内容正文:
Unit 5 Path to a Better World Exploring the topic 课时4&5
第四课时 Theme Reading
1. put into use 投入使用
【教材原句】The new airport was put into use last month.
【讲解】
put into use 意为“投入使用;开始使用”,是固定短语,也可表达为 put…into use。
拓展短语:put into practice(付诸实践);put into operation(投入运行);put into effect(生效;实施)。
use 作名词,意为“使用;用途”,常见搭配:make use of(利用);come into use(开始被使用);in use(在使用中)。
【例句】
• The new bridge was put into use last year. 新桥去年投入使用。
• The new system will be put into use next month. 新系统将于下月投入使用。
• We should make good use of our time. 我们应该好好利用时间。
【练习题】
1. 选择:The new hospital was ______ last week. A. put into use B. put into using C. put to use D. put in use
答案:A
2. 翻译:这条新铁路已经投入使用了。
答案:The new railway has been put into use.
2. aim to do sth. 力求做某事;旨在做某事
【教材原句】The project aims to improve people's living conditions.
【讲解】
aim to do sth. 意为“力求做某事;旨在做某事;目标是做某事”,to 后接动词原形。
aim at doing sth. 也表示“旨在做某事;以……为目标”,at 是介词,后接动名词。
aim 作名词,意为“目标;目的;瞄准”,常见搭配:achieve one's aim(达到目标);with the aim of(以……为目标)。
派生词:aimless(形容词,无目标的)。
【例句】
• The program aims to help poor children. 这个项目旨在帮助贫困儿童。
• We aim at finishing the work by Friday. 我们力求在周五前完成工作。
• What is your aim in life? 你的人生目标是什么?
【练习题】
1. 选择:The new policy aims ______ the environment. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected
答案:B
2. 翻译:这个组织旨在帮助无家可归的人。
答案:The organization aims to help homeless people.
3. compete with / against sb. 和某人竞争
【教材原句】Several companies are competing with each other for the contract.
【讲解】
compete with/against sb. 意为“和某人竞争;与某人抗衡”,with 和 against 可互换。
compete for sth. 意为“为某事/物而竞争”;compete in sth. 意为“参加……比赛”。
competition 是名词,意为“比赛;竞争”,常见搭配:in competition with(与……竞争);fair competition(公平竞争)。
competitive 是形容词,意为“有竞争力的;竞争的”;competitor 是名词,意为“竞争者;对手”。
【例句】
• We can't compete with them on price. 我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。
• She will compete in the 100-meter race. 她将参加100米赛跑。
• The competition is very fierce. 竞争非常激烈。
【练习题】
1. 选择:Many students are competing ______ each other ______ the scholarship. A. with; for B. against; to C. with; to D. against; in
答案:A
2. 翻译:我们不应该在学习上互相竞争,而应该互相帮助。
答案:We should not compete with each other in study, but help each other.
第五课时 Grammar in Use
1. 名词后缀 -ty / -ity:形容词变抽象名词
【教材原句】Safety is the most important thing.
【讲解】
后缀 -ty / -ity 加在形容词后,构成抽象名词,表示“性质;状态;程度”。
常见词:safe → safety(安全);difficult → difficulty(困难);possible → possibility(可能性);real → reality(现实);able → ability(能力);active → activity(活动);equal → equality(平等)。
注意:以 -ble 结尾的形容词,去 e 加 -ity,如 possible → possibility;able → ability。
部分形容词变名词时需要调整拼写,如 real → reality。
【例句】
• Safety first. 安全第一。
• He has the ability to solve the problem. 他有能力解决这个问题。
• We must face the reality. 我们必须面对现实。
【练习题】
1. 写出名词形式:safe → ______;difficult → ______;possible → ______
答案:safety; difficulty; possibility
2. 用所给词适当形式填空:We should care about the ______ (safe) of the children.
答案:safety
2. 定语从句(关系代词 who / that / which 作主语)
【教材原句】The man who is standing there is my teacher.
【讲解】
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,被修饰的词叫先行词,引导从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词 who:先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不能省略。
关系代词 which:先行词是物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不能省略。
关系代词 that:先行词既可以是人也可以是物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不能省略。
例句:The girl who/that is singing is my sister.(先行词是人,作主语);The book which/that is on the desk is mine.(先行词是物,作主语)。
注意:关系代词作主语时,从句的谓语动词单复数要与先行词一致。
【例句】
• The boy who is wearing a hat is Tom. 戴帽子的男孩是汤姆。
• This is the movie which won the award. 这就是那部获奖的电影。
• The man that is talking to our teacher is my father. 和我们老师说话的那个人是我爸爸。
【练习题】
1. 选择:The girl ______ is reading a book is my classmate. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
答案:B
2. 用who/which/that填空:The car ______ is parked outside belongs to Mr. Smith.
答案:which/that
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