Starter Unit 1—3 、Unit 1—7单元易错知识点解析与配套练习 2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

七年级英语（人教版）上册 单元易错知识点解析与配套练习 （Starter Unit 1—3 、 Unit 1—7） Starter Unit 1　Hello! 【单元话题】　与人打招呼、初次见面时的自我介绍与拼写姓名 【语法项目】　问候语的选用；26 个字母的书写；What's your name? 与 How do you spell ...? 的问答 易错点 1：问候语与时段不匹配 【易错点】　下午见到老师说 Good morning，晚上见到同学说 Good afternoon。 【错因分析】　学生把 Good morning 当作可以通用的问候语，未建立问候语与具体时段的对应意识。英语中三个时段问候语有明确的划分：Good morning 用于中午 12 点之前，Good afternoon 用于 12 点至 18 点左右，Good evening 用于 18 点以后。此外还需注意，Good night 不是问候语，而是告别或就寝前的道别语，不能用于见面时打招呼。 【正误对比】 【错例】It is three o'clock in the afternoon. "Good morning, Miss Li!" says Peter.→ 【正例】It is three o'clock in the afternoon. "Good afternoon, Miss Li!" says Peter. 【错例】It is eight o'clock in the evening. "Good night, Ella!" says Fu Xing.→ 【正例】It is eight o'clock in the evening. "Good evening, Ella!" says Fu Xing. 【错例】It is seven in the morning. "Good afternoon, Helen!" says Teng Fei.→ 【正例】It is seven in the morning. "Good morning, Helen!" says Teng Fei. 【语法规则】　morning 中午前，afternoon 到傍晚，evening 天黑后；Good night 是道别，见面不可用。 易错点 2：字母大小写与专有名词首字母遗漏大写 【易错点】　把姓名写成 peter、ella，把国家名写成 china、english，把句首单词的首字母小写。 【错因分析】　汉语中没有大小写的区分，学生容易忽略英语中大写字母的书写规则。英语中需要大写的情况主要有四类：① 句子的第一个单词首字母；② 人名、地名、国家名等专有名词的首字母；③ 语言、国籍、星期、月份名称的首字母；④ 人称代词 I 在任何位置都大写。学生出错的原因是没有把大写当作一项必须遵守的书写规则。 【正误对比】 【错例】hello, i am peter. i am from china.→ 【正例】Hello, I am Peter. I am from China. 【错例】This is my friend ella. she is from england.→ 【正例】This is my friend Ella. She is from England. 【错例】We have an english class on monday.→ 【正例】We have an English class on Monday. 【语法规则】　句首单词大写好，人地名国首字母高；语言国籍星期月，人称代词 I 永大写。 易错点 3：询问与拼写姓名的问答形式错配 【易错点】　把“你叫什么名字”写成 What your name?，把“怎么拼写”写成 How to spell your name? 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的“你叫什么名字”逐字对应成英语，遗漏了 be 动词 is；同时把汉语的“怎么拼写”按“疑问词 + 不定式”直译，未掌握英语中询问拼写需使用完整疑问句 How do you spell ...? 这一表达。此外，回答拼写时要注意用连字符分隔字母（P-E-T-E-R），或逐个字母读出。 【正误对比】 【错例】What your name? My name is Teng Fei.→ 【正例】What's your name? My name is Teng Fei. 【错例】How to spell your name? P-E-T-E-R.→ 【正例】How do you spell your name? P-E-T-E-R. 【错例】What's your name? — I am Peter. How are you?→ 【正例】What's your name? — My name is Peter. 【语法规则】　问姓名 What's your name，答语 My name is ...；问拼写 How do you spell，字母间加连字符。 易错点 4：Nice to meet you 的应答形式错误 【易错点】　对方说 Nice to meet you 时，回答 Nice to meet you 或回答 Yes, I am。 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的“很高兴认识你”按同一句回敬，未掌握英语中这一问候的应答习惯。英语中，Nice to meet you 的应答语是 Nice to meet you, too. 或 Me too.，表示“我也很高兴认识你”。此外，学生容易把 Nice to meet you 与初次见面以外的场合混用——这一表达只用于第一次见面，熟人之间一般不用。 【正误对比】 【错例】— Nice to meet you, Emma. — Nice to meet you.→ 【正例】— Nice to meet you, Emma. — Nice to meet you, too. 【错例】— Nice to meet you. — Yes, I am nice.→ 【正例】— Nice to meet you. — Nice to meet you, too. / Me too. 【错例】— Hello, Peter. Nice to meet you again. — Nice to meet you, too.→ 【正例】— Hello, Peter. Good to see you again. — Good to see you, too. 【语法规则】　初次见面 Nice to meet you，应答须加 too；再次见面用 Good to see you，两语不可混。 Starter Unit 1　Hello! · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 （有括号提示词的用其适当形式填空，无提示词的填入一个适当的词。） 1. It is eight o'clock in the morning. ______ (good) morning, Miss Wang! 2. It is seven o'clock in the evening. Good ______ (even), Mum! 3. ______ is your name? My name is Fu Xing. 4. How do you ______ (spell) your English name? 5. Hello, I am Helen. Nice ______ (meet) you. 6. This is my new friend Ella. ______ (she) is from the UK. 7. I am from ______ (China). I love my country. 8. We have an ______ (English) class every Monday morning. 9. — Nice to meet you, Peter. — Nice to meet you, ______. 10. ______ (be) you Emma? Yes, I am. 二、按要求改写句子 11. My name is Yaming. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ your name? 12. I am from China. (改为一般疑问句) ______ ______ from China? 13. She is my new friend. (改为否定句) She ______ ______ my new friend. 14. His name is Peter. (改为同义句) ______ ______ Peter. 15. hello i am ella i am from england (加标点并改正大小写) __________________________ 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）It is three in the afternoon. Good morning, Miss Li! -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）What your name? My name is Teng Fei. -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）hello, i am peter. i am from china. -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）How to spell your name? P-E-T-E-R. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）— Nice to meet you, Emma. — Nice to meet you. -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is the first day of junior high school. It is eight o'clock in the morning. Fu Xing meets Ella at the school gate. "Good 1. ______ (morning), Ella!" says Fu Xing. "Good morning, Fu Xing!" says Ella. "This is my new classmate Peter. He is 2. ______ the UK," says Fu Xing. "Hello, Peter. Nice 3. ______ (meet) you," says Ella. "Nice to meet you, 4. ______," says Peter. "5. ______ do you spell your name?" asks Ella. "P-E-T-E-R," says Peter. It is four o'clock in the afternoon. The three friends meet again in the classroom. "Good 6. ______ (afternoon)!" says Ella. "How 7. ______ you?" "I am fine, thank you," says Fu Xing. At seven in the evening, Fu Xing says to his parents, "Good 8. ______ (even)! I am home!" His mother smiles and says, "Welcome home, dear. 9. ______ (be) you tired?" "No, I am not," says Fu Xing. "I 10. ______ (be) very happy today!" Starter Unit 2　Keep Tidy! 【单元话题】　学习用品的名称、摆放位置与整理物品的习惯 【语法项目】　不定冠词 a/an；指示代词 this/that；名词的复数；方位介词 in/on/under 易错点 1：不定冠词 a 与 an 的选用依据（读音而非字母） 【易错点】　把 an eraser 写成 a eraser，把 a ruler 写成 an ruler，把 a schoolbag 写成 an schoolbag。 【错因分析】　学生把冠词的选用依据停留在“看首字母是不是元音字母”这一层面，未掌握真正的判断依据是后面单词的第一个音素。英语中，以元音音素开头的单词前用 an，以辅音音素开头的单词前用 a。需要特别注意的是，判断依据是读音而不是字母：eraser、apple、orange、umbrella 等以元音音素开头，用 an；ruler、pencil、schoolbag、book、cap 等以辅音音素开头，用 a。 【正误对比】 【错例】I have a eraser and a apple in my schoolbag.→ 【正例】I have an eraser and an apple in my schoolbag. 【错例】This is an ruler and that is an pencil.→ 【正例】This is a ruler and that is a pencil. 【错例】There is an cap on the desk.→ 【正例】There is a cap on the desk. 【语法规则】　元音音素前用 an，辅音音素前用 a；判断看读音不看字母，an eraser / a ruler 记分明。 易错点 2：指示代词与 be 动词的单复数搭配错位 【易错点】　把“这些是我的书”写成 This are my books，把“那些是橡皮”写成 Those is erasers。 【错因分析】　学生只关注指示代词的远近含义，忽略了单复数形式与后面 be 动词的严格对应关系。英语中，this/that 表示单数，作主语时后接 is；these/those 表示复数，作主语时后接 are。学生出错的原因是把“this”当作通用指示词，未建立“指示代词数—be 动词数—名词数”三者一致的意识。 【正误对比】 【错例】This are my new books on the desk.→ 【正例】These are my new books on the desk. 【错例】Those is my erasers and rulers.→ 【正例】Those are my erasers and rulers. 【错例】These book is about animals.→ 【正例】This book is about animals. / These books are about animals. 【语法规则】　this/that 表单数配 is，these/those 表复数配 are；指示代词、be 动词、名词三者数须一致。 易错点 3：名词复数构成规则与不规则变化遗漏 【易错点】　把 box 的复数写成 boxs，把 watch 的复数写成 watchs，把 pencil box 的复数写成 pencil boxs。 【错因分析】　学生只记住“名词复数加 -s”这一条最简规则，未掌握词尾字母对变化方式的制约。名词复数共有四种常见情形：① 一般名词直接加 -s；② 以 s、x、sh、ch 结尾加 -es；③ 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾变 y 为 i 再加 -es；④ 以 f、fe 结尾多数变 f、fe 为 v 再加 -es。此外，复合名词（pencil box、school bag）变复数时只把中心词变复数。 【正误对比】 【错例】There are three boxs on the shelf.→ 【正例】There are three boxes on the shelf. 【错例】I have two watchs in my desk.→ 【正例】I have two watches in my desk. 【错例】There are five pencil boxs in the lost-and-found box.→ 【正例】There are five pencil boxes in the lost-and-found box. 【语法规则】　一般加 -s，s/x/sh/ch 加 -es；辅音加 y 变 i 加 -es，复合名词变中心词。 易错点 4：方位介词 in / on / under 的语义混用 【易错点】　把“书在书包里”写成 The book is on the schoolbag，把“橡皮在桌子下面”写成 The eraser is in the desk。 【错因分析】　学生把 in、on、under 都笼统理解为“在……”，未掌握三者在空间关系上的明确分工。英语中，in 表示“在……内部”，强调被包围在某个空间里；on 表示“在……表面上”，强调与表面接触；under 表示“在……正下方”，强调垂直方向的下方。此外，in the desk 与 on the desk 含义不同，前者指在书桌抽屉里，后者指在桌面上。 【正误对比】 【错例】My English book is on my schoolbag.→ 【正例】My English book is in my schoolbag. 【错例】The eraser is in the desk and I can see it on the surface.→ 【正例】The eraser is on the desk and I can see it on the surface. 【错例】The ball is in the chair.→ 【正例】The ball is under the chair. 【语法规则】　in 表内部，on 表表面，under 表下方；空间关系三分明，位置描述不出错。 易错点 5：What colour 句型中 be 动词与名词数的不一致 【易错点】　把“这些尺子是什么颜色的”写成 What colour is these rulers? 【错因分析】　学生把 What colour 当作固定整体，忽略了后面 be 动词的形式必须由主语的名词数决定。英语中，What colour 句型的结构与一般疑问句相同：主语为单数时用 is，主语为复数时用 are。此外，回答颜色时，如果主语是复数，表语颜色词不加 -s。 【正误对比】 【错例】What colour is these rulers? They are blue.→ 【正例】What colour are these rulers? They are blue. 【错例】What colour are your schoolbag? It is black.→ 【正例】What colour is your schoolbag? It is black. 【错例】What colour are the erasers? They are blues.→ 【正例】What colour are the erasers? They are blue. 【语法规则】　What colour 后 be 动词看主语，单数 is 复数 are；答语颜色词不变形，blue 不加 -s。 易错点 6：询问物品所有时的句型结构错误 【易错点】　把“你书包里有什么”写成 What you have in your schoolbag?，把答语写成 I have a book in my schoolbag. What about you have? 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的“你有什么”逐字对应成英语，遗漏了疑问句所需的助动词 do；同时把“你呢”直译为 What about you have，未掌握 What about 后接名词或代词宾格这一固定结构。英语中，实义动词 have 的一般疑问句需借助 do/does；What about you? 是固定表达，后面不能再接动词。 【正误对比】 【错例】What you have in your schoolbag?→ 【正例】What do you have in your schoolbag? 【错例】I have three books and two pencils. What about you have?→ 【正例】I have three books and two pencils. What about you? 【错例】Do you have a ruler? Yes, I have a ruler. And you?→ 【正例】Do you have a ruler? Yes, I do. What about you? 【语法规则】　实义动词疑问借 do，What do you have 是常式；What about 后接名词代词，不接动词。 Starter Unit 2　Keep Tidy! · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. There is ______ (a) eraser in my pencil box. 2. I have two ______ (watch) in my desk. 3. ______ (this) are my new books on the shelf. 4. What colour ______ (be) your schoolbag? It is blue. 5. There are three ______ (box) under the desk. 6. My pencil is ______ the pencil box, so I can't see it. 7. What ______ you ______ (have) in your schoolbag? 8. I have a cap. What about ______ (you)? 9. The ball is ______ the chair, so you can't see it on the floor. 10. These ______ (be) my rulers and those are my pencils. 二、按要求改写句子 11. This is my pencil box. (改为复数句) ______ ______ my pencil boxes. 12. I have three books in my schoolbag. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ books do you have in your schoolbag? 13. The ruler is in the pencil box. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ the ruler? 14. My schoolbag is black. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ is your schoolbag? 15. She has a new eraser. (改为一般疑问句) ______ she ______ a new eraser? 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）I have a eraser and a ruler in my pencil box. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）This are my new books on the shelf. -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）There are three boxs on the teacher's desk. -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）My English book is on my schoolbag and I can't find it. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）What you have in your schoolbag? -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hello, I am Teng Fei. This is my desk. It is very tidy. I have 1. ______ English book and two 2. ______ (notebook) on the desk. My pencil box is 3. ______ the desk, so I can take it easily. There are three 4. ______ (pen) and an 5. ______ (eraser) in it. My schoolbag is 6. ______ the chair. 7. ______ (this) are my rulers. They are blue. 8. ______ colour is your pencil box? Mine is yellow. I always keep my things tidy. After class, I put my books 9. ______ my schoolbag. "A tidy desk helps me study better," my mother often 10. ______ (say) to me. Starter Unit 3　Welcome! 【单元话题】　农家小院与农场里的动植物、物品辨认与数量询问 【语法项目】　What's this/that? 与 What are these/those?；How many 的用法；名词复数的特殊变化 易错点 1：What's this/that? 与 What are these/those? 的问答搭配错位 【易错点】　把“这是什么”写成 What are this?，把答语写成 What's this? — They are ducks。 【错因分析】　学生只注意询问“是什么”，未建立疑问句与答语在数上必须一致的意识。英语中，询问单个事物用 What's this/that?，答语用 It's a/an ...；询问多个事物用 What are these/those?，答语用 They're ...。问句与答语的单复数必须严格对应，不能混用。 【正误对比】 【错例】What are this in the yard? It is a duck.→ 【正例】What's this in the yard? It's a duck. 【错例】What's these on the farm? It is a carrot.→ 【正例】What are these on the farm? They're carrots. 【错例】What's this? — They are tomatoes.→ 【正例】What's this? — It's a tomato. 【语法规则】　单数问 What's this/that，答语用 It's；复数问 What are these/those，答语用 They're。 易错点 2：How many 后接名词复数与 be 动词形式的遗漏 【易错点】　把“农场里有多少只兔子”写成 How many rabbit are there on the farm?，把答语写成 There are five rabbit。 【错因分析】　学生把 How many 与汉语的“多少”直接对应，忽略了 How many 后必须接可数名词的复数形式这一规则。此外，在 there be 句型中，be 动词的形式须与后面名词的数保持一致。学生出错的两个根源：一是未掌握 How many 的搭配要求，二是主谓一致意识尚未建立。 【正误对比】 【错例】How many rabbit are there on the farm?→ 【正例】How many rabbits are there on the farm? 【错例】How many chicken do they have in the yard? — There are five chicken.→ 【正例】How many chickens do they have in the yard? — There are five chickens. 【错例】How many sheep are there? — There are ten sheeps.→ 【正例】How many sheep are there? — There are ten sheep. 【语法规则】　How many 后接可数名词复数，be 动词随之用复数；sheep/fish 单复同形，不加 -s。 易错点 3：名词复数的不规则变化与单复同形词误用 【易错点】　把 tomato 的复数写成 tomatos，把 potato 的复数写成 potatos，把 sheep 的复数写成 sheeps。 【错因分析】　学生把“加 -s”当作唯一规则，未掌握以 o 结尾的名词中部分词加 -es 这一特殊情形，也未记住 sheep、fish、deer 等单复数同形词。英语中，以 o 结尾的名词有的加 -s（photo—photos、piano—pianos），有的加 -es（tomato—tomatoes、potato—potatoes、hero—heroes），需要分类记忆。此外，child—children、man—men、woman—women、foot—feet、tooth—teeth 等属于不规则变化。 【正误对比】 【错例】There are many tomatos and potatos in the yard.→ 【正例】There are many tomatoes and potatoes in the yard. 【错例】How many sheeps can you see on the farm?→ 【正例】How many sheep can you see on the farm? 【错例】I can see three childs near the apple tree.→ 【正例】I can see three children near the apple tree. 【语法规则】　tomato/potato/hero 加 -es，photo/piano 只加 -s；sheep/fish/deer 单复同形，child 变 children。 易错点 4：There be 句型中数量表达与主谓一致错误 【易错点】　把“院子里有一棵大树和一些鸡”写成 There have a big tree and some chickens in the yard。 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的“有”直接对应成 have，未掌握 There be 句型表示“某处存在某物”这一特定语义功能。此外，There be 句型遵循就近原则——当主语是多个并列名词时，be 动词的形式由最靠近它的名词决定。学生出错的原因是把“存在”与“拥有”混为一谈，同时忽略了就近原则。 【正误对比】 【错例】There have a big tree and some chickens in the yard.→ 【正例】There is a big tree and some chickens in the yard. 【错例】There are a duck and two geese on the water.→ 【正例】There is a duck and two geese on the water. 【错例】There has many beautiful flowers in the garden.→ 【正例】There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. 【语法规则】　某处存在用 There be，不用 have/has；并列主语就近看，最近名词定单复。 易错点 5：询问与描述农场事物的句型结构不完整 【易错点】　把“他们有多少只鸭子”写成 How many ducks they have?，把答语写成 They have five duck。 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的“他们有多少只鸭子”按陈述句语序直接翻译，遗漏了疑问句所需的助动词 do；同时在答语中忽略了名词须用复数形式。英语中，询问数量有两种句式：There be 句型（How many ... are there ...?）和 have 句型（How many ... do/does ... have?），两种句式的疑问词序不同，须分别掌握。 【正误对比】 【错例】How many ducks they have in the yard?→ 【正例】How many ducks do they have in the yard? 【错例】How many ducks do they have? — They have five duck.→ 【正例】How many ducks do they have? — They have five ducks. 【错例】How many rabbits are there on the farm? — The farm has many rabbit.→ 【正例】How many rabbits are there on the farm? — There are many rabbits. 【语法规则】　How many + 复数名词 + do/does + 主语 + have；或 How many + 复数名词 + are there + 地点。 Starter Unit 3　Welcome! · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. ______ is this in the yard? It is a duck. 2. What ______ (be) these on the farm? They are carrots. 3. How many ______ (rabbit) are there on the farm? 4. There are many ______ (tomato) and ______ (potato) in the garden. 5. How many ______ (sheep) can you see on the hill? 6. There ______ (be) a big tree and some chickens in the yard. 7. I can see three ______ (child) near the apple tree. 8. How many ducks ______ they ______ (have) in the yard? 9. Look at those ______ (goose) on the water. They are beautiful. 10. What's this? — ______ is a small rabbit. 二、按要求改写句子 11. This is a duck. (改为复数句) ______ are ______. 12. There are ten rabbits on the farm. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ rabbits are there on the farm? 13. That is a big tree. (改为一般疑问句) ______ ______ a big tree? 14. They have five ducks in the yard. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ ducks do they have in the yard? 15. There are some flowers in the garden. (改为否定句) There ______ ______ flowers in the garden. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）What are this in the yard? It is a duck. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）How many rabbit are there on the farm? -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）There have a big tree and some chickens in the yard. -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）There are many tomatos and potatos in the garden. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）How many ducks they have in the yard? -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Welcome to my grandpa's farm! It is not very big, but it is very beautiful. 1. ______ is this? It is a big tree. 2. ______ are those under the tree? They are 3. ______ (duck). Look! How many 4. ______ (goose) are there on the water? There 5. ______ (be) five. My grandpa also has some 6. ______ (chicken) in the yard. How many 7. ______ (sheep) does he have? He has ten. There 8. ______ (be) a small garden behind the house. My grandma grows 9. ______ (tomato) and potatoes there. I often help them on the farm. I love this place 10. ______ much. Unit 1　You and Me 【单元话题】　结识新朋友、个人信息介绍与寻找志同道合的伙伴 【语法项目】　一般现在时（be 动词）；人称代词主格 易错点 1：be 动词 am / is / are 与主语人称、数的一致性错配 【易错点】　把 I am from China 写成 I is from China，把 My friends are nice 写成 My friends is nice。 【错因分析】　学生尚未建立“be 动词形式由主语的人称和数共同决定”这一语法意识，往往只固定使用 is 或 are 中的一种形式。英语中，be 动词的选用遵循严格的三分规则：第一人称单数 I 配 am；第三人称单数（he、she、it 及单数名词）配 is；第二人称 you 及所有复数主语配 are。学生出错的根源是只关注句子意思而忽略了主语的形式特征。 【正误对比】 【错例】I is a student of Grade Seven in No.1 Middle School.→ 【正例】I am a student of Grade Seven in No.1 Middle School. 【错例】My new friends is very friendly to me.→ 【正例】My new friends are very friendly to me. 【错例】You is welcome to join our English club.→ 【正例】You are welcome to join our English club. 【语法规则】　我用 am，你用 are，is 连着他她它；复数主语全用 are，be 动词随主变化。 易错点 2：be 动词的否定句与一般疑问句误借助 do/does 【易错点】　把否定句写成 I not am from Beijing，把疑问句写成 Do you are a new student? 【错因分析】　学生已熟悉实义动词的否定与疑问需借助 do/does 这一规则，便习惯性把这一方式套用到含 be 动词的句子上。实际上，be 动词本身具有助动词性质，可以直接构成否定和疑问：否定式在 be 动词后加 not；一般疑问句把 be 动词提至句首，句末改问号。这一差异源于 be 动词与实义动词在句法功能上的根本不同。 【正误对比】 【错例】I not am from Shanghai. I am from Nanjing.→ 【正例】I am not from Shanghai. I am from Nanjing. 【错例】Do you are a new student in Class Three?→ 【正例】Are you a new student in Class Three? 【错例】Is not she your new deskmate?→ 【正例】Isn't she your new deskmate? 【语法规则】　be 动否定后加 not，疑问提至句首行；不借 do/does 助，简答 Yes, I am. 记分明。 易错点 3：人称代词主格与形容词性物主代词的功能错位 【易错点】　把“他的名字是彼得”写成 He name is Peter，把“我是他的新同学”写成 I am he new classmate。 【错因分析】　学生把 he 与 his、she 与 her、I 与 my 当作可互换的形式，未建立“主格作主语、形容词性物主代词修饰名词”这一功能区分。英语中，人称代词有两套形式：主格（I、you、he、she、it、we、they）在句中作主语，位于谓语动词之前；形容词性物主代词（my、your、his、her、its、our、their）具有形容词属性，后面必须接名词。判断依据是后面有没有名词。 【正误对比】 【错例】He name is Peter and he is from the UK.→ 【正例】His name is Peter and he is from the UK. 【错例】I am he new classmate, and we are in the same class.→ 【正例】I am his new classmate, and we are in the same class. 【错例】She favourite subject is English.→ 【正例】Her favourite subject is English. 【语法规则】　主语位置用主格，名词之前用物主；he 作主语 his 修饰，判断就看后面词。 易错点 4：be 动词缩写形式的书写与使用错误 【易错点】　把 I am 缩写写成 Im，把 he is 缩写写成 he's 时位置错乱，写成 hes'，把 they are 缩写写成 they're 时误写为 their。 【错因分析】　学生对缩写形式的书写规则掌握不牢，出现三类错误：① 省略了撇号；② 撇号位置错误；③ 把同音异形的 their 与 they're 混淆。英语中，be 动词的缩写形式为：I'm、you're、he's、she's、it's、we're、they're，撇号一律位于省略字母的位置。此外需特别注意 it's（it is 的缩写）与 its（its 形容词性物主代词）的区别，以及 they're 与 their 的区别。 【正误对比】 【错例】Im a new student here and Im very happy.→ 【正例】I'm a new student here and I'm very happy. 【错例】Hes from Canada and hes twelve years old.→ 【正例】He's from Canada and he's twelve years old. 【错例】Their my new classmates from different schools.→ 【正例】They're my new classmates from different schools. 【语法规则】　缩写撇号不可省，位置就在省略处；it's 是 it is，its 表所属；they're 是 they are，their 表所属。 易错点 5：询问个人信息的疑问句结构不完整 【易错点】　把“你来自哪里”写成 Where you from?，把“你在哪个班”写成 What class you are in? 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的“你来自哪里”“你多大了”按陈述句语序直译，遗漏了 be 动词或助动词。英语中，询问个人信息的常见句型包括：Where are you from? / Where do you come from?（你来自哪里）、How old are you?（你多大了）、What's your name?（你叫什么名字）、What class are you in?（你在哪个班）、What's your favourite subject?（你最喜欢的科目是什么）。这些句型的共同特点是疑问词后必须紧跟 be 动词或助动词，不能省略。 【正误对比】 【错例】Where you from? I am from Canada.→ 【正例】Where are you from? I am from Canada. 【错例】What class you are in? I am in Class Three.→ 【正例】What class are you in? I am in Class Three. 【错例】How old you are? I am twelve years old.→ 【正例】How old are you? I am twelve years old. 【语法规则】　疑问词后跟 be 动，语序倒装莫遗漏；Where are you from、How old are you 记心间。 易错点 6：介绍他人时指示代词与人称代词的混用 【易错点】　把“这是我的新朋友，他叫彼得”写成 This is my new friend. He name is Peter.，或把介绍他人的 This is 误写成 He is。 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的“这是……”与“他是……”混为一谈，未掌握英语中介绍他人时的固定表达习惯。英语中，当面介绍他人时用 This is ...（不能用 He is / She is），这是固定的社交用语习惯。介绍完成后，再谈及该人时可用 he 或 she 指代。此外，This is 后接人名或“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”，不能直接接主格代词。 【正误对比】 【错例】He is my new friend Peter. He is from the UK.→ 【正例】This is my new friend Peter. He is from the UK. 【错例】This is my new classmate. He name is Fu Xing.→ 【正例】This is my new classmate. His name is Fu Xing. 【错例】This is she, my new friend from Canada.→ 【正例】This is her, my new friend from Canada. / This is my new friend from Canada. 【语法规则】　当面介绍用 This is，不用 He is/She is；介绍之后可 he/she，物主代词修饰名词。 易错点 7：并列主语时的 be 动词形式与语序错误 【易错点】　把“我和他是好朋友”写成 I and he is good friends，把“彼得和我是同班同学”写成 Peter and me are classmates。 【错因分析】　学生的错误包含两个层面：① 语序错误，英语在并列人称代词作主语时，习惯把 I 放在最后（He and I、You and I、Peter and I），这与汉语“我和他”的语序习惯不同；② be 动词形式错误，并列主语在语义上属于复数，be 动词应用 are，且代词须用主格。 【正误对比】 【错例】I and he is good friends, and we often play together.→ 【正例】He and I are good friends, and we often play together. 【错例】Peter and me are in the same class this term.→ 【正例】Peter and I are in the same class this term. 【错例】You and I is both new students here.→ 【正例】You and I are both new students here. 【语法规则】　并列主语 I 在后，主格形式莫用宾；并列主语视为复数，be 动词一律 are。 Unit 1　You and Me · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (be) a student of Grade Seven in Sunshine Middle School. 2. My new classmates ______ (be) very friendly to me. 3. ______ (be) you from Canada? Yes, I am. 4. This is my friend Peter. ______ (he) English name is Peter Smith. 5. Where ______ you ______ (be) from? 6. ______ (she) favourite subject is music, and she sings very well. 7. Peter and I ______ (be) in the same class this term. 8. ______ (be) your new deskmate from the UK? 9. I ______ (not be) from Beijing. I am from Nanjing. 10. This is my new friend. ______ (she) is twelve years old. 二、按要求改写句子 11. She is my new classmate. (改为否定句) She ______ ______ my new classmate. 12. They are from different schools. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) ______ they from different schools? Yes, ______ ______. 13. I am from Nanjing. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ you from? 14. He is twelve years old. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ is he? 15. My name is Peter. (改为同义句) ______ ______ Peter. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）I is a new student in Class Three, Grade Seven. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）He name is Peter and he is from the UK. -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）Where you from? I am from Canada. -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）I and he is good friends, and we often play together. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）Do you are a new student in this school? -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hello, everyone! My name 1. ______ (be) Li Hua. I 2. ______ (be) twelve years old. I 3. ______ (be) from Nanjing, a beautiful city in China. Now I am a student of Grade Seven. I want to make some new friends here. Look! This 4. ______ (be) my new classmate. 5. ______ (he) name is Peter. He is from Canada. 6. ______ (he) is thirteen years old. His favourite subject 7. ______ (be) science. Peter and I 8. ______ (be) good friends now. We often help each other. 9. ______ you want to be our friend? Please write to 10. ______ (we) and tell us about yourself. Unit 2　We're Family! 【单元话题】　家庭成员介绍、家庭照片描述与家庭意义 【语法项目】　一般现在时（实义动词 do）；名词所有格（'s） 易错点 1：实义动词第三人称单数的词尾变化遗漏 【易错点】　把“我爸爸喜欢下棋”写成 My father like playing chess，把 study 的第三人称单数写成 studys，把 go 的第三人称单数写成 gos。 【错因分析】　学生只记住“第三人称单数加 -s”这一条最简规则，未掌握词尾字母对变化方式的制约。一般现在时第三人称单数的变化共有四种情形：① 一般动词直接加 -s；② 以 s、x、sh、ch、o 结尾加 -es；③ 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾变 y 为 i 再加 -es；④ have 变为 has。学生出错的根源是把“加 -s”绝对化，书写时也容易漏加词尾变化。 【正误对比】 【错例】My father like playing chess with my grandpa on weekends. → 【正例】My father likes playing chess with my grandpa on weekends. 【错例】My sister studys English with her friends every evening. → 【正例】My sister studies English with her friends every evening. 【错例】My mother go to the market every Sunday morning. → 【正例】My mother goes to the market every Sunday morning. 【语法规则】　一般动词加 -s，s/x/sh/ch/o 加 -es；辅音加 y 变 i 加 -es，have 变 has 单独记。 易错点 2：一般现在时否定句与疑问句中助动词与动词原形的重复标记 【易错点】　把否定句写成 My brother doesn't likes sports，把疑问句写成 Does your sister likes music? 【错因分析】　学生已记住第三人称单数动词要加 -s，在借助 does 构成否定与疑问时，仍习惯性保留该词尾，形成“does + 动词第三人称单数”的双重标记错误。英语语法规定：助动词 does 本身已承担第三人称单数的语法标记，其后的实义动词必须还原为原形。这一“标记唯一性”原则同样适用于 do。 【正误对比】 【错例】My brother doesn't likes sports, but he likes reading. → 【正例】My brother doesn't like sports, but he likes reading. 【错例】Does your sister likes playing the violin after school? → 【正例】Does your sister like playing the violin after school? 【错例】My parents don't watches TV in the evening. → 【正例】My parents don't watch TV in the evening. 【语法规则】　does 已带三单标，后接动词必原形；否定疑问同一理，标记唯一莫叠加。 易错点 3：名词所有格 's 的构成与复数名词标记误用 【易错点】　把“我妈妈的妹妹”写成 my mother sister，把“我父母的车”写成 my parents's car。 【错因分析】　学生尚未建立“名词表示所属关系需加 's”这一语法意识，习惯用两个名词直接并列，这是汉语“我妈妈妹妹”式表达的直接迁移。此外，学生容易混淆单数名词与复数名词的所有格标记：单数名词加 's；以 s 结尾的复数名词只加 '；不以 s 结尾的复数名词仍加 's。 【正误对比】 【错例】This is my mother sister, and she is a nurse. → 【正例】This is my mother's sister, and she is a nurse. 【错例】My parents's car is very old, but it still works well. → 【正例】My parents' car is very old, but it still works well. 【错例】The childrens' room is on the second floor. → 【正例】The children's room is on the second floor. 【语法规则】　单数名词加 's，s 尾复数只加 '；不规则复数加 's，children's 记分明。 易错点 4：名词所有格与形容词性物主代词的混用 【易错点】　把“他的爸爸”写成 he's father，把“这是她的书”写成 This is she's book。 【错因分析】　学生把 's 所有格与 he's、she's 这类缩写形式混淆，误以为 he's father 是“他的爸爸”。实际上，he's 是 he is 的缩写，而表示所属应使用形容词性物主代词 his。学生出错的原因是把两种不同的 's 形式混为一谈：名词所有格的 's（father's）与 be 动词缩写的 's（he's）形式相同但功能完全不同。 【正误对比】 【错例】He's father is a doctor in a big hospital. → 【正例】His father is a doctor in a big hospital. 【错例】This is she's new schoolbag, and it is very beautiful. → 【正例】This is her new schoolbag, and it is very beautiful. 【错例】My father's is a doctor in a big hospital. → 【正例】My father is a doctor in a big hospital. 【语法规则】　his/her 表所属，he's/she's 是缩写；名词后加 's 表所属，缩写 's 等于 is。 易错点 5：动词 have 与 has 的主语匹配错误 【易错点】　把“我有一个大家庭”写成 I has a big family，把“他有一个哥哥”写成 He have a brother。 【错因分析】　have 是英语中唯一在第三人称单数时变为 has 的实义动词，学生常因把它当作不受主语影响的一般动词而误用。正确规则是：主语为 I、you、we、they 及复数名词时用 have；主语为第三人称单数时用 has。此外，have 的否定与疑问须借助 do/does，此时动词还原为原形 have。 【正误对比】 【错例】I has a big family and we live together happily. → 【正例】I have a big family and we live together happily. 【错例】My cousin have a lovely little sister. → 【正例】My cousin has a lovely little sister. 【错例】Do your grandfather have any brothers or sisters? → 【正例】Does your grandfather have any brothers or sisters? 【语法规则】　三单主语用 has，其余主语用 have；否定疑问借 do/does，动词还原成 have。 易错点 6：一般现在时的时间状语与谓语形式脱节 【易错点】　把“我奶奶每天早上做早饭”写成 My grandma cooked breakfast every morning。 【错因分析】　学生只关注句子的意思，未注意时间状语对谓语形式的限定作用。英语中，一般现在时的典型时间状语包括 every day、every morning、on Sundays、often、usually、sometimes、always 等，表示经常性、习惯性的动作。当句中含这类状语时，谓语动词必须使用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数时动词要加 -s。学生出错的原因是缺乏“先看时间状语，再定谓语形式”的解题意识。 【正误对比】 【错例】My grandma cooked breakfast for us every morning. → 【正例】My grandma cooks breakfast for us every morning. 【错例】My parents usually go to the park on Sundays, and they walked there together. → 【正例】My parents usually go to the park on Sundays, and they walk there together. 【错例】My little brother often watched cartoons in the evening. → 【正例】My little brother often watches cartoons in the evening. 【语法规则】　every day、often、usually 配现在时；三单主语动词变，先看状语再定形。 易错点 7：介绍家庭成员的句型结构与信息完整性缺失 【易错点】　把“我家有四口人”写成 My family has four people 时误用 There be 结构，或写成 My family have four people 造成主谓不一致。 【错因分析】　学生把 family 当作可数复数名词处理，未注意 family 作“家庭”解时视为单数这一特点。英语中，family 作“家庭（整体）”解时是单数，谓语用单数形式（My family is a big one.）；作“家庭成员”解时是复数，谓语用复数形式（My family are all at home.）。此外，“我家有几口人”既可用 My family has ... people，也可用 There are ... people in my family，但两种结构不能混用。 【正误对比】 【错例】My family have four people: my parents, my sister and I. → 【正例】My family has four people: my parents, my sister and I. / There are four people in my family. 【错例】My family is all at home on Sunday evening. → 【正例】My family are all at home on Sunday evening.（强调家庭成员） 【错例】There have four people in my family. → 【正例】There are four people in my family. 【语法规则】　family 作整体用单数，作成员用复数；存在用 There be，拥有用 have/has。 Unit 2　We're Family! · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. My father ______ (like) playing chess with my grandpa on weekends. 2. My mother ______ (go) to the market every Sunday morning. 3. My sister ______ (study) English with her friends every evening. 4. ______ your grandfather ______ (have) any brothers or sisters? 5. My little brother ______ (not like) doing housework at all. 6. This is my ______ (mother) sister, and she is a nurse. 7. My ______ (parents) car is very old, but it still works well. 8. ______ (he) father is a doctor in a big hospital. 9. My grandma ______ (cook) breakfast for us every morning. 10. The ______ (children) room is on the second floor. 二、按要求改写句子 11. My father likes playing chess. (改为否定句) My father ______ ______ playing chess. 12. My sister goes to school by bike. (改为一般疑问句) ______ your sister ______ to school by bike? 13. My mother often goes to the park on Sundays. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ does your mother go to the park? 14. This is my mother's sister. (改为同义句) This is my ______. 15. There are four people in my family. (改为同义句) My family ______ four people. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）My father like playing chess with my grandpa on weekends. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）My brother doesn't likes sports at all. -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）This is my mother sister, and she is a nurse. -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）He's father is a doctor in a big hospital. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）My grandma cooked breakfast for us every morning. -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hello, I am Fu Xing. Let me tell you about my family. There 1. ______ (be) four people in my family: my father, my mother, my sister and I. My father 2. ______ (work) in a hospital. He 3. ______ (like) reading newspapers after dinner. My mother 4. ______ (be) a middle school teacher. She 5. ______ (not have) much free time on weekdays, but she often 6. ______ (cook) delicious food for us on Sundays. My sister 7. ______ (study) in a primary school. She 8. ______ (go) to school with me every morning. This is my 9. ______ (grandparents) house in the photo. We visit them every Spring Festival. I love my family, and we 10. ______ (be) very happy together. Unit 3　My School 【单元话题】　校园环境介绍、场所位置描述与校园生活体验 【语法项目】　There be 结构；方位介词 易错点 1：There be 结构与 have/has 的语义混淆 【易错点】　把“我们学校有一座图书馆”写成 Our school has there is a library，或把“教室里有一块黑板”写成 The classroom has a blackboard on the wall。 【错因分析】　汉语中的“有”在英语中对应两个完全不同的结构，学生常因字面相同而混用：① There be 表示“某处存在某物”，语义焦点在“物”的存在，主语是物，句首用 There；② have/has 表示“某人或某机构拥有某物”，语义焦点在“所有关系”，主语是人或机构。判断的关键是问自己：这句话要表达的是“存在”还是“拥有”。描述场所设施时，通常用 There be 结构。 【正误对比】 【错例】Our school has there is a big library and two reading rooms. → 【正例】There is a big library and two reading rooms in our school. / Our school has a big library and two reading rooms. 【错例】The classroom has a blackboard on the front wall. → 【正例】There is a blackboard on the front wall of the classroom. 【错例】There have many tall trees around our school. → 【正例】There are many tall trees around our school. 【语法规则】　存在某物 There be，拥有某物 have/has；两种结构不混用，一句之内莫叠加。 易错点 2：There be 句型的主谓一致与就近原则缺失 【易错点】　把“桌上有一支笔和两本书”写成 There are a pen and two books on the desk。 【错因分析】　学生只注意主语的总体数量，未掌握 There be 句型的就近原则——当主语为多个并列名词时，be 动词的形式由最靠近它的那个名词决定，而不是按总数判断。学生常按“一共有三个东西”这样的整体数量来判断，导致 a pen and two books 前误用 are。这一原则是 There be 句型区别于其他句型的重要特征。 【正误对比】 【错例】There are a pen and two books on the teacher's desk. → 【正例】There is a pen and two books on the teacher's desk. 【错例】There is two art rooms and a music room on the third floor. → 【正例】There are two art rooms and a music room on the third floor. 【错例】There are a map of China on the wall of our classroom. → 【正例】There is a map of China on the wall of our classroom. 【语法规则】　并列主语就近看，最近名词定单复；There is 加单数，There are 加复数。 易错点 3：There be 句型的否定句与一般疑问句变形错误 【易错点】　把否定句写成 There isn't have any books on the shelf，把疑问句写成 Do there any art rooms in your school? 【错因分析】　学生把实义动词的否定、疑问方式套用到 There be 句型上，借助 do/does，或额外添加 have。正确做法是：否定句直接在 be 动词后加 not（isn't/aren't），且句中的 some 需改为 any；一般疑问句把 be 动词提至句首，句末改问号，简略回答用 Yes, there is/are. 或 No, there isn't/aren't.。 【正误对比】 【错例】There isn't have any books on the shelf. → 【正例】There aren't any books on the shelf. 【错例】Do there any art rooms in your school? → 【正例】Are there any art rooms in your school? 【错例】Are there some computers in the computer room? Yes, there are some. → 【正例】Are there any computers in the computer room? Yes, there are. 【语法规则】　否定 be 后加 not，疑问 be 提句首；some 变 any 在否定疑问，简答 Yes, there is/are。 易错点 4：方位介词 in front of / behind / next to / across from 的语义混用 【易错点】　把“图书馆在教学楼后面”写成 The library is behind of the teaching building，把“邮局在学校对面”写成 The post office is across the school。 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的方位词直接对应成英语介词，忽略了英语中部分方位表达是固定短语这一特点。英语中，in front of（在……前面）、behind（在……后面）、next to（在……旁边）、across from（在……对面）、between ... and ...（在……之间）都是固定搭配：behind 后不接 of；across from 中的 from 不能省略；next to 中的 to 不能省略。学生出错的原因是只记住介词的核心词，遗漏了固定搭配中的其他成分。 【正误对比】 【错例】The library is behind of the teaching building. → 【正例】The library is behind the teaching building. 【错例】The post office is across the street from our school. → 【正例】The post office is across from our school. 【错例】The dining hall is next the playground. → 【正例】The dining hall is next to the playground. 【语法规则】　in front of 在面前，behind 后不加 of；next to 带 to，across from 带 from。 易错点 5：between 与 among 的适用对象误判 【易错点】　把“他坐在两个同学之间”写成 He sits among two classmates，把“他是这三个学生中最好的”写成 He is the best between the three students。 【错因分析】　学生把 between 与 among 都理解为“在……之间”，未掌握二者在适用对象数量上的区别。英语中，between 用于两者之间，常构成 between A and B 结构；among 用于三者或三者以上之间。学生出错的原因是没有把“数量”作为选择依据。此外，between 后接人称代词时须用宾格（between you and me）。 【正误对比】 【错例】My desk is among the teacher's desk and the window. → 【正例】My desk is between the teacher's desk and the window. 【错例】He is the tallest between the three boys in our class. → 【正例】He is the tallest among the three boys in our class. 【错例】This is a secret between you and I. → 【正例】This is a secret between you and me. 【语法规则】　between 用于两者间，among 用于三者上；between A and B 是常式，代词须用宾格。 易错点 6：in front of 与 in the front of 的语义混淆 【易错点】　把“老师站在教室前面”写成 The teacher is standing in front of the classroom。 【错因分析】　学生把 in front of 与 in the front of 视为同一表达，未注意定冠词 the 带来的语义差异。英语中，in front of 表示“在……外部的前面”（The tree is in front of the house.）；in the front of 表示“在……内部的前部”（The teacher is in the front of the classroom.）。判断依据是参照物与主体的空间关系——是在外部还是内部。 【正误对比】 【错例】The teacher is standing in front of the classroom and writing on the blackboard. → 【正例】The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom and writing on the blackboard. 【错例】There is a big tree in the front of our school gate. → 【正例】There is a big tree in front of our school gate. 【错例】She sits in front of the bus every day. → 【正例】She sits in the front of the bus every day. 【语法规则】　in front of 在外部前，in the front of 在内部前；有无 the 义不同，空间关系定取舍。 易错点 7：描述校园场所时介词与地点表达的搭配错误 【易错点】　把“我们学校在市中心”写成 Our school is in the center of city，把“图书馆在三楼”写成 The library is on the third floor of the building 时误写成 in the third floor。 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的地点表达逐字翻译，未掌握英语中介词与地点名词的固定搭配。英语中，楼层前用 on（on the third floor），不用 in；表示“在……的中心”用 in the center of + 名词（名词前须有冠词或限定词）；表示“在……附近”用 near，不用 next。学生出错的原因是没有对地点表达的介词搭配进行整理。 【正误对比】 【错例】The school library is in the third floor of the main building. → 【正例】The school library is on the third floor of the main building. 【错例】Our school is in the center of city, so it is easy to get to. → 【正例】Our school is in the center of the city, so it is easy to get to. 【错例】The playground is next the teaching building. → 【正例】The playground is near the teaching building. / The playground is next to the teaching building. 【语法规则】　楼层之前用 on，中心表达 of 带冠；next to 须带 to，near 后直接接名词。 Unit 3　My School · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. There ______ (be) a big library and two reading rooms in our school. 2. There ______ (be) many tall trees around the playground. 3. ______ (be) there any art rooms on the third floor? 4. The dining hall is ______ (next) to the teaching building. 5. My desk is ______ the teacher's desk and the window. 6. There ______ (not be) any computers in our classroom. 7. The post office is ______ from our school gate. 8. There ______ (be) a map of China on the wall of our classroom. 9. The school library is ______ the third floor of the main building. 10. There is a big tree ______ front of our school gate. 二、按要求改写句子 11. There are some books on the shelf. (改为否定句) There ______ ______ books on the shelf. 12. There is a music room on the second floor. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) ______ ______ a music room on the second floor? Yes, ______ ______. 13. There are twenty classrooms in our school. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ classrooms are there in your school? 14. The library is behind the teaching building. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ the library? 15. My school has a big playground. (用 There be 结构改写句子) ______ ______ a big playground in my school. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）There have many tall trees around our school. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）There are a pen and two books on the teacher's desk. -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）The library is behind of the teaching building. -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）My desk is among the teacher's desk and the window. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）The school library is in the third floor of the main building. -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Welcome to our school! It is not very big, but it is very beautiful. There 1. ______ (be) three teaching buildings and a library in it. The library is 2. ______ the third floor of the main building. There 3. ______ (be) more than ten thousand books in it. The dining hall is 4. ______ to the teaching building, and it is very big. 5. ______ from the dining hall is our playground. There 6. ______ (be) a big tree and many flowers in the school garden. The garden is 7. ______ the library and the dining hall. 8. ______ (be) there any computer rooms in your school? Yes, there are two. They are on the second floor. I like my school very much because there 9. ______ (be) so many interesting places here. Every day I 10. ______ (have) a good time at school. Unit 4　My Favourite Subject 【单元话题】　学科喜好、学习感受与不同学科的价值 【语法项目】　连词 and、but、because 易错点 1：and 与 but 的语义关系误用 【易错点】　把“我喜欢英语，但我不喜欢数学”写成 I like English and I don't like maths。 【错因分析】　学生把 and 当作可以连接任意两个分句的通用连词，未注意 and 与 but 在语义关系上的分工。英语中，and 表示并列、递进关系，前后内容方向一致；but 表示转折关系，前后内容方向相反。学生出错的原因是没有在选用连词前判断两个分句之间的语义关系，凭语感随手使用 and。 【正误对比】 【错例】I like English very much and I am not good at maths. → 【正例】I like English very much, but I am not good at maths. 【错例】My favourite subject is history, but I also like geography. → 【正例】My favourite subject is history, and I also like geography. 【错例】He works hard and he still can't get good grades in maths. → 【正例】He works hard, but he still can't get good grades in maths. 【语法规则】　and 表并列递进，but 表转折对比；先辨语义关系，再选连词莫随意。 易错点 2：because 与 so 在同一句中并用 【易错点】　把“因为历史很有趣，所以我喜欢历史”写成 Because history is interesting, so I like it。 【错因分析】　汉语中“因为……所以……”是成对出现的关联词，学生受此影响，在英语句子中同时使用 because 和 so，形成结构冗余错误。英语语法规定：because 与 so 不能在同一句中同时使用，二者只能择其一。若要突出原因，用 because 引导原因状语从句；若要突出结果，用 so 引导结果分句。这一差异的实质是：英语的主从复合句采用单轨逻辑，一个句子只保留一个连接词，而汉语的关联词成对使用属于双轨结构。 【正误对比】 【错例】Because history is very interesting, so I like it best. → 【正例】Because history is very interesting, I like it best. / History is very interesting, so I like it best. 【错例】Because I am not good at maths, so I often ask my teacher for help. → 【正例】Because I am not good at maths, I often ask my teacher for help. 【错例】My teacher is very kind, so because of that I like her class. → 【正例】My teacher is very kind, so I like her class. 【语法规则】　because 与 so 不同现，二者择一莫叠加；英语单轨连接词，汉语双轨莫照搬。 易错点 3：because 引导的原因状语从句结构不完整 【易错点】　把“因为我喜欢画画，所以我加入了美术社”写成 Because I like drawing. So I joined the art club。 【错因分析】　学生把 because 引导的从句当作独立句子处理，用句号断开，造成结构破碎。英语中，because 引导的是原因状语从句，属于从属分句，必须与主句共同构成一个完整的复合句：从句置于句首时，其后用逗号与主句分隔；从句置于句末时，主句与从句之间通常不用逗号。学生出错的原因是未建立“从句不能独立成句”这一句法意识。 【正误对比】 【错例】Because I like drawing. So I joined the school art club. → 【正例】Because I like drawing, I joined the school art club. 【错例】I like my English teacher. Because she is very kind and patient. → 【正例】I like my English teacher because she is very kind and patient. 【错例】Because my maths is poor, so I will work harder. → 【正例】Because my maths is poor, I will work harder. 【语法规则】　because 引导从句不独立，须与主句连成体；从句在前加逗号，从句在后不用逗。 易错点 4：连词连接并列成分时的结构一致性缺失 【易错点】　把“我喜欢英语和历史”写成 I like English and to study history，把“她擅长唱歌和跳舞”写成 She is good at singing and to dance。 【错因分析】　学生只注意用 and、but 把两部分连起来，未注意连接的两部分在语法形式上应当保持一致（即平行结构原则）。英语中，连词连接的两个成分必须是同类结构：名词与名词并列、动词与动词并列、形容词与形容词并列。学生常见错误是名词与动词短语并列，或不定式与动名词并列，造成结构失衡。这一原则是英语句式严谨性的重要体现。 【正误对比】 【错例】I like English and to study history in my free time. → 【正例】I like English and history. / I like studying English and history in my free time. 【错例】My favourite subjects are maths, English and to learn science. → 【正例】My favourite subjects are maths, English and science. 【错例】She is good at singing and to dance. → 【正例】She is good at singing and dancing. 【语法规则】　连词连接须平行，名词配名词动词配动词；形式一致是原则，结构失衡即出错。 易错点 5：连词前逗号的使用与三个以上并列成分的连接 【易错点】　把“我喜欢数学、英语和科学”写成 I like maths, English, science，遗漏了 and。 【错因分析】　学生受汉语顿号列举习惯的影响，用逗号列举多个成分时遗漏了最后一个连词 and。英语中，三个或三个以上成分并列时，前面各项之间用逗号分隔，最后一项之前必须加 and（也可加逗号，即牛津逗号），不能只靠逗号连接。此外，两个并列成分之间一般不用逗号（I like English and maths.）；两个较长的分句并列时，连词前可加逗号。 【正误对比】 【错例】My favourite subjects are maths, English, science. → 【正例】My favourite subjects are maths, English and science. 【错例】I like English, and maths.（两项并列，逗号多余） → 【正例】I like English and maths. 【错例】We have Chinese, maths English and PE on Monday. → 【正例】We have Chinese, maths, English and PE on Monday. 【语法规则】　多项并列逗号隔，最后一项前加 and；两项并列不用逗，标点规范莫随意。 Unit 4　My Favourite Subject · 配套练习 一、用适当的连词填空 1. I like English very much, ______ I am not good at maths. 2. My favourite subjects are history, geography ______ Chinese. 3. ______ history is very interesting, I like it best. 4. He works very hard, ______ he still can't get good grades in maths. 5. My teacher is very kind, ______ I like her class very much. 6. I like drawing, ______ I joined the school art club. 7. She is good at singing ______ dancing. 8. ______ I am not good at maths, I often ask my teacher for help. 9. My favourite subjects are maths, English ______ science. 10. I like PE, ______ I don't like running. 二、按要求改写句子 11. I like English. I don't like maths. (用 but 合并句子) __________________________ 12. History is interesting. I like it best. (用 because 合并句子) __________________________ 13. My teacher is very kind. I like her class. (用 so 合并句子) __________________________ 14. I like maths and English. (改为否定句，用 or) I ______ like maths ______ English. 15. She likes singing. She likes dancing, too. (用 and 合并句子) __________________________ 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）Because history is very interesting, so I like it best. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）I like English very much and I am not good at maths. -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）I like my English teacher. Because she is very kind and patient. -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）My favourite subjects are maths, English, science. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）She is good at singing and to dance. -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We learn many different subjects at school. My favourite subjects are English, history 1. ______ geography. I like English 2. ______ it is very useful. I can talk with people from other countries. I like history 3. ______ geography, too, 4. ______ I am not good at maths. Maths is difficult for me, 5. ______ I often ask my teacher for help after class. My friend Li Ming is different. He likes maths 6. ______ science best. He says maths is like a game, 7. ______ it is very interesting. We have different favourites, 8. ______ we are still good friends. We often help each other. He helps me with my maths, 9. ______ I help him with his English. I think every subject is useful, 10. ______ we should work hard at all of them. Unit 5　Fun Clubs 【单元话题】　学校社团介绍、兴趣特长展示与加入社团的申请 【语法项目】　情态动词 can（表能力） 易错点 1：can 后误接动词的第三人称单数或不定式形式 【易错点】　把“他会弹吉他”写成 He can plays the guitar，把“我能游泳”写成 I can to swim。 【错因分析】　学生受一般现在时第三人称单数加 -s 的影响，在 can 后仍给动词加 -s；同时把 can 与 be able to 的结构混淆，误加 to。英语语法规定：情态动词 can 后必须接动词原形，不受主语人称和数的影响，也不加 to。这一规则适用于所有情态动词（can、must、should、may 等）。 【正误对比】 【错例】My brother can plays the guitar very well. → 【正例】My brother can play the guitar very well. 【错例】I can to swim, but I can't to dive. → 【正例】I can swim, but I can't dive. 【错例】She cans sing many English songs. → 【正例】She can sing many English songs. 【语法规则】　can 后动词用原形，不加 -s 不加 to；主谓一致不影响，情态动词不受限。 易错点 2：can 的否定形式书写与语义错误 【易错点】　把 can not 写成 cannot 时误写为 can not 两个词，或把否定形式写成 doesn't can。 【错因分析】　学生把实义动词的否定方式套用到情态动词上，借助 do/does，形成 doesn't can 这类错误。英语中，can 的否定形式有两种：cannot（一个词，较正式）和 can't（缩写形式，口语常用），二者都直接在 can 后加 not。此外需注意，can't 与 cannot 同义，不能写成 can not 两个词的形式（虽在特定强调语境中存在，但初中阶段统一使用 cannot 或 can't）。 【正误对比】 【错例】My sister doesn't can play the piano. → 【正例】My sister can't play the piano. 【错例】I can not swim very well, but I like water sports. → 【正例】I can't swim very well, but I like water sports. 【错例】He doesn't can speak Japanese. → 【正例】He cannot speak Japanese. 【语法规则】　can 否定后加 not，cannot 与 can't 二者选；不借 do/does 助，情态动词自成句。 易错点 3：can 的一般疑问句与简略回答结构错误 【易错点】　把“你会弹钢琴吗”写成 Do you can play the piano?，把简答写成 Yes, I can play.。 【错因分析】　学生把实义动词的疑问句方式套用到含 can 的句子上，借助 do/does；同时在简略回答中把动词一并带上，造成冗余。英语中，can 的一般疑问句直接把 can 提至句首，句末改问号；简略回答用 Yes, sb. can. 或 No, sb. can't.，情态动词后不再接动词。 【正误对比】 【错例】Do you can play the piano? → 【正例】Can you play the piano? 【错例】Can you swim? Yes, I can swim. → 【正例】Can you swim? Yes, I can. 【错例】Does he can join the music club? → 【正例】Can he join the music club? 【语法规则】　can 提句首成疑问，简答只留 can/can't；不借 do/does 助，动词不再重复出现。 易错点 4：can 表能力与表许可、请求的语义混用 【易错点】　把“我可以加入你们社团吗”写成 Can I can join your club? 【错因分析】　学生只掌握 can 表能力这一用法，未注意 can 还可以表示许可、请求，且在同一句中不能重复使用。英语中，can 表能力（I can swim.）、表许可（You can go now.）、表请求（Can I use your pen?）。表达“我可以……吗”时，用 Can I ...? 结构即可，不能再加一个 can。 【正误对比】 【错例】Can I can join your English club? → 【正例】Can I join your English club? 【错例】You can can play the guitar in the music room after class. → 【正例】You can play the guitar in the music room after class. 【错例】Can I to join the school art club? → 【正例】Can I join the school art club? 【语法规则】　can 表能力与许可，同句之中不重复；请求用 Can I ...?，后接动词原形。 易错点 5：询问能力与询问爱好的句型混用 【易错点】　把“你擅长什么”写成 What can you good at?，把“你会做什么”写成 What do you can do? 【错因分析】　学生把 can（能力）与 be good at（擅长）、like doing（爱好）三类表达混为一谈，在句型结构中互相嵌套，造成语法错误。英语中，询问能力用 What can you do? 或 Can you ...?；询问擅长用 What are you good at?；询问爱好用 What do you like doing?。三类句型的谓语结构各不相同，不能混用。 【正误对比】 【错例】What do you can do in the music club? → 【正例】What can you do in the music club? 【错例】What can you good at? → 【正例】What are you good at? 【错例】What are you can do for the school art show? → 【正例】What can you do for the school art show? 【语法规则】　能力问 What can you do，擅长问 be good at；爱好问 like doing，三类句型不混用。 易错点 6：社团申请情境中 can 与其他动词的搭配错误 【易错点】　把“我想加入美术社，因为我会画画”写成 I want to join the art club because I can drawing。 【错因分析】　学生把 can 后接动词原形与介词后接动名词两种规则混用，在 can 后误用动名词。此外，学生在写社团申请时容易把“想加入”（want to do）与“会做”（can do）两个结构混写。正确形式为：want to join（想加入，to 后接动词原形）+ because I can draw（因为我会画，can 后接动词原形）。 【正误对比】 【错例】I want to join the art club because I can drawing very well. → 【正例】I want to join the art club because I can draw very well. 【错例】I can to play basketball and I want join the sports club. → 【正例】I can play basketball and I want to join the sports club. 【错例】Can you to help me with my English? → 【正例】Can you help me with my English? 【语法规则】　can 后接动词原形，want to 后也接原形；两者皆不带 -ing，结构清晰莫混淆。 Unit 5　Fun Clubs · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. My brother can ______ (play) the guitar very well. 2. I can ______ (swim), but I can't ______ (dive). 3. ______ you ______ (play) the piano? 4. My sister ______ (not can) play the violin. 5. What can you ______ (do) for the school art show? 6. I want ______ (join) the school music club. 7. She is good at ______ (sing) and dancing. 8. Can you ______ (help) me with my English after class? 9. My cousin can ______ (speak) three languages. 10. I like ______ (draw) pictures in my free time. 二、按要求改写句子 11. She can play the guitar. (改为否定句) She ______ ______ the guitar. 12. I can swim very well. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) ______ you ______ very well? Yes, ______ ______. 13. My brother can play basketball. (对划线部分 play basketball 提问) ______ ______ your brother ______? 14. He can join the music club. (改为一般疑问句) ______ he ______ the music club? 15. I want to join the art club because I can draw well. (对划线部分 because I can draw well 提问) ______ ______ you want to join the art club? 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）My brother can plays the guitar very well. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）Do you can play the piano? -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）Can I can join your English club? -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）I want to join the art club because I can drawing very well. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）Can you swim? Yes, I can swim. -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are many fun clubs in our school. Students 1. ______ (can) join different clubs. Li Hua 2. ______ (can) play the guitar very well, so he wants 3. ______ (join) the music club. His sister Li Mei can 4. ______ (sing) many English songs, but she 5. ______ (not can) play any instrument. She is good at 6. ______ (draw), so she wants to join the art club. I like 7. ______ (play) basketball, and I can 8. ______ (run) very fast. 9. ______ you play basketball? If you can, you can join our club. We 10. ______ (can) help each other and have a lot of fun together. Unit 6　A Day in the Life 【单元话题】　日常作息安排、时间管理与不同国家学生的校园生活 【语法项目】　时间表达；Wh- 疑问句（what time, when, what） 易错点 1：时间表达法中 past 与 to 的误用 【易错点】　把 6:45 写成 forty-five past six，把 7:50 写成 ten past eight。 【错因分析】　学生只记住 past 表示“过”，未掌握时间表达中 past 与 to 的区分依据。英语中，分钟数在 30 分钟以内（含 30）时用 past，表示“几点过几分”（ten past seven 七点十分）；分钟数超过 30 时用 to，表示“差几分到几点”（twenty to eight 七点四十）。学生出错的原因是没有以“30 分钟”为分界线来判断。 【正误对比】 【错例】I get up at half to seven every morning. → 【正例】I get up at half past six every morning. 【错例】Our first class begins at thirty past eight in the morning. → 【正例】Our first class begins at half past eight in the morning. 【错例】The film starts at forty-five past six. → 【正例】The film starts at a quarter to seven. 【语法规则】　30 分内用 past，超过 30 用 to；quarter 是 15 分，half 是 30 分；顺读逆读皆可用。 易错点 2：时间介词 at / in / on 的选用错误 【易错点】　把“在早上七点”写成 in seven o'clock，把“在星期一”写成 at Monday，把“在早晨”写成 on the morning。 【错因分析】　学生把 at、in、on 三个时间介词视为可以互换，未掌握各自适用的时间范围。英语中，at 用于具体时刻（at seven o'clock、at noon、at night）；on 用于具体某一天或某天的上下午（on Monday、on 1st October、on Monday morning）；in 用于较长时间段（in the morning、in October、in 2026、in summer）。判断依据是时间单位的长度与具体程度。 【正误对比】 【错例】I usually get up at six o'clock on the morning on weekdays. → 【正例】I usually get up at six o'clock in the morning on weekdays. 【错例】We have our first class in eight o'clock. → 【正例】We have our first class at eight o'clock. 【错例】Our school sports meeting is at October. → 【正例】Our school sports meeting is in October. 【语法规则】　具体时刻用 at，具体某天用 on，月份年份季节用 in；时间长度定介词，莫凭语感随意选。 易错点 3：What time 与 When 的适用场景混用 【易错点】　把“你什么时候过生日”写成 What time is your birthday? 【错因分析】　学生把 What time 与 When 视为完全等同、可以互换，未注意二者在提问精度上的差别。英语中，What time 用于询问具体的钟点（What time do you get up? 回答 At six.）；When 用于询问较宽泛的时间，可以是日期、月份、年份或具体时刻（When is your birthday? 回答 On 5th May.）。若问生日、节日这类不涉及钟点的时间，应用 When。 【正误对比】 【错例】What time is your birthday? It is on 5th May. → 【正例】When is your birthday? It is on 5th May. 【错例】When do you get up every morning? At six thirty. → 【正例】What time do you get up every morning? At six thirty.（若强调具体钟点，用 What time 更贴切） 【错例】What time is the school sports meeting? It is in October. → 【正例】When is the school sports meeting? It is in October. 【语法规则】　问钟点用 What time，问日期月份用 When；精度不同莫混用，答语时间定问词。 易错点 4：Wh- 疑问句的语序倒装缺失 【易错点】　把“你几点吃早饭”写成 What time you have breakfast?，把“你放学后做什么”写成 What you do after school? 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的疑问句按陈述句语序直译，遗漏了英语疑问句所必需的助动词或 be 动词倒装。英语中，含实义动词的 Wh- 疑问句结构为“疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形”（What time do you have breakfast?）；含 be 动词的为“疑问词 + be + 主语”（What time is your first class?）。学生出错的原因是没有把“疑问句需倒装”当作必须执行的句法规则。 【正误对比】 【错例】What time you have breakfast every morning? → 【正例】What time do you have breakfast every morning? 【错例】What you do after school? → 【正例】What do you do after school? 【错例】What time your first class begins? → 【正例】What time does your first class begin? 【语法规则】　疑问词后接助动词，do/does 引出主语；动词一律用原形，be 动词提前是常式。 易错点 5：频度副词在句中的位置错放 【易错点】　把“他总是很忙”写成 He always is busy，把“我通常六点起床”写成 I get usually up at six。 【错因分析】　学生把频度副词与时间状语等同看待，习惯性置于句首或句末，未掌握频度副词在实义动词与 be 动词前后的位置差异。英语中，always、usually、often、sometimes、never 等频度副词的位置遵循一条明确规律：位于实义动词之前，位于 be 动词、助动词、情态动词之后。学生出错的原因是没有区分谓语动词的类型，一律按同一位置处理。 【正误对比】 【错例】He always is busy with his homework in the evening. → 【正例】He is always busy with his homework in the evening. 【错例】I get usually up at six o'clock in the morning. → 【正例】I usually get up at six o'clock in the morning. 【错例】She does often her homework after dinner. → 【正例】She often does her homework after dinner. 【语法规则】　实义动词频副前，be 动助动情态后；位置口诀记心间，always 前后定分明。 易错点 6：描述日常作息时的时态与时间表达不一致 【易错点】　把“我每天六点半起床”写成 I got up at six thirty every day。 【错因分析】　学生只关注句子意思，未注意时间状语对谓语形式的限定作用。英语中，描述日常作息规律时使用一般现在时，与 every day、every morning、on weekdays、usually、often 等状语连用。学生常因叙述“过去发生的事”而误用一般过去时，忽略了一日作息属于经常性、习惯性的动作这一性质。 【正误对比】 【错例】I got up at six thirty and went to school at seven every day. → 【正例】I get up at six thirty and go to school at seven every day. 【错例】My father usually drove me to school last term, and he still does it now. → 【正例】My father usually drives me to school. 【错例】We had four classes in the morning every day. → 【正例】We have four classes in the morning every day. 【语法规则】　日常作息用现在时，every day、usually 是标志；习惯动作用现在，莫与过去时混淆。 Unit 6　A Day in the Life · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I usually get up at ______ (half) past six in the morning. 2. Our first class begins at ______ (eight) o'clock every morning. 3. We have our school sports meeting ______ October every year. 4. ______ time do you have breakfast every morning? 5. ______ is your birthday? It is on 5th May. 6. My father ______ (usual) drives me to school. 7. She ______ (do) her homework after dinner every day. 8. What ______ you ______ (do) after school? 9. I ______ (get) up at six thirty and go to school at seven every day. 10. The film starts at a ______ (quarter) to seven. 二、按要求改写句子 11. I get up at six thirty every morning. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ do you get up every morning? 12. My birthday is on 5th May. (对划线部分 提问) ______ ______ your birthday? 13. She has lunch at school every day. (改为一般疑问句) ______ she ______ lunch at school every day? 14. I do my homework after dinner. (改为否定句) I ______ ______ my homework after dinner. 15. It is seven forty-five. (用逆读法改写句子) It is ______ ______ ______ eight. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）We have our first class in eight o'clock. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）What time is your birthday? It is on 5th May. -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）What time you have breakfast every morning? -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）I get usually up at six o'clock in the morning. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）I got up at six thirty and went to school at seven every day. -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My name is Li Hua. Let me tell you about my school day. I usually 1. ______ (get) up at six thirty in the morning. I 2. ______ (have) breakfast at seven o'clock. My father 3. ______ (drive) me to school at seven twenty. Our first class 4. ______ (begin) at eight. We have four classes in the morning. 5. ______ time do we have lunch? At twelve o'clock. In the afternoon, we have two classes. After school, I 6. ______ (play) basketball with my friends. I 7. ______ (get) home at about five thirty. My mother 8. ______ (cook) dinner at six. After dinner, I do my homework. I 9. ______ (go) to bed at ten o'clock. 10. ______ do you spend your school day? Please tell me about it. Unit 7　Happy Birthday! 【单元话题】　生日庆祝方式、生日礼物与生日意义 【语法项目】　序数词；Wh- 疑问句复习 易错点 1：序数词的构成规则与特殊形式遗漏 【易错点】　把 fifth 写成 fiveth，把 ninth 写成 nineth，把 twelfth 写成 twelveth，把 twentieth 写成 twentyth。 【错因分析】　学生只记住“基数词加 -th”这一条最简规则，未掌握序数词的几类特殊变化：① first、second、third 为不规则形式；② fifth、eighth、ninth、twelfth 在拼写上有所调整（five→fifth 去 e 加 th；nine→ninth 去 e 加 th；twelve→twelfth 变 ve 为 f 加 th；eight→eighth 只加 h）；③ 以 y 结尾的整十数变 y 为 ie 再加 -th（twenty→twentieth）；④ 两位数只把个位变成序数词（twenty-first、thirty-second）。 【正误对比】 【错例】My birthday is on the fiveth of May. → 【正例】My birthday is on the fifth of May. 【错例】September is the nineth month of the year. → 【正例】September is the ninth month of the year. 【错例】Today is my twentyth birthday and I am very happy. → 【正例】Today is my twentieth birthday and I am very happy. 【语法规则】　一二三不规则，fifth/ninth/twelfth 有变体；整十变 y 为 ie，两位数只变个位。 易错点 2：序数词前定冠词 the 的遗漏与误加 【易错点】　把“他是我第一个朋友”写成 He is my first friend 时误加 the，写成 He is my the first friend。 【错因分析】　学生记住“序数词前用 the”这一条规则后，未注意规则适用的前提——序数词前有限定词（my、his、Tom's 等）时，不再加 the。英语中，序数词前通常加 the（the first day、the second floor），但若前面已有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，则不能再加 the。 【正误对比】 【错例】He is my the first friend in junior high school. → 【正例】He is my first friend in junior high school. 【错例】Today is the my twelfth birthday. → 【正例】Today is my twelfth birthday. 【错例】Our classroom is on second floor. → 【正例】Our classroom is on the second floor. 【语法规则】　序数词前通常加 the，但有限定词时不再加；my first、Tom's second 是常式。 易错点 3：日期表达中介词与序数词的搭配错误 【易错点】　把“在 5 月 5 日”写成 in 5th May，把“在 2026 年 10 月”写成 on October 2026。 【错因分析】　学生把日期表达中的介词一律用 in，未掌握英语中日期介词的使用规则。英语中，具体到某一天用 on（on 5th May、on May 5th）；只涉及月份或年份时用 in（in May、in October、in 2026）。此外，日期的书写有英式（5th May）和美式（May 5th）两种，读法上都用序数词。 【正误对比】 【错例】My birthday is in 5th May, and my sister's is in 1st October. → 【正例】My birthday is on 5th May, and my sister's is on 1st October. 【错例】Our school sports meeting is on October this year. → 【正例】Our school sports meeting is in October this year. 【错例】He was born on 2026. → 【正例】He was born in 2026. 【语法规则】　具体某天用 on，月份年份用 in；日期读法用序数，5th May 与 May 5th 皆可。 易错点 4：询问生日的疑问句与答语结构错误 【易错点】　把“你的生日是什么时候”写成 When your birthday is?，把答语写成 My birthday is in 5th May。 【错因分析】　学生把汉语的疑问句按陈述句语序直译，遗漏了 be 动词的倒装；同时答语中介词选用错误。英语中，询问生日的句型为 When is your birthday? 或 What's the date of your birthday?，答语用 It's on + 具体日期 或 My birthday is on + 具体日期。学生出错的两个根源：一是疑问句语序意识薄弱，二是日期介词掌握不牢。 【正误对比】 【错例】When your birthday is? → 【正例】When is your birthday? 【错例】When is your birthday? My birthday is in 5th May. → 【正例】When is your birthday? My birthday is on 5th May. 【错例】What is your birthday? It is on 1st October. → 【正例】When is your birthday? It is on 1st October. 【语法规则】　问生日用 When is，be 动词提句首；答语 on 加日期，具体某天莫用 in。 易错点 5：Wh- 疑问词选用与句式的匹配错误 【易错点】　把“你多大了”写成 How many are you?，把“你和谁一起庆祝生日”写成 Who do you celebrate your birthday? 【错因分析】　学生对 Wh- 疑问词的功能划分掌握不牢，容易在具体语境中选错疑问词。英语中，what 询问事物或内容，when 询问时间，where 询问地点，who 询问人，how 询问方式或程度，how old 询问年龄，how many 询问可数名词数量，why 询问原因。学生出错的原因是没有把疑问词与所问信息的类别建立对应关系。 【正误对比】 【错例】How many are you? I am thirteen years old. → 【正例】How old are you? I am thirteen years old. 【错例】Who do you celebrate your birthday? I celebrate it with my family. → 【正例】Who do you celebrate your birthday with? I celebrate it with my family. 【错例】How do you celebrate your birthday? On 5th May. → 【正例】When do you celebrate your birthday? On 5th May. 【语法规则】　问年龄 How old，问数量 How many；问时间用 When，问方式用 How；介词不可丢。 易错点 6：生日情境中常见动词搭配与句型错误 【易错点】　把“我收到了很多礼物”写成 I received many gift，把“他邀请我参加他的生日聚会”写成 He invited me join his birthday party。 【错因分析】　学生存在两类错误：① 名词复数遗漏，many 后必须接可数名词复数（many gifts）；② 动词搭配错误，invite sb. to do sth. 中的 to 不能省略，而 invite sb. to + 地点/活动 中的 to 是介词。学生出错的原因是只记住动词的核心意义，未掌握其固定搭配结构。 【正误对比】 【错例】I received many gift on my birthday. → 【正例】I received many gifts on my birthday. 【错例】He invited me join his birthday party last Sunday. → 【正例】He invited me to join his birthday party last Sunday. 【错例】My friends gave me a lot of present. → 【正例】My friends gave me a lot of presents. 【语法规则】　many 后接名词复数，a lot of 后同样如此；invite sb. to do sth.，to 不可省。 Unit 7　Happy Birthday! · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. My birthday is on the ______ (five) of May. 2. September is the ______ (nine) month of the year. 3. Today is my ______ (twelve) birthday and I am very happy. 4. He is my ______ (one) friend in junior high school. 5. Our classroom is on the ______ (two) floor of the teaching building. 6. ______ is your birthday? It is on 5th May. 7. ______ old are you? I am thirteen years old. 8. I received many ______ (gift) on my birthday. 9. He invited me ______ (join) his birthday party last Sunday. 10. ______ do you celebrate your birthday? I usually have a party with my family. 二、按要求改写句子 11. My birthday is on 5th May. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ your birthday? 12. I am thirteen years old. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ are you? 13. She celebrates her birthday with her family. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ she celebrate her birthday ______? 14. My brother is thirteen. (改为同义句) My brother is thirteen ______ ______. 15. I usually have a birthday party at home. (改为一般疑问句) ______ you usually ______ a birthday party at home? 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. （诊断改错）My birthday is on the fiveth of May. -> ____________________ 17. （诊断改错）He is my the first friend in junior high school. -> ____________________ 18. （诊断改错）When is your birthday? My birthday is in 5th May. -> ____________________ 19. （诊断改错）How many are you? I am thirteen years old. -> ____________________ 20. （诊断改错）I received many gift on my birthday. -> ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My name is Wang Mei. My birthday is 1. ______ 5th May. It is my 2. ______ (twelve) birthday this year. 3. ______ is your birthday? I hope you can tell me. On my birthday, I usually 4. ______ (have) a party with my family. My mother 5. ______ (make) a big birthday cake for me. I 6. ______ (receive) many gifts from my friends and family. My best friend Li Hua 7. ______ (give) me a nice notebook every year. This year, she invited me 8. ______ (go) to the park with her. 9. ______ old is she? She is thirteen years old, too. We often celebrate our birthdays together 10. ______ we were born in the same month. 参考答案与解析 Starter Unit 1　Hello! 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Good　2. evening　3. What　4. spell　5. to meet　6. She　7. China　8. English　9. too　10. Are 二、按要求改写句子 11. What is　12. Are you　13. is not　14. He is　15. Hello, I am Ella. I am from England. 三、单句改错 16. 把 Good morning 改为 Good afternoon　 17. 在 What 后加 is（或改为 What's）　 18. 把 hello 改为 Hello，把 i 改为 I，把 peter 改为 Peter，把 china 改为 China　 19. 把 How to spell 改为 How do you spell　 20. 在句末加 too 四、语篇语法填空 1. morning　2. from　3. to meet　4. too　5. How　6. afternoon　7. are　8. evening　9. Are　10. am Starter Unit 2　Keep Tidy! 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. an　2. watches　3. These　4. is　5. boxes　6. in　7. do; have　8. you　9. under　10. are 二、按要求改写句子 11. These are　12. How many　13. Where is　14. What colour　15. Does; have 三、单句改错 16. 把 a eraser 改为 an eraser　 17. 把 This 改为 These　 18. 把 boxs 改为 boxes　 19. 把 on 改为 in　 20. 在 What 后加 do 四、语篇语法填空 1. an　2. notebooks　3. on　4. pens　5. eraser　6. under　7. These　8. What　9. in　10. says Starter Unit 3　Welcome! 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. What　2. are　3. rabbits　4. tomatoes; potatoes　5. sheep　6. is　7. children　8. do; have　9. geese　10. It 二、按要求改写句子 11. These; ducks　12. How many　13. Is that　14. How many　15. aren't any 三、单句改错 16. 把 are 改为 is　 17. 把 rabbit 改为 rabbits　 18. 把 have 改为 is　 19. 把 tomatos 改为 tomatoes，把 potatos 改为 potatoes　 20. 在 they 前加 do 四、语篇语法填空 1. What　2. What　3. ducks　4. geese　5. are　6. chickens　7. sheep　8. is　9. tomatoes　10. very Unit 1　You and Me 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. am　2. are　3. Are　4. His　5. are; from　6. Her　7. are　8. Is　9. am not　10. She 二、按要求改写句子 11. is not　12. Are; they are　13. Where are　14. How old　15. He is 三、单句改错 16. 把 is 改为 am　 17. 把 He 改为 His　 18. 在 Where 后加 are　 19. 把 I and he 改为 He and I，把 is 改为 are　 20. 去掉 Do 四、语篇语法填空 1. is　2. am　3. am　4. is　5. His　6. He　7. is　8. are　9. Do　10. us Unit 2　We're Family! 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. likes　2. goes　3. studies　4. Does; have　5. doesn't like　6. mother's　7. parents'　8. His　9. cooks　10. children's 二、按要求改写句子 11. doesn't like　12. Does; go　13. How often　14. aunt　15. has 三、单句改错 16. 把 like 改为 likes　 17. 把 likes 改为 like　 18. 把 mother sister 改为 mother's sister　 19. 把 He's 改为 His　 20. 把 cooked 改为 cooks 四、语篇语法填空 1. are　2. works　3. likes　4. is　5. doesn't have　6. cooks　7. studies　8. goes　9. grandparents'　10. are Unit 3　My School 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. is　2. are　3. Are　4. next　5. between　6. aren't　7. across　8. is　9. on　10. in 二、按要求改写句子 11. aren't any　12. Is there; there is　13. How many　14. Where is　15. There is 三、单句改错 16. 把 have 改为 are　17. 把 are 改为 is　18. 去掉 of　19. 把 among 改为 between　20. 把 in 改为 on 四、语篇语法填空 1. are　2. on　3. are　4. next　5. Across　6. is　7. between　8. Are　9. are　10. have Unit 4　My Favourite Subject 一、用适当的连词填空 1. but　2. and　3. Because　4. but　5. so　6. so　7. and　8. Because　9. and　10. but 二、按要求改写句子 11. I like English, but I don't like maths.　12. Because history is interesting, I like it best.　13. My teacher is very kind, so I like her class.　14. don't; or　15. She likes singing and dancing. 三、单句改错 16. 去掉 so　17. 把 and 改为 but　18. 把句号改为逗号，把 Because 改为 because　19. 在 science 前加 and　20. 把 to dance 改为 dancing 四、语篇语法填空 1. and　2. because　3. and　4. but　5. so　6. and　7. and　8. but　9. and　10. so Unit 5　Fun Clubs 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. play　2. swim; dive　3. Can; play　4. can't　5. do　6. to join　7. singing　8. help　9. speak　10. drawing 二、按要求改写句子 11. can't play　12. Can; swim; I can　13. What can; do　14. Can; join　15. Why do 三、单句改错 16. 把 plays 改为 play　17. 去掉 Do　18. 去掉第二个 can　19. 把 drawing 改为 draw　20. 去掉句末的 swim 四、语篇语法填空 1. can　2. can　3. to join　4. sing　5. can't　6. drawing　7. playing　8. run　9. Can　10. can Unit 6　A Day in the Life 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. half　2. eight　3. in　4. What　5. When　6. usually　7. does　8. do; do　9. get　10. quarter 二、按要求改写句子 11. What time　12. When is　13. Does; have　14. don't do　15. a quarter to 三、单句改错 16. 把 in 改为 at　17. 把 What time 改为 When　18. 在 you 前加 do　19. 把 get usually 改为 usually get　20. 把 got 改为 get，把 went 改为 go 四、语篇语法填空 1. get　2. have　3. drives　4. begins　5. What　6. play　7. get　8. cooks　9. go　10. How Unit 7　Happy Birthday! 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. fifth　2. ninth　3. twelfth　4. first　5. second　6. When　7. How　8. gifts　9. to join　10. How 二、按要求改写句子 11. When is　12. How old　13. Who does; with　14. years old　15. Do; have 三、单句改错 16. 把 fiveth 改为 fifth　17. 去掉 the　18. 把 in 改为 on　19. 把 How many 改为 How old　20. 把 gift 改为 gifts 四、语篇语法填空 1. on　2. twelfth　3. When　4. have　5. makes　6. receive　7. gives　8. to go　9. How　10. because 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $