2026-2027学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第二册 Unit 3 Fit for life 词汇精讲课件

Unit 3 Fit for life 词汇精讲 1 surgeon /ˈsɜːdʒən/ n. 外科医生 派生词 surgery n. 外科；手术 surgical adj. 外科的 surgeon 派生词：surgically adv. 例句 The surgeon performed the operation successfully. 考点 cardiac surgeon 心脏外科医生 brain surgeon 脑外科医生 2 physician /fɪˈzɪʃn/ n. 医师，内科医生 派生词 physics n. 物理学 physical adj. 身体的；物理的 physically adv. 身体上 例句 The physician advised him to rest for a week. 考点 chief physician 主任医师 psychiatric physician 精神科医生 3 chemist /ˈkemɪst/ n. 药剂师；药商；化学家 派生词 chemistry n. 化学 chemical adj. 化学的 n. 化学品 chemically adv. 化学上 例句 The chemist gave me some medicine for my cold. 考点 chemist's shop 药店 chemical reaction 化学反应 4 dentist /ˈdentɪst/ n. 牙科医生 派生词 dental adj. 牙齿的；牙科的 dentistry n. 牙科学 例句 I need to go to the dentist for a check-up. 考点 dental care 牙齿护理 dental surgery 牙科手术 5 specialise /ˈspeʃəlaɪz/ vi. 专门研究（或从事），专攻 派生词 specialist n. 专家 special adj. 特殊的 speciality n. 专业；特产 例句 She specialises in children's diseases. 考点 specialise in 专攻…… a specialist in……方面的专家 6 gene /dʒiːn/ n. 基因 派生词 genetic adj. 遗传的；基因的 genetics n. 遗传学 genetically adv. 基因上 例句 The gene for breast cancer has been discovered. 考点 genetic engineering 基因工程 genetically modified 转基因的 7 game-changing /ˈɡeɪm tʃeɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 改变游戏规则的；彻底改变事态发展的 词组 短语：game-changer n. 改变局面的人/事物 change the game 改变格局 例句 This discovery is game-changing for cancer treatment. 考点 game-changing technology 颠覆性技术 a game-changer 具有重大影响的事物 8 genome /ˈdʒiːnəʊm/ n. 基因组，染色体组 派生词 genomic adj. 基因组的 genome sequencing 基因组测序 例句 The human genome project was completed in 2003. 考点 human genome 人类基因组 genome editing 基因编辑 9 cell /sel/ n. 细胞 派生词 cellular adj. 细胞的 cell division 细胞分裂 stem cell 干细胞 例句 All living things are made of cells. 考点 stem cell 干细胞 blood cell 血细胞 cell membrane 细胞膜 10 being /ˈbiːɪŋ/ n. 生物；存在；身心 派生词 human being 人类 come into being 形成；产生 being from 出身于 例句 Every living being needs water to survive. 考点 human being 人类 come into being 形成 a human being 一个人 11 lifespan /ˈlaɪfspæn/ n. 寿命，有效期 派生词 life expectancy 预期寿命 extend the lifespan 延长寿命 例句 The average lifespan in China has increased. 考点 average lifespan 平均寿命 extend lifespan 延长寿命 12 affect /əˈfekt/ vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动 派生词 effect n. 影响；效果 affection n. 喜爱 affectionate adj. 深情的 例句 Smoking can affect your health seriously. 考点 affect = have an effect on 影响 be affected by 受……影响 side effect 副作用 13 contract /kənˈtrækt/ vt. /ˈkɒntrækt/ n. vt. & n. 感染（疾病）；与……订立合同；合同，契约 派生词 contractual adj. 合同的 sign a contract 签合同 contract with 与……签约 例句 He contracted a fever after the trip. 考点 contract a disease 感染疾病 sign a contract 签合同 under contract 按合同 14 virus /ˈvaɪrəs/ n. 病毒；计算机程序中的病毒 派生词 viral adj. 病毒的；病毒式传播的 virus infection 病毒感染 例句 The flu virus spreads quickly in winter. 考点 computer virus 计算机病毒 viral infection 病毒感染 viral video 病毒视频 15 cancer /ˈkænsə(r)/ n. 癌症，恶性瘤 派生词 cancerous adj. 癌的 cancer research 癌症研究 lung cancer 肺癌 例句 Lung cancer is mainly caused by smoking. 考点 lung/breast cancer 肺/乳腺癌 cancer patient 癌症患者 die of cancer 死于癌症 16 identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；认识到 派生词 identification n. 鉴定；身份证明 identity n. 身份 identical adj. 完全相同的 例句 Scientists have identified the gene responsible. 考点 identify...as... 把……认定为 identify with 认同 identity card 身份证 17 relate /rɪˈleɪt/ vi. & vt. 联系；使有联系；叙述，讲述 派生词 relation n. 关系 relationship n. 关系 related adj. 相关的 relatives n. 亲戚 例句 I can't relate what he does to what he says. 考点 relate to 与……有关；理解 be related to 与……相关 in relation to 关于 18 means /miːnz/ n. (pl. means) 方法，方式；财富，钱财 派生词 mean vt. 意思是；意味着 meaning n. 意思 meaningful adj. 有意义的 例句 The phone is a means of communication. 考点 by means of 借助于 by no means 决不 by all means 当然可以 19 delete /dɪˈliːt/ vt. 删除，删去 派生词 deletion n. 删除 delete key 删除键 例句 Please delete this file from your computer. 考点 delete...from... 从……删除 delete all 全部删除 20 restore /rɪˈstɔː(r)/ vt. 恢复；修复；使复原 派生词 restoration n. 恢复；修复 restorative adj. 恢复的 例句 The doctor restored him to health. 考点 restore order 恢复秩序 restore confidence 恢复信心 restore to health 恢复健康 21 ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ adv. 最终；根本上 派生词 ultimate adj. 最终的；根本的 ultimate goal 最终目标 例句 Ultimately, your health is your own responsibility. 考点 ultimate success 最终成功 ultimately = in the end 最终 22 abnormal /æbˈnɔːml/ adj. 反常的，畸形的 派生词 normal adj. 正常的 normally adv. 正常地 abnormally adv. 反常地 例句 The test results showed abnormal cells. 考点 abnormal behavior 反常行为 abnormal weather 异常天气 23 weapon /ˈwepən/ n. 武器，兵器 派生词 nuclear weapon 核武器 chemical weapon 化学武器 例句 Guns are dangerous weapons. 考点 nuclear weapon 核武器 weapon of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器 24 fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ adj. & n. 十分重要的，根本的，基本的；基本规律 派生词 fundamentally adv. 根本地 fundamentals n. 基本原则 例句 Reading is a fundamental skill for students. 考点 be fundamental to 对……至关重要 fundamental difference 根本差异 25 pace /peɪs/ n. & vi. 速度，节奏；步伐；来回踱步 派生词 keep pace with 跟上 at a slow pace 以缓慢速度 pace up and down 来回踱步 例句 She walked at a fast pace. 考点 keep pace with 跟上…… at the pace of 以……速度 set the pace 定速度 26 arise /əˈraɪz/ vi. (arose, arisen) 发生，出现；（由……）引起 派生词 arose (过去式) arisen (过去分词) rise vi. 上升；升起 例句 Problems may arise during the experiment. 考点 arise from/out of 由……引起 problems arise 出现问题 27 restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/ vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍 派生词 restriction n. 限制 restricted adj. 受限制的 restrictive adj. 限制性的 例句 The hospital restricts visiting hours. 考点 restrict...to... 把……限制在…… speed restriction 速度限制 28 prohibit /prəˈhɪbɪt/ vt. （尤指以法律）禁止；使不可能 派生词 prohibition n. 禁止 prohibited adj. 被禁止的 例句 Smoking is prohibited in public places. 考点 prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事 prohibit doing sth 禁止做某事 29 resistance /rɪˈzɪstəns/ n. 抵抗，抵制；反对 派生词 resist vt. 抵抗 resistant adj. 抵抗的 antibiotic resistance 耐药性 例句 The bacteria developed resistance to the drug. 考点 resistance to 对……的抵抗 drug resistance 耐药性 30 flu /fluː/ n. 流行性感冒，流感 派生词 flu vaccine 流感疫苗 catch the flu 患流感 例句 She's in bed with flu. 考点 catch/have the flu 患流感 flu virus 流感病毒 flu shot 流感疫苗 31 characteristic /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/ n. & adj. 特征，特点；典型的，独特的 派生词 character n. 性格；角色 characterize vt. 以……为特征 例句 What are the characteristics of this disease? 考点 a characteristic of ……的特征 be characteristic of 是……的特点 32 wrestle /ˈresl/ vi. & vt. 奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 派生词 wrestler n. 摔跤运动员 wrestling n. 摔跤运动 例句 He wrestled with the problem for hours. 考点 wrestle with 努力解决 wrestle with a decision 反复斟酌 33 put sth in place /pʊt ɪn pleɪs/ phr. 准备就绪；安排妥当 词组 短语：in place 在适当位置； out of place 不合适 take place 发生 例句 The new safety measures are now in place. 考点 put a plan in place 落实计划 have everything in place 一切就绪 34 debate /dɪˈbeɪt/ vi. & vt. & n. 讨论，辩论；仔细考虑；辩论 派生词 debater n. 辩论者 under debate 在讨论中 例句 The treatment is still under debate. 考点 debate about/on 关于……的辩论 under debate 在讨论中 have a debate 进行辩论 35 without doubt /wɪˈðaʊt daʊt/ phr. 毫无疑问 词组 短语：doubt n. & vt. 怀疑 no doubt 很可能 beyond doubt 无疑 例句 This is without doubt the best medicine. 考点 without doubt 毫无疑问 no doubt 很可能 in doubt 不确定 36 finding /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ n. 调查发现，调研结果 派生词 find vt. 找到 findings pl. 研究结果 research findings 研究结果 例句 The findings of the study are surprising. 考点 research findings 研究结果 key findings 主要发现 37 ripe /raɪp/ adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的 派生词 ripen v. 成熟 ripeness n. 成熟 例句 The apples are ripe and ready to eat. 考点 ripe for 时机成熟 a ripe old age 高龄 38 withdraw /wɪðˈdrɔː/ vt. & vi. (withdrew, withdrawn) （使）撤离；退出；不与人交往 派生词 withdrawal n. 撤退；提款 withdrew (过去式) withdrawn (过去分词) 例句 He withdrew from the competition. 考点 withdraw from 退出…… withdraw money 取钱 39 equip /ɪˈkwɪp/ vt. 装备；使有能力 派生词 equipment n. 设备（不可数） be equipped with 配备有 例句 The lab is equipped with advanced machines. 考点 equip...with... 用……装备 be equipped for 为……做好准备 a piece of equipment 一件设备 40 artificial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 人工的，人造的；人为的，虚假的 派生词 artificially adv. 人工地 artificial intelligence 人工智能 例句 Artificial organs can save many lives. 考点 artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能 artificial limb 假肢 artificial light 人造光 41 limb /lɪm/ n. 肢，臂，腿 派生词 artificial limb 假肢 lower/upper limb 下/上肢 例句 He lost a limb in the accident. 考点 lower limb 下肢 artificial limb 假肢 42 rubber /ˈrʌbə(r)/ n. 橡胶；橡皮 派生词 rubber band 橡皮筋 rubber gloves 橡胶手套 例句 The tires are made of rubber. 考点 rubber tree 橡胶树 rubber gloves 橡胶手套 43 outgoing /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ adj. 外向的 派生词 go out 出去 outgoing personality 外向性格 例句 She's very outgoing and makes friends easily. 考点 outgoing personality 外向性格 44 grateful /ˈɡreɪtfl/ adj. 感激的，表示感谢的 派生词 gratitude n. 感激 be grateful to sb for sth 因某事感激某人 例句 I am grateful to you for your help. 考点 be grateful to sb for sth 因某事感激某人 grateful = thankful 感激的 45 disabled /dɪsˈeɪbld/ adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的 派生词 disable vt. 使残疾 the disabled 残疾人（总称） disability n. 残疾 例句 The hotel has access for disabled people. 考点 the disabled 残疾人 disabled person 残疾人 46 disability /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/ n. 缺陷，障碍 派生词 disable vt. 使丧失能力 disabled adj. 残疾的 learning disability 学习障碍 例句 He has a learning disability. 考点 physical disability 身体残疾 learning disability 学习障碍 47 conventional /kənˈvenʃənl/ adj. 传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的 派生词 convention n. 惯例；大会 conventionally adv. 按惯例 例句 Conventional methods are not always the best. 考点 conventional medicine 传统医学 conventional weapons 常规武器 48 leather /ˈleðə(r)/ n. 皮革 派生词 leather shoes 皮鞋 artificial leather 人造革 例句 The bag is made of genuine leather. 考点 leather shoes 皮鞋 leather jacket 皮夹克 49 sensory /ˈsensəri/ adj. 感觉的，感官的 派生词 sense n. 感觉 sensation n. 感觉 sensory organs 感觉器官 例句 The eyes and ears are sensory organs. 考点 sensory organs 感觉器官 sensory experience 感官体验 50 patent /ˈpætnt/ n. /ˈpeɪtnt/ adj. n. & adj. 专利，专利权；专利的 派生词 patent holder 专利持有者 take out a patent 取得专利 例句 The company applied for a patent. 考点 take out/obtain a patent 取得专利 patent law 专利法 51 fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ n. & vt. 燃料；增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 派生词 add fuel to the fire 火上浇油 fossil fuel 化石燃料 例句 The medicine fueled his recovery. 考点 fossil fuel 化石燃料 add fuel to the fire 火上浇油 52 disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ vt. 使不安；打扰；扰乱 派生词 disturbance n. 打扰 disturbed adj. 不安的 例句 Please don't disturb the patient. 考点 do not disturb 请勿打扰 disturbing news 令人不安的消息 53 tackle /ˈtækl/ vt. 应付，处理，解决 派生词 tackle a problem 解决问题 tackle a difficulty 对付困难 例句 We must tackle this problem immediately. 考点 tackle a problem/issue 解决问题 tackle the challenge 应对挑战 54 head-on /ˌhed ˈɒn/ adv. & adj. 积极地，果断地；正面相撞 词组 短语：head on 迎面；正面地 face head-on 正面面对 例句 We must face the problem head-on. 考点 face sth head-on 正面面对 a head-on collision 迎面相撞 55 adverse /ˈædvɜːs/ adj. 相反的；负面的，不利的 派生词 adverse effect 不利影响 adversity n. 逆境 例句 The drug has no adverse effects. 考点 adverse effect 副作用；不利影响 adverse weather 恶劣天气 56 adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ vi. & vt. 调整，调节；适应，习惯 派生词 adjustment n. 调整 adjust to 适应 adjustable adj. 可调节的 例句 It takes time to adjust to a new school. 考点 adjust to (doing) sth 适应 make adjustments 做出调整 57 centimetre /ˈsentɪmiːtə(r)/ n. 厘米 (AmE centimeter) 派生词 centi- 前缀：百分之一 metre n. 米 例句 The wound is about two centimetres long. 考点 a 5-centimetre wound 5厘米的伤口 58 acupuncture /ˈækjupʌŋktʃə(r)/ n. 针刺疗法 派生词 acupuncturist n. 针灸师 例句 Acupuncture is often used to reduce pain. 考点 acupuncture treatment 针灸治疗 59 needle /ˈniːdl/ n. 针，注射针，指针 派生词 pin and needle 如坐针毡 needle and thread 针线 例句 The nurse put the needle into my arm. 考点 look for a needle in a haystack 大海捞针 60 evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ n. & vt. 证据，证明；证人；证明，表明 派生词 evident adj. 明显的 evidently adv. 明显地 例句 There is no evidence that the drug works. 考点 evidence for/of ……的证据 there is evidence that... 有证据表明…… 61 solid /ˈsɒlɪd/ adj. 实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 派生词 solidly adv. 坚固地 solid colour 纯色 例句 The wall is made of solid stone. 考点 solid evidence 确凿证据 solid foundation 坚实基础 62 switch /swɪtʃ/ vt. & vi. & n. 转变；交换；调班；开关；转变 派生词 switch on 打开 switch off 关掉 switch to 转向 例句 He switched to another doctor. 考点 switch on/off 开/关 switch to 转向…… switch over 转换 63 stainless /ˈsteɪnləs/ adj. 不生锈的 派生词 stain n. 污点 v. 沾污 stainless steel 不锈钢 例句 The knife is made of stainless steel. 考点 stainless steel 不锈钢 64 steel /stiːl/ n. 钢，钢铁工业 派生词 steel industry 钢铁工业 steel worker 钢铁工人 例句 The bridge is made of steel. 考点 stainless steel 不锈钢 steel and concrete 钢铁混凝土 65 millimetre /ˈmɪlimiːtə(r)/ n. 毫米 (AmE millimeter) 派生词 milli- 前缀：千分之一 millimetre of rain 降雨量毫米 例句 The wire is only a few millimetres thick. 考点 a few millimetres 几毫米 66 clinic /ˈklɪnɪk/ n. 私人诊所；门诊部，门诊部门 派生词 clinical adj. 临床的 clinical trial 临床试验 例句 The clinic is open from 9 am to 5 pm. 考点 dental clinic 牙科诊所 clinical trial 临床试验 67 examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ vt. 检查，检验；审查，调查；审问，测试 派生词 examination n. 考试；检查 exam n. 考试 例句 The doctor examined my throat. 考点 examine a patient 检查病人 examine the evidence 审查证据 68 tongue /tʌŋ/ n. 舌头；语言 派生词 mother tongue 母语 hold one's tongue 保持沉默 例句 The doctor asked me to put out my tongue. 考点 mother tongue 母语 hold one's tongue 保持沉默 69 pulse /pʌls/ n. & vi. 脉搏；搏动，跳动，洋溢 派生词 take sb's pulse 给某人测脉搏 pulse rate 脉搏率 例句 The doctor felt my pulse. 考点 take sb's pulse 测脉搏 a fast/slow pulse 脉搏快/慢 70 wrist /rɪst/ n. 手腕，腕关节 派生词 wristwatch n. 手表 sprain one's wrist 扭伤手腕 例句 She wore a gold watch on her wrist. 考点 wrist watch 手表 sprain one's wrist 扭伤手腕 71 organ /ˈɔːɡən/ n. 器官；风琴；机构，机关 派生词 organism n. 有机体 organ transplant 器官移植 例句 The heart is a vital organ. 考点 organ transplant 器官移植 vital organs 重要器官 72 severe /sɪˈvɪə(r)/ adj. 十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的，严峻的 派生词 severely adv. 严重地；严厉地 severity n. 严重 例句 He suffered severe injuries in the accident. 考点 severe pain 剧痛 severe weather 恶劣天气 severe criticism 严厉批评 73 anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/ n. 焦虑，担心；渴望 派生词 anxious adj. 焦虑的 anxiously adv. 焦急地 例句 He is suffering from anxiety. 考点 anxiety about 对……的焦虑 with anxiety 焦虑地 anxious to do sth 渴望做某事 74 abuse /əˈbjuːz/ vt. /əˈbjuːs/ n. vt. & n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 派生词 drug abuse 药物滥用 child abuse 虐待儿童 例句 Don't abuse your power. 考点 drug/alcohol abuse 药物/酒精滥用 child abuse 虐待儿童 abuse one's power 滥用职权 75 alcohol /ˈælkəhɒl/ n. 酒精，酒 派生词 alcoholic adj. 含酒精的 n. 酗酒者 alcoholism n. 酒精中毒 例句 He doesn't drink alcohol. 考点 alcohol-free 无酒精的 alcohol abuse 酗酒 76 tobacco /təˈbækəʊ/ n. 烟草 派生词 tobacco industry 烟草业 tobacco advertising 烟草广告 例句 Tobacco causes many diseases. 考点 tobacco company 烟草公司 tobacco products 烟草制品 77 drug /drʌɡ/ n. 毒品；药物 派生词 drug addict 吸毒者 drug abuse 药物滥用 drugstore 药店 例句 The new drug cures the disease. 考点 drug abuse 药物滥用 take drugs 吸毒 prescription drug 处方药 78 phenomenon /fɪˈnɒmɪnən/ n. (pl. phenomena) 现象 派生词 phenomena (pl.) 现象 natural phenomenon 自然现象 例句 Rainbow is a natural phenomenon. 考点 natural phenomenon 自然现象 social phenomenon 社会现象 79 substance /ˈsʌbstəns/ n. 物质；要点 派生词 substantial adj. 大量的；实质的 banned substance 违禁物质 例句 Water is a necessary substance for life. 考点 chemical substance 化学物质 banned substance 违禁物质 80 symbol /ˈsɪmbl/ n. 象征，符号，代号 派生词 symbolic adj. 象征的 symbolize vt. 象征 例句 The dove is a symbol of peace. 考点 a symbol of ……的象征 chemical symbol 化学符号 81 widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 派生词 wide adj. 宽的 spread v. 传播 widespread use 广泛使用 例句 The disease is now widespread. 考点 widespread use 广泛使用 widespread concern 普遍担忧 82 bandage /ˈbændɪdʒ/ n. & vt. 绷带；用绷带包扎 派生词 first-aid bandage 急救绷带 bandage up 包扎 例句 The nurse put a bandage on his arm. 考点 a first-aid bandage 急救绷带 bandage sb's arm 给某人胳膊扎绷带 83 infection /ɪnˈfekʃn/ n. 传染，感染 派生词 infect vt. 传染 infectious adj. 传染的 infected adj. 被感染的 例句 The infection spread quickly. 考点 infectious disease 传染病 prevent infection 预防感染 infected wound 感染的伤口 84 department /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/ n. （医院的）科，部门，局，系 派生词 department store 百货商店 the Department of Health 卫生部 例句 She works in the hospital's emergency department. 考点 emergency department 急诊科 department store 百货商店 the department of... ……系/部门 感谢观看 Thank you 词汇精讲 $