Unit 6 When disaster strikes分层作业2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册

2026-10-12
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外研版(2024)英语八年级上册 Unit 6《When disaster strikes》 分层作业 一、作品基础信息 项 目 填写内容 作品名称 外研版(2024)英语八年级上册 Unit 6《When disaster strikes》分层作业 学段学科 初中·英语 适用年级 八年级(2026—2027学年第一学期) 教材版本 外研版(新标准,2024年版,外语教学与研究出版社)义务教育教科书·英语 八年级上册 对应内容 Unit 6 When disaster strikes(主题范畴:人与自然——自然灾害与灾害应对、珍爱生命;涉及“自然灾害与人类安全”“灾害预警与科学应对”子主题)。围绕“灾害现象—灾害预警—灾后重建与生命韧性”展开,主要语篇有 A lost city(庞贝古城,小普林尼的亲历记载)、牛钰震后重生的抗挫折故事等;核心语法为过去进行时(was/were + 动词-ing)及 when / while 引导的时间状语从句 作业类型 单元分层作业;分为基础巩固层、能力提升层、拓展探究层;题型为单词拼写、词形变化、单项选择、英汉互译、完成句子、补全对话、阅读理解、跨学科·数学、书面表达、项目实践 完成时长 课内限时约25分钟(基础层12分钟+提升层13分钟),满分80分;拓展层课外选做,附加20分 设计依据 《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》及“教—学—评”一致性要求;紧扣新教材单元语篇与过去进行时语法重点;作业分层为任务分层,不作学生标签化评价 设计者 (教师填写) 二、设计背景与意图 (一)课标与教材分析 1.课标要求 《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》在“人与自然”主题范畴中设置了“自然灾害与人类安全”“珍爱生命、防灾避险”等子主题,要求初中生能围绕自然灾害话题,用一般过去时和过去进行时描述过去发生的事件及其过程,能读懂灾害类语篇并提取时间、地点、人物、经过等关键信息,能区分语篇中的事实与观点,能运用所学语言表达面对困难与灾难时的情感、态度与做法,并在语言学习中形成防灾避险、珍爱生命、勇敢坚韧的意识。本单元作业据此把单元目标分解为“识灾害(know the disasters)—说预警(talk about warnings)—悟生命(learn to be brave)”三条线索,落实语言能力、文化意识、思维品质与学习能力四大核心素养。 2.教材地位 本单元是外研版(2024年版)《英语》八年级上册的最后一个单元,主题为 When disaster strikes(当灾难来袭),聚焦自然灾害与人类的应对。教材上承 Unit 5,把学习视角从日常生活的“人与自我”“人与社会”主题进一步引向“人与自然”的重大议题;同时本单元系统学习过去进行时,是对七年级所学的现在进行时与一般过去时的深化与整合,为后续学习更复杂的时间关系与语篇叙述打下基础。教材还通过 A lost city 的灾难题材历史语篇与牛钰震后重生的真实人物故事,把语言学习与生命教育、科学家精神、灾害科学知识融为一体,为作业的跨学科设计与价值引领提供了丰富素材。 3.教学重难点 重点:掌握 scared、shut、coach、shocking、straight、flood、thick、smoke、ash、shower、erupt、volcano、historical、hurricane、coast、warning、community、alarm、increase、tsunami、safety、operate、drone、courage、victim、survivor 等核心词汇,以及 wake sb up、go straight ahead、leave sb/sth behind、be thick with、turn ... into ...、after a while、break out、get ready for、in fear、with hope、with the support of、come out of 等核心短语;掌握过去进行时的构成(was/were + 动词-ing)及 when / while / as 引导的时间状语从句。难点:过去进行时与一般过去时的区分(如 I was sleeping when the ground shook. 中用过去进行时表“背景动作”、用一般过去时表“突发动作”);when / while / as 的搭配选择;动词-ing 形式的变化规则(shake→shaking、lie→lying、run→running);以及用“时间顺序”梳理叙事类语篇中的情节与人物心理变化。 (二)学情分析 维 度 具体描述 已有基础 学生已系统学习一般过去时与现在进行时,掌握了常见的天气与自然灾害类词汇(rain、wind、earthquake 等),能读懂简单的人物故事类语篇并提取基本信息;对“灾害”话题有一定的生活认知和新闻接触,对真实人物故事、正能量主题兴趣浓厚,具备一定的听说读写基础与合作学习能力。 现有困惑 过去进行时的谓语容易漏掉 be 动词或漏加 -ing(写成 He was sleep. 或 He sleeping.);对 when / while / as 的选择易混淆;对含状语从句的长难句(如 We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood.)理解有障碍;灾害类词汇多而抽象(tsunami、erupt、ash、hurricane),理解与拼写有困难;对叙事类语篇“灾难发生—恢复过程—当下状态”的结构与人物心理变化梳理能力较弱。 差异分析 约三分之一学生词汇量较大,能独立读懂灾害类语篇并复述情节、表达观点;多数学生需借助词汇表、图片与句型提示才能完成句子与短文;少数学生在过去进行时变形(如 shake→shaking)与灾害词汇拼写上存在明显困难,需通过首字母提示、词卡、例句填空等方式降低难度。因而作业设置必做与选做,适配不同层次学生。 分层设置 基础巩固层、能力提升层为全体必做;拓展探究层课外选做,不做不扣分,为学有余力的学生提供挑战空间。 (三)设计意图 本作业围绕“识灾害—说预警—悟生命”这条主线命题,体现英语学科工具性与人文性统一的特点,减少机械抄写与死记硬背,加重语境运用、语篇理解与真实表达。基础层以单词拼写、词形变化、单项选择、英汉互译、完成句子与补全对话六种题型,诊断核心词汇、过去进行时与功能句型在具体语境中的运用;提升层以灾害类叙事语篇(Saved by a Warning)为载体,训练信息提取与推理能力,并以中国灾害预警时间变化的数据计算落实“用英语获取数字信息并加以处理”的能力,再以 A Natural Disaster 的书面表达实现语言输出;拓展层以灾害海报制作、校园防灾避险指南与幸存者故事为抓手,联系地理、数学、美术、信息科技与语文,涵养防灾避险、珍爱生命、勇敢坚韧的情怀与用英语讲述中国防灾故事、传播安全理念的意识。书面表达与项目任务均给出内容要点与参考词汇,避免学生因无从下手而放弃;分层是任务分层,不是给学生贴标签;拓展层完全自愿,不做不扣分。 三、作业目标 依据课标要求与学情,将本单元作业目标分解为四个维度,各维度均指向明确的核心素养与可观测的评价证据。 目标维度 编号 具体目标 对应核心素养 评价证据 知识理解 A 记住并正确运用 scared、shut、coach、shocking、straight、flood、thick、smoke、ash、shower、erupt、volcano、historical、hurricane、coast、warning、community、alarm、increase、tsunami、safety、operate、drone、courage、victim、survivor 等核心词汇,掌握 wake sb up、go straight ahead、leave sb/sth behind、be thick with、turn ... into ...、after a while、break out、get ready for 等核心短语;掌握过去进行时的构成、动词-ing 的变化规则及 when / while / as 的搭配。 语言能力 单词拼写、词形变化与单项选择的正确率 能力运用 B 能用过去进行时描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作,并与一般过去时配合叙述事件(如 That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard.);能读懂灾害类叙事语篇,按时间顺序提取信息并复述;能借助音标、词典认读并拼写新词;能用英语简单介绍一次自然灾害及其应对方法。 语言能力、学习能力 完成句子与补全对话的准确性;阅读题的要点覆盖与信息提取情况 思维发展 C 能按“灾难发生—应对过程—结果”梳理语篇的情节脉络;能依据预警数据作出简单判断;能就“如何防灾避险”“如何从灾难中走出来”给出至少一条合理的建议或看法。 思维品质 阅读推断题与跨学科计算题的答题质量;书面表达的理由是否合理、条理是否清楚 情感态度 D 体会灾害面前人类的勇气与互助,理解防灾避险、珍爱生命的意义,学习幸存者勇敢坚韧的精神,涵养用英语讲述中国防灾故事、传播生命安全理念的意识。 文化意识 书面表达与项目实践题的选材立意、表达的真实性 四、作业内容与目标对应表 题号 题型 题目概要 对应目标 设计意图 参考答案或评价要点 1—6 基础巩固层(必做,12分钟,共40分):单词拼写、词形变化、单项选择、英汉互译、完成句子、补全对话 依次为单词拼写(10分)、词形变化(6分)、单项选择(6分)、英汉互译(6分)、完成句子(6分)、补全对话(6分),覆盖灾害类核心词汇、过去进行时与动词-ing 变化、描述过去事件的常用句式,末题以一段谈论灾害的对话设置真实情境。 A 对标中考基础题型,诊断核心词汇、语法与功能句型的掌握情况。 单词拼写与词形变化按空计分;单项选择错选、多选不得分。 7 阅读理解(14分)【能力提升层·必做】 选用一则灾害类叙事语篇(Saved by a Warning),设问由提取事实信息,到词义猜测、概括主旨,再到简答与观点表达,梯度推进。 A、B、C 训练扫读定位、按时间顺序提取信息与推断能力,约束整句照抄原文。 按要点赋分;整句照抄原文不加工者,该问最高得一半分。 8 跨学科·数学计算题(6分)【能力提升层·必做】 以中国不同年份暴雨预警时间变化的数据为素材,计算时间差与准确率对应人数,并作出简要评价。 A、C 联系数学,训练从英语材料中读取数据并进行运算的能力,体现跨学科学习。 计算过程与结论各1分,评价2分。 9 书面表达(20分)【能力提升层·必做】 在英文校刊征文情境下,以“A Natural Disaster”为题,写一篇60—70词的短文,包含灾害是什么、发生时人们正在做什么、我们该如何防灾避险三个要点。 B、C、D 训练写作的要点覆盖、时态运用与篇章组织能力,衔接中考书面表达。 按内容要点、语言准确性、行文连贯分项赋分,见评分标准。 10 项目实践题(附加20分)【拓展探究层·课外选做】 制作一张英文“自然灾害”海报,或编写一份校园“防灾避险指南”,或写一篇灾害幸存者故事(三小题任选其一,也可多选)。 B、C、D 联系地理、美术、信息科技与语文,实现跨学科迁移与实践探究,涵养防灾避险、珍爱生命的意识。 见“答案与解析”评分细则。 五、作业评价 (一)分项评价标准 评价维度 A(优秀) B(良好) C(待改进) 权重 语言知识 单词拼写、词形变化与短语翻译全部正确,用词得当 个别拼写或用词有误,但不影响理解 多处拼写错误,影响理解 30% 语法运用 过去进行时的构成、动词-ing 变化及 when / while 搭配运用准确无误 有少量语法错误,不影响整体表达 语法错误较多,句意不清 20% 语篇理解 能准确扫读定位信息,按时间顺序梳理情节,要点完整,推断合理 能提取大部分信息,个别细节遗漏 只能提取零散信息,大量照抄原文 20% 书面表达 要点齐全,时态准确,行文连贯,词数符合要求 要点基本齐全,语言有少量错误 要点缺失明显,语言错误较多,词数不符 20% 学习态度与合作 按时完成、书写工整,能主动订正,项目任务中合作积极 基本按时完成,订正较认真 未按时完成或书写潦草,订正不到位 10% (二)评价说明 1.必做部分满分80分,按分项评价标准折算为等级:A(72—80分)、B(56—71分)、C(56分以下,须订正)。 2.设“语言知识”得分率为A、“语法运用”得分率为B、“语篇理解与思维品质”得分率为C,则综合评价指数 得分率按下列公式计算: 用综合评价指数 E 观测学生单元学习的整体水平,E ≥ 0.85 为优秀,0.70 ≤ E < 0.85 为良好,E < 0.70 为待改进。 3.拓展层20分计入学生学习档案,只作加分项,不扣分;未完成不纳入评价。 4.评价主体多元:教师点评+同伴互评+学生自评;书面表达可先在小组内用“自查表”(要点齐全、时态一致、拼写正确、词数达标)互查后再上交,鼓励学生在订正栏写好“错因”与“改进办法”。 5.注重过程性评价,重点关注能否正确使用过去进行时叙述过去发生的事件、能否用本单元核心词汇介绍灾害与应对方法,不把与参考范文是否接近作为唯一标准;对敢于尝试较复杂表达(如 That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard.、We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood.)的学生给予鼓励性加分。 六、试题详情 (一)基础巩固层(必做,12分钟,共40分) 1. 根据句意及首字母提示,写出正确的单词,使句子完整、正确。(每小题1分,共10分) (1)The flood was so terrible that many people were s________ and didn't know what to do. (2)The heavy rain caused a big f________ in the small town. (3)Mount Vesuvius is a famous v________ in Italy. (4)After the volcano erupted, everything was covered in a________. (5)Please s________ the windows. The wind outside is very strong. (6)Our coach couldn't go s________ ahead in the heavy storm. (7)The government sent a w________ to people before the storm came. (8)The brave girl faced the disaster with great c________. (9)The tsunami hit the c________ and flooded many villages. (10)The s________ of the earthquake told us his story in a calm voice. 2. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。(每小题1分,共6分) (1)The ________ (scare) boy didn't know what to do when the ground shook. (2)The news about the flood was really ________ (shock) to everyone. (3)At eight o'clock last night, I ________ (watch) the news about the tsunami. (4)When the earthquake happened, people ________ (run) out of the buildings. (5)This ________ (history) city was lost for hundreds of years. (6)Thanks to the warning, all the ________ (survive) were safe in the end. 3. 单项选择。(每小题1分,共6分) (1)— What ________ you doing at nine o'clock last night? — I was reading a book. A. are  B. were  C. do  D. did (2)When I got home, my mother ________ dinner in the kitchen. A. cooks  B. cooked  C. was cooking  D. is cooking (3)While we ________ along the river, a great storm broke out. A. walk  B. walked  C. were walking  D. are walking (4)My mother and I ________ in a town near Pompeii at that time. A. stay  B. stayed  C. were staying  D. are staying (5)She didn't ________ her eyes for even one second that night. A. shut  B. shutted  C. shutting  D. shuts (6)We should learn some ________ about natural disasters to keep ourselves safe. A. knowledge  B. courage  C. message  D. fashion 4. 英汉互译。(每小题1分,共6分) (1)wake sb up ________  (2)go straight ahead ________  (3)leave sb/sth behind ________ (4)自然灾害 ________  (5)过了一会儿 ________  (6)充满…… ________ 5. 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。(每小题1分,共6分) (1)那天晚上,我正在睡觉,这时地面剧烈摇晃。 That night, I ________ ________ when the ground shook very hard. (2)我妈妈冲进我的房间叫醒我。 My mother rushed into my room to ________ me ________. (3)到第二天早上六点,许多建筑物仍在摇晃。 By six o'clock the next morning, many buildings ________ still ________. (4)我们决定离开那座小镇。 We decided to ________ the town. (5)在希望与恐惧之间度过了一夜之后,我们无暇顾及未来。 After a night of living ________ hope and fear, we had no thoughts of things to come. (6)当时人们正在努力寻找他们的家人。 At that time, people ________ ________ to find their families. 6. 补全对话:从方框中选择恰当的句子完成对话,使对话通顺、完整(每句限用一次)。(每小题1分,共6分) A. What were you doing at that time?  B. Were you scared?  C. I was watching the news about the flood. D. How terrible!  E. Were the rescuers working hard?  F. What a brave job! Tom: Hi, Lily. You look tired. What's wrong? Lily: I stayed up late last night. (1) ________ Tom: The flood in the south? (2) ________ Lily: I was doing my homework at that time. Then my father told me the news. Tom: (3) ________ Lily: Yes, I was really scared. Tom: (4) ________ Lily: Fortunately, the rescuers were helping people all the time. Tom: (5) ________ Lily: Yes, they were. They were moving people to safe places and giving them food. Tom: (6) ________ I hope everything will be fine soon. (二)能力提升层(必做,13分钟,共40分) 7. Read the passage and complete the tasks.(14分) Saved by a Warning My name is Li Ming. Last summer, I was staying with my grandparents in a small town near the sea. It was a quiet and beautiful place, and we often went to the beach. One evening, my grandpa and I were walking along the coast when I noticed that the sea water was moving back quickly. Some fish and small sea animals were left on the sand. It looked strange and a little scary. Then I remembered what I learned in my geography class: when the sea moves back suddenly, a tsunami may come. I told my grandpa at once, and we ran to warn our neighbours. The community alarm was also going off at the same time. People were shouting and running to high places. Some volunteers were helping the old people and children. Soon, the tsunami hit the coast. The water was so strong that it moved cars and broke small houses near the beach. But because we got the warning in time, everyone in our town was safe. Now, I know how important a warning can be. Knowledge can save lives. We should learn more about natural disasters and get ready for them. (1)Why did Li Ming stay in the small town last summer?(2分) A. To study the sea.  B. To visit his grandparents.  C. To warn the neighbours.  D. To take photos of fish. (2)The word "warn" in the passage means "________" in Chinese.(2分) A. 打扰  B. 警告  C. 救治  D. 隐瞒 (3)What is the passage mainly about?(2分) A. How to swim in the sea.  B. How a warning saved people's lives.  C. Why the sea is dangerous.  D. How to catch fish by the coast. (4)What did Li Ming do after he noticed the strange sea?(4分) (5)What can we learn from Li Ming's story? (Answer in English, at least two sentences.)(4分) 8. Read and work out.(6分) China is one of many countries with disaster warning systems. The table below shows the warning time for storms in China in different years: 2010 — 20 minutes | 2015 — 30 minutes | 2020 — 36 minutes | 2024 — 42 minutes(more than 90% being correct) (1)How many minutes longer is the warning time in 2024 than in 2010?(2分) (2)More than 90% of the warnings are correct. If a city sends 20 warnings in a year, at least how many of them are correct? Write out the whole process of your calculation.(2分) (3)What do you think of the change in the warning time? (Answer in one or two English sentences.)(2分) 9. 书面表达(20分) 假设你是李华(Lǐ Huá),你们学校的英文校刊正在举办以“A Natural Disaster”为题的征文活动。请你写一篇60—70词的英文短文投稿,介绍一次你了解或经历过的自然灾害。 内容要点:1. What was the natural disaster? 2. What were people doing when it happened? 3. What should we do to get ready for it? 参考词汇:natural disaster; earthquake; flood; tsunami; warning; scared; run away; stay calm; keep safe; get ready for; after a while。 要求:语句通顺、时态正确(描述正在发生的动作用过去进行时)、书写规范,词数60—70;文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。 (三)拓展探究层(课外选做,附加20分) 10. Project work.(从下面三小题中任选一题完成,满分20分;也可多选,取最高一题得分计入总分) (1)【Poster·自然灾害海报】仿照本单元 Presenting ideas 的制作方式,为一种自然灾害(如 earthquake、flood、tsunami 等)制作一张英文海报,包含“它是什么、它对人们的影响、如何防灾准备、灾害中如何应对、灾后如何恢复”等内容,配上图画,书写工整。(20分) (2)【Safety guide·校园防灾避险指南】为学校制作一份英文“防灾避险小指南”,介绍地震、火灾或暴雨等情景下的安全做法(如 stay calm、cover your head and neck、move to a safe place 等),不少于5条建议,并配上图画。(20分) (3)【A survivor's story·幸存者故事】参考课文中牛钰震后重生的故事,用过去进行时和一般过去时,用英语写一篇80词左右的短文,讲述一位灾害幸存者走出阴影、勇敢生活的故事(可基于真实人物,也可自创)。(20分) 七、答案与解析 (一)基础巩固层 1.【答案】 (1)scared (2)flood (3)volcano (4)ash (5)shut (6)straight (7)warning (8)courage (9)coast (10)survivor 【解析】本题考查本单元核心词汇的拼写。第(1)题由 didn't know what to do 可知人们“害怕”,填形容词 scared(注意修饰人用 -ed 形式);第(2)题由 The heavy rain 可知引发了“洪水”flood;第(3)题由 Mount Vesuvius is a famous ... 可知是“火山”volcano;第(4)题由 After the volcano erupted 与 covered in 可知是“灰烬”ash,为不可数名词;第(5)题由 The wind outside is very strong 可知要“关上”窗户,shut 关闭、关合,过去式与原形同形;第(6)题 go straight ahead 意为“笔直向前走”,straight 是副词;第(7)题由 sent a ... to people 可知是“预警、警告”warning,可作名词;第(8)题 faced the disaster with great courage 意为“以极大的勇气面对灾难”,courage 是名词;第(9)题由 tsunami hit ... and flooded 可知是“海岸”coast;第(10)题由 earthquake 与 told us his story 可知是“幸存者”survivor。复习时应把单词与其常见搭配一起记忆。 2.【答案】 (1)scared (2)shocking (3)was watching (4)were running (5)historical (6)survivors 【解析】本题考查形容词的 -ed/-ing 形式、过去进行时与词性转换。(1)空格说明 The boy(人)的感受,用 scared“害怕的”;(2)空格说明 The news(物)的性质,用 shocking“令人震惊的”,-ing 形容词多修饰物,-ed 形容词多修饰人;(3)At eight o'clock last night 是过去进行时的标志时间状语,主语 I 用 was,watch 直接加 -ing,故填 was watching;(4)When the earthquake happened 表示过去某一时刻,主语 people 是复数用 were,run 是重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写 n 再加 -ing,故填 were running;(5)空格修饰 city,表示“有关历史的”,用形容词 historical;(6)the ... survivors 表示“幸存者”,由 all 可知用复数 survivors。切记:过去进行时 = was/were + 动词-ing。 3.【答案】 (1)B (2)C (3)C (4)C (5)A (6)A 【解析】(1)at nine o'clock last night 是过去进行时的标志,主语 you 用 were,特殊疑问句为 What were you doing ...? 故选B。(2)when 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句表示“那时妈妈正在做饭”,用过去进行时 was cooking,故选C。(3)while 常与过去进行时连用,表示“当……的时候(另一动作正在进行)”,主语 we 用 were walking,故选C。(4)at that time 提示过去进行时,主语 My mother and I 是复数用 were staying,故选C。(5)shut 是动词,意为“关闭”,其过去式和原形同形,didn't 后接动词原形,故选A。(6)learn some knowledge about ... 意为“学习关于……的知识”,knowledge 为不可数名词,故选A。 4.【答案】 (1)把某人叫醒 (2)笔直向前走 (3)把某人/某物留在(丢下) (4)natural disaster (5)after a while (6)be thick with 5.【答案】 (1)was sleeping (2)wake; up (3)were; shaking (4)leave (5)between (6)were trying 【解析】本题考查单元重点短语与过去进行时的运用。(1)That night 是过去时间,I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard 是课文原句,表示“正在睡觉时地面突然摇晃”,故填 was sleeping;(2)wake sb up 意为“把某人叫醒”,不定式 to 后接动词原形,故填 wake up;(3)By six o'clock the next morning 表示过去某一时间点,many buildings 为复数用 were,shake 去 e 加 -ing(shake→shaking),故填 were shaking;(4)decide to do sth. 中 to 后接动词原形,leave the town 意为“离开小镇”;(5)between ... and ... 意为“在……与……之间”,between hope and fear 指“在希望与恐惧之间”;(6)At that time 提示过去进行时,主语 people 是复数用 were,try 直接加 -ing,故填 were trying。 6.【答案】 (1)C (2)A (3)B (4)D (5)E (6)F 【解析】补全对话要“看答语、定问句”。(1)由下句 The flood in the south? 可知 Lily 前面提到了洪水,选C;(2)由答语 I was doing my homework at that time. 可知 Tom 问的是“那时你在做什么”,选A;(3)由答语 Yes, I was really scared. 可知 Tom 问的是一个一般疑问句,问的是“你害怕吗”,选B;(4)由答语 Fortunately, the rescuers were helping people all the time. 可知 Tom 前面表达了对灾情的感叹,选D;(5)由答语 Yes, they were. 可知 Tom 问的是一个一般疑问句,问的是“救援人员是否在努力工作”,选E;(6)对方介绍救援人员的付出后应给予赞叹,选F。 (二)能力提升层 7.【答案】 (1)B (2)B (3)B (4)He told his grandpa at once, and they ran to warn their neighbours. At the same time, the community alarm was going off.(4分,答出告知爷爷并去提醒邻居即可,意思对、语言基本正确即可得分。) (5)A warning is very important and knowledge can save lives. We should learn more about natural disasters and get ready for them.(4分,意思对、语言基本正确即可;只答出其中一点得2分。) 【解析】(1)由第一段 I was staying with my grandparents in a small town near the sea. 可知李明去小镇是为了看望祖父母,故选B。(2)由下文 we ran to warn our neighbours 以及 The community alarm 等语境可知 warn 意为“警告”,故选B。(3)本文按时间顺序讲述了李明凭课堂学到的知识,在海水异常退去时及时发出预警、最终使全镇人安全脱险的故事,B项“一次预警如何拯救了人们的生命”最能概括全文,故选B。(4)答题时要抓住“发现海水异常退去后的行动”,即立即告诉爷爷并跑去提醒邻居,同时社区警报也响了。(5)由最后一段 Knowledge can save lives. We should learn more about natural disasters and get ready for them. 可归纳出“预警很重要,知识能拯救生命,我们应多学习灾害知识并做好准备”。回答简答题时应用完整的英语句子,避免只写单词。 8.【答案】 (1)计算: 即 2024 年的预警时间比 2010 年提前(多出)22分钟。(2分) (2)计算: 即 20 次预警中至少有 18 次是准确的。(2分:计算过程1分,结论1分) (3)示例:I think it's a great change, because a longer warning time can help people get ready and keep safe. Technology and knowledge really save lives.(2分:观点明确1分,理由合理1分) 【解析】先读取表中的数据:2010年20分钟、2015年30分钟、2020年36分钟、2024年42分钟,可见预警时间逐年增加。第(1)题求“2024年比2010年多多少分钟”,用减法;第(2)题求“20次预警中至少有多少次准确”,用“总量×准确率”计算,即: 数据计算类题目要先明确“要求的是什么”(差、和或百分比),再选取合适的数据与运算,注意结果的单位(分钟、次)。 9.【参考答案示例】 A Natural Disaster Last summer, a flood hit my town. That night, it was raining hard and I was doing my homework. Suddenly, my father rushed in and told us the water was coming. People were running to high places. Luckily, we got the warning early and stayed safe. Now I know we should learn more about natural disasters and get ready for them.(约65词) 【评分标准】内容要点12分:灾害是什么3分,发生时人们正在做什么5分,防灾避险的做法4分;语言准确性6分:描述正在发生的动作须用过去进行时(was/were + 动词-ing),用错一处扣0.5分,拼写、搭配错误酌情扣分;行文连贯与词数2分:语句连贯、词数60—70(55—80词均可)得2分。若写其他自然灾害,要点齐全、内容真实、语言准确者同样给分;完全抄袭试卷原文或与本单元句型无关者酌情扣分。 (三)拓展探究层 10.(1)【参考答案示例】 海报示例(以 earthquake 为例):Title: Earthquake — Be Ready, Be Safe! What is it: An earthquake is a sudden shaking of the ground. It's often caused by movements deep inside the earth. Effects: It can break roads and houses, and people were trying to find a safe place. Get ready: We can learn some knowledge about earthquakes and keep a safety bag at home. During: Stay calm, cover your head and neck, and move to a safe place. After: We should help each other and get back to our lives.(配一幅地震避险简笔画) (评分:标题与灾害基本介绍6分;影响、预防、应对、重建四部分齐备10分;语言准确、连贯与配图4分。) 10.(2)【参考答案示例】 指南示例:Safety Guide for Our School 1. Stay calm and don't run around. 2. If you are inside, hide under a strong desk and cover your head and neck. 3. If you are outside, move to an open place away from buildings and trees. 4. Don't use the lift during an earthquake. 5. Listen to the teachers and follow the school alarm. 6. Remember to help the people around you.(配一幅安全示意简笔画) (评分:建议条数达标(不少于5条)8分;语言准确、表达清楚8分;安全知识与配图4分。) 10.(3)【参考答案示例】 故事示例:When the earthquake happened, Niu Yu was only eleven years old. She was at school that day. She lost her right leg in the disaster, and at first she was very sad and stayed in the shadow. But with the support of her family and friends, she came out of her sadness little by little. Later, she ran a half marathon and carried the torch at the World University Games. She always faced her challenges with courage. She is a real heroine to me.(约80词) (评分:故事完整、时间顺序清楚8分;过去进行时与一般过去时运用准确6分;语言准确、连贯与人物精神表达4分;书写与版面2分。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 6 When disaster strikes分层作业2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册
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Unit 6 When disaster strikes分层作业2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册
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Unit 6 When disaster strikes分层作业2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册
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