Unit 3 Fit for Life素养培优练(二) 2026-2027学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第二册

Unit 3　Fit for Life 素养培优练(二) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分) A Heat can kill.It lowers a worker’s ability to concentrate and leads to notable increases in workplace injuries, research suggests. Yet, for reasons including financial need, workplace pressure and a lack of awareness of the health impacts of high temperatures, many people continue to work past their heat tolerance.Outdoor workers, notably those within the construction and agricultural industries, are the most affected by rising heat.Even the fittest people in the world are impressionable like the Olympic athletes collapsing in the baking heat of Tokyo. There are some easy ways to reduce the risk of heat exhaustion(热衰竭).Optimising work hours to avoid workers being out when the sun is at its hottest may have the greatest effect on employee health. Individualized wearable sensors could be a useful tool for determining likely heat exhaustion.Early adoption of these devices would be a win-win, according to Dr Jennifer Runkle, an environmental epidemiologist(流行病学家): boosting productivity and reducing injury “while ensuring the health and safety of an ageing workforce and reducing the risk of heat exhaustion”. Wider take-up of wearable heat sensors by employees, employers and healthcare providers would also help overcome gaps in heat awareness. “One important finding we discovered in our research with outdoor workers is that there was a mismatch between workers’ ability to sense heat risk and their actual exposure to extreme heat gained by wearables,” said Dr Runkle. Another aid could be wearable cooling technology, but such devices are limited in availability.One such device is Sony’s Reon Pocket 2, which it launched in April.A wearable cooling or warming device worn inside clothing, it uses electrical conductors that transfer(转移) heat when electricity is run through them. There are promising examples of companies taking more responsibility for protecting workers from extreme heat, such as managers of bus drivers in Jinan, China.Responsible employers should be providing drinks and shaded rest areas to outdoor workers. 1.What does the underlined word “impressionable” in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Highly impressive. B.Slightly sensible. C.Easily influenced. D.Hardly evaluated. 2.What did Dr Runkle find out? A.The workforce was ageing rapidly. B.Wearable heat sensors lacked great accuracy. C.Employers attached little importance to heat exhaustion. D.Workers’ heat awareness and actual heat were different. 3.Why are bus drivers in Jinan mentioned in the last paragraph? A.To stress the popularity of Reon Pocket 2. B.To show their employers are responsible. C.To reveal they are very tolerant of extreme heat. D.To describe their unbearable pressure of work. 4.What can be the best title for the text? A.Adjustments to Work Hours Can Be Life-saving B.Campaigners Are Calling for Workplace Protection C.How Can New Technology Protect Outdoor Workers? D.How Were Body Temperature Monitors Invented? B Social media platforms (平台) are filled with ads of unhealthy junk food and drinks from fast-food companies for children and teenagers, a new study has found. Researchers found none of the 16 most popular social media platforms had necessary restrictions on the advertising of junk food to young people. This means kids are facing lots of posts asking them to play games or enter competitions to win free food. They are also shown ads and products placed into games and videos. Experts have found that such arrangement on sites makes it more likely that children will eat the food advertised. “Almost nine in ten Australian teenagers are active on social media, where they’re heavily exposed to advertising by junk food companies,” leading researcher and associate professor Gary Sacks said. “In one recent study, over half of Australian kids who were active online users had ‘liked’ a kind of fast food.” He said there was a driving need to restrict the ads in the same way companies stopped the rise of alcohol, gambling and weight-loss ads on sites for children. Professor Sacks said some sites didn’t allow junk food marketing but children could still see product placement and videos. Asking companies to do the right thing without strict rules to follow hasn’t worked in the past. “Existing voluntary industry self-management has been shown to be not so useful for protecting children from exposure(暴露) to unhealthy food marketing,” he said. Social media marketing now makes up 13 percent of the global advertising spend and 28 percent of children and teenagers in Australia are overweight. Francesca,14, of Surrey Hills, Victoria, said social media ads for fast food seemed so normal but she hardly noticed them. “I see them but I ignore them, but they must get seen by a lot of customers given that they market to young people directly,” she said. 5.What does the underlined word “arrangement” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.Kids preferring to eat free food. B.Social media becoming unhealthy. C.Kids enjoying playing games online. D.Junk food ads being widely placed online. 6.What do we know about alcohol and weight-loss ads mentioned in Paragraph 3? A.These products are harmful. B.Children can see them online. C.They are popular among adults. D.They are successfully restricted. 7.What does Professor Sacks suggest doing? A.Stopping making unhealthy food. B.Preventing children from playing games. C.Making strict rules to control junk food ads. D.Letting the companies manage themselves. 8.What can we infer from Francesca’s words? A.Social media are main tools for advertising. B.Many teens are influenced by junk food ads. C.Junk food ads are ignored by many young people. D.Overweight problems should be paid more attention to. Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) Bill Sumiel was having a tough Friday. The 71-year-old, who was dealing with kidney(肾) failure, 　9　 himself at a medical facility for the second time in 24 hours. He was on the 　10　 list, but no matches had yet appeared. So he proceeded with his treatments. Sumiel took an Uber to and from his 　11　 that day.  Timothy Letts, an Uber driver, was driving north when his phone　12　 the request for Sumiel’s ride home. As they set out on the drive, the pair got to 　13　. Sumiel mentioned that in the past he’d enjoyed volunteering at his community but he could hardly 　14　 it these days, because the medical treatments left him exhausted. Then Sumiel revealed that he was searching for a kidney 　15　. Impressed by Sumiel’s positive energy, Letts said, “I’d like to see if I could be a 　16　.”  Sumiel was shocked. He was shaking so hard that he could 　17　 write his name when they exchanged contact information. However, after the initial 　18　, Sumiel started feeling a bit less optimistic. He was 　19　 by Letts’s offer, but he couldn’t help wondering if it had just been an emotional moment. Would he hear from Letts?And what was the 　20　 that they’d be a match?  But Letts was true to his 　21　. He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later, and by the next week, Letts had contacted the kidney transplant program. After a month’s screening process, the results were in:Letts was a(n) 　22　 donor.   Soon Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries successfully. Sumiel is 　23　 with intense gratitude. “After all,” he says, “living donors are special people.”  9.A.imagined B.found C.volunteered D.introduced 10.A.experiment B.competition C.transplant D.recommendation 11.A.shift B.research C.company D.appointment 12.A.received B.blocked C.leaked D.stored 13.A.bargaining B.chatting C.joking D.complaining 14.A.stick at B.rely on C.put up with D.break away from 15.A.project B.report C.donor D.expert 16.A.match B.comfort C.partner D.sponsor 17.A.neatly B.barely C.simply D.possibly 18.A.hesitation B.guilt C.excitement D.doubt 19.A.bothered B.confused C.embarrassed D.touched 20.A.likelihood B.explanation C.criterion D.proof 21.A.duty B.word C.dream D.status 22.A.honest B.selfless C.extra D.ideal 23.A.burdened B.concerned C.consumed D.blessed Ⅲ.读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2023·江苏盐城统考) A few days before Christmas, while enjoying coffee, my friend and I noticed a woman trying to get her bank card to work. “Do you know her?” I asked my friend. “I do. Give me a minute. I’m going to go and see if I can help,” she replied, standing up to walk over to her. A few minutes later, she returned to the table with the woman. The woman looked upset. Her eyes were swollen, as if she’d been crying all night. She looked pale, tired, and messy. After I was introduced, my friend asked her if she was okay. She admitted she wasn’t and burst into tears. I could sense she was a little embarrassed by her emotional response. Wanting to put her at ease, I quickly told her not to worry. I shared that I was a new mum with many troubles, and I’d already cried fourteen times that day. She laughed but soon her tears were flowing again. For the next forty-five minutes, my friend and I both sat and patiently listened to her. She lost her husband before Christmas and their bank accounts were now left with nothing. As a stay-at-home mum of two, in a split second, her entire life had come crashing down around her. We tried our best to cheer her up. My friend even tried to give her some cash, which she refused. When she finally got up to leave, she wiped her tears, thanked us both for listening, and walked out. As I drove home, I couldn’t stop thinking about how depressed she looked when she left the cafe. No one deserves to feel that sad, I thought, especially right before Christmas. There must be something I can do to help. I racked my brain(绞尽脑汁) for an answer. 注意:1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Gladly, a solution came.               The kids were overjoyed when hearing that Santa had sent them gifts.               参考答案 Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术。 1.C　词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Outdoor workers, notably those within the construction and agricultural industries, are the most affected by rising heat.(户外工作人员,尤其是建筑业和农业行业的工作人员,受高温影响最大。)”可知,画线词所在句子的意思是“即使是世界上最健康的人也容易受影响,就像奥运会运动员在东京的高温中倒下一样”,画线词impressionable的意思是“容易受影响”,和“Easily influenced”意思相近,故选C。 2.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“‘One important finding we discovered in our research with outdoor workers is that there was a mismatch between workers’ ability to sense heat risk and their actual exposure to extreme heat gained by wearables,’ said Dr Runkle.(Runkle博士说:‘我们在对户外工作者的研究中的一个重要发现是,工作者感知热风险的能力与他们实际接触到的可穿戴设备带来的极端高温之间存在不匹配。’)”可知,Dr Runkle发现工人的热意识与实际热情况不同。故选D。 3.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“There are promising examples of companies taking more responsibility for protecting workers from extreme heat, such as managers of bus drivers in Jinan, China.(在保护员工免受酷暑伤害方面,有一些公司承担更多责任的例子,比如中国济南公交车司机的管理人员。)”可知,最后一段提到济南的公交车司机是为了显示他们的雇主是负责任的。故选B。 4.C　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第四段的“Individualized wearable sensors could be a useful tool for determining likely heat exhaustion.(个性化的可穿戴传感器可能是确定可能的中暑衰竭的有用工具。)”和倒数第二段的“Another aid could be wearable cooling technology, but such devices are limited in availability.(另一种帮助可能是可穿戴冷却技术,但这种设备的可用性有限。)”可知,本文主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术,因此最好的标题是C选项“How Can New Technology Protect Outdoor Workers?(新技术如何保护户外工作者?)”,故选C。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,社交媒体上播放的垃圾食品广告已经对孩子的健康产生了不好的影响。为了保护孩子们的健康,我们需要一些规章制度来解决这个问题。 5.D　词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文的句子“This means kids are facing lots of posts asking them to play games or enter competitions to win free food. They are also shown ads and products placed into games and videos.(这意味着孩子们面临着大量邀请他们玩游戏或参加比赛以赢取免费食物的帖子。同时,他们还会在游戏和视频中看到植入的广告和产品。)”和下文“...makes it more likely that children will eat the food advertised(……让孩子们更有可能吃广告上宣传的食物)”可知,arrangement在这里指的是网站上的一种普遍现象或共识,即在这些网站上放置垃圾食品广告的行为。故选D。 6.D　推理判断题。根据第三段“He said there was a driving need to restrict the ads in the same way companies stopped the rise of alcohol, gambling and weight-loss ads on sites for children.(他说,我们迫切需要限制这些广告,就像公司阻止儿童网站上酒精、赌博和减肥广告的增加一样。)”可知,Sacks副教授认为垃圾食品的广告很有必要和酒精、赌博、减肥广告一样被限制和禁止,由此可知,酒精和减肥的广告得到了有效控制。故选D。 7.C　细节理解题。根据第三段“He said there was a driving need to restrict the ads in the same way companies stopped the rise of alcohol, gambling and weight-loss ads on sites for children.(他说,我们迫切需要限制这些广告,就像公司阻止儿童网站上酒精、赌博和减肥广告的增加一样。)”以及第四段的句子“Asking companies to do the right thing without strict rules to follow hasn’t worked in the past.‘Existing voluntary industry self-management has been shown to be not so useful for protecting children from exposure to unhealthy food marketing,’ he said.(要求企业在没有严格规定的情况下做正确的事情在过去是行不通的。他说:‘现有的自愿行业自我管理已被证明在保护儿童免受不健康食品营销的影响方面没有多大作用。’)”可知,Sacks副教授建议制定严格的规则来控制垃圾食品广告。故选C。 8.B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Francesca的话“I see them but I ignore them, but they must get seen by a lot of customers given that they market to young people directly(我看到了它们,但我忽略了它们,但它们一定会被很多顾客看到,因为它们直接向年轻人推销)”可推断,尽管Francesca个人会忽略这些广告,但垃圾食品广告确实被很多年轻人看到了,并且这些广告是直接针对年轻人的。这表明许多青少年受到了垃圾食品广告的影响。故选B。 Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Bill Sumiel需要肾移植但苦于没有合适的肾源。一天,他乘出租车回家,出租车司机在听说他的处境后,表示自己可以去做配型。在配型后,Letts的肾适合移给Sumiel。事后,Sumiel对Letts表示了谢意。 9.B　根据上文“who was dealing with kidney failure”可知,71岁的肾衰竭患者在处理肾衰竭问题,所以他应该是发现自己在24小时内第二次出现在医院。 10.C　根据上文“The 71-year-old,who was dealing with kidney failure”可知,Sumiel有肾衰竭,所以他需要肾移植。 11.D　根据上文“So he proceeded with his treatments.”可知,由于没有合适的肾源,所以Sumiel得继续接受治疗,他使用Uber打车,去医院接受预定的治疗。 12.A　根据下文“the request for Sumiel’s ride home”可知,Uber的司机收到了Sumiel打车的请求。 13.B　根据下文“Sumiel mentioned that in the past he’d enjoyed volunteering at his community ”可知,他们在车上闲聊。 14.A　根据下文“because the medical treatments left him exhausted”可知,由于治疗让他疲惫,所以他不能再坚持做社区的志愿者。 15.C　根据上文“He was on the 　10　 list,but no matches had yet appeared.”可知,Sumiel需要肾移植,所以他正在找捐献者。  16.A　根据下文“He got in touch...transplant program.”可知,Letts被Sumiel感动,所以他想要去做配型,看看是否能够成功。 17.B　根据上文“He was shaking so hard”可知,Sumiel激动得手都在颤抖,所以他几乎写不出他的名字。 18.C　根据上文“Sumiel was shocked.”可知,刚开始知道Letts想要去配型后Sumiel感到很兴奋和激动,但不久Sumiel就冷静了下来。 19.D　根据上文“Sumiel was shocked.He was shaking so hard that”可知,对于Letts主动提供帮助这件事他很感动。 20.A　根据上文“but he couldn’t help wondering if it had just been an emotional moment”可知,Sumiel对这件事开始有点不确定,他在想配型的可能性有多大。 21.B　根据下文“He got in touch...transplant program.”可知,Sumiel对Letts是否来配型表示怀疑,但是Letts确实履行了承诺。 22.D　根据下文“Soon Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries successfully.”可知,两个人的手术成功了,所以Letts与Sumiel配型也成功了。 23.C　根据下文“intense gratitude”可知,Sumiel 对于Letts充满了感激之情。be consumed with意为“被某种感情吞噬”。 Ⅲ.【参考范文】 Gladly, a solution came.I decided to make Christmas a little better for her family by buying them some gifts without hurting her pride. As soon as I got home, I called my friend excitedly and explained my plan. She agreed with me and offered to buy and deliver the presents with me. On Christmas Eve morning, we drove to the woman’s house with a large box of food and a few presents in the name of Santa, imagining their reactions when they found out that Santa had sent them gifts when they were least expecting them. The kids were overjoyed when hearing that Santa had sent them gifts.However, their mum seemed embarrassed at first. It was not until we insisted that Christmas was a time for shared joy and Santa didn’t accept returns that she accepted the presents and thanked us for our kindness sincerely. Seeing their faces filled with joy made me feel like I had made a real difference to their lives. The gifts were just the beginning, hopefully enough to put the family’s lives back on track. I had a feeling that this would be a Christmas to remember. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $