广东广州市育才中学2026-2027学年高二年级上学期10月月考英语试题

26-27学年第一学期高二级10月收心考试 试卷满分：110分 考试时间：90分钟 命题人：高二英语备课组 注意事项： 1．作答前，学生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔填涂答题卡上的相应位置。因收心考没有听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，题目序号从“21”开始。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在调研资料上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．学生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Essential Devices for Smart Homes Smart homes are no longer a futuristic fantasy — they’re the present and developing rapidly. Whether you’re a beginner or already deep into home automation, here are some essential devices that should be part of every modern smart home in 2026. Smart Hubs: the Central Brain Gone are the days of separate systems. Today’s smart hubs act as centralized control centers, supporting various wireless technologies like Zigbee, Z-Wave, Matter, and Wi-Fi. A smart home hub offers homeowners smooth control over lighting, heating, security and more — all from a single app on your phone or tablet. AI Security Cameras: Your Watchful Eyes Security is the number one reason homeowners invest in smart tech. Unlike conventional cameras that simply record video, modern security cameras, equipped with AI, have taken a leap particularly with features like facial recognition as well as real-time alerts and even vehicle identification. Some also provide local storage, 4k picture quality and AI-based threat detection, keeping your home safer. Smart Thermostats: for Comfort and Savings A Smart Thermostat does more than just set the temperature. It can also learn your daily schedule and preferences. Then it automatically adjusts the temperature when you are away or asleep based on weather forecast. This smart adjustment can cut energy costs by up to 25%, reducing your carbon footprint while increasing comfort and saving money. Leak & Smoke Detectors: for disaster Prevention These devices provide crucial protection for your home. They offer real-time alerts to water leaks or smoke, and can even automatically shut off water supplies or alert local emergency services. By acting early, these systems can prevent thousands of dollars in potential property damage. 21. What is the main function of a smart hub? A To serve as a control center. B. To support wireless tech. C. To replace separate systems. D. To offer absolute control. 22. What is homeowners’ primary motivation for buying smart devices? A. Better quality. B. More functions. C. Improved safety. D. Enlarged storage. 23. Which device is eco-friendly? A. A smart hub. B. A smart thermostat. C. A smoke detector. D. An AI security camera. B Last September, I drove to a protected wetland near my home in Oakland, California. It was the first time that I had gone somewhere merely to watch birds. Since this unique journey, I’ve seen 452 species, including 307 this year alone. In some birding circles, people claim anyone who looks at birds is a birder. I’ve cared about birds and other animals for my entire life, and I’ve written about them throughout my two decades as a science writer, but I mark the moment when I specifically chose to devote time and energy to them as the moment I became a birder. Birding has significantly increased the time spent outdoors. It has motivated me to explore Oakland in ways I never would have. While birding, I seem impervious to heat, cold, hunger and thirst. My senses focus only on the present, and my head becomes extremely untroubled. I also feel a much deeper connection to the natural world, which I have long written about but always remained slightly distant from. These recent years have taught me that I’m smaller when I’m not actively looking after myself, that I have value for my world and my community beyond ceaseless production, and that pursuits like birding that encourage joy, wonder and bond with places are not sidebars to a fulfilled life but the essence. It’s easy to perceive birding as something you do when you’re not working, not being productive, and even an escape from reality. Instead, for me, birding means absorbing myself in the present moment: my thoughts quiet, my senses heightened, and I respond to real, observable events in nature with focused awareness without being distracted by small, unimportant matters. I don’t need to know who the main characters are on social media and what everyone is commenting on them, when I can instead spend an hour trying to locate a rare bird. 24. Why did the author think the journey to the wetland special? A. He protected bird species there. B. He fell in love with birding again. C. He made his true start as a birder. D. He completed his writing during it. 25. What does the underlined word “impervious” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Attentive. B. Subject. C. Resistant. D. Sensitive. 26. What lesson does the author probably learn? A. Outdoor pursuits are a must-have. B. Self-care can help fuel self-worth. C. Happiness serves as the core of life. D. Productivity defines personal value. 27. How does the author view birding according to the last paragraph? A. A complete engagement with reality. B. A temporary escape from busy life. C. A training in focus and observation. D. A substitute for online activities. C Caffeine has long been linked to potential health benefits, including reducing the risk of age-related diseases. But, until now, how it works inside our cells, and what exactly its connection with nutrient and stress responsive gene and protein networks is have remained a mystery. In a new research on fission yeast (裂殖酵母), a single-celled organism surprisingly similar to human cells, researchers found that caffeine affects aging by employing an ancient cellular energy system. A few years ago, the same research team found that caffeine helps cells live longer by acting on a growth regulator called Target of Rapamycin (TOR). TOR is a biological switch that tells cells when to grow, based on how much food and energy is available. This switch has been controlling energy and stress responses in living things for over 500 million years. But in their latest study, the scientists made a surprising discovery: Caffeine doesn’t act on this growth switch directly. Instead, it works by activating another important system called AMPK, a cellular fuel gauge (能量监测器) that is evolutionarily conserved in yeast and humans. “When your cells are low on energy, AMPK kicks in to help them cope.” explains Dr Charalampos, the study’s senior author. “Importantly, our results show that caffeine helps turn on that switch.” Using their yeast model, the researchers showed that caffeine’s effect on AMPK influences how cells grow, repair their DNA, and respond to stress — all of which are tied to aging and disease. “These findings help explain why caffeine might be beneficial to health and longevity,” said Dr. John-Patrick, a postdoctoral research scientist leading this study. “And they open up exciting possibilities for future research into how we might flip these effects more directly — with diet, lifestyle, or new medicines.” So, the next time you reach for your coffee, you might be doing more than just boosting your focus — you could also be giving your cells a helping hand. 28. What is the main purpose of the new research mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To explore the history of caffeine consumption. B. To identify how caffeine influences cell aging. C. To compare human cells with fission yeast cells. D. To find new use of caffeine in cell reproduction. 29. What does TOR serve as? A. A sign of aging. B. An energy source. C. A growth command center. D. A cellular fuel gauge. 30. What does John-Patrick suggest about the research? A. Possible direction for further research. B. Benefits of present applications. C. Characteristics of the research. D. Choice of new research methods. 31. What is the main idea of the text? A. Fission yeast is used to study the similarities between yeast cells and human cells. B. New research discovers how caffeine affects cell aging through activating AMPK. C. TOR and AMPK are two important ancient energy systems inside living cells. D. Drinking coffee can effectively prevent people from suffering age-related diseases. D The force of a volcanic eruption is closely tied to how many gas bubbles (气泡) appear within rising magma (岩浆). For many years, scientists believed that most bubbles developed only when magma rose and the surrounding pressure fell. High pressure keeps gases mixed with the hot liquid rock, but when pressure decreases, gases escape and form bubbles. As bubbles build up, the magma rises faster and sometimes erupts violently. This process can be compared to opening a bottle of coke. When the bottle is closed, pressure keeps gas in the liquid. Removing the cap reduces that pressure, allowing gas to separate into bubbles. These bubbles rise rapidly, carrying the liquid upward and producing a sudden rush of liquid. However, this established theory failed to explain why some gas-rich volcanoes like Mount St. Helens sometimes burst out gently even though they have the power to blow up violently. This contradiction led researchers to find another way bubbles can form: friction forces. The new study demonstrates that simple friction within moving magma can also generate bubbles. Imagine stirring honey in a container — the honey near the spoon moves quickly while honey touching the container walls moves slowly. Similarly, in volcanic paths, magma near the walls travels more slowly than magma in the center. This difference in speed creates friction that can form bubbles even without a pressure drop. Laboratory experiments confirmed that when this friction is strong enough, it causes bubbles to form. This explains previously puzzling volcanic behavior: strong friction creates connected bubble channels in gas-rich magma, which allows gas to escape gradually. This early and steady loss of gas prevents the dangerous pressure buildup that would otherwise lead to an explosion. These findings provide crucial advances in volcanology. Adding friction-driven bubble formation to predictive models helps scientists better understand why some volcanoes erupt violently while others come out in slow, steady streams. This enhanced understanding will ultimately improve eruption forecasting accuracy and strengthen protective measures for communities near active volcanoes worldwide. 32. What was the traditional explanation for bubble formation in magma? A. Friction forces. B. Temperature rise. C. Chemical reactions. D. Pressure decrease. 33. How does the honey-stirring example help explain the process? A. By showing where heat comes from. B. By showing how friction creates bubbles C. By showing what chemicals are involved. D. By showing what causes pressure changes. 34. What can be inferred about the role of friction forces in gas-rich magma? A. They act as a safety measure. B. They delay the eruption process. C. They speed up magma movement. D. They reduce the magma’s gas content. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Future Goals in Volcano Science B. A New Force behind Quiet Volcanoes C. The End of Traditional Volcano Theory D. General Knowledge of Volcanic Eruptions 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Encouraging a love for science from an early age sets the foundation for curiosity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Science is all around us, and by incorporating it into everyday activities, parents and educators can develop children’s natural wonder about the world. Children are naturally curious, and everyday life presents countless opportunities to engage them in scientific thinking. 36 And when a child asks questions like “Why do leaves turn yellow in autumn?”, encourage them to explore answers together rather than simply provide one. 37 An easy experiment like testing what objects sink in water makes science both exciting and accessible. When children see results firsthand, they develop a better understanding of scientific concepts. 38 It will help them develop a sense of discovery and fun. Besides hands-on experiments, books are an excellent way to introduce young children to science. Many children’s books incorporate scientific concepts in a fun and engaging way. Picture books about space, dinosaurs, the ocean, or simple physics can introduce difficult ideas in a relatable manner. After reading, ask children questions like “What do you think would happen next?” 39 Additionally, children learn best through play, and incorporating science into their playtime can make it more engaging. 40 Pretend play scenarios where kids act as scientists, astronauts, or engineers enable them to get involved in discovery and problem-solving. The key is to make science feel like a natural and enjoyable part of everyday play. A. Take kids on science-focused outings. B. This can further encourage their thinking. C. Observing helps children develop their imagination. D. Role-playing games can encourage scientific exploration. E. Nothing excites kids about science more than hands-on experiments. F. Encourage kids to collect leaves, observe insects, or notice patterns in nature. G. So provide them with opportunities to engage in safe and simple experiments. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 An unexpected hobby of gardening connected me with the community. I never planned to be a plant guy. It all 41 a half-dead jade plant left behind in a small store my wife and I took over many years ago. I 42 home what was left of the plant, put it on my desk and 43 closely over it as if it were a baby bird. The jade plant grew big and healthy and turned me into our family’s plant person. Now I’m in 44 of all plants inside and outside our home. I don’t mind the extra work. I recommend everyone to 45 hobbies, such as hiking, biking, or gardening. Anything that gets us outdoors can make us healthier. The 46 benefit of being outside is that it has helped me 47 more people in our new neighborhood. One neighbor, a much better gardener than me, offered advice that I 48 needed. We 49 hydrangea cuttings (绣球花插条) with the folks across the street. I’ve learned a lot about gardening, more importantly, I’ve learned about my neighborhood. Now it’s your turn. What helps you 50 with people in your community? We’ve 51 our annual search for the nicest places in our state, and we want to hear about places where people lift one another up or 52 together when times are 53 . Tell us your story — 54 your phone, open the camera, and point it at the black “Scan Me” box at the bottom, or visit us at our website. Communities, like gardens, need 55 and care to grow. 41. A. mixed with B. stayed with C. ended with D. started with 42. A. headed B. brought C. drove D. returned 43. A. went B. watched C. argued D. compared 44. A. need B. honor C. charge D. support 45. A. quit B. change C. hide D. develop 46. A. intended B. faked C. added D. shared 47. A. educate B. cure C. motivate D. meet 48. A. badly B. hardly C. merely D. simply 49. A. destroyed B. traded C. cut D. disliked 50. A. agree B. debate C. connect D. equip 51. A. launched B. delayed C. doubted D. ceased 52. A. gather B. piece C. play D. pull 53. A. tough B. pleasant C. endless D. precious 54. A. drop B. grab C. sell D. beautify 55. A. adaptation B. appreciation C. attention D. moderation 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Qilian Mountains National Park, a bright pearl on the Silk Road, lies on the boundary of Gansu and Qinghai provinces. 56 ________ (feature) high mountains, grasslands, glaciers and deserts, it attracts countless visitors from all over the world. Qilian County, about a five-hour drive from Xining, is the best place 57 ________ (enjoy) the mountain views. The Heihe Grand Canyon there is one of the 58 ________ (long) canyons in Northwest China. In Menyuan County, Gangshika Snow Peak, the highest peak of the eastern Qilian Mountains, 59 ________ (hide) among thick clouds, rises to an altitude of over 5000 metres. The county is also famous for its vast rapeseed flower fields (油菜花田), and July is the best time to admire the blossoms. Besides the scenery in Qinghai, the Gansu section of the Qilian Mountains also has much to offer. If you visit the area, Shandan Army Horse Breeding Farm is 60 ________ must-see attraction. A two-hour drive from Zhangye gets you there. As one of the world’s oldest horse breeding farms, it 61 ________ (draw) a great many visitors from home and abroad up to now. Horse riding offers tourists a direct encounter 62 ________ its living heritage. A popular travel guide recommends that visitors spend four days 63 ________ (explore) the Qilian Mountains National Park thoroughly. Besides, the Danxia Landforms and the Mati Temple are popular tourist 64 ________ (site) on a Zhangye trip. For a deeper exploration, try a six-day photography tour covering Zhangye and Dunhuang, 65 ________ offers amazing views of the Qilian Mountains along the way. This land offers visitors an unforgettable journey into China’s natural and historical treasures. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 用选必一U3和U4单词填空（共20题；每小题1分，满分20分） 66. The small island was hardly ______________ (看得见的) when thick grey clouds covered the whole sky. 67. The exciting adventure story ______________ (吸引) to most teenagers and won high praise from young readers. 68. The two researchers reached ______________ (完全相同的) conclusions after months of careful experiments. 69. A volunteer will ______________ (陪伴) the elderly visitors during their trip around the historical site. 70. It is not ______________ (合适的) to argue loudly when you are having a formal talk with your teachers. 71. Many high schools have ______________ (采纳) this reading programme to enrich students’ after-school life. 72. An ______________ (巨大的) ancient tree, standing beside the temple, has witnessed hundreds of years of history. 73. The long path ______________ (延伸) across the whole valley and finally reaches the quiet village. 74. This ______________ (可靠的) data collected from surveys will support our argument in the coming debate. 75. D______________ (表现) the power of teamwork is the main goal of this group activity. 76. Her a______________ (焦虑) about her son’s safety kept her awake long after everyone else had gone to bed. 77. The latest survey has r______________ (揭示) some serious problems in the management of the local park. 78. The i______________ (令人难以置信的) bright stars can be seen clearly on nights without any clouds in the desert. 79. The old stone house has benn o______________ (占用) by a well-known painter since the year 2012. 80. C______________ (使更清晰易懂) the key points of the plan, you should compare it with the old one carefully. 81. The town government b______________ (禁止) single-use plastic containers in all local restaurants two years ago. 82. The city museum will d______________ (陈列) a series of valuable paintings from famous artists next season. 83. New technology was e______________ (应用) by the local government to reduce pollution caused by industrial waste. 84. B______________ (受到连续猛击) by stormy waves, the small fishing boat could not move forward any further. 85. The committee has a______________ (赞成) of the suggestion to build a new playground for the children. 第二节 读后续写之情绪片段默写（满分10分） 母亲一睁开眼睛，双胞胎就高兴地喊道：母亲节快乐！看到桌上的早餐，母亲感到一阵温暖的幸福涌上心头。母亲试图掩饰自己的情绪，但幸福的泪没能止住。她的心里充满了喜悦，她把他们拥入怀中，哽咽着，谢谢！父亲高兴地拍了拍手，让我们一起分享早餐吧！这对双胞胎发出一声欢快的尖叫，他们的眼睛闪闪发光，闪烁着喜悦的光芒。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $