专题02 非谓语动词作宾语（期中复习讲义）高二英语上学期外研版

专题03 非谓语动词作宾语 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 考点一 判定宾语 / 考点二 只接to do / 考点三 只接doing 考点四 介词与to / 考点五 两种形式辨义 / 考点六 复杂结构 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练 / 综合进阶练 本专题聚焦“动词不定式与动名词作宾语”，对接高考语法填空、阅读长难句与写作表达。命题常以语境中的动词搭配为切入点，综合考查to do / doing的选择、介词to与不定式to的辨别，以及remember、stop、try等动词接不同形式后的语义变化。重点在于先判断句法功能，再结合语义与动作关系作答。 识记 掌握动词不定式和动名词作宾语的基本形式；识记hope / decide等后接to do，avoid / suggest等后接doing，以及常见介词＋doing搭配。 理解 区分remember / forget / stop / try / regret后接两种形式时的不同语义；辨明to是介词还是不定式符号，并理解被动式、完成式。 应用 能在语法填空中依据结构和语义准确选形；能处理“疑问词＋to do”、形式宾语it；能在写作中自然运用相关搭配。 解题主线：先看句中已有谓语 → 确认非谓语是否作宾语 → 判断前置动词或介词的搭配 → 结合语义核对先后与被动。 考点一 快速识别非谓语作宾语 1. 非谓语动词在句中不充当谓语；作宾语时主要有动词不定式（to do）与动名词（doing）两种形式。判断时先找已存在的谓语，再看空格与动词或介词的搭配。 We plan to collect oral histories from local residents. The students enjoy collecting stories about their hometown. 两句分别由plan和enjoy决定宾语形式；“句中已有谓语”只是第一步，还必须判断空格是否真的充当宾语。 ⚠️避坑指南 不定式也可作目的状语：We visited the museum to learn about its history. 句中to learn说明目的，不是动词visited的宾语。 考点二 常接不定式to do作宾语的动词 2. 常见结构：decide / hope / plan / promise / refuse / agree / manage / fail / offer / choose + to do；“疑问词＋to do”也可作宾语。 The science club hopes to present its findings at the exhibition. They have not decided where to display the photographs. 记忆要点：“希望、计划、决定、承诺、拒绝”一组动词后通常接to do；where to display整体作decided的宾语。 ⚠️易混易错 hope to do sth.表示希望自己做某事；hope后通常不接“sb. to do”结构。若表达希望某人做某事，可用hope that sb. will ...。 考点三 常接动名词doing作宾语的动词 3. 常见结构：enjoy / finish / avoid / suggest / consider / imagine / admit / deny / mind / risk / keep + doing。 The committee suggested postponing the meeting until Friday. The researcher avoided drawing conclusions without evidence. 高频句型：suggest doing；avoid doing；consider doing；admit doing。掌握动词本身的支配关系，比机械判断“动作是否完成”更可靠。 ⚠️概念辨析 allow / permit / advise后可直接接doing；有人的宾语时，可使用allow / permit / advise sb. to do sth.。注意后者的to do是宾语补足语。 考点四 介词后接doing：辨别介词to 4. by、without、after、about、of等介词后，动词通常使用动名词（doing）作宾语；look forward to / be used to / object to中的to是介词。 By comparing sources, students can identify unreliable information. We look forward to hearing from you soon. 对照：used to do sth.（过去常常做）与be used to doing sth.（习惯于做）中的to词性不同。 ⚠️避坑指南 不能仅因出现to就填动词原形：pay attention to checking、be committed to improving、look forward to receiving均用doing。 考点五 doing与to do都可接，但含义不同 5. remember / forget / regret＋doing常表示记得、忘记或后悔已做过的事；＋to do往往涉及尚待去做的事。 I remember sending the confirmation email yesterday. Remember to send the confirmation email before noon. stop doing＝停止正在做的事；stop to do＝停下原来的事去做另一件事，其中to do作目的状语。 The group stopped discussing the plan when the bell rang. The group stopped to check the figures once more. try doing＝试用某种办法；try to do＝努力尝试完成。mean doing＝意味着；mean to do＝打算。regret doing＝后悔做过；regret to say / inform＝遗憾地告知。 考点六 复杂宾语结构：被动、完成、疑问词与形式宾语 6. 动名词被动式为being done；完成式为having done；表示受到某动作或强调先于谓语的动作时，要结合语义选择。 She appreciated being invited to share her ideas. He regretted having ignored the safety warning. “疑问词＋to do”能作宾语：We are discussing how to improve the service.；形式宾语：I find it difficult to focus on one task.（it为形式宾语，to focus...为真正宾语。） ⚠️高频易混 need doing表示“某事需要被做”，可换为need to be done；need to do则通常表示主语需要主动去做。只有语境限定时才可排除双答案。 基础固本练（限时：15分钟） 一、单项选择（1—5题，每题只有一个最佳答案） 1．After comparing several plans, the committee decided ______ the exhibition online to reach a wider audience. A．moving B．to move C．move D．moved 【答案】B 【解析】考查不定式作宾语。句意：在比较多个方案后，委员会决定将展览移至线上，以接触更多观众。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，to move作decided的宾语；moving不能直接跟在decide后。故选B。 2．The professor suggested ______ the survey again before presenting the findings. A．conducting B．to conduct C．conduct D．conducted 【答案】A 【解析】考查动名词作宾语。句意：教授建议在展示研究结果前重新开展调查。suggest doing sth.表示“建议做某事”，不直接使用suggest to do sth.，故选A。 3．I clearly remember ______ the invitation yesterday, and the email record confirms it. A．to send B．send C．sending D．sent 【答案】C 【解析】考查remember doing与remember to do的区别。句意：我清楚记得昨天发出了邀请，邮件记录也证实了这一点。remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事”；动作已发生，故选C。 4．The machine began to overheat, so the researchers stopped ______ it immediately. A．using B．to use C．use D．used 【答案】A 【解析】考查stop doing与stop to do的区别。句意：机器开始过热，研究人员立即停止使用它。stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事”；stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做另一件事”，其中to do作目的状语。故选A。 5．Although she was nervous, the student looked forward to ______ her research at the youth forum. A．present B．to present C．presenting D．presented 【答案】C 【解析】考查介词to后的动名词。句意：尽管有些紧张，这位学生仍盼望在青年论坛展示自己的研究。look forward to中的to为介词，后接doing，故选C。 二、语法填空（6—10题，填括号内动词的正确形式） 6．The organizers promised ______ (provide) written feedback within a week. 【答案】to provide 【解析】考查不定式作宾语。句意：组织者承诺一周内提供书面反馈。promise to do sth.为固定搭配，故填to provide。 7．The new guidelines aim to reduce waste by ______ (encourage) students to reuse materials. 【答案】encouraging 【解析】考查介词后接动名词。句意：新指南旨在通过鼓励学生重复利用材料来减少浪费。介词by表示方式，后接动名词作宾语，故填encouraging。 8．The museum does not allow ______ (touch) the ancient objects without permission. 【答案】touching 【解析】考查allow doing sth.。句意：博物馆不允许未经许可触摸古代文物。allow后直接接动作时用doing；allow sb. to do sth.才是在宾语后接不定式作宾补，故填touching。 9．To make the results reliable, the team avoided ______ (draw) conclusions from incomplete data. 【答案】drawing 【解析】考查avoid doing sth.。句意：为使结果可靠，团队避免根据不完整数据下结论。avoid后只能接动名词作宾语，故填drawing。 10．Without ______ (check) the original source, readers may mistake an opinion for a fact. 【答案】checking 【解析】考查介词后接动名词。句意：若不核查原始来源，读者可能把观点误认为事实。without是介词，后用checking作宾语，故填checking。 综合进阶练（限时：15分钟） 一、高考真题节选（1—2题，保留原题考点） 1．【2025年高考全国Ⅰ卷·语法填空第58题节选】 “We hope ______ (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, ...” 【答案】to present 【解析】考查动词不定式作宾语。hope后接to do sth.表示“希望做某事”。原句表达希望以视觉方式呈现较抽象的围棋与人工智能，故填to present。此处为原题节选，保留对应考点。 2．【2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·语法填空第57题节选】 To eat one, you have to decide whether ______ (bite) a small hole in it first, ... or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth. 【答案】to bite 【解析】考查“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语。decide whether to do sth.表示“决定是否做某事”；whether to bite与后面的or to put并列，故填to bite。 二、原创语篇语法填空（3—7题，每空填动词的正确形式） A student team planned 3. ______ (build) a digital archive of local crafts. During preparation, they considered 4. ______ (interview) several older artisans. Because the workshop was crowded, the students tried 5. ______ (record) the sound from a quieter corner and found that the voices were clearer. The artisans appreciated 6. ______ (invite) to share their experiences. By the end of the project, the team had learned how 7. ______ (turn) raw recordings into short stories. 【答案与解析】 3. to build plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to build。 4. interviewing consider doing sth.意为“考虑做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填interviewing。 5. recording try doing sth.意为“尝试某种做法以观察效果”。学生改在安静角落录音并发现声音更清晰，因此用recording。 6. being invited appreciate后接doing作宾语；artisans与invite是逻辑被动关系，故用动名词的被动式being invited。 7. to turn learn how to do sth.中“疑问词＋不定式”构成宾语，表示学会如何将原始录音转为短故事，故填to turn。 三、综合运用（8—10题） 8．【单句改错】找出并改正句中唯一一处非谓语搭配错误： The students are looking forward to visit the museum next week. 【答案】visit → visiting 【解析】look forward to中的to是介词，后应接动名词visiting作宾语；它不是不定式标志。 9．【句式转换】使用remember doing改写，保持原意： He remembers that he met the volunteer at the science fair last year. 【答案】He remembers meeting the volunteer at the science fair last year. 【解析】原句表示记得过去曾经见过这位志愿者；remember doing sth.表示记得做过某事，动名词meeting作宾语。 10．【翻译表达】用avoid doing与decide to do结构翻译： 为了避免遗漏任何细节，团队决定再核查一次实验记录。 【答案】To avoid missing any details, the team decided to check the experimental records again. 【解析】avoid missing中missing为动名词作宾语；decide to check中to check为动词不定式作宾语。句首To avoid ... 表目的状语，注意不要把它误判为宾语。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 非谓语动词作宾语 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 考点一 判定宾语 / 考点二 只接to do / 考点三 只接doing 考点四 介词与to / 考点五 两种形式辨义 / 考点六 复杂结构 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练 / 综合进阶练 本专题聚焦“动词不定式与动名词作宾语”，对接高考语法填空、阅读长难句与写作表达。命题常以语境中的动词搭配为切入点，综合考查to do / doing的选择、介词to与不定式to的辨别，以及remember、stop、try等动词接不同形式后的语义变化。重点在于先判断句法功能，再结合语义与动作关系作答。 识记 掌握动词不定式和动名词作宾语的基本形式；识记hope / decide等后接to do，avoid / suggest等后接doing，以及常见介词＋doing搭配。 理解 区分remember / forget / stop / try / regret后接两种形式时的不同语义；辨明to是介词还是不定式符号，并理解被动式、完成式。 应用 能在语法填空中依据结构和语义准确选形；能处理“疑问词＋to do”、形式宾语it；能在写作中自然运用相关搭配。 解题主线：先看句中已有谓语 → 确认非谓语是否作宾语 → 判断前置动词或介词的搭配 → 结合语义核对先后与被动。 考点一 快速识别非谓语作宾语 1. 非谓语动词在句中不充当谓语；作宾语时主要有________与________两种形式。判断时先找已存在的谓语，再看空格与动词或介词的搭配。 We plan to collect oral histories from local residents. The students enjoy collecting stories about their hometown. 两句分别由plan和enjoy决定宾语形式；“句中已有谓语”只是第一步，还必须判断空格是否真的充当宾语。 ⚠️避坑指南 不定式也可作目的状语：We visited the museum to learn about its history. 句中to learn说明目的，不是动词visited的宾语。 考点二 常接不定式to do作宾语的动词 2. 常见结构：decide / hope / plan / promise / refuse / agree / manage / fail / offer / choose + ________；“疑问词＋to do”也可作宾语。 The science club hopes to present its findings at the exhibition. They have not decided where to display the photographs. 记忆要点：“希望、计划、决定、承诺、拒绝”一组动词后通常接to do；where to display整体作decided的宾语。 ⚠️易混易错 hope to do sth.表示希望自己做某事；hope后通常不接“sb. to do”结构。若表达希望某人做某事，可用hope that sb. will ...。 考点三 常接动名词doing作宾语的动词 3. 常见结构：enjoy / finish / avoid / suggest / consider / imagine / admit / deny / mind / risk / keep + ________。 The committee suggested postponing the meeting until Friday. The researcher avoided drawing conclusions without evidence. 高频句型：suggest doing；avoid doing；consider doing；admit doing。掌握动词本身的支配关系，比机械判断“动作是否完成”更可靠。 ⚠️概念辨析 allow / permit / advise后可直接接doing；有人的宾语时，可使用allow / permit / advise sb. to do sth.。注意后者的to do是宾语补足语。 考点四 介词后接doing：辨别介词to 4. by、without、after、about、of等介词后，动词通常使用________作宾语；look forward to / be used to / object to中的to是________。 By comparing sources, students can identify unreliable information. We look forward to hearing from you soon. 对照：used to do sth.（过去常常做）与be used to doing sth.（习惯于做）中的to词性不同。 ⚠️避坑指南 不能仅因出现to就填动词原形：pay attention to checking、be committed to improving、look forward to receiving均用doing。 考点五 doing与to do都可接，但含义不同 5. remember / forget / regret＋________常表示记得、忘记或后悔已做过的事；＋________往往涉及尚待去做的事。 I remember sending the confirmation email yesterday. Remember to send the confirmation email before noon. stop doing＝停止正在做的事；stop to do＝停下原来的事去做另一件事，其中to do作目的状语。 The group stopped discussing the plan when the bell rang. The group stopped to check the figures once more. try doing＝试用某种办法；try to do＝努力尝试完成。mean doing＝意味着；mean to do＝打算。regret doing＝后悔做过；regret to say / inform＝遗憾地告知。 考点六 复杂宾语结构：被动、完成、疑问词与形式宾语 6. 动名词被动式为________；完成式为________；表示受到某动作或强调先于谓语的动作时，要结合语义选择。 She appreciated being invited to share her ideas. He regretted having ignored the safety warning. “疑问词＋to do”能作宾语：We are discussing how to improve the service.；形式宾语：I find it difficult to focus on one task.（it为形式宾语，to focus...为真正宾语。） ⚠️高频易混 need doing表示“某事需要被做”，可换为need to be done；need to do则通常表示主语需要主动去做。只有语境限定时才可排除双答案。 基础固本练（限时：15分钟） 一、单项选择（1—5题，每题只有一个最佳答案） 1．After comparing several plans, the committee decided ______ the exhibition online to reach a wider audience. A．moving B．to move C．move D．moved 2．The professor suggested ______ the survey again before presenting the findings. A．conducting B．to conduct C．conduct D．conducted 3．I clearly remember ______ the invitation yesterday, and the email record confirms it. A．to send B．send C．sending D．sent 4．The machine began to overheat, so the researchers stopped ______ it immediately. A．using B．to use C．use D．used 5．Although she was nervous, the student looked forward to ______ her research at the youth forum. A．present B．to present C．presenting D．presented 二、语法填空（6—10题，填括号内动词的正确形式） 6．The organizers promised ______ (provide) written feedback within a week. 7．The new guidelines aim to reduce waste by ______ (encourage) students to reuse materials. 8．The museum does not allow ______ (touch) the ancient objects without permission. 9．To make the results reliable, the team avoided ______ (draw) conclusions from incomplete data. 10．Without ______ (check) the original source, readers may mistake an opinion for a fact. 综合进阶练（限时：15分钟） 一、高考真题节选（1—2题，保留原题考点） 1．【2025年高考全国Ⅰ卷·语法填空第58题节选】 “We hope ______ (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, ...” 2．【2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·语法填空第57题节选】 To eat one, you have to decide whether ______ (bite) a small hole in it first, ... or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth. 二、原创语篇语法填空（3—7题，每空填动词的正确形式） A student team planned 3. ______ (build) a digital archive of local crafts. During preparation, they considered 4. ______ (interview) several older artisans. Because the workshop was crowded, the students tried 5. ______ (record) the sound from a quieter corner and found that the voices were clearer. The artisans appreciated 6. ______ (invite) to share their experiences. By the end of the project, the team had learned how 7. ______ (turn) raw recordings into short stories. 三、综合运用（8—10题） 8．【单句改错】找出并改正句中唯一一处非谓语搭配错误： The students are looking forward to visit the museum next week. 答：________________________________________________________________________ 9．【句式转换】使用remember doing改写，保持原意： He remembers that he met the volunteer at the science fair last year. 答：________________________________________________________________________ 10．【翻译表达】用avoid doing与decide to do结构翻译： 为了避免遗漏任何细节，团队决定再核查一次实验记录。 答：________________________________________________________________________ 错题订正卡（课后填写，不计入限时训练） 本次失分归因（多选）：□ 动词搭配 □ 介词to误判 □ 动作先后 □ 主动与被动 我最需要复习的两组结构：________________________________________________________ 错题编号与错误原因：____________________________________________________________ 订正后的正确句子：________________________________________________________________ 我为这个考点再写一个例句：________________________________________________________ 再次检查：空格作宾语吗？前面是动词还是介词？句意是否需要完成式或被动式？ 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $