Unit1-8 单元易错知识点解析与配套练习 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

九年级英语（人教版）上册　 Unit 1—Unit 8　 单元易错知识点解析与配套练习 Unit 1 The Changing World 【单元话题】世界与家乡的变迁、发展历程与生态环境 【语法项目】一般过去时 vs 现在完成时的深层辨析；延续性与瞬间性动词转换；used to 句型体系 易错点 1：一般过去时与现在完成时的语义界限与标志词误判 【易错点】混淆“过去动作的影响存在于现在”与“纯粹过去发生事实”。看到句中有过去时间词（如 ago, in 2020）却误用现在完成时，或看到 over the past few years, so far 误用一般过去时。 【错因分析】现在完成时本质是“立足现在看过去”，核心在于过去的动作与现在有联系（结果、影响或延续）；而一般过去时本质是“完全属于过去的时间断层”，动作发生在过去某一确切时刻，与现在无直接挂钩。 【正误对比】 【错例】I have visited Beijing three years ago. → 【正例】I visited Beijing three years ago. 【错例】Great changes took place in my hometown in the last ten years. → 【正例】Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last ten years. 【语法规则】时间状语定乾坤：yesterday, last week, ...ago 紧跟过去时；so far, already, yet, over/in the past... 必配完成时；两句合一时，看动作是否“延续或影响至今”。 易错点 2：非延续性动词在含有 for / since 时间段句子中的“非法借用” 【易错点】直接将瞬间动词（如 borrow, buy, die, leave, join, open 等）与表示持续的时间段（for... / since...）连用。 【错因分析】瞬间动词动作发生瞬间即告终结，无法在时间轴上持续拉长。汉语中“买了三年”、“离开两天”、“死了五年”在语义上是说状态的持续，但英语必须将其转变为“延续性状态”。 【正误对比】 【错例】He has bought the car for two years. → 【正例】He has had the car for two years. 【错例】His grandpa has died for five years. → 【正例】His grandpa has been dead for five years. / It is five years since his grandpa died. 【语法规则】借变保有(borrow->keep)，买变拥有(buy->have)；来去变在(come/go->be here/there)，离去变离开(leave->be away)；死变死去状(die->be dead)，入伍入社在其中(join->be in/be a member of)；开门关门状态现(open/close->be open/closed)。 易错点 3：used to do / be used to doing / be used to do / be used for doing 结构 【易错点】将四种结构中的 used 词性与 to 的性质（介词还是不定式）混为一谈，特别是将 be used to doing 中的 to 当作不定式符号后接动词原形。 【错因分析】used to do sth. 中 used to 为情态动词，后接动词原形表示“过去常常”；be used to doing sth. 中 used 为形容词，to 为介词，后接动名词表示“习惯于”；be used to do sth. 为 use 的被动语态，表示“被用来做...”；be used for doing sth. 同样表示“被用来...”。 【正误对比】 【错例】He is used to live in the countryside now. → 【正例】He is used to living in the countryside now. 【错例】The knife is used to cutting bread. → 【正例】The knife is used to cut bread. / The knife is used for cutting bread. 【语法规则】情态过去常常做(used to do)；习惯养成介词to后跟doing(be used to doing)；被动语态被用来，不定式to do或for doing紧相连。 易错点 4：since 从句的时态搭配与“It is + 时间段 + since...”句型的倒错 【易错点】since 引导的时间状语从句误用现在完成时；或在“It is/has been + 一段时间 + since 从句”中错用时态。 【错因分析】since 引导的时间状语从句本身充当一个“时间起点”，起点必然发生在过去，因此 since 从句的谓语动词必须用一般过去时，主句才用现在完成时。 【正误对比】 【错例】We have been friends since we have known each other. → 【正例】We have been friends since we knew each other. 【错例】It was three years since he left school. (语义错误) → 【正例】It is / has been three years since he left school. 【语法规则】since 后面跟过去，主句完成莫迟疑；It is 时间 since 过，转眼几年已过去。 易错点 5：不及物动词短语 take place / happen / break out 的“被动语态陷阱” 【易错点】看到主语是“事物、变化、灾害、事故”等被承受对象，盲目使用被动语态（如 changes were taken place）。 【错因分析】take place（发生，按计划）、happen（发生，偶然）、break out（爆发）都是不及物动词或短语，根本没有及物动词的受词对象，因此绝无被动语态。 【正误对比】 【错例】Great changes were taken place in the town. → 【正例】Great changes have taken place in the town. 【错例】An accident was happened yesterday. → 【正例】An accident happened yesterday. 【语法规则】发生爆发不及物，切莫套用被动语；take place与happen，主动形式表发生。 易错点 6：have been to / have gone to / have been in 的语境混淆 【易错点】在询问人在哪里或陈述人不在现场时误用 have been to；在表达在某地待了多久时误用 have gone to。 【错因分析】have been to 侧重“经历”，人已经回到原地；have gone to 侧重“去向”，人正在途中或已到目的地，尚未返回，绝不可用于第一、二人称的陈述句；have been in 侧重“在某地停留持续的时间”，后常接 for / since 时间段。 【正误对比】 【错例】— Where is your father? — He has been to Shanghai. → 【正例】— Where is your father? — He has gone to Shanghai. 【错例】I have been in Beijing twice. → 【正例】I have been to Beijing twice. 【语法规则】been to 去过已回来，gone to 去了还未归；been in 待在某地久，时间段后常相依。 易错点 7：although / though 与 but 的成对使用（思维迁移） 【易错点】受到母语“虽然……但是……”并列关联词思维影响，在英文主从复合句中同时使用 Although 和 but。 【错因分析】英语复合句结构讲究“主从分明，一个连词控两句”。although / though 为从属连词，引导让步状语从句；but 为并列连词，连接两个并列分句。二者只能择一使用。 【正误对比】 【错例】Although the road is narrow, but we can still drive through. → 【正例】Although the road is narrow, we can still drive through. / The road is narrow, but we can still drive through. 【语法规则】英语连词单兵行，虽然但是不同乘；有了although别加but，保留一个句意清。 易错点 8：now that 与 since 引导原因状语从句的误用与语序混乱 【易错点】新教材中出现 now that（既然，由于），常与 since / because 混淆，且在主从句语序上颠倒。 【错因分析】now that 表示“既然已成事实”，侧重现实情况变化带来的必然结果；because 强调直接因果关系；since 侧重显而易见的原因。now that 常位于句首。 【正误对比】 【错例】Because you have grown up, you should be independent. (语气不够贴切) → 【正例】Now that you have grown up, you should learn to take care of yourself. 【语法规则】既然现在情况变，now that 开门把理现；由于客观事实在，从句在前主在后。 Unit 1 The Changing World · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Great changes ______ (take) place in our countryside since the new green plan started. 2. — Where is Mr. Jackson? — He ______ (go) to the local farm to teach farmers high-tech skills. 3. My elder brother ______ (join) the sports club three years ago, and he ______ (be) a club member ever since. 4. The old library ______ (be) in this town for more than sixty years, and it is still well-preserved. 5. — Have you watched the documentary about the changing climate ______? — Yes, I have ______ watched it. 6. In the past, villagers ______ (use) to fetch water from the distant river every morning. 7. The local people are now used to ______ (sort) the household rubbish carefully. 8. The new machine is used for ______ (harvest) crops much faster with ease. 9. It ______ (be) almost ten years since my family ______ (move) into this modern community. 10. He ______ (borrow) the magazine two days ago, which means he ______ (keep) it for forty-eight hours. 二、按要求改写句子 11. Mr. Green bought this camera in 2021. (改为同义句，包含 since 结构) Mr. Green ______ ______ this camera since 2021. 12. The movie began twenty minutes ago. (改为包含 for 的现在完成时句子) The movie ______ ______ ______ for twenty minutes. 13. Tom used to play computer games all night, but now he doesn't. (用 be used to doing 句型改写) Tom ______ ______ ______ playing computer games any more; he has formed a good habit. 14. He has been away from his hometown for five years. (用 It is... since... 句式改写) ______ ______ five years ______ he left his hometown. 15. Although the mountain road was very rough, the doctors reached the village in time. (保持句意不变，去掉 Although 改写) The mountain road was very rough, ______ the doctors ______ reached the village in time. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. (诊断改错) His grandfather has died for ten years, but he still misses him very much. → ____________________ 17. (诊断改错) Although the city has made great progress, but we still have environmental problems. → ____________________ 18. (诊断改错) A terrible traffic accident was happened near the school gate yesterday morning. → ____________________ 19. (诊断改错) Bamboo can be used to making different kinds of daily tools in southern China. → ____________________ 20. (诊断改错) — Have you ever gone to the science museum? — No, never. → ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the past five years, great changes 1. ______ (take) place in Qingshan Village. Five years ago, only a few families 2. ______ (have) computers, and farmers used to 3. ______ (sell) their fruit at the local market at a very low price. The mountain road was narrow and rough, so it 4. ______ (take) nearly three hours to carry the fruit to the town. However, everything 5. ______ (change) since the village 6. ______ (connect) to the high-speed network in 2021. Now many young people have returned and started live-streaming businesses. Last year alone, more than 200,000 kilograms of oranges 7. ______ (sell) online. Drones 8. ______ (use) to spray the orchards, and electric delivery vans run along the widened road every day. "I 9. ______ (live) here for over sixty years, but I have never 10. ______ (see) such a busy and hopeful scene," said Grandpa Li with a smile. Unit 2 Inspiring People 【单元话题】榜样人物与时代楷模的品格力量、科学精神与社会担当 【语法项目】It is/was + adj. + of / for sb. to do sth. 核心句型；形容词 -ed 与 -ing 分词辨析；admire / devote 等动词固定句型 易错点 1：It is + adj. + of sb. 与 It is + adj. + for sb. 的介词混用 【易错点】分不清何时用 of，何时用 for。例如把 It is kind for you to help me 当成规范表达。 【错因分析】介词取决于前面的形容词所修饰的属性：形容词指人性格、品质（kind, polite, brave, clever, honest, wise, generous, careless, cruel等）时用 of sb.，因为此类形容词与人物构成系表关系（如 You are kind）；形容词指客观事物特点或行为难易、必要性（important, necessary, difficult, easy, dangerous, possible等）时用 for sb.，此类形容词不能修饰人（不能说 You are necessary）。 【正误对比】 【错例】It is very brave for the young man to jump into the river to save the child. → 【正例】It is very brave of the young man to jump into the river to save the child. 【错例】It is necessary of all citizens to obey traffic rules. → 【正例】It is necessary for all citizens to obey traffic rules. 【语法规则】品格性格用 of 人，人表赞贬理通顺；难易客观用 for 人，行为性质辨得真。 易错点 2：it 作形式主语时，真实主语的结构残缺或非谓语形式用错 【易错点】写成 It is important for us learn English.（漏掉 to）或者 To learn English well it is important.（多余 it）。 【错因分析】it 在句中充当形式主语，替代句末真正的主语——动词不定式短语（to do sth.）。不可将 to 丢弃直接跟动词原形，也不可在已置前的不定式后重复加形式主语 it。 【正误对比】 【错例】It takes great courage speak up for the truth. → 【正例】It takes great courage to speak up for the truth. 【错例】To overcome these difficulties it is not easy for them. → 【正例】It is not easy for them to overcome these difficulties. 【语法规则】it 开头占主位，真正主语后排队；动词必须带上 to，不可裸形空落位。 易错点 3：-ing 形容词与 -ed 形容词的修饰对象倒置 【易错点】将 inspiring（令人鼓舞的）用于修饰人自身的心理感受，或将 inspired（受到鼓舞的）用来修饰事物或讲座。 【错因分析】-ing 形容词表示事物的内在属性，“令人产生某种情感的”，常修饰事物（如 an inspiring speech, an exciting game）；-ed 形容词表示主体“自身感到某种情绪的”，通常修饰人或人的表情、眼神、声音等（如 We felt inspired, an inspired look）。 【正误对比】 【错例】His speech was so inspired that everyone took notes carefully. → 【正例】His speech was so inspiring that everyone took notes carefully. 【错例】Hearing the scientist's story, all the students were deeply inspiring. → 【正例】Hearing the scientist's story, all the students were deeply inspired. 【语法规则】物有属性用-ing，令人产生此特征；人受触动用-ed，感到情绪记在心。 易错点 4：admire 的搭配介词误用与宾语搭配混乱 【易错点】把“因某事而钦佩某人”写成 admire sb. with / about sth.，或将 admire 误接不定式作宾补（admire sb. to do）。 【错因分析】admire 为及物动词，其核心搭配是 admire sb. for (doing) sth.，介词必须用 for，表示钦佩的原因。若直接接某人的品格或成就做宾语，则直接用 admire his courage / achievements。 【正误对比】 【错例】We all admire the doctor with his great medical skills. → 【正例】We all admire the doctor for his great medical skills. 【错例】Teachers admire him to work hard under such poor conditions. → 【正例】Teachers admire him for working hard under such poor conditions. 【语法规则】钦佩敬仰用 admire，介词选用 for 标原因；赞赏品格直接跟，不可乱套不定式。 易错点 5：devote oneself to / be devoted to 中的 to 是介词而非不定式 【易错点】在 devote... to... 结构后直接接动词原形（如 devote his life to help the poor）。 【错因分析】devote oneself to / be devoted to 中的 to 为介词，后必须接名词、代词或动名词（doing），表示“致力于、投身于某项事业或行动”。初中常见“to 为介词”的重要短语必须系统归纳。 【正误对比】 【错例】Tu Youyou devoted most of her life to find a cure for malaria. → 【正例】Tu Youyou devoted most of her life to finding a cure for malaria. 【错例】He is deeply devoted to improve rural education. → 【正例】He is deeply devoted to improving rural education. 【语法规则】投身献身 devote to，介词尾巴要看清；后面千万莫跟原型，动名词doing才是亲。 易错点 6：courage, brave, bravery 等同根词词性转化乱位 【易错点】在形容词位置误用名词 courage（如 He is a courage boy），或在名词位置误用 brave（如 It takes great brave）。 【错因分析】courage 是不可数名词（勇气）；brave 是形容词（勇敢的）；bravery 是名词（勇敢行为）；encourage 是动词（鼓励）；encouraging 是形容词（令人鼓舞的）。九年级重点考查句式中根据语法功能选用对应词性。 【正误对比】 【错例】The soldiers showed great brave during the flood rescue. → 【正例】The soldiers showed great courage / bravery during the flood rescue. 【错例】It is a courage decision for the young girl to study abroad alone. → 【正例】It is a brave decision for the young girl to study abroad alone. 【语法规则】名词 courage 表勇气，动词 encourage 鼓起劲；形容词 brave 是勇敢，句中成分定词性。 Unit 2 Inspiring People · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. It is very thoughtful ______ (of / for) you to prepare warm water for the guest. 2. It is quite necessary ______ (of / for) us to form the habit of reading classic literature every day. 3. The scientist gave an ______ (inspire) speech yesterday, and all of us felt deeply ______ (inspire). 4. We all admire Madam Curie ______ her lifelong devotion to science and humanity. 5. The model worker has devoted all his spare time to ______ (teach) disabled children art. 6. The young firefighter showed extraordinary ______ (brave) when facing the huge fire. 7. Though the training was extremely tough, the athletes were made ______ (run) ten miles every morning. 8. Qian Xuesen is widely regarded ______ one of the greatest scientists in Chinese history. 9. It took the research team three months ______ (find) out the real cause of the disease. 10. The teacher ______ (encourage) her students to think independently whenever they face a knotty problem. 二、按要求改写句子 11. To conquer all the difficulties in space exploration is very tough for astronauts. (用 it 作形式主语改写句子) ______ is very tough for astronauts ______ ______ all the difficulties in space exploration. 12. You are so generous to share your favorite books with your classmates. (改写为 It is... 句型) ______ ______ very generous ______ you to share your favorite books with your classmates. 13. People consider Zhong Nanshan as a true hero of the nation. (改为被动语态) Zhong Nanshan ______ ______ ______ a true hero of the nation. 14. The teacher made the careless boy rewrite his composition. (改为被动语态) The careless boy ______ ______ ______ rewrite his composition by the teacher. 15. He admired Deng Jiaxian because Deng showed selfless dedication to his country. (用 admire sb. for (doing) sth. 结构改写) He admired Deng Jiaxian ______ ______ selfless dedication to his country. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. (诊断改错) It is very foolish for him to give up such a valuable chance to enter university. → ____________________ 17. (诊断改错) The inspiring story moved us so much that we were all crying inspiring tears. → ____________________ 18. (诊断改错) The young doctor was seen enter the operating room in a hurry just now. → ____________________ 19. (诊断改错) She has devoted thirty years of her life to look after the elderly in the community. → ____________________ 20. (诊断改错) Yuan Longping is regarded like one of the greatest agricultural scientists in the world. → ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pan Zhanle is one of the most inspiring young athletes in China. At the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, it was really 1. ______ (brave) of him to challenge the world record in the men's 100-metre freestyle final. Before that race, few people believed that an Asian swimmer could win this event, but he proved 2. ______ (they) wrong with an amazing time of 46.40 seconds. In fact, his success was no coincidence. He 3. ______ (devote) himself to 4. ______ (train) in the pool since he was a child. His coach said that he was often seen 5. ______ (stay) behind after practice to improve his turns. Millions of Chinese people admire him 6. ______ his courage and perseverance. "It is necessary 7. ______ us to set big goals and never give up," he told reporters. Many teenagers now regard him 8. ______ a role model. His story shows that with enough 9. ______ (courage) and hard work, anyone can make 10. ______ difference. Unit 3 Smart Learning 【单元话题】数字化学习、科学学习策略与高效思维方法 【语法项目】that / if / whether 引导的宾语从句；从句陈述语序规则；主从句时态呼应；suggest 从句虚拟语气 易错点 1：宾语从句的语序错误（把疑问语序直接当作从句语序） 【易错点】将一般疑问句或特殊疑问句的助动词/系动词前置语序直接套入宾语从句（如 I don't know where does he live）。 【错因分析】宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语，属于名词性从句，其本质是一个陈述结构，必须严格采用“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他”的陈述语序。无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句内部语序必须始终为陈述语序。 【正误对比】 【错例】Could you please tell me when will the online lecture begin? → 【正例】Could you please tell me when the online lecture will begin? 【错例】I wonder if is this tablet useful for English study. → 【正例】I wonder if this tablet is useful for English study. 【语法规则】从句无论主如何，语序必是陈述式；助动be词归原位，主语领先谓语跟。 易错点 2：that 引导的宾语从句中 that 的用法与省略误区 【易错点】误以为 that 在任何时候都可以省略，或误将 what 当作 that 来用。 【错因分析】that 引导陈述句充当宾语从句时，只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也无实际意义，单句口语中常可省略。但若主句后跟有两个或两个以上并列的 that 宾语从句，第一个 that 可省，第二个及后续的 that 绝对不能省；此外，that 从句前有插入语或介词短语隔离时，that 也不可省。而 what 引导从句时，必须在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。 【正误对比】 【错例】The teacher told us we should preview lessons and that we must take notes. (若第二处that漏掉则错) 【错例】I believe what he will succeed in the final exam. → 【正例】I believe that he will succeed in the final exam. 【语法规则】that 连接不当差，无义成分可省它；并列从句排后座，第二that莫漏下；what指代事与物，主宾表语不能缺。 易错点 3：if 与 whether 引导宾语从句的选词边界与排他场景 【易错点】在只能用 whether 的特殊语法位置上（如介词后、与 or not 紧连、动词不定式前）误用 if。 【错因分析】if 与 whether 均可引导“是否”含义的宾语从句。但有四种情况只能用 whether，绝不可用 if：①与 or not 直接紧挨连用（whether or not）；②介词后面作宾语（depend on whether...）；③后面紧跟动词不定式（whether to do...）；④引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时。 【正误对比】 【错例】It all depends on if the weather will clear up tomorrow. → 【正例】It all depends on whether the weather will clear up tomorrow. 【错例】I don't know if or not he will attend the seminar. → 【正例】I don't know whether or not he will attend the seminar. 【语法规则】是否若用 whether/if，通常情况互替换；介词之后跟不定，紧靠 or not 用 whether 灵。 易错点 4：主从句时态呼应原则及“客观真理”例外陷阱 【易错点】主句是一般过去时，从句误用现在时态；或者从句表达客观真理/科学常识时，受主句过去时影响盲目变为过去时。 【错因分析】主句为现在时态（一般现在、现在完成、一般将来），从句按实际需要自选时态；主句为过去时态（一般过去时等），从句必须退回对应的过去时态（一般过去、过去进行、过去完成、过去将来）。极其重要的例外：当从句陈述的是客观真理、科学定律、格言警句、永恒事实时，无论主句是什么时态，从句一律严格使用一般现在时。 【正误对比】 【错例】The physics teacher told us that sound traveled slower than light. → 【正例】The physics teacher told us that sound travels slower than light. 【错例】He asked me if I will attend the study group meeting. → 【正例】He asked me if I would attend the study group meeting. 【语法规则】主现从随由心意，主过从过时态移；客观真理不受限，一般现在表万机。 易错点 5：suggest 后面接宾语从句的虚拟语气结构 【易错点】误把 suggest 后面套用 suggest sb. to do sth.，或在 suggest that 从句中随意使用过去时。 【错因分析】suggest 表示“建议”时，不可接 sb. to do（表达“建议某人做某事”需用 advise sb. to do）。其核心句型为 suggest that sb. (should) do sth.，从句谓语动词必须使用动词原形，should 可以省略。注意：suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，从句使用陈述语气正常时态。 【正误对比】 【错例】Our English teacher suggested us to make flashcards. → 【正例】Our English teacher suggested that we (should) make flashcards. / advised us to make flashcards. 【错例】Hua Luogeng suggested that students took notes carefully. → 【正例】Hua Luogeng suggested that students (should) take notes carefully. 【语法规则】建议 suggest 莫接 to do，从句 should 加原形；should 省去只留动词根，句法严密方为真。 易错点 6：宾语从句与“疑问词 + 不定式”的互化规则与条件限制 【易错点】在主从句主语不一致时盲目简化为“疑问词 + 不定式”，造成逻辑主语混乱；或误用 why to do。 【错因分析】只有当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语或宾语保持一致时，从句才可以简化为“疑问词 + 不定式”。例如 I don't know what I should choose. → I don't know what to choose. 但注意：why 后面绝不能接不定式，不存在 why to do 的形式。 【正误对比】 【错例】My teacher asked me what should she do next. → 【正例】My teacher asked me what she should do next. 【错例】I don't know why to do that. → 【正例】I don't know why I should do that. 【语法规则】主语一致才可缩，疑问词引不定式；what/how/where后加to do，唯独why字不可缩。 易错点 7：宾语从句否定前移现象及其反义疑问句附加问句的失误 【易错点】当主句是 I don't think / believe / suppose that... 时，误将否定词放在从句中，或在反义疑问句中根据主句主语提问。 【错因分析】在 think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 等表示认知、信念的动词接 that 从句时，若从句要表达否定意义，通常将否定词 not 转移至主句谓语动词前，此为“否定前移”。当该类主从句转化为反义疑问句时，若主句主语是第一人称 I / we，简短问句须与从句的主谓保持一致，并注意主句的否定已转移。 【正误对比】 【错例】I think smart tools will not replace our teachers. (语感欠佳) → 【正例】I don't think smart tools will replace our teachers. 【错例】I don't think she has finished the task, do I? → 【正例】I don't think she has finished the task, has she? 【语法规则】think/believe主句居，第一人称否定移；反义疑问看从句，注意主句已含否。 Unit 3 Smart Learning · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Could you tell me ______ (how / what) I can improve my reading speed with this smart app? 2. The educational expert suggested that every student ______ (review) the key concepts before sleeping. 3. I am wondering ______ (if / whether) to download the digital dictionary right now. 4. The geography teacher reminded us that the earth ______ (travel) around the sun in 365 days. 5. It mostly depends on ______ (if / whether) you have developed self-discipline in online learning. 6. I believe ______ (that / what) digital tools are helpful, but they cannot replace diligent thinking. 7. Our headmaster announced that our school ______ (set) up an AI innovation lab the next semester. 8. I don't know ______ (why / how) to solve this technical problem. Could you help me? 9. We were told that light ______ (move) much faster than sound. 10. I don't think that AI tools will replace human teachers, ______ (will they / won't they)? 二、按要求改写句子 11. Does this smart platform offer free grammar exercises? Can you tell me? (合并为含有宾语从句的复合句) Can you tell me ______ this smart platform ______ free grammar exercises? 12. What time will the live class begin? I want to know. (合并为含有宾语从句的复合句) I want to know ______ ______ the live class ______ ______. 13. She didn't know how she could use mind maps in note-taking. (将从句改为“疑问词+不定式”结构) She didn't know ______ ______ ______ mind maps in note-taking. 14. Our teacher suggested us to make a study plan for the new term. (修改为符合规范的复合句) Our teacher suggested ______ we ______ ______ a study plan for the new term. 15. "I have found a useful website for vocabulary memory," said Li Ming. (转述为间接引语) Li Ming said that he ______ ______ a useful website for vocabulary memory. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. (诊断改错) Could you please tell me where does our science club meet on weekends? → ____________________ 17. (诊断改错) The success of smart learning depends on if you can manage your screen time well. → ____________________ 18. (诊断改错) The teacher said that the sun rose in the east and set in the west. → ____________________ 19. (诊断改错) I don't know why to choose this method instead of that one. → ____________________ 20. (诊断改错) I really wonder whether will they come to our study corner on time? → ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, artificial intelligence 1. ______ (change) the way students learn. Many teenagers now wonder 2. ______ AI tools can really help them improve their grades. Last month, our school 3. ______ (introduce) a smart learning platform. Our teacher told us that the platform 4. ______ (design) to meet the needs of each student. At first, some classmates doubted 5. ______ it was useful or not. However, after using it for three weeks, most of us found 6. ______ we could review our weak points much more efficiently. Our head teacher suggested that we 7. ______ (use) it for no more than forty minutes a day. "You should always remember 8. ______ the real power of learning lies in your own thinking," she said. I have decided 9. ______ (combine) the platform with my own study plan. Now I understand 10. ______ important it is to learn wisely. Unit 4 Our Memory 【单元话题】大脑记忆机制、高效遗忘规律对抗与深度思维品质 【语法项目】特殊疑问词（what, who, where, when, why, how）引导的宾语从句；非谓语动词 remember / forget / regret / stop / try 动名词与不定式的辨析 易错点 1：特殊疑问词作从句主语时的“伪倒装”语序判断 【易错点】当特殊疑问词本身充当从句主语时，盲目机械套用“把谓语往后放”导致语序错乱（如 Who broke the window? 变成 I don't know who did break the window）。 【错因分析】常规特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，由于疑问词充当状语或宾语，需采用“疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语”。但如果特殊疑问词（who, what, which）本身就在从句中充当主语，其自然语序本身就是陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），此时切不可插入助动词或倒装。 【正误对比】 【错例】Can you tell me what did happen to your memory? → 【正例】Can you tell me what happened to your memory? 【错例】I wonder who did take my notebook away. → 【正例】I wonder who took my notebook away. 【语法规则】疑问词若作主语，顺序本来就是陈；切忌多心加助动，一气呵成直下行。 易错点 2：remember to do 与 remember doing 的时间方向混淆 【易错点】将 remember to do（记住要做某事）与 remember doing（记得做过某事）在语境中用反。 【错因分析】非谓语动词接 to do 表达“未来未做的事情”，具有指“向后看、尚未发生”的特征；接 doing 表达“过去已做的事情”，具有“向前看、已经发生”的特征。同类辨析词包括：forget to do / forget doing；regret to do / regret doing；stop to do / stop doing；try to do / try doing。 【正误对比】 【错例】Please remember locking the door before leaving the classroom. → 【正例】Please remember to lock the door before leaving the classroom. 【错例】I remember to meet her in the library yesterday, but I forgot her name. → 【正例】I remember meeting her in the library yesterday, but I forgot her name. 【语法规则】to do 未做将要做，doing 做了已成辙；remember to do 莫忘记，remember doing 忆前事。 易错点 3：remind sb. of sth. / remind sb. to do sth. 搭配界限混淆 【易错点】写成 The old photo reminds me that I was a child（漏介词或从句错位），或写成 remind sb. do sth.。 【错因分析】remind 的核心搭配：①remind sb. of sth.（使某人想起某事/某人）；②remind sb. to do sth.（提醒某人去做某事）；③remind sb. that...（提醒某人……，接宾语从句）。 【正误对比】 【错例】This song always reminds me my middle school life. → 【正例】This song always reminds me of my middle school life. 【错例】Please remind him take the medicine on time. → 【正例】Please remind him to take the medicine on time. 【语法规则】使想起用 of 牵引，提醒去做 to do 紧；提醒从句 that 领，三条结构辨分明。 易错点 4：memory, memorize, remember, memorial 的词形词性混乱 【易错点】在动词位置使用名词 memory（如 I need to memory these words），或在形容词位置误用动词。 【错因分析】memory 为名词，意为“记忆力、记忆”；memorize 为及物动词，意为“记住、背诵”；remember 为常用动词，意为“记起、牢记”；memorial 为名词或形容词，意为“纪念碑、纪念的”。 【正误对比】 【错例】Drawing mind maps can help you memory key points effectively. → 【正例】Drawing mind maps can help you memorize key points effectively. 【错例】As he grew older, his memorize began to fail. → 【正例】As he grew older, his memory began to fail. 【语法规则】memory 脑中记忆在，memorize 动词把词背；词性位置对照审，莫让同根串了门。 易错点 5：宾语从句中 what 与 that 的功能混淆 【易错点】在从句缺少主语或宾语时误用 that，或在从句结构完备时误用 what。 【错因分析】that 是纯连接词，在宾语从句中“不占成分、无具体含义”；what 是连接代词，在从句中“必占成分（通常作主语、宾语或表语），意为所……的事物”。 【正误对比】 【错例】We should try our best to remember that our teachers taught us. → 【正例】We should try our best to remember what our teachers taught us. 【错例】The scientist proved what memory can be trained through practice. → 【正例】The scientist proved that memory can be trained through practice. 【语法规则】从句查缺主宾表，缺了就用 what 补；成分完整无缺失，that 引路最称职。 易错点 6：特殊疑问词 + do you think 插入语的语序陷阱 【易错点】写成 Do you think what can improve our memory? 或 What do you think can improve our memory did happen? 【错因分析】当句中含有 do you think / do you believe / do you suppose 等插入语时，特殊疑问词必须置于句首，后接 do you think，其后剩余部分恢复陈述语序：特殊疑问词 + do you think + 陈述语序其余部分？ 【正误对比】 【错例】Do you think where should we store these important memories? → 【正例】Where do you think we should store these important memories? 【错例】Who do you think is he? → 【正例】Who do you think he is? 【语法规则】think 插入语插中间，特殊疑问顶在前；插后句子陈述序，平稳落地画问号。 Unit 4 Our Memory · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Please remember ______ (turn) off your computer before leaving the digital classroom. 2. I still clearly remember ______ (meet) my primary school English teacher for the first time. 3. The smell of fresh bread always reminds me ______ my grandmother's kitchen. 4. Can you tell me what ______ (happen) to your short-term memory after you stay up late? 5. You should try ______ (connect) new words with vivid images to memorize them better. 6. The bell rang and all the students in the hallway stopped ______ (talk) and entered the classroom. 7. After working on math problems for an hour, Li Lei stopped ______ (take) a deep breath. 8. ______ do you think we can improve our memory capacity? (How / What) 9. A healthy diet and enough sleep are crucial to good ______ (memory / memorize). 10. He forgot ______ (bring) his textbook, so he had to share one with his deskmate. 二、按要求改写句子 11. What caused the sudden memory loss? The doctor wants to know. (合并为包含宾语从句的复合句) The doctor wants to know ______ ______ the sudden memory loss. 12. Where can we buy this useful memory handbook? Do you know? (合并为包含宾语从句的复合句) Do you know ______ ______ ______ ______ this useful memory handbook? 13. When should we start our memory training? We haven't decided yet. (用“疑问词+不定式”改写) We haven't decided ______ ______ ______ our memory training yet. 14. What do you think? Which picture represents the concept of memory best? (合并为含插入语的一句话) Which picture ______ ______ ______ represents the concept of memory best? 15. Don't forget to lock the door when you leave. (用 remember 改写为同义句) ______ ______ ______ the door when you leave. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. (诊断改错) Can you tell me what did the teacher say about the Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve? → ____________________ 17. (诊断改错) I remember to see this famous scientist on TV last month, but I forgot his name. → ____________________ 18. (诊断改错) This interesting science experiment reminded me to my pleasant childhood. → ____________________ 19. (诊断改错) Where do you think can we find reliable articles about brain science? → ____________________ 20. (诊断改错) The students were exhausted, so they stopped working having a cup of tea. → ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever wondered 1. ______ you can remember some things for years while forgetting others in seconds? Scientists have found 2. ______ our memory works like a network of connected roads. When we meet new information, the brain first tries 3. ______ (store) it in short-term memory. If we don't review it in time, we may forget 4. ______ we have just learned. That is 5. ______ the German psychologist Ebbinghaus drew his famous forgetting curve more than a century ago. To remember things better, students are advised 6. ______ (review) new knowledge within twenty-four hours. Many top students suggest 7. ______ (use) mind maps, because pictures can remind us 8. ______ the connections between ideas. Besides, enough sleep matters a lot, for the brain stops 9. ______ (take) in new information at night and begins to sort out what we have learned. Do you know 10. ______ to make your memory stronger? Start with a good plan today. Unit 5 Power of Ideas 【单元话题】发明创造的伟大力量、思维突破与人类技术进步 【语法项目】被动语态核心体系（一般现在时 is/am/are + done 与一般过去时 was/were + done）；主被动语态互转规则；主动形式表被动意义 易错点 1：被动语态构造中漏用 be 动词或过去分词形变错误 【易错点】写成 The paper invented in ancient China.（漏 was）或 The bicycle is drove by him.（分词形变错误）。 【错因分析】被动语态的黄金法则是“be + done（及物动词过去分词）”，二者缺一不可。be 动词承担时态和主谓单复数的体现，过去分词体现被动动作。学生常因母语无形态变化而丢掉 be 动词，或将过去分词与一般过去式（如 drove / driven）混淆。 【正误对比】 【错例】The printing technology invented by Bi Sheng in the Song Dynasty. → 【正例】The printing technology was invented by Bi Sheng in the Song Dynasty. 【错例】These smart bikes are took good care of by volunteers. → 【正例】These smart bikes are taken good care of by volunteers. 【语法规则】被动语态结构稳，be 加分词合成群；be 随时态人称变，过去分词切莫拼错文。 易错点 2：双宾语动词（give, show, send, pass, teach 等）变被动语态的介词丢失 【易错点】将间接宾语变主语没问题，但将直接宾语（物）变主语时，漏掉了人前面的介词 to 或 for。 【错因分析】主动句含双宾语（人 + 物）时，变被动有两种路径：①以“人”作主语，结构为 Sb. + be done + sth.；②以“物”作主语，结构为 Sth. + be done + to / for sb.。接 to 的常见动词：give, show, pass, lend, send, tell, teach, offer；接 for 的常见动词：buy, make, cook, choose, build。 【正误对比】 【错例】A creative prize was given him yesterday. → 【正例】A creative prize was given to him yesterday. / He was given a creative prize yesterday. 【错例】A warm sweater was made me by my grandma. → 【正例】A warm sweater was made for me by my grandma. 【语法规则】双宾被动物作主，人前介词要补齐；give/show/send加to，make/buy/cook用for理。 易错点 3：动词短语变被动语态时丢落介词或副词 【易错点】写成 The sick child was looked after well（漏介词 after 或误当不及物）。 【错因分析】动词短语（如 look after, pay attention to, take care of, laugh at, make use of 等）相当于一个独立的及物动词，在变为被动语态时，必须将短语看作一个不可分割的整体，原短语中的介词或副词绝对不能漏掉。 【正误对比】 【错例】The famous inventor was laughed when he first showed his idea. → 【正例】The famous inventor was laughed at when he first showed his idea. 【错例】Great attention must be paid our daily handwriting. → 【正例】Great attention must be paid to our daily handwriting. 【语法规则】动词短语是一家，变了被动不分家；介词副词随身带，丢盔弃甲必定差。 易错点 4：主动形式表达被动意义的典型词类（感官系动词、特性动词） 【易错点】把 The dish smells delicious 误写成 is smelled；把 The book sells well 误写成 is sold well。 【错因分析】有两类动词通常以主动语态形式表达被动含义：①感官系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel，后接形容词作表语，绝无被动语态；②表示事物内在属性或品质的动词：sell, write, read, wash, clean, wear, cut，当与 well, easily, smoothly 等副词连用修饰主语特性时，习惯用主动形式表达被动意义（如 This pen writes smoothly）。 【正误对比】 【错例】The chocolate cake is tasted delicious. → 【正例】The chocolate cake tastes delicious. 【错例】His new novel about scientific inventions is sold well. → 【正例】His new novel about scientific inventions sells well. 【语法规则】感官系动词表感觉，主动形式表被动；特性动词配副词，sell well/read smoothly不用被动声。 易错点 5：be made of / be made from / be made in / be made by 的介词混淆 【易错点】在描述纸张由木头制成时错用 of，在描述桌子由木头制成时错用 from。 【错因分析】be made of 表示“由……制成”，原材料未发生化学质变，肉眼仍可看出原料（如 The desk is made of wood）；be made from 表示“由……制成”，原材料经过化学变化，肉眼看不出原本模样（如 Paper is made from wood / Wine is made from grapes）；be made in 后接产地（如 made in China）；be made by 后接制造者（如 made by workers）。 【正误对比】 【错例】This pair of chopsticks is made from bamboo. → 【正例】This pair of chopsticks is made of bamboo. 【错例】Bread is made of wheat and milk. → 【正例】Bread is made from wheat and milk. 【语法规则】看得出原料 of 清，看不出原料 from 明；in 后面接地名，by 后面是匠人名。 易错点 6：主动变被动时人称代词主宾格与主谓一致的联动失误 【易错点】把主动句的宾语代词直接搬到被动句主语位置（如 Him was given a book），或忽视新主语的单复数变化导致 be 动词用错。 【错因分析】主动变被动是一项综合工程：①宾格代词变为被动句主语时必须转为主格（him->he, them->they）；②be 动词的数必须与“新主语”一致，而不是沿用原句主语的单复数；③原主语若需保留，置于 by 后并转为宾格。 【正误对比】 【错例】They produce high-tech chips. → High-tech chips is produced by them. → 【正例】High-tech chips are produced by them. 【错例】The teacher praised him. → Him was praised by the teacher. → 【正例】He was praised by the teacher. 【语法规则】宾变主格把身翻，be动词随新主变；单复时态双对照，by引宾格在后边。 易错点 7：带复合宾语（使役/感官动词 + 宾语 + 宾补）的被动语态 to 的还原 【易错点】在主动句中 省略 to 的 make / see / hear / watch / notice sb. do sth.，变被动后忘记还原 to。 【错因分析】主动语态中，make, let, see, hear, watch, notice 等后接省略 to 的不定式作宾补；变被动语态后，受动词性质改变影响，必须严格还原不定式符号 to，即 be made to do, be seen to do, be heard to do。 【正误对比】 【错例】The lazy workers were made clean the machine by the boss. → 【正例】The lazy workers were made to clean the machine by the boss. 【错例】A stranger was noticed enter the research lab yesterday. → 【正例】A stranger was noticed to enter the research lab yesterday. 【语法规则】主动省 to 省得妙，被动若漏打问号；只要变身被动式，赶紧把 to 补报到。 Unit 5 Power of Ideas · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Tea, one of the most popular drinks in the world, ______ (produce) mainly in southern China. 2. The telephone ______ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 3. These cotton T-shirts feel very soft and they ______ (wash) easily. 4. The traditional Chinese silk umbrella is made ______ bamboo and silk. 5. Delicious wine is made ______ fresh grapes through special fermentation. 6. Great ideas should ______ (encourage) and put into practice as soon as possible. 7. The ancient stone bridge ______ (build) by local workers hundreds of years ago. 8. The naughty boy was made ______ (stand) outside the classroom by the teacher. 9. A big bunch of flowers was given ______ our chemistry teacher on Teachers' Day. 10. The fresh bread in the bakery ______ (smell) so inviting that people can't help buying some. 二、按要求改写句子 11. Bi Sheng invented movable type printing in ancient China. (改为被动语态) Movable type printing ______ ______ by Bi Sheng in ancient China. 12. Workers produce thousands of electric cars in this modern factory every week. (改为被动语态) Thousands of electric cars ______ ______ by workers in this modern factory every week. 13. The company gave the young engineer an innovation award. (以 an innovation award 为主语改为被动语态) An innovation award ______ ______ ______ the young engineer by the company. 14. We must protect our intellectual property rights carefully. (改为被动语态) Our intellectual property rights ______ ______ ______ carefully. 15. They saw the suspicious man enter the research room. (改为被动语态) The suspicious man ______ ______ ______ enter the research room. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. (诊断改错) The great invention was widely spread and used all over Europe in the 15th century. → ____________________ 17. (诊断改错) Paper is made of wood, and it was invented in ancient China. → ____________________ 18. (诊断改错) This brand of pen is sold very well because it writes smoothly. → ____________________ 19. (诊断改错) The injured dog was looked by a warm-hearted volunteer yesterday. → ____________________ 20. (诊断改错) These old machines can't operate without electricity; they must be repair at once. → ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Great ideas have always been the engine of human progress. In ancient China, four great inventions 1. ______ (create) by our ancestors and later spread across the world. Paper, for example, 2. ______ (make) from wood and bamboo, and it changed the way knowledge 3. ______ (record). Today, the power of ideas is still changing our country. High-speed trains 4. ______ (run) at over 350 kilometres an hour, and new energy vehicles 5. ______ (sell) in more than one hundred countries. The C919 passenger plane, which 6. ______ (develop) by Chinese engineers, has already carried millions of passengers. In the past, such achievements could hardly 7. ______ (imagine). These products 8. ______ (make) in China are now welcomed all over the world. It is widely believed that creativity must 9. ______ (encourage) from an early age. When young people's ideas 10. ______ (put) into practice, the future will be brighter. Unit 6 Beyond Earth 【单元话题】太空探索、地外文明奥秘、未来科学设想与人类命运共同体 【语法项目】一般将来时的被动语态（will be done / is/are going to be done）；情态动词被动语态的拓展；beyond 的多义介词用法 易错点 1：一般将来时被动语态 will be done 漏掉 be 动词 【易错点】把“太空站将于明年建成”写成 The space station will built next year. 【错因分析】受一般将来时主动语态 will + do 影响，学生容易直接把 do 替换为过去分词 built，导致丢掉了核心构成部件 be。一般将来时的被动语态必须是 will + be + done，其中 be 是原形，分词不可少。 【正误对比】 【错例】A new lunar research base will build by Chinese scientists in the 2030s. → 【正例】A new lunar research base will be built by Chinese scientists in the 2030s. 【错例】More satellites will sent into orbit next month. → 【正例】More satellites will be sent into orbit next month. 【语法规则】将来被动助动 will，紧跟 be 词莫忘记；过去分词排后位，三者合一表将来。 易错点 2：be going to be done 结构中两个 be 的混淆与变形混乱 【易错点】写成 is going to built, is going to be build, 或 are going to done 等各种残缺形式。 【错因分析】be going to 的被动语态由两部分组合而成：第一部分是表示将来的时态标记 be going to，其中的 be 必须随主语人称和数变化为 is / am / are；第二部分是被动语态的不定式形态 to be done，这里的 be 永远保持原形，后接及物动词的过去分词。 【正误对比】 【错例】The new Mars exploration project is going to announce tomorrow. → 【正例】The new Mars exploration project is going to be announced tomorrow. 【错例】Several scientific experiments are going to be carry out in space. → 【正例】Several scientific experiments are going to be carried out in space. 【语法规则】be going to 后面跟被动，两处 be 词各有用；前 be 随主变 is/are，后 be 不动配过去分词。 易错点 3：主将从现原则在被动语态条件/时间状语从句中的渗透 【易错点】在 if / when / as soon as 引导的时间或条件状语从句中，误将从句也使用一般将来时的被动语态。 【错因分析】在主从复合句中，若主句是一般将来时（主动或被动），由 if, unless 引导的条件状语从句以及由 when, as soon as, before, after 引导的时间状语从句，必须严格遵循“主将从现”原则——从句用一般现在时的被动语态（is/am/are + done）来代替一般将来时被动语态。 【正误对比】 【错例】If the spacecraft will be launched tomorrow, we will watch it live. → 【正例】If the spacecraft is launched tomorrow, we will watch it live. 【错例】We will start the experiment as soon as the samples will be collected. → 【正例】We will start the experiment as soon as the samples are collected. 【语法规则】主将从现铁律坚，被动语态同样言；主句将来 will be done，从句 is/are + done 现。 易错点 4：介词 beyond 的空间、程度、时间引申义理解偏差 【易错点】仅把 beyond 机械理解为“在……外面”，在阅读和写作中遇到抽象比喻义时产生错解。 【错因分析】beyond 是新教材的核心高频介词，具有三重重要维度：①空间方位：“在……较远的一边、超出边界”（beyond the stars, beyond the earth）；②能力与程度极限：“超出……范围、非……所能及”（beyond one's ability, beyond description 难以描述, beyond doubt 毫无疑问, beyond repair 无法修补）；③时间：“迟于、超过某时间”（don't stay out beyond 10 p.m.）。 【正误对比】 【错例】The beauty of the galaxy is over description. → 【正例】The beauty of the galaxy is beyond description. 【错例】Solving this deep space puzzle is out of our ability. (欠地道) → 【正例】Solving this deep space puzzle is beyond our ability. 【语法规则】beyond prep. 意味深，远在彼方超星辰；能力程度超极限，难以言表 beyond descr. 易错点 5：将来时被动语态的疑问与否定句式变换倒装错误 【易错点】变一般疑问句时将 will be 整块提前（Will be the space station built...?），或否定句中 not 位置颠倒（will be not done）。 【错因分析】将来时被动语态含有两个助动词（will 和 be）：变一般疑问句时，只需将第一个助动词 will 提前至句首，be 仍留在主语之后；变否定句时，否定词 not 只能加在第一个助动词 will 之后（will not be done = won't be done），绝不可加在 be 之后。 【正误对比】 【错例】Will be the new satellite launched next Monday? → 【正例】Will the new satellite be launched next Monday? 【错例】The research project will be not completed on time. → 【正例】The research project will not be completed on time. 【语法规则】疑问提前只移 will，be 词安坐主语后；否定紧贴 will 后放，won't be done 记得牢。 易错点 6：情态动词表推测时与被动语态的组合（must be done / can't be done） 【易错点】把表推测的情态动词否定式与一般否定式混淆，或把过去推测与现在推测形式套混。 【错因分析】情态动词 + be done 既可表义务要求（must be done 必须被做），也可表推测（must be done 一定会被……；can't be done 不可能被……）。九年级学段开始考查结合具体语境辨析情态动词的推测语义。 【正误对比】 【错例】The mysterious signal must can't be explained by current science. → 【正例】The mysterious signal cannot be explained by current science. 【错例】The answer must be find out soon. → 【正例】The answer must be found out soon. 【语法规则】情态被动表推测，must 一定 can't 不可能；分词形态不能变，合情合理把意明。 Unit 6 Beyond Earth · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. A new space laboratory ______ (set) up by our country in the coming three years. 2. The latest astronomical data ______ (analyze) by international scientists next month. 3. If the weather permits, the new rocket ______ (launch) tomorrow morning. 4. The wonders of the deep universe are ______ description; words fail to express our awe. (beyond / out) 5. A telescope will ______ (buy) for me as my sixteenth birthday gift. 6. ______ the mysterious radio signal ______ (receive) by ground stations tonight? (Will / Is) 7. These dangerous space experiments ______ (not allow) to be conducted without strict safety checks. 8. The real cause of the cosmic explosion cannot ______ (explain) by our existing theories. 9. It is believed that more habitable planets will ______ (discover) beyond our solar system. 10. As soon as the astronaut's health check ______ (complete), he will meet the reporters. 二、按要求改写句子 11. Scientists will test the new spacesuit in a simulated vacuum chamber. (改为被动语态) The new spacesuit ______ ______ ______ in a simulated vacuum chamber by scientists. 12. Are engineers going to repair the damaged satellite next week? (改为被动语态) ______ the damaged satellite ______ ______ ______ ______ by engineers next week? 13. We will send a special gift to the astronaut when he returns to the Earth. (以 a special gift 为主语改写为被动语态) A special gift ______ ______ ______ ______ the astronaut when he returns to the Earth. 14. They will hold an exhibition on space technology in our city museum. (改为被动语态) An exhibition on space technology ______ ______ ______ in our city museum. 15. People cannot solve this space mystery within a short period. (改为被动语态) This space mystery ______ ______ ______ within a short period. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. (诊断改错) A solar observation base will built on the south pole of the Moon by 2035. → ____________________ 17. (诊断改错) If the spacesuit will be damaged, the astronaut will be in great danger. → ____________________ 18. (诊断改错) The amazing scenery of Mars is totally over our wildest imagination. → ____________________ 19. (诊断改错) Will be the space lecture given by our famous astronaut tomorrow afternoon? → ____________________ 20. (诊断改错) There will be held an international conference on space exploration in Beijing next month. → ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In June 2024, a piece of exciting news 1. ______ (announce) by the China National Space Administration: Chang'e-6 had brought back the first samples from the far side of the Moon. This historic achievement 2. ______ (praise) by scientists around the world. It is reported that more lunar missions 3. ______ (carry) out in the coming years. Before long, a research station 4. ______ (build) near the Moon's south pole, where scientists can work for long periods. Besides, more than two hundred experiments 5. ______ (conduct) in the Tiangong Space Station since 2022. If new technologies 6. ______ (develop) successfully, ordinary people may one day travel beyond the Earth. However, deep space exploration is still 7. ______ human's present ability in many ways. Cosmic radiation must 8. ______ (deal) with first, and space rubbish must 9. ______ (clean) up responsibly. Only when wisdom and courage 10. ______ (combine) can we go further into deep space. Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm 【单元话题】音乐流派、律动美育、情感抒发与多元文化包容 【语法项目】定语从句（Attributive Clause）初阶体系：关系代词 that, which, who, whose 的选用；关系代词省略条件；定语从句主谓一致 易错点 1：关系代词 that 与 which 在指物时的边界混淆与“只能用 that”的特例 【易错点】在先行词被最高级修饰时仍用 which（如 the best song which I have heard），或先行词是不定代词时误用 which。 【错因分析】that 与 which 均可指代“物”并在从句中作主语或宾语。但在以下七种特殊语境下，必须严格使用 that，不可使用 which：①先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时；②先行词被 all, any, no, every, little, few, much, only, very（正是）等限定词修饰时；③先行词本身是不定代词（everything, anything, nothing, all, little, none 等）时；④先行词既包含“人”又包含“物”时；⑤主句以 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句，为避免重复时；⑥先行词在从句中作表语时；⑦there be 句型中的先行词指物时。 【正误对比】 【错例】This is the most touching song which I have ever listened to. → 【正例】This is the most touching song that I have ever listened to. 【错例】Everything which he shared about traditional Chinese folk music was amazing. → 【正例】Everything that he shared about traditional Chinese folk music was amazing. 【语法规则】that/which 皆指物，七种情况 that 独：最高序数不定代，all/little/much先行该；人与物合一处站，who/which发问that换。 易错点 2：定语从句中关系代词作主语与作宾语时“省略权限”的混淆 【易错点】将作从句主语的关系代词随意省略，造成出现“无主句”或双重谓语病句（如 The musician wrote the song is young）。 【错因分析】关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时，具有支撑从句句子骨架的不可替代性，绝对不可省略；只有当关系代词在从句中充当动词或介词的宾语时，才可以省略。检验法：将先行词带入从句，看从句缺主语还是缺宾语。 【正误对比】 【错例】The girl is playing the violin on the stage is my elder sister. → 【正例】The girl who / that is playing the violin on the stage is my elder sister. 【错例】The musical instrument which he bought it yesterday is very expensive. (多写it) → 【正例】The musical instrument (which / that) he bought yesterday is very expensive. 【语法规则】代词作主不可省，从句脊梁骨架挺；代词作宾任你省，句子流畅意更清。 易错点 3：定语从句谓语动词的数未与“先行词”保持一致 【易错点】写成 The musicians who performs on the stage are famous. 或 One of the songs that is popular are recorded here. 【错因分析】定语从句中的关系代词（that, who, which）本身没有单复数形态，其性与数完全继承并取决于前面的“先行词”。因此，当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数必须严格与先行词保持一致。特别警惕结构：one of + 复数名词 + that / who + 复数谓语；the only one of + 复数名词 + that / who + 单数谓语。 【正误对比】 【错例】He is one of the students who loves rock music in our class. → 【正例】He is one of the students who love rock music in our class. 【错例】She is the only one of the girls who like playing the piano here. → 【正例】She is the only one of the girls who likes playing the piano here. 【语法规则】关系代词本身无单复，回头紧盯先行词；one of接复数谓语，the only one of单数持。 易错点 4：whose 表示所属关系时的词形混淆（与 who's 混淆）及指代范围误区 【易错点】将 whose 误写为 who's（who is 缩写），或误以为 whose 只能指人、不能指物。 【错因分析】whose 是关系所有格代词，意为“……的”，其后必接名词构成名词短语（whose + 名词），在从句中作定语。whose 既可指人（the boy whose father is a musician），也可指物（the song whose melody is gentle = the melody of which is gentle）。who's 是 who is 或 who has 的缩写，绝不可混淆。 【正误对比】 【错例】I like the singer who's voice is full of energy. → 【正例】I like the singer whose voice is full of energy. 【错例】This is an ancient musical instrument who's strings are made of silk. → 【正例】This is an ancient musical instrument whose strings are made of silk. 【语法规则】whose 意为谁的物，后接名词作定语；指人指物均胜任，莫与 who is 缩写误。 易错点 5：关系代词与从句原有代词在成分上的“双重占位”重复 【易错点】从句中已有关系代词指代先行词充当宾语，却仍在从句动词后保留原代词 it / them / him。 【错因分析】关系代词在引导从句的同时，已经代替先行词在从句中充当了主语或宾语。如果在从句中再次出现代表先行词的人称代词，就会造成成分多余、画蛇添足的语法硬伤。 【正误对比】 【错例】This is the pop song that we listened to it during the break. → 【正例】This is the pop song that we listened to during the break. 【错例】The famous composer whom I admire him most has won an award. → 【正例】The famous composer whom I admire most has won an award. 【语法规则】关系代词进从句，已将先行词代替；后面代词快删去，不可重叠占位子。 易错点 6：关系代词 which / that 与关系副词 where / when 的本质混淆 【易错点】看到先行词是地点名词或时间名词，便一律盲目使用 where 或 when，忽略了从句缺主语或宾语的情况。 【错因分析】选择关系代词还是关系副词，关键不是看先行词是什么词，而是看“引导词在从句中充当什么成分”：若从句缺少主语或宾语，无论先行词是时间、地点还是普通事物，都必须用关系代词 which / that；只有当从句句子结构完整（不缺主宾语），先行词在从句中充当时间状语时用 when，充当地点状语时用 where。 【正误对比】 【错例】This is the grand concert hall where was built last year. → 【正例】This is the grand concert hall which / that was built last year. 【错例】I will never forget the day which we performed together on the stage. → 【正例】I will never forget the day when we performed together on the stage. 【语法规则】状语代词莫单看先行，从句成分定前程；缺主缺宾用that/which，完整缺状才用where/when。 易错点 7：介词提前至关系代词前时的代词选用限制 【易错点】在介词后误用 that 或 who（如 the hall in that we held the concert; the singer with who I talked）。 【错因分析】当定语从句中的介词提前至关系代词前时，关系代词的选择受到严格限制：指物时只能用 which（介词 + which），指人时只能用 whom（介词 + whom）。此时绝对不可用 that，也不可用 who，关系代词更不可省略。 【正误对比】 【错例】The musical style about that we talked yesterday is Jazz. → 【正例】The musical style about which we talked yesterday is Jazz. 【错例】The music teacher from who I learned a lot has retired. → 【正例】The music teacher from whom I learned a lot has retired. 【语法规则】介词提前有规矩，指物which指人whom；that/who不能立介后，代词此刻不可省。 易错点 8：定语从句与宾语从句的混淆判定 【易错点】无法区分句子属于定语从句还是宾语从句，导致连接词错配或翻译偏离。 【错因分析】定语从句紧跟在名词或代词（先行词）之后，起修饰限定作用，关系词在从句中充当成分；宾语从句紧跟在及物动词或介词之后，充当整个句子的宾语，从句是动作的对象。判断捷径：看引导词前面是“名词/代词”（多为定从）还是“动词/介词”（多为宾从）。 【正误对比】 例：I know that the concert will be held tomorrow. (宾语从句，that在句中作连接，无先行词) 例：I know the concert that will be held tomorrow. (定语从句，that指代concert作从句主语) 【语法规则】前面动词接宾语，前面名词修饰它；名后定从紧相随，动机宾从理不差。 Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The young musician ______ won the top award in the international competition is from Wuhan. (who / which) 2. This is the sweetest folk melody ______ I have ever heard in my whole life. (that / which) 3. The band ______ songs are full of positive energy has attracted millions of teenage fans. (whose / who's) 4. The concert hall ______ was constructed three years ago has world-class acoustics. (which / where) 5. I still remember the festival ______ we sang and danced together around the bonfire. (when / which) 6. The instruments and musicians ______ were introduced in the documentary fascinated all the students. (that / which) 7. He is one of the greatest pianists who ______ (inspire) generations of young music lovers. 8. She is the only one of the singers in our school who ______ (have) the talent to compose original songs. 9. The traditional Chinese instrument about ______ we are talking is the Guzheng. (which / that) 10. The teacher with ______ my sister studied vocal music is a renowned soprano. (whom / who) 二、按要求改写句子 11. The song brings back my sweet childhood memories. You recommended it yesterday. (合并为包含定语从句的复合句) The song ______ ______ ______ yesterday brings back my sweet childhood memories. 12. I like the creative composer. His works combine traditional Chinese folk music with rock. (用 whose 合并句子) I like the creative composer ______ ______ combine traditional Chinese folk music with rock. 13. This is the modern music studio. We recorded our first album here. (用关系副词合并句子) This is the modern music studio ______ we recorded our first album. 14. The girl is my classmate Li Hua. She is playing the Erhu on the stage. (合并为包含定语从句的句子) The girl ______ ______ ______ the Erhu on the stage is my classmate Li Hua. 15. All the things happened during the music tour were unforgettable. (修改定语从句使其规范) All the things ______ ______ during the music tour were unforgettable. 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. (诊断改错) The young violinist whom we talked to him just now is from the Central Conservatory of Music. → ____________________ 17. (诊断改错) This is the best performance which has ever been staged in our city theater. → ____________________ 18. (诊断改错) The singer who's lyrics are deeply touching will hold a concert next month. → ____________________ 19. (诊断改错) The concert hall where was decorated with colorful lights looked magnificent last night. → ____________________ 20. (诊断改错) The guitarist about that our class was talking has won the champion. → ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Music is a language 1. ______ needs no translation. It can comfort a sad heart and give courage to a lonely soul. In 2025, a Chinese animated film 2. ______ (become) a worldwide hit, and the music in it 3. ______ (praise) by audiences from different countries. The composer, 4. ______ works mix traditional Chinese instruments with modern sounds, said that he had listened to hundreds of folk songs before he started. "The erhu and the dizi are instruments 5. ______ can express deep feelings," he explained. Many young people 6. ______ were deeply moved by the music began to learn traditional instruments. There is a music school in our city 7. ______ students can try more than twenty kinds of instruments. I still remember the evening 8. ______ I first heard the theme song. It was a moment 9. ______ changed my understanding of music. Through melodies, we can build a bridge 10. ______ connects different cultures. Unit 8 More than a Game 【单元话题】体育精神、团队协作、竞技荣耀与超越输赢的人生态度 【语法项目】主谓一致（Subject-Verb Agreement）三大基本原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近原则；倒装句与长难句主语提取 易错点 1：either... or / neither... nor / not only... but also 遵循就近原则 【易错点】把 either you or I are wrong 算作全句整体复数，或者遇到 there be 句型忽视就近名词的单复数。 【错因分析】当并列连词 either... or...（或者……或者……）、neither... nor...（既不……也不……）、not only... but also...（不仅……而且……）以及 not... but... 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数完全取决于“距离谓语动词最近的那个主语”，此为严格的就近原则。there be 句型同样遵循就近原则。 【正误对比】 【错例】Neither the coach nor the players is satisfied with the result. → 【正例】Neither the coach nor the players are satisfied with the result. 【错例】Not only you but also he are going to represent our school. → 【正例】Not only you but also he is going to represent our school. 【错例】There are a basketball and five volleyballs in the equipment room. → 【正例】There is a basketball and five volleyballs in the equipment room. 【语法规则】either/neither与not only，就近原则显威名；紧挨动词是哪个，单复形式随它行；there be 同样看近邻，首个名词定 be 魂。 易错点 2：as well as / with / together with / besides 等短语遵循“就远原则” 【易错点】看到主语后跟了 as well as my friends 或 with his parents，误按复数处理谓语动词。 【错因分析】当主语后面附加由 with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, except, including, rather than 等引导的介词短语或修饰语时，这些成分属于附加状语，句子的真正主语依然是“前面的中心词”。谓语动词必须严格与最前面的主语保持一致，此为“就远原则”。 【正误对比】 【错例】The team captain as well as his teammates are preparing for the final match. → 【正例】The team captain as well as his teammates is preparing for the final match. 【错例】A famous football star with his family have arrived in Beijing. → 【正例】A famous football star with his family has arrived in Beijing. 【语法规则】as well as 与 with 连，附加成分靠边站；谓语紧跟前主语，隔山打牛就远端。 易错点 3：a number of 与 the number of 的数理意义与单复数倒错 【易错点】把 the number of students are 误判为复数，或者把 a number of books is 误判为单数。 【错因分析】a number of 意为“许多、大量的”，相当于 many，后接可数名词复数，整个短语中心词是后面的复数名词，谓语动词必须用复数；the number of 意为“……的数目、数量”，中心词就是 number，后虽然接复数名词，但整个结构表达一个抽象的“数值”，谓语动词必须严格用单数。 【正误对比】 【错例】A number of young students is joining the sports club this term. → 【正例】A number of young students are joining the sports club this term. 【错例】The number of the basketball players in our school are increasing. → 【正例】The number of the basketball players in our school is increasing. 【语法规则】a number of 许多多，复数谓语不用愁；the number of 算总数，单数谓语定乾坤。 易错点 4：复合不定代词作主语的单数定势 【易错点】受汉语“大家、所有人”的整体感影响，误将 everyone / everybody / nobody / each 看作复数谓语。 【错因分析】由 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 -one, -body, -thing 构成的复合不定代词（everyone, somebody, nobody, everything, anything 等）以及 each, either, neither, one 作主语时，必须一律看作第三人称单数，谓语动词严格用单数形式。注意：each of / neither of + 复数名词，谓语动词依然用单数。 【正误对比】 【错例】Everyone in our football team are eager to win the championship. → 【正例】Everyone in our football team is eager to win the championship. 【错例】Neither of the two solutions work well. → 【正例】Neither of the two solutions works well. 【语法规则】复合不定代词领，个个看作单数行；each/neither挑大梁，单数谓语立正平。 易错点 5：集合名词（family, class, team, group）的意义一致性辨析 【易错点】无法根据语境判断集合名词是指代“整体单位”还是“全体成员”。 【错因分析】family, team, class, group 等集合名词作主语时遵循“意义一致”原则：当强调整体概念、一个组织单位时，谓语动词用单数；当强调集体中的“每一个具体成员”时，谓语动词用复数。辨析线索：句中若出现 all, each, their, eyes, minds 等词时，往往强调成员，用复数。 【正误对比】 【对比】Our school football team is a strong team in our city. (强调整体单位，用 is) 【对比】The whole team are practicing hard on the playground. (强调全体队员，用 are) 【语法规则】集合名词看语义，集体单位单数立；若指成员一个个，复数谓语显活力。 易错点 6：分数、百分数、part of、most of + 名词作主语的谓语决定权 【易错点】误以为分数和百分数本身决定单复数（如认为 two thirds 一定是复数）。 【错因分析】“分数 / 百分数 / most of / half of / the rest of / a part of + of + 名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数完全取决于 of 后面的名词属性：若 of 后跟不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；若 of 后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。 【正误对比】 【错例】Three quarters of the Earth's surface are covered by water. → 【正例】Three quarters of the Earth's surface is covered by water. 【错例】Two thirds of the players is from our school. → 【正例】Two thirds of the players are from our school. 【语法规则】分数百分加 of 词，单复全看后名词；名词不可数单数定，名词复数动词复。 易错点 7：and 连接的并列主语指“同一人/物”或“固定成套搭配”的单数特例 【易错点】看到 and 就条件反射用复数，忽略了 the writer and teacher 指同一人，或 bread and butter 指一道食物。 【错因分析】and 连接两个名词通常用复数谓语。但有两个重要例外：①两个名词指同一人、同一事物，通常只有第一个名词前有冠词（如 The teacher and writer is giving a talk. 这位身兼作家的老师）；②两个名词共同表示一个成套物品或一道整体事物（如 Bread and butter is a western breakfast. 涂黄油的面包；Knife and fork is on the table. 刀叉）。 【正误对比】 【错例】The singer and dancer are going to visit our city. (若指一人则错) → 【正例】The singer and dancer is going to visit our city. 【错例】Fish and chips are my favorite British dish. → 【正例】Fish and chips is my favorite British dish. 【语法规则】and 连两项常为复，特殊例外看仔细；冠词单一指同人，成套事物单数立。 Unit 8 More than a Game · 配套练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Neither the coach nor the team members ______ (be) discouraged by the temporary failure. 2. The captain, along with all his teammates, ______ (train) intensively on the court every afternoon. 3. A number of outstanding basketball players ______ (come) from this middle school. 4. The number of students participating in winter sports ______ (increase) rapidly this year. 5. Everyone who takes part in the campus marathon ______ (receive) a commemorative medal. 6. Two hours ______ (be) enough for us to finish this friendly football game. 7. About three quarters of the playground ______ (cover) with green artificial turf. 8. The whole basketball team ______ (be) celebrating their hard-won victory in the locker room right now. 9. Not only the coach but also the young runner ______ (have) full confidence in breaking the record. 10. The teacher and football coach ______ (be) discussing the training plan with the principal. 二、按要求改写句子 11. Both the captain and the players are ready for the final match. (用 Neither... nor... 改写为否定句) Neither the captain nor the players ______ ______ for the final match. 12. The students are practicing hard, and their physical education teacher is also practicing hard. (用 as well as 合并句子) The physical education teacher as well as his students ______ ______ hard. 13. There are fifty players in the training camp. (用 The number of... 改写句子) The number of the players in the training camp ______ ______. 14. Each of the athletes has passed the strict physical examination. (改为同义句) All of the athletes ______ ______ the strict physical examination. 15. Twenty kilometers is a challenging distance for amateur runners. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ ______ a challenging distance for amateur runners? 三、单句改错（每句有一处错误） 16. (诊断改错) Either you or your deskmate are responsible for organizing the sports equipment. → ____________________ 17. (诊断改错) The headmaster, together with thirty teachers, were present at the sports meet opening. → ____________________ 18. (诊断改错) Three weeks are a long vacation for athletes who prepare for the Olympics. → ____________________ 19. (诊断改错) Sixty percent of the water in this swimming pool are changed every three days. → ____________________ 20. (诊断改错) There are a volleyball and several table tennis rackets in the sports box. → ____________________ 四、语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sports teach us far more than how to win. At the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, Chinese athletes 1. ______ (win) 40 gold medals, and every one of them 2. ______ (be) the result of years of hard training. Neither the glory nor the failure 3. ______ (define) a true athlete; what matters is the spirit of never giving up. In our school, a number of sports clubs 4. ______ (set) up in recent years. The number of students who take part in daily exercise 5. ______ (grow) steadily. Last Friday, our class held a relay race. Not only the runners but also the audience 6. ______ (be) excited. Each of the runners 7. ______ (try) their best. Two hours 8. ______ (pass) before we knew it. Although our class lost by two seconds, our coach, as well as the players, 9. ______ (be) proud of our teamwork. In fact, about ninety percent of the value of sports 10. ______ (lie) in friendship and growth. 参考答案与解析 Unit 1 The Changing World · 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. have taken (take place无被动，since从句提示主句用现在完成时，主语复数用have taken) 2. has gone (人去而未归，用has gone to) 3. joined; has been (three years ago用一般过去时，ever since提示现在完成时且非延续性join转为延续的be) 4. has been (for more than sixty years与延续状态连用，be in表示在某地) 5. yet; already (疑问句句末用yet表示“已经”，肯定句用already) 6. used (used to do表示过去常常) 7. sorting (be used to doing表示习惯于做某事，to为介词接动名词) 8. harvesting (be used for doing sth. 表示被用来做某事，for为介词接动名词) 9. is / has been; moved (It is/has been + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时从句) 10. borrowed; has kept (two days ago用一般过去时borrowed；for 48 hours需换成延续动词kept) 二、按要求改写句子 11. has had (buy是瞬间动词，与since搭配需换成延续性动词have) 12. has been on (begin是瞬间动词，与for一段时间搭配换成be on) 13. is not used to (根据句意表达现在不再习惯于彻夜玩游戏) 14. It is / has been; since (经典固定句型 It is/has been + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时) 15. but; still (although与but不能同时出现，去掉although后主句前加but，句中可留still加强语气) 三、单句改错 16. 将 has died 改为 has been dead 或 was dead (瞬间动词不能与for ten years连用) 17. 去掉 but (although与but不可连用) 18. 将 was happened 改为 happened (happen为不及物动词，无被动语态) 19. 将 making 改为 make 或将 to 改为 for (be used to do sth. / be used for doing sth. 表示被用来做) 20. 将 gone 改为 been (询问是否曾经去过某地且当前在现场对话，应用have been to) 四、语篇语法填空 1. have taken　2. had　3. sell　4. took　5. has changed　6. was connected　7. were sold　8. are used　9. have lived　10. seen 【解析】 1. over the past five years 是现在完成时的标志状语，take place 无被动语态，主语 changes 为复数。 2. Five years ago 提示一般过去时，与现在无关。 3. used to do sth. 表示过去常常，用动词原形。 4. 与 was 并列的谓语，用一般过去时。 5. 由 however 与 since 从句可知用现在完成时。 6. the village 与 connect 是被动关系，since 从句用一般过去时，故用 was connected。 7. oranges 与 sell 是被动关系，Last year alone 提示一般过去时，主语为复数。 8. 陈述现在的常态，用一般现在时被动语态。 9. for over sixty years 提示现在完成时。 10. 与 have 构成现在完成时，表示从未见过。 Unit 2 Inspiring People · 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. of (thoughtful表示人的品质特征，用of sb.) 2. for (necessary修饰事情的性质，用for sb.) 3. inspiring; inspired (第一空修饰speech用-ing表示“令人鼓舞的”；第二空主语为all of us用-ed表示“感到受鼓舞的”) 4. for (admire sb. for (doing) sth. 介词固定用for) 5. teaching (devote... to doing sth. 中to为介词，后接动名词) 6. bravery / courage (showed后接名词作宾语，填bravery或courage) 7. to run (make sb. do变被动语态后还原to，即be made to do) 8. as (be regarded as为固定短语，意为“被看作……”) 9. to find (It takes sb. some time to do sth. 句型中it为形式主语，真实主语为不定式) 10. encourages (陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语单数填encourages) 二、按要求改写句子 11. It; to conquer (it作形式主语，真正主语用动词不定式短语) 12. It is; of (generous为修饰人的品质形容词，句型为It is + adj. + of sb. to do) 13. is considered as (主动变被动，单数第三人称用is considered as) 14. was made to (使役动词make的被动形式必须补出不定式符号to) 15. for his (admire sb. for sth. 结构) 三、单句改错 16. 将 for 改为 of (foolish表人的品质性格，应用of sb.) 17. 将 inspiring tears 改为 inspired tears (修饰泪水体现感动的情绪或用tears of inspiration) 18. 将 enter 改为 to enter (see sb. do变被动还原to，即be seen to enter) 19. 将 look 改为 looking (devote... to中to是介词，后接动名词) 20. 将 like 改为 as (be regarded as固定搭配，不用like) 四、语篇语法填空 1. brave　2. them　3. has devoted　4. training　5. to stay　6. for　7. for　8. as　9. courage　10. a 【解析】 1. brave 是描述人的品质的形容词，用于 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 结构。 2. prove 后接宾语，用宾格 them。 3. since he was a child 提示现在完成时。 4. devote oneself to 中的 to 是介词，后接动名词。 5. see sb. do sth. 变被动语态后要补出不定式符号 to。 6. admire sb. for sth. 表示因某事钦佩某人。 7. necessary 描述事情的性质，用 for sb.。 8. regard sb. as ... 意为把某人看作。 9. enough 后接名词，用 courage。 10. make a difference 是固定短语。 Unit 3 Smart Learning · 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. how (从句已有谓语improve和宾语speed，填连接副词how表方式) 2. (should) review (suggest that sb. (should) do虚拟语气结构) 3. whether (紧跟不定式to download只能用whether) 4. travels (客观真理用一般现在时，主语单数填travels) 5. whether (介词on后作宾语只能用whether) 6. that (从句结构完整，that只起连接作用不充当成分) 7. would set (主句announced为过去时，the next semester表示过去将来时) 8. how (疑问词+不定式，why不可接不定式) 9. moves (客观科学定律用一般现在时) 10. will they (否定前移，主句含don't think，反义疑问句针对从句且用肯定问句) 二、按要求改写句子 11. if / whether; offers (宾语从句用陈述语序，一般疑问句用if/whether引导，主语为第三人称单数，动词加s) 12. what time; will begin (特殊疑问词what time引导，后接陈述语序the live class will begin) 13. how to use (主从句主语一致时，简化为疑问词+不定式) 14. that; (should) make (suggest that sb. (should) do 句型) 15. had found (主句为said过去时，引语中现在的完成时变为过去完成时had found) 三、单句改错 16. 将 where does our science club meet 改为 where our science club meets (宾语从句采用陈述语序) 17. 将 if 改为 whether (介词on之后作宾语只能用whether) 18. 将 rose... set 改为 rises... sets (客观自然规律必须使用一般现在时) 19. 将 why to choose 改为 why I should choose / how to choose (why不能直接接不定式) 20. 将 will they 改为 they will 并将句末问号改为句号 (主句I really wonder为陈述句，且从句必须用陈述语序) 四、语篇语法填空 1. has changed　2. whether　3. introduced　4. was designed　5. whether　6. that　7. (should) use　8. that　9. to combine　10. how 【解析】 1. In recent years 提示现在完成时。 2. 从句为一般疑问句转化而来，用 whether 或 if 引导；此处用 whether。 3. Last month 提示一般过去时。 4. the platform 与 design 是被动关系，主句为过去时，用 was designed。 5. 与 or not 直接连用，只能用 whether。 6. 从句结构完整，用 that 引导，不作成分。 7. suggest that 从句用虚拟语气，谓语用 (should) + 动词原形。 8. 从句成分完整，用 that。 9. decide to do sth. 用不定式作宾语。 10. 修饰形容词 important，用连接副词 how 引导宾语从句。 Unit 4 Our Memory · 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. to turn (remember to do 记得去做某事，事情未做) 2. meeting (remember doing 记得做过某事，事情已做) 3. of (remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事) 4. happens (what作从句主语，直接接谓语动词，陈述自然事实用一般现在时单数形式) 5. connecting (try doing 尝试用某种方法做尝试) 6. talking (stop doing 停止手头正在做的动作) 7. to take (stop to do 停下手头事转去做另一件事) 8. How (修饰动词improve，用疑问副词how) 9. memory (形容词good后接名词memory) 10. to bring (forget to do 忘记去做某事，课本未带去学校) 二、按要求改写句子 11. what caused (what本身作从句主语，保持自然语序) 12. where we can buy (陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语) 13. when to start (主从句主语一致，简化为疑问词+不定式) 14. do you think (do you think作为插入语置于特殊疑问词之后) 15. Remember to lock (Don't forget to do = Remember to do) 三、单句改错 16. 将 what did the teacher say 改为 what the teacher said (宾语从句采用陈述语序) 17. 将 to see 改为 seeing (上个月发生的事情用remember doing) 18. 将 to my pleasant 改为 of my pleasant (remind sb. of sth. 固定搭配) 19. 将 can we find 改为 we can find (插入语后从句用陈述语序) 20. 将 working having 改为 working to have (停下工作去喝茶用stop doing sth. to do sth.) 四、语篇语法填空 1. why　2. that　3. to store　4. what　5. how　6. to review　7. using　8. of　9. taking　10. how 【解析】 1. 从句成分完整，缺少原因状语，用 why 引导。 2. 从句结构完整，用 that 引导，只起连接作用。 3. try to do sth. 表示努力去做某事。 4. forget 后接宾语从句，从句缺宾语，用 what。 5. 表示方式，用 how 引导表语从句。 6. be advised to do sth. 意为被建议做某事。 7. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事。 8. remind sb. of sth. 是固定搭配。 9. stop doing sth. 表示停止正在做的动作。 10. 疑问词 + 不定式，how to do 表示如何做。 Unit 5 Power of Ideas · 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. is produced (Tea不可数，陈述客观事实用一般现在时被动语态) 2. was invented (1876为确切过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态) 3. wash (特性动词与副词easily连用，主动表被动含义) 4. of (看得出原材料用be made of) 5. from (化学变化看不出原材料用be made from) 6. be encouraged (情态动词should后接be + done) 7. was built (hundreds of years ago提示一般过去时被动语态) 8. to stand (make sb. do变被动语态还原to，即be made to do) 9. to (give sth. to sb. 的被动语态Sth. is given to sb.) 10. smells (感官系动词用主动形式表达被动意义，主语单数填smells) 二、按要求改写句子 11. was invented (主动变被动，过去时单数用was invented) 12. are produced (主语cars为复数，一般现在时被动语态用are produced) 13. was given to (给某人物品变被动，人前加介词to) 14. must be protected (情态动词被动语态：must + be + done) 15. was seen to (see sb. do变被动还原不定式to) 三、单句改错 16. spread的过去分词形式仍是spread，无 spreaded（原句形式正确）或原句中检查主谓一致 17. 将 is made of 改为 is made from (纸张由木头经过化学质变制成，看不出原料用from) 18. 将 is sold 改为 sells (sell well用主动形式表达被动含义) 19. 将 was looked 改为 was looked after (动词短语被动语态不可漏掉介词after) 20. 将 be repair 改为 be repaired (情态动词被动语态需用过去分词repaired) 四、语篇语法填空 1. were created　2. is made　3. was recorded　4. run　5. are sold　6. was developed　7. be imagined　8. made　9. be encouraged　10. are put 【解析】 1. four great inventions 与 create 是被动关系，用一般过去时被动语态。 2. 陈述客观事实，Paper 不可数，用 is made；看不出原材料用 be made from。 3. knowledge 与 record 是被动关系，主句为过去时，用 was recorded。 4. 高铁运行是主动行为，且为客观事实，用一般现在时主动语态。 5. 新能源汽车与 sell 是被动关系，主语为复数。 6. which 引导的定语从句中，the plane 与 develop 是被动关系，用 was developed。 7. could 后接 be + 过去分词，表被动。 8. made in China 为过去分词短语作后置定语。 9. must 后接 be + 过去分词。 10. when 引导的时间状语从句中，主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时被动语态。 Unit 6 Beyond Earth · 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. will be set (in the coming three years提示一般将来时被动语态，set过去分词仍为set) 2. will be analyzed (next month提示一般将来时被动语态) 3. will be launched (主将从现，主句用一般将来时被动语态) 4. beyond (beyond description 无法形容固定搭配) 5. be bought (will be done将来时被动语态，buy变为bought) 6. Will; be received (将来时被动语态一般疑问句提前Will，be留在主语后) 7. will not be allowed (将来时被动语态否定式 will not be done) 8. be explained (cannot后接be + 过去分词) 9. be discovered (will be discovered将来时被动语态) 10. is completed (as soon as引导时间状语从句，主将从现，从句用一般现在时被动语态) 二、按要求改写句子 11. will be tested (主动变被动，将来时用will be tested) 12. Is; going to be repaired (be going to被动语态一般疑问句形式) 13. will be sent to (给某人物品变被动，人前加介词to) 14. will be held (hold改为被动语态will be held) 15. cannot be solved (情态动词cannot后接be solved) 三、单句改错 16. 将 will built 改为 will be built (一般将来时被动语态不能遗漏be) 17. 将 will be damaged 改为 is damaged (条件状语从句中主将从现) 18. 将 over 改为 beyond (beyond imagination 超出想象固定搭配) 19. 将 Will be the space lecture 改为 Will the space lecture be (一般疑问句只把will提前，be留在主语后) 20. 将 There will be held an... 改为 An international conference... will be held 或 There will be an... (避免there be与被动动词生硬拼凑) 四、语篇语法填空 1. was announced　2. was praised　3. will be carried　4. will be built　5. have been conducted　6. are developed　7. beyond　8. be dealt　9. be cleaned　10. are combined 【解析】 1. news 与 announce 是被动关系，In June 2024 提示一般过去时。 2. achievement 与 praise 是被动关系，用一般过去时被动语态。 3. in the coming years 提示一般将来时被动语态。 4. 同上，研究站将被建造，用 will be built。 5. since 2022 提示现在完成时被动语态，主语为复数。 6. if 条件状语从句遵循主将从现，用一般现在时被动语态。 7. beyond 表示超出……的范围。 8. must 后接 be + 过去分词，deal with 的过去分词为 dealt。 9. 同上，用 be cleaned。 10. when 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时被动语态。 Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm · 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. who (先行词为musician指人，在从句中作主语，用who) 2. that (先行词被最高级the sweetest修饰，关系代词只能用that) 3. whose (表示“……的”，作songs的定语，用whose) 4. which (从句缺少主语was constructed，先行词是物，用which/that，不可用where) 5. when (从句主谓宾完整，先行词the festival表示时间，从句缺时间状语，用when) 6. that (先行词既包含人musicians又包含物instruments，只能用that) 7. inspire (one of + 复数名词 + who，从句谓语动词用复数inspire) 8. has (the only one of + 复数名词 + who，从句谓语动词用单数has) 9. which (介词about提前，指物只能用which，不可用that) 10. whom (介词with提前，指人只能用whom) 二、按要求改写句子 11. (that / which) you recommended (先行词the song在从句中作recommended的宾语，可省略) 12. whose works (whose代替his作定语) 13. where (studio为地点先行词，在从句中充当地点状语，用where) 14. who / that is playing (先行词The girl在从句中作主语，用who/that，且不可省) 15. that happened (先行词被All修饰，关系代词只能用that) 三、单句改错 16. 去掉 him (whom已经在从句中充当talked to的宾语，不可再出现him重复代词) 17. 将 which 改为 that (先行词被最高级the best修饰，只能用that) 18. 将 who's 改为 whose (whose修饰lyrics表示“其歌词”，who's为who is缩写) 19. 将 where 改为 which / that (从句缺少主语was decorated，应用关系代词which/that) 20. 将 about that 改为 about which (介词提前时指物只能用which，不可用that) 四、语篇语法填空 1. that / which　2. became　3. was praised　4. whose　5. that / which　6. who / that　7. where　8. when　9. that / which　10. that / which 【解析】 1. 先行词 language 指物，在从句中作主语，用 that 或 which。 2. In 2025 提示一般过去时。 3. the music 与 praise 是被动关系，用一般过去时被动语态。 4. 表示所属关系，用 whose 作定语。 5. 先行词 instruments 指物，在从句中作主语。 6. 先行词 young people 指人，在从句中作主语。 7. 先行词 a music school 是地点，在从句中作地点状语，用 where。 8. 先行词 the evening 是时间，在从句中作时间状语，用 when。 9. 先行词 a moment 指物，在从句中作主语。 10. 先行词 a bridge 指物，在从句中作主语。 Unit 8 More than a Game · 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. are (neither... nor... 就近原则，靠近谓语的是复数名词the team members) 2. trains / is training (along with 遵循就远原则，真正主语是The captain单数) 3. have come / come (a number of 意为许多，后跟复数名词，谓语用复数) 4. has increased / is increasing (the number of 意为……的数量，谓语动词用单数) 5. receives (复合不定代词Everyone作主语，谓语动词用单数receives) 6. is (时间词Two hours作主语被视为整体单数) 7. is covered (three quarters of the playground，of后为单数名词playground，谓语用单数) 8. are (team强调全体队员在庆祝，谓语动词用复数are) 9. has (not only... but also... 遵循就近原则，the young runner为单数) 10. is (The teacher and football coach 前仅有一个冠词the，指身兼两职的同一人，谓语用单数) 二、按要求改写句子 11. are ready (neither... nor... 就近原则，靠近的是复数players) 12. is practicing (as well as 就远原则，真正主语是单数The physical education teacher) 13. is fifty (The number of... 结构谓语动词用单数is) 14. have passed (Each of用单数，All of the athletes用复数have passed) 15. How long is (对时间/距离段提问用How long，谓语保持单数is) 三、单句改错 16. 将 are 改为 is (either... or... 就近原则，靠近的是单数your deskmate) 17. 将 were 改为 was (together with 就远原则，真正主语是单数The headmaster) 18. 将 are 改为 is (Three weeks 作为一段假期时间被看作整体单数) 19. 将 are 改为 is (sixty percent of the water，of后water为不可数名词，谓语用单数) 20. 将 are 改为 is (there be 句型就近原则，离be最近的是单数a volleyball) 四、语篇语法填空 1. won　2. was　3. defines　4. have been set　5. has grown　6. was　7. tried　8. passed　9. was　10. lies 【解析】 1. At the 2024 Paris Olympic Games 提示一般过去时。 2. every one of them 作主语视为单数，用 was。 3. neither ... nor ... 连接主语时遵循就近原则，the failure 为单数。 4. a number of 意为许多，后接复数名词，谓语用复数；in recent years 提示现在完成时。 5. the number of 意为……的数量，谓语用单数；由 steadily 可知强调持续增长，用现在完成时。 6. not only ... but also ... 遵循就近原则，the audience 强调整体，用 was。 7. Each of the runners 作主语，谓语用单数；叙述过去的事用一般过去时。 8. Two hours 被视为整体，谓语用单数，叙述过去用一般过去时。 9. as well as 遵循就远原则，真正主语是单数 our coach。 10. ninety percent of the value，value 为不可数概念，谓语用第三人称单数。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $