientists and the public that these trusted experimental methods can be replaced with something as good or better.(这固然值得肯定，但依旧存在许多普遍的实验做法 —— 比如给小鼠植入肿瘤来研究癌症 —— 尽管这些做法明显很残忍，大多数人却认为可以接受。然而，人类的同情心是有限度的。政府只有说服科学家和公众，让他们相信这些可靠的实验方法能够被效果相当甚至更优的方案替代，这项政策才会取得成功。)”可知，长期以来，科学家和公众都认为动物实验是值得信赖的，因此不易被取代，除非让公众相信有更好行之有效的替代方法，因此小鼠肿瘤的研究表明了完全取代动物试验的巨大挑战。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Organ-on-a-chip systems are already in use, which use lab-grown cells arranged into a mini network that can simulate (模仿) complex body systems. And machine learning systems are skilled at predicting potential toxic effects from medicines. (器官芯片系统已经投入使用，该系统采用实验室培育的细胞构建成微型网络，能够模拟复杂的人体系统。此外，机器学习系统擅长预测药物潜在的毒性作用。)”可知，器官芯片系统和机器学习系统这两种替代方法是切实可行的，因此本段主要表明动物实验的替代方法是可用的。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This is an opportunity for both scientific and economic progress. Animal testing isn’t just cruel, it is expensive and time-consuming. But more importantly, there is an urgency to free these animals.(这是科学与经济双重进步的机遇。动物实验不仅残忍，而且成本高昂、耗费时间。但更为重要的是，我们迫切需要解救这些实验动物。)”可知，作者对结束动物实验持支持态度。 【十、浙江省浙南名校联盟2026-2027学年高三10月联考英语】 Nearly half of Americans and around 40% of Britons now use smartwatches, smart rings, or phone apps to track their sleep. But are these devices accurate? And do they actually help? A new study published in Nature found a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and biological ageing, which provides a standard to judge whether the sleep-tracking tools work properly. Using data from roughly 500,000 people, researchers discovered that those who slept between 6.4 and 7.8 hours per night showed slower ageing than those who slept either more or less. Sleep trackers promise to help users hit this sweet spot. Most trackers distinguish sleep from wakefulness fairly well. Several studies have compared them to polysomnography (多导睡眠监测) — the gold standard that uses monitors to record eye movements, brain activity and heart rate. A 2024 paper found that three popular wearables agreed with polysomnography about 95% of the time in telling sleep from wakefulness. However, trackers become less reliable when identifying different sleep stages. A good night requires cycling between REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep and several stages of non-REM sleep. Wearables match polysomnography on sleep-stage classification only 50-80% of the time. "That earns a C+ to B+," says Harvard scientist Rebecca Robbins. Yet many devices still include these inaccurate readings in their sleep scores. Despite trackers' shortcomings, most sleep researchers view them positively. They say the devices give them a better, more objective sense of how long they slept. Plus, they do seem to improve sleep habits. In a survey by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine 55% of adults who reported using sleep trackers said they had changed their behaviour after learning from the data. One small study, published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine in 2020, found that wearing a sleep tracker for a week improved self-reported sleep quality. Too much data can have downsides, though. Unlike trying to eat healthily or exercise, putting more thought and effort into sleeping can backfire. As many as 30% of sleep-tracker users report feeling anxious about their data — and that anxiety can feed into a vicious cycle, since concern about poor sleep is itself one of the most common causes of sleepless nights. But sleep data is not worth losing sleep over. There is a simpler alternative: whether you wake up feeling rested is the best indicator of how good your night actually was. 32. What is the key finding of the new study? A. Longer sleep ensures health. B. Sleep duration impacts aging. C. Middle-aged people sleep less. D. Sleep trackers are widely used. 33. What can be inferred about sleep trackers? A. They misjudge sleep stages. B. They match the gold standard. C. They exactly track brain waves. D. They poorly sense wakefulness. 34. What does the author suggest for judging sleep? A. Ignoring sleep data. B. Listening to your body. C. Using simpler devices. D. Relying on trackers' scores. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. New Findings on Sleep Cycles. B. Ways to Judge Sleep Quality. C. Sleep Trackers: Help or Harm? D. Can Sleep Data Cause Anxiety? 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习（科技与健康）。文章围绕睡眠追踪设备（智能手表、智能戒指、手机应用）的准确性和实用性展开讨论。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中"A new study published in Nature found a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and biological ageing"（发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究发现，睡眠时长与生物衰老之间存在 U 型关系）以及"those who slept between 6.4 and 7.8 hours per night showed slower ageing"（每晚睡 6.4 至 7.8 小时的人衰老更慢）可知，该研究的核心发现是睡眠时长影响衰老。B 项"Sleep duration impacts aging"是对原文关系的精准概括转述（impacts 对应 relationship, aging 对应 biological ageing）。故选 B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"However, trackers become less reliable when identifying different sleep stages"（然而，追踪器在识别不同睡眠阶段时变得不太可靠）以及"Wearables match polysomnography on sleep-stage classification only 50-80% of the time"（可穿戴设备在睡眠阶段分类上与多导睡眠监测的匹配度仅为 50-80%）可知，追踪器在判断睡眠阶段方面存在不准确的问题。B 项"它们符合黄金标准"错误，文章说的是追踪器在"区分睡眠与清醒"时与金标准有约 95% 的一致性，但在"睡眠阶段分类"上并非如此。C 项"它们精确追踪脑波"错误，文中未提及；D 项"它们感知清醒状态的能力差"与第二段"fairly well"相悖。故选 A。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句"whether you wake up feeling rested is the best indicator of how good your night actually was"（醒来时是否感到精力充沛是衡量你夜间睡眠质量的最佳指标）可知，作者建议倾听自己的身体感受来判断睡眠质量。A 项"忽视睡眠数据"过于绝对，作者并未建议完全忽视，只是指出数据不值得过度焦虑；C 项"使用更简单的设备"文中未提及；D 项"依赖追踪器的评分"与作者建议相悖。故选 B。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕睡眠追踪设备展开：先说明其追踪睡眠的作用和准确性，再指出其在睡眠阶段识别上的不足，接着说明研究者对其持肯定态度、它确实能改善睡眠习惯，最后指出过多数据可能引发焦虑。全文贯穿"有益"与"有害"两面，故选 C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 D篇阅读理解 目录： 1. 2027届浙江省名校新高考研究联盟高三第一次学情诊断英语试题 2. 浙江宁波市北仑中学2026-2027学年高三上学期返校考英语试题 3. 浙江G12名校协作体2026-2027学年高三上学期返校英语测试试题 4. 2027届浙江省强基联盟高三上学期8月返校考英语试题 5. 浙江宁波市镇海中学2026-2027学年高三上学期开学考英语试题 6. 浙江省杭州市学军中学2026-2027学年高三上学期英语试题 7. 浙江杭州第二中学2027届高三年级9月开学适应性检测英语试题 8. 浙江七彩阳光、浙南名校、精诚联盟、金兰教育2026-2027学年高三联考英语试题 9. 浙江A9协作体2026-2027学年暑假返校学情诊断高三英语试题 10. 浙江省浙南名校联盟2026-2027学年高三10月联考英语 限时练习：_________分钟 完成时间： 月 日 【一、2027届浙江省名校新高考研究联盟高三第一次学情诊断英语试题 】 Human well-being depends on the ability to navigate the social world. Such social skill depends on reliable feedback: acts of kindness may be met with gratitude; on other occasions, a misstep brings about a friend’s disapproval and recognition that an apology is needed. These moments are crucial for deepening trust and personal growth. Social life is rarely frictionless, because people are not perfectly in tune with one another. Yet it is precisely through such social friction that relationships deepen and moral understanding develops. Sycophancy (谄媚) is the opposite of this friction. Many users experience this when AI enthusiastically agrees with their ideas or writing. In academic contexts, the consequence may be investing more time in an average idea. But as AI systems are increasingly consulted for guidance about relationships and conflicts, affirmation (肯定) of this kind may shape how people interpret their own actions and their perspectives of others, and in turn, how they respond to conflict and whether they take responsibility when things go wrong. Now imagine a world where people routinely consult a sycophantic AI about interpersonal conflicts or moral dilemmas. They are repeatedly assured that they are right, that others are wrong, and that no apology is needed. Over time, this patterned sycophancy may reshape expectations about what feedback should feel like. Individuals may begin to anticipate the same constant affirmation from real human beings. The cumulative effect is a reduction in tolerance for the very social friction through which accountability, perspective-taking, and growth occur. An AI companion that is always “on your side” may keep users engaged and dependent. But it cannot teach them how to handle real relationships — how to disagree respectfully, repair damaged trust, or accept being wrong. Although AI could be improved to promote long-term personal development, such goals conflict with systems built to maximize user engagement. Challenging users or presenting uncomfortable truths is a sure way to drive them away. This tension raises fundamental ethical questions: Should we prioritize immediate emotional comfort or long-term social health? Who gets to decide? Addressing these challenges will require interdisciplinary collaboration among computer scientists, social scientists, ethicists, and policy makers. 32．What role does social friction play in relationships according to the author? A．It generates positive feedback. B．It guarantees harmonious relationships. C．It causes open disapproval or conflicts. D．It enhances social bonds and moral growth. 33．Which of the following is NOT a consequence of sycophantic AI? A．Misguided judgment about one’s actions. B．Reduced tolerance for interpersonal friction. C．Weakened willingness to take responsibility. D．Increased ability to resolve real-life conflicts. 34．What prevents AI systems from being improved to challenge users? A．Lack of technical capacity. B．Conflicts with commercial interests. C．Unawareness of its potential harm. D．Absence of interdisciplinary collaboration. 35．What is the author’s attitude toward current AI systems? A．Strictly neutral. B．Strongly opposed. C．Cautiously concerned. D．Mildly supportive. 【二、浙江宁波市北仑中学2026-2027学年高三上学期返校考英语试题】 Wall Street bankers, investors and economists have for months argued over whether a US recession (衰退) is coming. But for some Americans, the unforgiving economic pain typical during recession has already set in. Al Brown and his wife faced a tough call in May when reviewing their weekly budget: what’s a higher priority, more food or dish soap? Based in Concord, North Carolina, Brown was the main breadwinner for his wife and their two children. Then in April, he was let go from his job as a global director of business development at software company Cascade. He’s since quit his gym membership and sold various items around his home, including a computer and yard furniture. His 13-year-old son quit the basketball team. Brown, 37, now spends his days searching the internet for jobs or reaching out to potential connections. After filing over 600 applications, only a handful have produced interviews. That’s a far cry from the labor-market strength described in government figures. Investors and economists have been expecting a recession since last year as the Fed raised interest rates to control inflation (通货膨胀). That caused companies to focus on profitability over growth, which meant cutting spending and reducing their workforces. “I think it’s unlikely that I will get another good paying job with great benefits like the one I had,” McCollum, who lives in Cleveland, Ohio, said. More Americans are likely to encounter similar cases, some experts predict. “As we go through this year, and into next year, there is still going to be this focus on trying to reduce costs, and it is going to result in more unemployment,” said Thomas Simons, a senior economist at Jefferies. “The impact of layoffs, currently concentrated among white-collar workers, will last throughout the economy through a ‘big pullback in overall spending’,” Simons said. “Consumer spending accounts for about two-thirds of economic output, so if more Americans are forced to cut back because they were laid off, that might throw the US economy into a recession.” 32. What are some Americans currently going through? A. They can’t afford necessities of life. B. They’ve lost interest in high-end gyms. C. They are badly treated by their bosses. D. They have difficulty making ends meet. 33. What does the author want to demonstrate through Brown’s job hunting? A. One should try various ways to find a job. B. American labor market is not that friendly to job-seekers. C. Few companies are interested in middle-aged job-hunters. D. The government provides accurate figures of the job market. 34. How do companies deal with the economic struggles? A. By employing more workers. B. By changing interest rates. C. By giving priority to profits. D. By cutting employees’ allowances. 35. Which statement will Thomas Simons probably agree with? A. Laid-off workers tend to go into debt. B. Lower consumption may worsen the current situation. C. Americans will spend more to increase economic output. D. Companies are to blame for the unemployment of white-collar workers. 【三、浙江G12名校协作体2026-2027学年高三上学期返校英语测试试题】 You finish a meal, feel completely full, and then someone opens a box of dessert. A moment ago, your body seemed finished with food. Now, suddenly, dessert sounds possible. We usually think of hunger as the only thing that drives eating. In one sense, that’s true. But modern life surrounds us with something that biology did not quite prepare us for: a constant stream of food cues — packaging, bakery windows, delivery photos… A recent study in Appetite studied why we may not be able to avoid overeating when faced with these food cues. For the study, 90 university students rated their current hunger and the desirability of eleven foods and on this basis two foods of equal rating were selected. Halfway through the experiment, they were fed one of the two foods until they no longer wanted more of it. After the meal, participants rated once again and as a result, they rated the food they ate as less desirable and the food showed “devaluation”. So far, this sounds like common sense: If you eat enough potato chips, the chips should become less tempting. If you eat enough brownies, brownies should lose some of their magic. The study confirmed that people themselves reported experiencing this. However, when researchers recorded students’ reward positivity signal in their brain, the results told a different story. The early brain signal did not shrink when participants saw images of the food they had just stuffed themselves with. The mind can “know” that a food is no longer worth pursuing, but a fast and automatic part of the brain still reacts to its cue as though it carries reward. This study helps explain one of the most frustrating aspects of eating. Overeating is not always a simple failure of willpower. It may begin earlier than that, in the split second when a food cue grabs the brain before deliberate control has had time to catch up. This suggests that self-control may not begin by erasing temptation (诱惑), but by overriding it. The first wave of evaluation may still arrive, but later processes can still step in and say no. Seen this way, self-control is not the absence of desire. It is the ability to outlast a signal that the brain continues to generate. 32. What is the modern challenge of eating? A. Wide availability of food. B. Intense biological hunger. C. Mounting emotional pressure. D. Frequent exposure to food signals. 33. What does the underlined word “devaluation” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. A drop in its market price. B. A growing attraction to people. C. A decline in its original appeal. D. A reduction in its daily supply. 34. What is the purpose of paragraph 3? A. To question the study’s findings. B. To introduce a new food experiment. C. To explain the reason behind hunger. D. To reveal the mind-brain contradiction. 35. What can we learn about self-control from the last paragraph? A. It results from the first food evaluation. B. It develops through repeated practice. C. It involves acting against lasting urges. D. It requires getting rid of desire for food. 【四、2027届浙江省强基联盟高三上学期8月返校考英语试题】 When it comes to memorizing a list of words or concepts, writing notes has been the go-to method for a long time. However, recent psychological studies have brought attention to the “drawing effect” — the idea that sketching out information can significantly boost memory. To test this, a research group from the University of Waterloo presented student participants with a list of simple, easily drawn words, such as “apple”. The students were given 40 seconds to either draw the word, or write it out repeatedly. Following a short break, the researchers then asked students to freely recall as many words as possible from the initial list in just 60 seconds. The results were striking: the drawn words were consistently and significantly better recalled than the written ones. To explain why drawing works so well, Jeffrey Wammes, the study’s lead author, noted that it forces the brain to process information using different senses. First, learners must think deeply about a word’s meaning to decide how to draw it. Then, their hands make physical movements to sketch the lines. Finally, they observe the visual image they have just created. “By bringing together word meanings, physical actions, and visual images, drawing builds a much stronger memory than simply writing,” Jeffrey explained. However, the drawing effect might not be a one-size-fits-all solution. Another recent study recruited 91 participants, who were randomly assigned to one of three strategies: drawing, paraphrasing, or writing the definitions. Interestingly, this study found, when they were dealing with difficult tasks, they showed no significant difference in memory performance across the three conditions. Researchers also noted that memory process actually tends to be complex, as it involves an interplay of many factors such as a participant’s working memory, drawing abilities, and prior familiarity with the terms. While drawing is undoubtedly a powerful tool for memorizing simple concepts, it is clearly not a magic pill for all learning situations. Rather than blindly adopting a single method, learners should adjust their study strategies based on the complexity of the task and their personal strengths. 32. What does the underlined word “go-to” in paragraph one mean? A. Random. B. Standard. C. Temporary. D. Complicated. 33. According to Jeffrey, how does drawing enhance memory? A. By increasing visual effect. B. By relieving mental pressure. C. By encouraging deep thinking. D. By engaging multiple channels. 34. The study in paragraph 4 found that the drawing effect declined if ______. A. learners relied on working memory B. participants wrote down definitions C. individuals tackled challenging tasks D. students improved drawing abilities 35. What is the author’s attitude toward the drawing effect? A. Objective. B. Unclear. C. Dismissive. D. Approving. 【五、浙江宁波市镇海中学2026-2027学年高三上学期开学考英语试题】 Cities are 1-3℃ hotter than surrounding rural areas, a phenomenon called the urban heat island effect. This heat threatens human safety, causing heat exhaustion and even death during extremely hot spells. Urban trees act as natural air conditioners through ground shading and the release of water from leaves, yet their cooling power is distributed unevenly across the globe. Researchers analyzed temperature and tree cover data of nearly 9,000 global cities housing 3.6 billion residents, comparing real urban environments with an imagined situation without any trees. Unlike previous satellite studies measuring overheated building and road surfaces, this research centered on air temperature that directly reflects people’s real experience of heat. The outcome exceeded expectations: trees nearly halve urban heat island warming, cooling most cities by 0.5-1.5℃ and effectively relieving heat pressure for over 200 million people. Cooling effects differ greatly — dry hot cities show obvious temperature differences between leafy and bare lands, while mild temperate (温带的) cities enjoy gentler, more consistent cooling. However, a city’s trees are not spread evenly. They’re often concentrated in wealthier neighbourhoods and suburban areas. Cities in cooler or more humid (湿润的) climates tend to have more. There’s a strong link with wealth. In the United States, lower-income areas average 15% fewer trees than wealthier areas — and are 1.5℃ hotter. This means vulnerable populations who need free cooling from trees the most are often the least likely to receive it. Though low-cost and beneficial to air quality and mental health, trees alone cannot fix urban overheating. Current urban trees only reduce 10% of predicted heat rise under moderate (适度的) climate conditions, and ambitious tree planting can merely raise this proportion to 20%. Therefore, cities must combine targeted tree planting in heat-baked neighborhoods with reflective building materials, green roofs and well-designed airflow plans. All local cooling strategies still depend on deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to slow global climate change and secure comfortable living spaces for future urban residents. 32. How is the new research different from earlier studies? A. It covers more global cities. B. It focuses on building surfaces. C. It tracks actual air temperature. D. It models a treeless environment. 33. What can we learn about tree cooling effects from paragraph 2? A. They change with climate types. B. They match the predicted heat rise. C. They average a 1.5℃ drop globally. D. They work best in low-income cities. 34. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Permanent. B. Uneducated. C. Disadvantaged. D. Urbanized. 35. What does the writer suggest to deal with urban overheating effectively? A. Stopping greenhouse gas release. B. Focusing on low-cost roof projects. C. Adopting multiple measures together. D. Expanding living spaces for the youth. 【六、浙江省杭州市学军中学2026-2027学年高三上学期英语试题】 Experts are calling for a global effort to identify “positive tipping points” to accelerate the green transition and have devised a method to find them in a new academic paper. A tipping point is a threshold (临界点) where a small change can cause a significant, often irreversible (不可逆转的), transformation. Positive tipping points in human societies and economies can bring about rapid reductions in emissions and other environmental harm, even as climate breakdown becomes increasingly damaging and dangerous. Some positive tipping points are already happening — with solar power and electric vehicles rapidly replacing fossil-fuelled alternatives — but many more are needed to ensure a sustainable future. “The global economy is decarbonising (脱去……的碳) at least five times too slowly to meet the Paris Agreement target of limiting global warming to well below 2℃,” said Professor Tim Lenton, from the Global Systems Institute at the University of Exeter. “The challenge now is to identify potential positive tipping points, and the actions that can bring them forward — while avoiding wishful thinking about their existence, or oversimplification of their nature, drivers and impacts.” The paper sets out a method for identifying positive tipping points, assessing their proximity, identifying the factors that can influence them, and the actions that can lead to them. This includes looking for evidence that a system, or a similar system, has “tipped” in the past. Another factor is whether there is potential for “self-pushing uptake” of zero-or low-carbon behaviors. For example, as more people buy electric cars, the performance, price and infrastructure improve — making it easier for others to follow, and therefore accelerating the transition. “We know positive tipping can happen in sectors such as power and road transport,” said Dr Steve Smith, also from the Global Systems Institute at the University of Exeter. “In other sectors, there is little sign of approaching tipping points and in a few, such as nuclear power and concrete production, we should not expect there to be tipping points at all.” 32. How does the author present the topic in the first paragraph? A. By raising a question. B. By defining a key concept. C. By listing specific data. D. By telling a personal story. 33. What is the current situation of positive tipping points? A. They remain purely theoretical at present. B. They are too slow to affect global warming. C. They have occurred in some areas already. D. They are happening in all economic sectors. 34. What is Dr Steve’s attitude to the tipping points of nuclear power? A. Negative. B. Cautious. C. Optimistic. D. Indifferent. 35. Which can be the best title for the text? A. The Role of Electric Vehicles in Climate Action B. The Way to Decarbonise the Global Economy Rapidly C. Challenges of Reaching Environmental Tipping Points D. Identifying Positive Tipping Points for Green Transition 【七、浙江杭州第二中学2027届高三年级9月开学适应性检测英语试题】 I’ve previously written that artificial intelligence operates differently from the human mind. My idea of anti-intelligence is an attempt to describe that difference more precisely. When people hear the prefix “anti,” they tend to assume opposition or inferiority. However, what we’re encountering in large language models (LLM) is not a weaker form of thinking but a fundamentally different architecture operating behind the same medium. A recent paper in Nature Machine Intelligence notes that LLMs often behave in ways that are strikingly realistic yet remain fundamentally “unhuman” in their underlying structure. The word “unhuman” highlights the strange condition where language similar to human expression comes from a system that has none of those human experiences, while human mind is a system in which meaning arises from our lived experience. When we speak or write, our words carry marks of that experience. The “anti” part of “anti-intelligence” is that LLMs operate without that continuity, but generate sentences through statistical relationships within vast collections of information. Current discussion around AI assumes that humans and machines occupy the same range of intelligence. And then, the debate quickly turns to whether machines will outperform us or when artificial systems might eventually outthink humans. Those questions feel natural because we imagine a single line where intelligence progresses — and where humans and AI sit along points on that single line. But that may be wrong. If AI operates in a different way altogether, the comparison itself becomes misleading. Human cognition brings experience, consequences and judgment into every thought. Artificial systems bring pattern recognition. When these two interact, the results can be productive and even transformative. Scientific progress often begins with what looks like a mistake. The imaginary number “i” once appeared to be a mathematical curiosity before it became essential to modern imaging technologies. In such cases, the discovery did not deny what scientists already understood. It expanded the conceptual space in which that knowledge made sense.Anti-intelligence may represent a similar expansion. What LLMs reveal isn’t that machines have become intelligent in the human sense, but that language itself can now operate within a system that has no mind behind it. 32. What does the author indicate by coining the term “anti-intelligence”? A. It is a weaker version of human thinking. B. It will eventually outperform human intelligence. C. It detects statistical patterns from lived experience. D. It operates without inner processing of the experience. 33. Which of the following best describes the author’s view on the interaction between human cognition and AI? A. Concerned. B. Dismissive. C. Optimistic. D. Reserved. 34. Why does the author mention the imaginary number i in the last paragraph? A. To prove that LLMs are a mathematical curiosity. B. To show that new concepts can expand our understanding. C. To argue that AI will become as essential as modern imaging. D. To illustrate that scientific progress often comes from mistakes. 35. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Anti-intelligence: How LLMs Use Statistics to Generate Feelings B. Anti-intelligence: When Language Operates Independently of Mind C. Anti-intelligence: How Statistical Patterns Replace Lived Experience D. Anti-intelligence: The Risk of Machines Imitating Human Expression 【八、浙江七彩阳光、浙南名校、精诚联盟、金兰教育2026-2027学年高三联考英语试题】 The caption reads: You live alone and have no friends, so this is how you spend your Friday night. In the video, a woman enters a neat apartment, pours a glass of wine, and relaxes on the sofa, looking peaceful and content. This type of content is created by so-called “loneliness influencers,” who present solitude (独处) as comfort and freedom rather than something to avoid. While being able to enjoy your own company is psychologically healthy, romanticizing friendlessness, isolation (孤独), and loneliness can be problematic. A recent article in The Atlantic provides a glimpse into how these individuals view their peaceful lives, with hashtags like cozy at home and alone not lonely. But there is a catch: social media only captures brief moments, and interpreting isolation as aesthetics (美学) can dilute the significance of belonging and community. Research suggests loneliness is at epidemic levels, with 38% of U. S. adults reporting moderate-to-severe loneliness in 2022. The Surgeon General’s 2023 report concluded that loneliness and social isolation increase the risk for early death, stroke, depression and dementia. Based on the potential negative outcomes, it seems to be anything but romantic or “trendy”. According to Abraham Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs,” love and belonging come immediately after physiological needs and safety needs. Maslow’s theory of human needs dates back to 1943 and has been widely accepted in the psychology field since. To be fair, there have certainly been positive mental health and self-care messages that influencers have helped bring to the mainstream, but sometimes their content unintentionally promotes unhealthy concepts and ideas. We need to look no further than the classic and current research to see that a promotion of loneliness and isolation comes with significant risks, which casts doubt on the beautified portrayal on social media. Our current culture of influencers brings to mind an ancient Latin phrase: caveat emptor, or “let the buyer be cautious.” It is on us as the consumer to determine the quality of a product before purchasing it. Over time, this has become applicable to social media. 32. What does the underlined word “dilute” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Reveal. B. Evaluate. C. Highlight. D. Cheapen. 33. What does the author stress by referring to the “Hierarchy of Needs”? A. The impacts of isolation. B. The significance of psychology. C. The differences of human needs. D. The necessity of social connection. 34. Why does the author mention the Latin phrase? A. To offer a solution. B. To sound a warning. C. To clarify a theory. D. To promote a product. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. The Rise of Influencer Culture B. The Trend of Enjoying Living Alone C. Hidden Risks of Loneliness Aesthetics D. Health Problems Caused by Social Media 【九、浙江A9协作体2026-2027学年暑假返校学情诊断高三英语试题】 We rarely realize how much medical research depends on animals. However, live animals were used in 2.64 million scientific procedures in the UK in 2024, many of them painful and many of them fatal (致命的). But the government’s new strategy to phase out animal testing suggests that in the near future, emerging technologies can largely replace the use of animals in scientific research. The UK has already taken steps to regulate their use in research. This is welcome, but there are still many widespread practices — such as giving mice tumors to study cancer — which most people would consider acceptable, despite their obvious cruelty. Yet, our human sympathy has a limit. The government will succeed only if it can convince scientists and the public that these trusted experimental methods can be replaced with something as good or better. Organ-on-a-chip systems are already in use, which use lab-grown cells arranged into a mini network that can simulate (模仿) complex body systems. And machine learning systems are skilled at predicting potential toxic effects from medicines. These approaches won’t always provide perfect insight into how a given treatment might work for humans, but of course neither do animal tests. This is an opportunity for both scientific and economic progress. Animal testing isn’t just cruel, it is expensive and time-consuming. But more importantly, there is an urgency to free these animals. Previous governments greatly reduced the number of animals favored by humans such as dogs and horses in experiments. Yet, 95% of lab animals in the UK are mice, birds or fish. Do they not deserve the same consideration? 32. What’s the meaning of the underlined words “phase out” in paragraph 1? A. Expand. B. Continue. C. Examine. D. Stop. 33. What does the research of mice tumors suggest? A. Challenges in fully replacing animal testing. B. Common practices in the past scientific work. C. A desperate need to stop cruel experiments. D. Public awareness of animal suffering issues. 34. What does paragraph three mainly talk about? A. Machine learning outperforms animal testing. B. Alternatives to animal testing are available. C. Chip systems are less reliable than animal tests. D. Organ-on-a-chip systems are widely adopted. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward ending animal testing? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Unconcerned. D. Confused. 【十、浙江省浙南名校联盟2026-2027学年高三10月联考英语】 Nearly half of Americans and around 40% of Britons now use smartwatches, smart rings, or phone apps to track their sleep. But are these devices accurate? And do they actually help? A new study published in Nature found a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and biological ageing, which provides a standard to judge whether the sleep-tracking tools work properly. Using data from roughly 500,000 people, researchers discovered that those who slept between 6.4 and 7.8 hours per night showed slower ageing than those who slept either more or less. Sleep trackers promise to help users hit this sweet spot. Most trackers distinguish sleep from wakefulness fairly well. Several studies have compared them to polysomnography (多导睡眠监测) — the gold standard that uses monitors to record eye movements, brain activity and heart rate. A 2024 paper found that three popular wearables agreed with polysomnography about 95% of the time in telling sleep from wakefulness. However, trackers become less reliable when identifying different sleep stages. A good night requires cycling between REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep and several stages of non-REM sleep. Wearables match polysomnography on sleep-stage classification only 50-80% of the time. "That earns a C+ to B+," says Harvard scientist Rebecca Robbins. Yet many devices still include these inaccurate readings in their sleep scores. Despite trackers' shortcomings, most sleep researchers view them positively. They say the devices give them a better, more objective sense of how long they slept. Plus, they do seem to improve sleep habits. In a survey by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine 55% of adults who reported using sleep trackers said they had changed their behaviour after learning from the data. One small study, published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine in 2020, found that wearing a sleep tracker for a week improved self-reported sleep quality. Too much data can have downsides, though. Unlike trying to eat healthily or exercise, putting more thought and effort into sleeping can backfire. As many as 30% of sleep-tracker users report feeling anxious about their data — and that anxiety can feed into a vicious cycle, since concern about poor sleep is itself one of the most common causes of sleepless nights. But sleep data is not worth losing sleep over. There is a simpler alternative: whether you wake up feeling rested is the best indicator of how good your night actually was. 32. What is the key finding of the new study? A. Longer sleep ensures health. B. Sleep duration impacts aging. C. Middle-aged people sleep less. D. Sleep trackers are widely used. 33. What can be inferred about sleep trackers? A. They misjudge sleep stages. B. They match the gold standard. C. They exactly track brain waves. D. They poorly sense wakefulness. 34. What does the author suggest for judging sleep? A. Ignoring sleep data. B. Listening to your body. C. Using simpler devices. D. Relying on trackers' scores. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. New Findings on Sleep Cycles. B. Ways to Judge Sleep Quality. C. Sleep Trackers: Help or Harm? D. Can Sleep Data Cause Anxiety? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $