精品解析：福建省厦门双十中学2026-2027学年上学期10月份适应性练习高一英语试题

厦门双十中学2026-2027学年10月份适应性练习 高一 英语 （共8页，满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第1节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living. 3. Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home 4. What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball. 5. What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday. 第2节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What is Sara going to do? A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France. 7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan? A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter? A. She has to give up her travel plan. B. She wants to visit another city. C. She needs to put off her test. 9. What does Diana want Peter to do? A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend. C. Teach a geography lesson. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the man call the woman? A. To tell her about her new job. B. To ask about her job program. C. To plan a meeting with her. 11. Who needs a new flat? A. Alex. B. Andrea. C. Miranda. 12. Where is the woman now? A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant? A. Where the restaurant is. B. Whether the prices are low. C. How well the food is prepared. 14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine? A. After he came back to Sweden. B. Before he went to the United States. C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982. 15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant? A. Talk to people in the street. B. Speak to taxi drivers. C. Ask hotel clerks. 16. What do we know about Jan? A. He cooks for a restaurant. B. He travels a lot of his work. C. He prefers American food. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题 17. What do we know about the Plaza Lcon? A. It’s a new building. B. It’s a small town. C. It’s a public place. 18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Lcon? A. Saturday nights. B. Sunday afternoons. C. Fridays and Saturdays. 19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets? A. Via dei Mar Street B. Fernando Street. C. Hemandes Street 20. Why does the speaker like Horation Street best ? A. It has an old stone surface. B. It is named after a writer. C. It has a famous university. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第1节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项． A The greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbons The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — Batteries Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — Electricity Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogen fuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammonia Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%. 2. Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A. Planes. B. Trucks. C. Trains. D. Ships. 3. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A. Limiting fuel consumption. B. Putting more effort into renewables. C. Improving energy efficiency. D. Making electricity more affordable. B Franz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax for the frozen sea inside us”. I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn’t seem to require any explanation. We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is I’ve read it many times.” But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel’s terrible logic —the giving way of dreams to fate. For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school-one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan’s upper classes into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph.D.’s. Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness.” I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck’s writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes. Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them. 4. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to ________. A. awake our emotions B. give support to our life C. smooth away difficulties D. realize our dreams 5. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men? A. Because they spent much time reading it. B. Because they had read the novel before. C. Because they came from a public school. D. Because they had similar life experiences. 6. The girl left the selective high school possibly because ________. A. she was a literary-minded girl B. her parents were immigrants C. she couldn’t fit in with her class D. her father was then in prison 7. The author writes the passage mainly to________. A. introduce classic works of literature B. advocate teaching literature to touch the heart C. argue for equality among high school students D. defend the current testing system C The newest group of Generation Z (people born between 1997 and 2012) are filling out their college application forms and thinking about their choices. It may be worth thinking about two things. One is how the purpose and value of a degree have changed. The other is what they need to consider when they start their education in college or university. Millennials (born between 1981 and 1996) were told that if they did well at school and got a good degree, they’d be set up for life. But this promise doesn’t seem to have come true. As degrees became common, they got less valuable. Education was no longer a safe way to move up in society. Today, 28% of UK graduates (大学毕业生) are in non-graduate roles. That’s twice the average across OECD (经济合作与发展组织) countries. This doesn’t mean it’s useless to get a degree. It’s to emphasize three things: a degree isn’t for everyone; moving from high school classrooms to college lecture halls isn’t something you have to do; and there are other choices. Thankfully, there are signs that this is already happening, with Generation Z seeking to learn from their millennial elders, even if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset. Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates. Many too are seeing the advantages of removing a degree requirement for certain roles. If a degree is what you want to pursue, think about it — this one might not be the only one you’ll get. In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates (研究生) now earn 40% more than graduates. When more and more of us have a degree, it makes sense to have two. It is unlikely that Generation Z will be done with education at 18 or 21. They will need to be constantly learning new skills throughout their career to stay employable. It has been estimated that this generation, due to the pressures of technology, the wish for personal fulfillment, and the desire for diversity will work for 17 different employers over the course of their working life and have five different careers. Education, and not just knowledge gained on campus, will be a core part of Generation Z’s career path. Older generations often talk about their degree in the present and personal tense: “I am a geographer” or “I am a pianist”. Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing; it’s as if they already know that their degree won’t define them in the same way. 8. What does the percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect? A. Millennials’ opinions about work. B. The decreasing value of a degree. C. Public dissatisfaction with education. D. The desired route of social mobility. 9. The author considers it a good sign that ________. A. Generation Z are seeking to earn a decent degree B. School leavers are willing to be skilled workers C. Employers are taking a realistic attitude to degrees D. Parents are changing their minds about education 10. It is advised in Paragraph 5 that those with one degree should ________. A. Make an early decision on their career B. Attend on-the-job training programs C. Team up with highly-paid postgraduates D. Further their studies in a specific field 11. What can be concluded about Generation Z from the last two paragraphs? A. They will become qualified educators. B. Degrees will no longer appeal to them. C. They will have a limited choice of career paths. D. Lifelong learning will be a crucial part of their life. D After Alexander Pushkin was shot in a duel (决斗) in 1837, crowds of fans formed in Saint Petersburg. When the vehicle carrying the much loved poet’s body reached Pskov province, where he was to be buried, admirers tried to pull the vehicle themselves. Today’s celebrity funerals (葬礼) tend to involve the public largely digitally rather than in person. But people are passionate all the same. In 2023, grief (悲痛) coursed around the Internet for Milan Kundera and Michael Gambon. If you stop to think about it, such expressions of strong feelings for writers and actors might seem odd, even illogical. Unlike other kinds of grief, this one is not rooted in personal closeness. If you ever interacted with a beloved author, it was probably during a book tour when she signed your copy of her novel. Maybe you once locked eyes with a musician during a live concert and he smiled at you, but actually he did not even know you. Objectively, sorrow makes sense when a star dies young or violently. Had he not died at 37, who knows what Pushkin would have added to his already impressive collections of work? The death of a long-lived and fulfilled artist, however, is far from the saddest item in an average day’s headlines. And while most ordinary people are forgotten, these celebrities live on in their output. Why, then, are these losses felt so widely and keenly? One interpretation is that departed celebrities are merely the messengers. Part of your past — the years in which the musician was the soundtrack, the writer your friend — can seem to fade (逐渐消逝) away with them. The grief can be seen as a form of gratitude for the harmony and joy they supplied. More importantly, the passing of an artist is an occasion for exchanges of ideas. In societies that overemphasize individuality, a beloved figure’s death is a chance to share positive feelings and memories with fellow admirers. These sad occasions, though seemingly illogical, are the parting gifts of these artists. 12. Why did people try to pull the vehicle that carried Pushkin’s body? A. Because they lived in Pskov province. B. Because they loved the poet very much. C. Because they felt angry about the poet’s death. D. Because they wanted to bury the poet themselves. 13. Why does the author mention Milan Kundera and Michael Gambon in paragraph 2? A. To show that people still feel strongly about celebrities’ funerals nowadays. B. To explain why digital funerals cause less public grief than traditional ones. C. To illustrate why people express their sadness at the loss of those celebrities. D. To prove that people’s grief over celebrities’ death is laughable and comical. 14. What can we learn from the passage? A. People attend celebrities’ funerals mainly to express their loyalty. B. It’s natural that people feel sad when a celebrity dies at a very old age. C. People won’t feel sad for celebrities unless they are personally connected. D. The grief people feel for celebrities is partly an expression of thankfulness. 15. What’s the author’s attitude towards public grief for the celebrities? A. Neutral. B. Supportive. C. Skeptical. D. Concerned. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Culture shock isn't a clinical term or medical condition. It's simply a common way to describe the confusing and nervous feelings a person may have after leaving a familiar culture to live in a new and different culture. _____16_____ That can be exciting, but it can also be overwhelming (不可抗拒的). Everyone feels the pressure to fit in at one time or another — whether they've lived in the area for days or years. _____17_____ All of your experiences before you came to your new home are part of you, and what makes you special. Here are a few tips for making sure your new culture doesn't overpower the old: Educate people about your culture. Just because you're the one entering the new culture doesn't mean you should be the one doing all the learning. Take the opportunity to teach classmates and new friends about your culture; they may know little about it. ______18______Invite them over for traditional dishes from your culture. Find a support group. Find kids in your class or neighborhood who recently moved, too. You can share experiences. Keep in touch with home. You probably left behind good friends and family when you moved. If it's going to be a long time until your next visit, keep in touch. You've not only left behind people, but also other things — like your favorite spot to hang out. _____19_____ Remember, the key to getting over your culture shock is understanding the new culture and finding a way to live comfortably within it while keeping true to the parts of your culture that you value. ____20____ Try not to force yourself to change too fast or to change too many things all at once. You will have your own pace of adjusting. Everyone goes through changes in their life, and it may seem that you are going through more changes than the average person — but as long as you hold on to what's important to you and find a good combination between old and new, you'll be fine. A. It's important to be yourself. B. Keep pictures around to remind you of home. C. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary. D. It will also help them to learn more about you in the process. E. When you move to a new place, you're bound to face a lot of changes. F. Making friends who aren't new to the culture may help you understand the culture better. G. But don't feel like you need to change everything about yourself so you can stand out less. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分55分） 第1节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 21. Poetry written from the angle of the city youth tends to show their ______ (anxious) over a lack of sense of belonging. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22. After several years’ waiting, the day they had looked forward to ______ (come) finally. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23. Since his childhood, Jackson has displayed a strong ______ (prefer) for architecture, rather than medicine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24. Zhong Wen's father was ______ (extreme) proud of him since he followed his footsteps and became a doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25. Her clothing was an expression of her ________ (adventure) personality. （所给词的适当形式填空） 26. The old craftsman, who has devoted nearly fifty years to paper-cutting, is recognized __________ one of the most outstanding inheritors of this traditional folk art. (用适当的词填空) 27. The Mandarin (普通话) program now includes 75 schools across the country, with more than 5000 pupils taught Mandarin toward __________ (fluent). (所给词的适当形式填空) 28. The team is working hard day and night so that they can find the best solution ______the problem, which has been long puzzling the medical community. (用适当的词填空) 29. It has been______(official) announced that Trump, president of the USA, has been tested positive for COVID-19, which came as breaking news on the second day of our national holiday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30. To eat a xiao long bao, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, __________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. (用适当的词填空) 第2节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 完形填空(共20小题； 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该将涂黑。 It was the night of the full moon,a time which always drives Java’s young people mad with excitement. Fireworks were lit long before the moon___31___The big noise brought people out___32___the warm night to enjoy the interesting scene.Everywhere,there were the paper remains of___33___fireworks lying on the ground.Little boys___34___more and covered their ears as they waited___35___for the explosions. The moon appeared above the horizon(地平线)：huge,___36___ball high above the city,and the___37___filled with people,as Java began to enjoy one of the year’s greatest___38___：‘the Night of the Full Moon’,a festival(节日)that is especially popular___39___young people. More and more young Javanese___40___together and walked slowly through the___41___Joking and chatting,they moved towards the mountain_____42_____the city.They continued to climb_____43_____they reached the old temple(寺庙)at the____44____of the mountain. After they were_____45_____the temple, they drank their water and ate their moon-cakes—delicious home-made ones,_____46_____of dried fruit and nuts. Outside, on the mountain, young people_____47_____cross-legged in circles, chatting and telling each other jokes. And_____48_____,in their hundreds, more young people continued to make their way up the mountain to_____49_____the brightly shining moon. By midnight, the fireworks had stopped shooting up from the_____50_____city in the valley below them. But during the night, the sound continued to be heard from the distance. 31. A. let out B. gave out C. came out D. set out 32. A. into B. at C. of D. from 33. A. burning B. used C. exploding D. broken 34. A. lit B. bought C. piled D. removed 35. A. patiently B. calmly C. worriedly D. excitedly 36. A. silver B. new C. colorful D. gold 37. A. mountains B. valleys C. streets D. shops 38. A. games B. meetings C. sports D. events 39. A. for B. to C. with D. in 40. A. danced B. gathered C. drank D. shouted 41. A. village B. scene C. night D. ground 12. 42. A. on the edge of B. on the way to C. in the center of D. in the direction of 43. A. while B. until C. unless D. though 44. A. tip B. back C. top D. bottom 45. A. inside B. near C. off D. across 46. A. fond B. little C. full D. free 47. A. jumped B. sat C. stood D. bent 48. A. so B. even C. yet D. still 49. A. follow B. show C. notice D. admire 50. A. clean B. gray C. peaceful D. empty 第3节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be ____51____ (responsibility) for housework, but with one of the following suggestions, you really can get your children ____52____ (help) at home. If you give your children the impression that they cannot do anything quite right, then they ____53____ (regard) themselves as unfit or unable persons. ____54____ the children believe that they can succeed, they will never become ____55____ (total) independent. My daughter Carla’s fifth-grade teacher made every child in her class special. When students received ____56____ (little) than a perfect test score, she would point out that actually there were many things ____57____ they had mastered and declare firmly they could learn what they had missed. You can use the same technique when you evaluate ____58____ (you) child’s work at home. Don’t always scold but give lots of praise instead. Talk about what he has done right, not about what he hasn’t. If a difficult task has been done right by your child, promise him ____59____ Sunday trip or a ball game with Dad. Learning is a process of trying and failing and trying and succeeding. If you teach your children not to fear a mistake or failure, they will learn faster and achieve ____60____ (successful) at last. 第四部分 翻译和写作（共两节，满分25分） 第1节 翻译句子（每空1分，共10分） 61. 我一直想成为一个啦啦队员，昨天，我去啦啦队试训了 I've wanted to be a cheerleader. I ______ ______ ______ the team yesterday. 62. 但是，花太多时间上网是不健康的，而且就很难专注于生活中的其他事情。 But ________ too much time online is unhealthy and makes ________ difficult to ________ ________ other things in life. 63. 这里有一些方法让你能给老师同学留下一个好印象。 Here are some ways for you to ________ a good ________ ________ your classmates and teachers. 第2节 书面表达（满分15分） 64. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Simon刚刚转学，感到一切都很陌生。他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境。请给他回信，内容包括： 1.对他所处情况的理解；2.建议；3.你的期望。 注意：1.词数120左右； 2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯； Dear Simon, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 厦门双十中学2026-2027学年10月份适应性练习 高一 英语 （共8页，满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第1节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living. 3. Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home 4. What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball. 5. What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday. 第2节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What is Sara going to do? A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France. 7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan? A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter? A. She has to give up her travel plan. B. She wants to visit another city. C. She needs to put off her test. 9. What does Diana want Peter to do? A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend. C. Teach a geography lesson. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the man call the woman? A. To tell her about her new job. B. To ask about her job program. C. To plan a meeting with her. 11. Who needs a new flat? A. Alex. B. Andrea. C. Miranda. 12. Where is the woman now? A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant? A. Where the restaurant is. B. Whether the prices are low. C. How well the food is prepared. 14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine? A. After he came back to Sweden. B. Before he went to the United States. C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982. 15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant? A. Talk to people in the street. B. Speak to taxi drivers. C. Ask hotel clerks. 16. What do we know about Jan? A. He cooks for a restaurant. B. He travels a lot of his work. C. He prefers American food. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题 17. What do we know about the Plaza Lcon? A. It’s a new building. B. It’s a small town. C. It’s a public place. 18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Lcon? A. Saturday nights. B. Sunday afternoons. C. Fridays and Saturdays. 19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets? A. Via dei Mar Street B. Fernando Street. C. Hemandes Street 20. Why does the speaker like Horation Street best ? A. It has an old stone surface. B. It is named after a writer. C. It has a famous university. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第1节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项． A The greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbons The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — Batteries Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. TRAINS — Electricity Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogen fuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammonia Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign. This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%. 2. Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A. Planes. B. Trucks. C. Trains. D. Ships. 3. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A. Limiting fuel consumption. B. Putting more effort into renewables. C. Improving energy efficiency. D. Making electricity more affordable. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1% (道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4% (道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS — Electricity部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. (一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We need to speed up the development of green energy and it will all get used,” says Wipke. (Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B项。 B Franz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax for the frozen sea inside us”. I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn’t seem to require any explanation. We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is I’ve read it many times.” But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel’s terrible logic —the giving way of dreams to fate. For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school-one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan’s upper classes into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph.D.’s. Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness.” I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck’s writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes. Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them. 4. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to ________. A. awake our emotions B. give support to our life C. smooth away difficulties D. realize our dreams 5. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men? A. Because they spent much time reading it. B. Because they had read the novel before. C. Because they came from a public school. D. Because they had similar life experiences. 6. The girl left the selective high school possibly because ________. A. she was a literary-minded girl B. her parents were immigrants C. she couldn’t fit in with her class D. her father was then in prison 7. The author writes the passage mainly to________. A. introduce classic works of literature B. advocate teaching literature to touch the heart C. argue for equality among high school students D. defend the current testing system 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的教书经历指出文学教学一定要触及心灵，不能只停留于文字表面。 【4题详解】 词意猜测题。根据第六段最后两句“His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.”（他的历史观在扩大，他对自己国家的认识在加深。年复一年，以前的学生来拜访我，告诉我，因为我教给他们的这些课程，他们在大学的第一年就知道如何做好准备了。）及最后一段第二句“We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch but for text complexity.”（我们试图教学生阅读越来越复杂的文本，不是为了情感冲击，而是为了文本的复杂性。）并结合上文作者教书的经历可知，作者认为教文学作品不能只停留于文字表面，一定要触及心灵，才能给学生带来长远的影响。结合划线句的字面意思“一本书必须是一把斧子，打开我们内心冰封的大海”可知，该句运用了明喻和暗喻的写作手法，将书比作斧子，冰冻的大海意指读者封锁的情感。由此猜测，划线句子旨在表明一本好书应有助于唤醒读者的情感。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel’s terrible logic -- the giving way of dreams to fate.”(但是他们理解。当乔治射杀伦尼时，悲剧就发生了，我们意识到这总是会发生的。我在纽约市一所公立中学教书14年，教过那些父母被监禁、父母虐待、父母不负责任的孩子、自己为人父母的孩子、无家可归的孩子、在暴力社区长大的孩子。他们比我更了解这部小说的可怕逻辑——让梦想屈服于命运。)可知，学生能够理解《人鼠之间》这部小说是因为他们有相似的生活经历。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates.”(作为移民的女儿，她的父亲在监狱里，她可能觉得和新同学在一起不舒服。)可知，这个女孩离开了那所重点高中，可能是因为她和班上的人合不来。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段后三句“Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.”(然而，我们不能通过考试来丰富学生的思想，忽视他们的内心。我们正在教导他们，语言并不会使人惊奇，反而会使人困惑。我们也许能成功地提高学生的考试成绩，但我们却无法教会他们阅读可以改变世界，阅读是属于他们的。)并纵观全文，文章开头引用Franz Kafka的名言说明文学作品对唤醒学生情感的作用，接着详细介绍在平时教学生文学阅读过程中如何触及学生心灵。可推知作者写这篇文章主要是为了倡导文学教学要触动人心。故选B项。 C The newest group of Generation Z (people born between 1997 and 2012) are filling out their college application forms and thinking about their choices. It may be worth thinking about two things. One is how the purpose and value of a degree have changed. The other is what they need to consider when they start their education in college or university. Millennials (born between 1981 and 1996) were told that if they did well at school and got a good degree, they’d be set up for life. But this promise doesn’t seem to have come true. As degrees became common, they got less valuable. Education was no longer a safe way to move up in society. Today, 28% of UK graduates (大学毕业生) are in non-graduate roles. That’s twice the average across OECD (经济合作与发展组织) countries. This doesn’t mean it’s useless to get a degree. It’s to emphasize three things: a degree isn’t for everyone; moving from high school classrooms to college lecture halls isn’t something you have to do; and there are other choices. Thankfully, there are signs that this is already happening, with Generation Z seeking to learn from their millennial elders, even if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset. Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates. Many too are seeing the advantages of removing a degree requirement for certain roles. If a degree is what you want to pursue, think about it — this one might not be the only one you’ll get. In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates (研究生) now earn 40% more than graduates. When more and more of us have a degree, it makes sense to have two. It is unlikely that Generation Z will be done with education at 18 or 21. They will need to be constantly learning new skills throughout their career to stay employable. It has been estimated that this generation, due to the pressures of technology, the wish for personal fulfillment, and the desire for diversity will work for 17 different employers over the course of their working life and have five different careers. Education, and not just knowledge gained on campus, will be a core part of Generation Z’s career path. Older generations often talk about their degree in the present and personal tense: “I am a geographer” or “I am a pianist”. Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing; it’s as if they already know that their degree won’t define them in the same way. 8. What does the percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect? A. Millennials’ opinions about work. B. The decreasing value of a degree. C. Public dissatisfaction with education. D. The desired route of social mobility. 9. The author considers it a good sign that ________. A. Generation Z are seeking to earn a decent degree B. School leavers are willing to be skilled workers C. Employers are taking a realistic attitude to degrees D. Parents are changing their minds about education 10. It is advised in Paragraph 5 that those with one degree should ________. A. Make an early decision on their career B. Attend on-the-job training programs C. Team up with highly-paid postgraduates D. Further their studies in a specific field 11. What can be concluded about Generation Z from the last two paragraphs? A. They will become qualified educators. B. Degrees will no longer appeal to them. C. They will have a limited choice of career paths. D. Lifelong learning will be a crucial part of their life. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。探讨了Z世代在教育选择上的转变，分析了大学学位价值的变化及Z世代需终身学习的趋势。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“As degrees became common, they got less valuable. (随着学位变得普遍，其价值在降低)”以及“Today, 28% of UK graduates (大学毕业生) are in non-graduate roles. (如今，28%的英国大学毕业生从事非毕业生岗位)”可知，这一数据反映了学位价值的下降。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers (雇主早就意识到雇佣辍学者的优势)”以及“Many too are seeing the advantages of removing a degree requirement for certain roles. (许多雇主也看到了取消某些岗位学位要求的好处)”可知，作者认为雇主对学位持理性态度是一个好迹象。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates (研究生) now earn 40% more than graduates. (在通才时代，拥有特定知识或技能是有益的。研究生的收入比本科生高40%)”可知，有学位的人应在特定领域继续深造。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“They will need to be constantly learning new skills throughout their career to stay employable. (他们需要在整个职业生涯中持续学习新技能以保持就业能力)”以及“Education, and not just knowledge gained on campus, will be a core part of Generation Z’s career path. (教育，而不仅仅是在校园里获得的知识，将成为Z一代职业道路的核心部分)”可知，终身学习将是Z世代生活的关键部分。故选D。 D After Alexander Pushkin was shot in a duel (决斗) in 1837, crowds of fans formed in Saint Petersburg. When the vehicle carrying the much loved poet’s body reached Pskov province, where he was to be buried, admirers tried to pull the vehicle themselves. Today’s celebrity funerals (葬礼) tend to involve the public largely digitally rather than in person. But people are passionate all the same. In 2023, grief (悲痛) coursed around the Internet for Milan Kundera and Michael Gambon. If you stop to think about it, such expressions of strong feelings for writers and actors might seem odd, even illogical. Unlike other kinds of grief, this one is not rooted in personal closeness. If you ever interacted with a beloved author, it was probably during a book tour when she signed your copy of her novel. Maybe you once locked eyes with a musician during a live concert and he smiled at you, but actually he did not even know you. Objectively, sorrow makes sense when a star dies young or violently. Had he not died at 37, who knows what Pushkin would have added to his already impressive collections of work? The death of a long-lived and fulfilled artist, however, is far from the saddest item in an average day’s headlines. And while most ordinary people are forgotten, these celebrities live on in their output. Why, then, are these losses felt so widely and keenly? One interpretation is that departed celebrities are merely the messengers. Part of your past — the years in which the musician was the soundtrack, the writer your friend — can seem to fade (逐渐消逝) away with them. The grief can be seen as a form of gratitude for the harmony and joy they supplied. More importantly, the passing of an artist is an occasion for exchanges of ideas. In societies that overemphasize individuality, a beloved figure’s death is a chance to share positive feelings and memories with fellow admirers. These sad occasions, though seemingly illogical, are the parting gifts of these artists. 12. Why did people try to pull the vehicle that carried Pushkin’s body? A. Because they lived in Pskov province. B. Because they loved the poet very much. C. Because they felt angry about the poet’s death. D. Because they wanted to bury the poet themselves. 13. Why does the author mention Milan Kundera and Michael Gambon in paragraph 2? A. To show that people still feel strongly about celebrities’ funerals nowadays. B. To explain why digital funerals cause less public grief than traditional ones. C. To illustrate why people express their sadness at the loss of those celebrities. D. To prove that people’s grief over celebrities’ death is laughable and comical. 14. What can we learn from the passage? A. People attend celebrities’ funerals mainly to express their loyalty. B. It’s natural that people feel sad when a celebrity dies at a very old age. C. People won’t feel sad for celebrities unless they are personally connected. D. The grief people feel for celebrities is partly an expression of thankfulness. 15. What’s the author’s attitude towards public grief for the celebrities? A. Neutral. B. Supportive. C. Skeptical. D. Concerned. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们对于名人的离世感到悲痛的原因及这种悲痛的意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“After Alexander Pushkin was shot in a duel (决斗) in 1837, crowds of fans formed in Saint Petersburg. When the vehicle carrying the much loved poet’s body reached Pskov province, where he was to be buried, admirers tried to pull the vehicle themselves.(1837年，Alexander Pushkin在一场决斗中中弹身亡后，圣彼得堡聚集起大批拥趸。当载着这位深受爱戴的诗人遗体的马车行至他的安葬之地 —— 普斯科夫省时，崇拜者们甚至试图亲自牵引马车前行。)”可知，人们试图拉车是因为他们非常爱这位诗人。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Today’s celebrity funerals (葬礼) tend to involve the public largely digitally rather than in person. But people are passionate all the same. In 2023, grief (悲痛) coursed around the Internet for Milan Kundera and Michael Gambon.(如今的名人葬礼，公众参与方式大多已从线下亲临转为线上参与，但人们的热忱丝毫未减。2023年，Milan Kundera与Michael Gambon离世的消息传开，全网都弥漫着哀悼的情绪。)”可知，作者提到二人是为了表明如今人们对于名人的葬礼仍然有强烈的情感。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The grief can be seen as a form of gratitude for the harmony and joy they supplied.(这种悲痛可以被看作是对他们所带来的和谐与欢乐的一种感激之情。)”可知，人们对名人的悲痛部分是一种感激的表达。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“More importantly, the passing of an artist is an occasion for exchanges of ideas. In societies that overemphasize individuality, a beloved figure’s death is a chance to share positive feelings and memories with fellow admirers. These sad occasions, though seemingly illogical, are the parting gifts of these artists.(更重要的是，一位艺术家的陨落，为人们提供了交流思想的契机。在这个过度强调个人主义的社会中，一位受人爱戴的人物离世，恰恰为一众仰慕者搭建了分享正面情感与珍贵回忆的平台。这些看似不合逻辑的伤感时刻，正是这些艺术家留给世人的最后馈赠。)”可知，作者认为公众对名人的悲痛是有意义的，是交流想法的契机，由此可推知作者对此持支持的态度。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Culture shock isn't a clinical term or medical condition. It's simply a common way to describe the confusing and nervous feelings a person may have after leaving a familiar culture to live in a new and different culture. _____16_____ That can be exciting, but it can also be overwhelming (不可抗拒的). Everyone feels the pressure to fit in at one time or another — whether they've lived in the area for days or years. _____17_____ All of your experiences before you came to your new home are part of you, and what makes you special. Here are a few tips for making sure your new culture doesn't overpower the old: Educate people about your culture. Just because you're the one entering the new culture doesn't mean you should be the one doing all the learning. Take the opportunity to teach classmates and new friends about your culture; they may know little about it. ______18______Invite them over for traditional dishes from your culture. Find a support group. Find kids in your class or neighborhood who recently moved, too. You can share experiences. Keep in touch with home. You probably left behind good friends and family when you moved. If it's going to be a long time until your next visit, keep in touch. You've not only left behind people, but also other things — like your favorite spot to hang out. _____19_____ Remember, the key to getting over your culture shock is understanding the new culture and finding a way to live comfortably within it while keeping true to the parts of your culture that you value. ____20____ Try not to force yourself to change too fast or to change too many things all at once. You will have your own pace of adjusting. Everyone goes through changes in their life, and it may seem that you are going through more changes than the average person — but as long as you hold on to what's important to you and find a good combination between old and new, you'll be fine. A. It's important to be yourself. B. Keep pictures around to remind you of home. C. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary. D. It will also help them to learn more about you in the process. E. When you move to a new place, you're bound to face a lot of changes. F. Making friends who aren't new to the culture may help you understand the culture better. G. But don't feel like you need to change everything about yourself so you can stand out less. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. D 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。给出了一些应对文化冲击的建议，来确保你接受的新文化不会压倒你的旧文化。 【16题详解】 上句提到当一个人离开一个熟悉的文化环境去到一个新的、不同的文化环境中生活时，可能会产生一种困惑和紧张的感觉。E项：当你搬到一个新地方，你一定会面临很多变化。承接上句，继续介绍去新地方后的情况。E项中的When you move to a new place和上句中的to live in a new and different culture.意思一致，下句的That指代选项中的face a lot of changes，故选E。 【17题详解】 上句提到每个人都会在某个时候感受到融入新社区的压力。下句提到所有在你来到新家之前的经历都是你的一部分，是这些让你特别。针对上句人们为了减少压力适应新环境往往会做出改变，而下句说明了保持原样不需要改变，前后意思转折，空处应该是过渡句，G项：但不要觉得你需要改变自己的一切，这样你就不会那么突出。承上启下，故选G。 【18题详解】 本段建议让人们了解你的文化。下文介绍了让人们了解你的文化的必要性和具体做法，上句Take the opportunity to teach classmates and new friends about your culture.建议利用这个机会向同学和新朋友介绍你的文化。D项：这也会帮助他们在这个过程中更多地了解你。承接上句，说明了向同学和新朋友介绍你的文化的作用，其中的them指代上句的classmates and new friends，故选D。 【19题详解】 本段建议找一个支持小组。段中建议和家人朋友保持联系，B项：在身边放一些照片，让你想起自己的家。其中pictures对应上句的other things- like your favorite spot to hang out，故选B。 【20题详解】 本段要求概括小标题，段中建议不要强迫自己改变得太快，或者一次改变太多。坚持对你重要的东西，找到新旧事物的良好结合。A项：做你自己很重要。概括了本段内容，其中的to be yourself与本段中的you hold on to what's important to you意思一致，故选A。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分55分） 第1节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 21. Poetry written from the angle of the city youth tends to show their ______ (anxious) over a lack of sense of belonging. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】anxiety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：从城市青年的角度写诗，往往表现出他们对归属感缺失的焦虑。此处作show的宾语，由形容词性物主代词their修饰，用名词，anxious为形容词，其名词形式是anxiety，anxiety是不可数名词。故填anxiety。 22. After several years’ waiting, the day they had looked forward to ______ (come) finally. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】came 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：在几年的等待之后，他们期盼的那天终于来了。____ they had looked forward to 为定语从句，修饰主语 the day，关系代词which/that作to的宾语，故此处省略了。所以come是主句谓语动词。结合前文，时态用一般过去时，故填 came。 23. Since his childhood, Jackson has displayed a strong ______ (prefer) for architecture, rather than medicine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】preference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：从童年起，杰克逊就表现出对建筑的强烈偏好，而不是医学。分析句子结构可知，此句缺少宾语，前面有形容词“strong”修饰，且有不定冠词“a”，后面应用“prefer”的名词单数形式。故填preference。 24. Zhong Wen's father was ______ (extreme) proud of him since he followed his footsteps and became a doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】extremely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：钟文的父亲为他感到非常骄傲，因为他继承了父亲的事业，成为了一名医生。修饰后面形容词proud，应用副词extremely，作状语，表示“非常，极其”。故填extremely。 25. Her clothing was an expression of her ________ (adventure) personality. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】adventurous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她的穿着体现了她爱冒险的个性。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词personality，再结合句意“爱冒险的”是adventurous。故填adventurous。 26. The old craftsman, who has devoted nearly fifty years to paper-cutting, is recognized __________ one of the most outstanding inheritors of this traditional folk art. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位献身剪纸近五十年的老匠人，被公认为这项传统民间艺术最杰出的传承人之一。此空考查固定搭配be recognized as，表示“被认为是；被公认为”，所以应填as。 27. The Mandarin (普通话) program now includes 75 schools across the country, with more than 5000 pupils taught Mandarin toward __________ (fluent). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fluency 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个普通话项目如今覆盖全国75所学校，有5000多名学生学习普通话，力求达到流利的水平。介词toward后接名词，fluent的名词形式是fluency，表“流利”，为不可数名词。 28. The team is working hard day and night so that they can find the best solution ______the problem, which has been long puzzling the medical community. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意: 这个团队夜以继日地努力工作，以便找到解决这个长期困扰医学界的问题的最佳方法。solution 后加介词 to，表示“……的解决方法”。故填to。 29. It has been______(official) announced that Trump, president of the USA, has been tested positive for COVID-19, which came as breaking news on the second day of our national holiday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】officially 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：官方宣布，美国总统特朗普新冠病毒检测呈阳性，这在我国国庆假期第二天成为突发新闻。此处用副词修饰后面的announced，故形容词改副词。故填officially。 30. To eat a xiao long bao, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, __________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】or 【解析】 【详解】句意：吃小笼包时，你得决定是先咬一个小口，还是把整个包子放进嘴里，让热汤在舌尖迸发开来。分析句子结构可知，此空考查并列连词whether...or...，是固定搭配，表示“是……还是……”。 第2节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 完形填空(共20小题； 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该将涂黑。 It was the night of the full moon,a time which always drives Java’s young people mad with excitement. Fireworks were lit long before the moon___31___The big noise brought people out___32___the warm night to enjoy the interesting scene.Everywhere,there were the paper remains of___33___fireworks lying on the ground.Little boys___34___more and covered their ears as they waited___35___for the explosions. The moon appeared above the horizon(地平线)：huge,___36___ball high above the city,and the___37___filled with people,as Java began to enjoy one of the year’s greatest___38___：‘the Night of the Full Moon’,a festival(节日)that is especially popular___39___young people. More and more young Javanese___40___together and walked slowly through the___41___Joking and chatting,they moved towards the mountain_____42_____the city.They continued to climb_____43_____they reached the old temple(寺庙)at the____44____of the mountain. After they were_____45_____the temple, they drank their water and ate their moon-cakes—delicious home-made ones,_____46_____of dried fruit and nuts. Outside, on the mountain, young people_____47_____cross-legged in circles, chatting and telling each other jokes. And_____48_____,in their hundreds, more young people continued to make their way up the mountain to_____49_____the brightly shining moon. By midnight, the fireworks had stopped shooting up from the_____50_____city in the valley below them. But during the night, the sound continued to be heard from the distance. 31. A. let out B. gave out C. came out D. set out 32. A. into B. at C. of D. from 33. A. burning B. used C. exploding D. broken 34. A. lit B. bought C. piled D. removed 35. A. patiently B. calmly C. worriedly D. excitedly 36. A. silver B. new C. colorful D. gold 37. A. mountains B. valleys C. streets D. shops 38. A. games B. meetings C. sports D. events 39. A. for B. to C. with D. in 40. A. danced B. gathered C. drank D. shouted 41. A. village B. scene C. night D. ground 12. 42. A. on the edge of B. on the way to C. in the center of D. in the direction of 43. A. while B. until C. unless D. though 44. A. tip B. back C. top D. bottom 45. A. inside B. near C. off D. across 46. A. fond B. little C. full D. free 47. A. jumped B. sat C. stood D. bent 48. A. so B. even C. yet D. still 49. A. follow B. show C. notice D. admire 50. A. clean B. gray C. peaceful D. empty 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。月圆之夜是一个让爪哇的年轻人兴奋的发疯的时刻。文章讲述的是在the Nightof the Full Moon节,爪哇的年轻人登山赏月的故事。 【31题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：烟花在月亮出来之前很久就点燃了。A. let out放出,泄露；B. gave out分发,耗尽；C. came out出现；出版；D. set out出发，开始。根据上文“It was the night of the full moon”可知，这是个有月亮夜晚，因此推断此处指月亮“出现"。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：巨大的噪音把人们带进温暖的夜晚去享受有趣的景色。A.into意为“向内，到……里”，B.at意为“在”，用于表示时刻、年节、年龄。C.of意为“……的，属于……的”，表示所属关系。D. from意为“从，自”，表示时间。根据上文“Fireworks were lit”可知，爆竹声把人们吸引出来进入到温暖夜晚享受有趣的景色，表示进入，用into。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到处都是用过的烟花纸屑散落在地上。A. burning燃烧的；B. used用过的；C. exploding爆炸的；D. broken破碎的。根据“lying on the ground”可知,烟花已经燃放过。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小男孩们点燃了更多的烟花，捂住耳朵，兴奋地等待着爆炸。A.lit点燃；B. bought买；C. piled堆积；D. removed除掉；移除。根据“covered their ears”和“for the explosions.”可知,此处指" 点燃了"更多的烟花。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：小男孩们点燃了更多的蜡烛，捂住耳朵，兴奋地等待着爆炸。A.patiently耐心地；B. calmly镇静地；C. worriedly担心地；D. excitedly感到兴奋地。根据常识，小男孩放烟花是一件很兴奋的事。故选D。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：月亮出现在地平线上：巨大的银色圆球高高挂在城市上空，街道上挤满了人，爪哇人开始享受今年最伟大的活动之一"满月之夜"，这个节日特别受年轻人的欢迎。A. silver银色的；B. new新的；C. colorful多彩的；D. gold金的；金色的。根据常识可判断出当月亮升起时，其颜色是银白色的。故选A。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：月亮出现在地平线上口巨大的银色圆球高高挂在城市上空，街道上挤满了人，爪哇人开始享受今年最伟大的活动之一：“满月之夜"，这个节日特别受年轻人的欢迎。A. mountains山；B. valleys山谷；C. streets街道；D. shops商店。根据上文中的above the city可判断出庆祝活动是在城里进行的，所以街道上挤满了人。故选C。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：月亮出现在地平线上口巨大的银色圆球高高挂在城市上空，街道上挤满了人，爪哇人开始享受今年最伟大的活动之一满月之夜"，这个节日特别受年轻人的欢迎。A.games游戏；B. meetings会议；C. sports运动；D. events事件；活动。根据“‘the Night of the Full Moon’, a festival”可知这是一个活动。故选D。 【39题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：月亮出现在地平线上口巨大的银色圆球高高挂在城市上空,车厢里挤满了人,爪哇人开始享受今年最伟大的街道之一口“满月之夜",这个节日特别受年轻人的欢迎。A. for为了；B. to向；朝；C. with与……一起；D. in在……里面。根据上文中的“It was the night of the full moon,a time which always drives Java’s young people mad with excitement.”可判断出the Night of the Full Moon是最受年轻人欢迎的节日。固定短语：be popular with"在中受欢迎"符合语境。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的年轻爪哇人聚集在一起，在夜色中慢慢地走着，说笑着，聊天着，朝着城市边缘的那座山走去。A. danced跳舞；B. gathered聚集；C. drank喝酒；D.shouted大喊。根据“together and walked slowly through”和“Joking and chatting”可知,年轻人“聚在"一起，故选B。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的年轻爪哇人聚集在一起，在夜色中慢慢地走着，说笑着聊天着，朝着城市边缘的那座山走去。A.village村子；B.scene场面；景色；C.night夜晚；D. ground地面。根据上段中的“The moon appeared above the horizon(地平线)”和"the Night of the Full Moon1可知，这里指的是在“晚上”漫步、赏月的场景。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：越来越多的年轻爪哇人聚集在一起，在夜色中慢慢地走着，说笑着，聊天着，朝着城市边缘的那座山走去。A.on the edge of在.....的边上；B.on the way to在去.…..的路上；C. in the center of在....的中心；D. in the direction of朝着.....的方向。根据常识，山脉应该在”城市的边缘"。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们继续往上爬，一直爬到山顶的那座古庙。A. whie当....时候；B.until直到....为止；C.uness除非；D.though尽管。根据上下文关系，此处用until“直到...为止”引导的时间状语从句。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们继续往上爬，一直爬到山顶的那座古庙。A.tip小费，建议；B. back后面；背后；C.top顶端；D.bottom底部。根据上文“They continued to climb”可知，最后爬到了“山顶”。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在他们进入寺庙后口他们喝了水，吃了他们的月饼—美味的自制的装满了干果和坚果。A. inside在.....里面；B.near在...附近；C. off离开；D.across穿过，在….对面。根据“they reached the old temple”和“they drank their water and ate their moon-cakes”可知，是在寺庙里。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们进入寺庙后，他们喝了水口吃了他们的月饼—美味的自制的，装满了干果和坚果。A.fond喜欢的；B.little少的；小的；C.full满的；D.free免费的；自由的。根据常识可知，月饼里装满了干果和坚果。固定词组：be full of“充满；装满”。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在外面的山上，年轻人盘腿坐着，聊着天，互相讲着笑话。A.jumped；B.sat坐；C. stood站立；D. bent弯下。根据“cross-legged in circles”可知，人们在地上“坐着”。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，仍有成百上千的年轻人继续上山，欣赏明亮的月光。A.so因此；B.even甚至；C.yet然而；D.stl仍然。根据“in their hundreds, more young people continued to make their way up the mountain”可知，仍然有人爬山赏月。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，仍有成百上千的年轻人继续上山，欣赏明亮的月光。A.follow跟随；B.show表明；C. notice注意；D.admire欣赏。根据“make their way up themountain to _ 18 the brightly shining moon”可知，此处指爬山“赏月”。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨折。句意：到了午夜，烟花已经停止从他们下面山谷里的灰色城市里发射出来。A. clean干净的；B.gray灰色的；C. peaceful和平的；D.empty空的。因为放烟花，所以天空呈现出“灰色”。故选B。 第3节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be ____51____ (responsibility) for housework, but with one of the following suggestions, you really can get your children ____52____ (help) at home. If you give your children the impression that they cannot do anything quite right, then they ____53____ (regard) themselves as unfit or unable persons. ____54____ the children believe that they can succeed, they will never become ____55____ (total) independent. My daughter Carla’s fifth-grade teacher made every child in her class special. When students received ____56____ (little) than a perfect test score, she would point out that actually there were many things ____57____ they had mastered and declare firmly they could learn what they had missed. You can use the same technique when you evaluate ____58____ (you) child’s work at home. Don’t always scold but give lots of praise instead. Talk about what he has done right, not about what he hasn’t. If a difficult task has been done right by your child, promise him ____59____ Sunday trip or a ball game with Dad. Learning is a process of trying and failing and trying and succeeding. If you teach your children not to fear a mistake or failure, they will learn faster and achieve ____60____ (successful) at last. 【答案】51. responsible 52. to help 53. will regard 54. Unless 55. totally 56. less 57. that 58. your 59. a 60. success 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了家长如何引导孩子承担家务、培养孩子独立性的相关方法与教育建议。 【51题详解】 考查形容词。句意：几乎每个家庭的父母都很难教会孩子对家务负责。句子结构中be动词后需接形容词作表语，固定搭配be responsible for表示“对……负责”，括号内名词responsibility要变为形容词形式。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但用下面其中一条建议，你真的可以让孩子在家里帮忙。固定结构get sb. to do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，此处需要用不定式作宾语补足语。 【53题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：如果你给孩子留下他们什么事都做不对的印象，那么他们就会认为自己是不合格或没有能力的人。在if引导的条件状语从句中遵循“主将从现”规则，从句用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时。 【54题详解】 考查连词。句意：除非孩子们相信自己能成功，否则他们永远不会完全独立。根据逻辑语义，此处表达“除非”的含义，用unless引导条件状语从句，句首首字母大写。 【55题详解】 考查副词。句意：除非孩子们相信自己能成功，否则他们永远不会完全独立。此处需要副词totally修饰形容词independent。 【56题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：当学生得到的考试分数低于满分时，她会指出实际上他们已经掌握了很多东西，并坚定地宣称他们能够学会自己遗漏的内容。固定结构less than表示“少于、不足”，此处有明确的比较提示词than，little要用比较级形式。 【57题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当学生得到的考试分数低于满分时，她会指出实际上他们已经掌握了很多东西，并坚定地宣称他们能够学会自己遗漏的内容。先行词是指物的things，且有many修饰，定语从句中缺少宾语，用关系代词that引导从句。 【58题详解】 考查代词。句意：当你在家评估你孩子的表现时，你可以使用同样的技巧。此处需要修饰名词child’s work，要用人称代词you对应的形容词性物主代词。 【59题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如果你的孩子正确完成了一项困难的任务，答应他一次周日出行或者和爸爸去看一场球赛。此处表示泛指“一次周日出行”，Sunday发音以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a。 【60题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果你教孩子不要害怕错误或失败，他们会学得更快，最终取得成功。及物动词achieve后需要接名词作宾语，括号内形容词successful要变为名词形式。 第四部分 翻译和写作（共两节，满分25分） 第1节 翻译句子（每空1分，共10分） 61. 我一直想成为一个啦啦队员，昨天，我去啦啦队试训了 I've wanted to be a cheerleader. I ______ ______ ______ the team yesterday. 【答案】 ①. tried ②. out ③. for 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。try out for表示“试训”，是固定短语，根据yesterday可知动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时，故填tried; out; for。 62. 但是，花太多时间上网是不健康的，而且就很难专注于生活中的其他事情。 But ________ too much time online is unhealthy and makes ________ difficult to ________ ________ other things in life. 【答案】 ①. spending ②. it ③. focus/concentrate ④. on 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词、固定短语和it用法。英汉意思对比可知，①空处应填“花费”，可以用spend表达，此处是作主语，需用动名词形式spending，and连接并列谓语makes，后面的不定式是真正宾语，difficult作宾补，②空处作形式宾语用it。对照英汉，③④空处表达“专注于”是固定短语focus/concentrate on，故填①spending ②it ③focus/concentrate ④on。 63. 这里有一些方法让你能给老师同学留下一个好印象。 Here are some ways for you to ________ a good ________ ________ your classmates and teachers. 【答案】 ①. leave ②. impression ③. on 【解析】 【详解】句意：这里有一些方法能让你给老师同学留下一个好印象。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“给某人留下好印象”应用leave a good impression on sb，为固定搭配，且不定式to后接动词原形，所以依次填leave；impression；on。 第2节 书面表达（满分15分） 64. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Simon刚刚转学，感到一切都很陌生。他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境。请给他回信，内容包括： 1.对他所处情况的理解；2.建议；3.你的期望。 注意：1.词数120左右； 2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯； Dear Simon, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Simon, I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school. Such problems are quite normal. The following suggestions may be helpful. First, I think you may need to communicate with your classmates as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. Second, it might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which usually involve teamwork and interaction with other students and are therefore good for developing friendly relationships. Lastly, faced with some tough problems, you might consider asking your teachers for help, who can usually offer you some suggestions. I hope my advice will be helpful to you. If there is anything more I can do, please feel free to contact me. Yours， Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Simon写信，就如何尽快融入新环境提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 做某事有困难：have trouble (in) doing sth.=have difficulty (in) doing sth. 参加：take part in=participate in 向某人求助：ask sb. for help=turn to sb. for help 提供某人某物：offer sb. sth.=provide sb. with sth. 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Such problems are quite normal. 拓展句：Such problems are so normal that you don’t have to worry about it. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school.（that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] Second, it might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which usually involve teamwork and interaction with other students and are therefore good for developing friendly relationships.（which引导非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $