Unit 5 The Value of Money（人与社会·财富观念）武汉商道特色一轮创新讲义-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

商贾云集地，信义铸江城 ——必修三Unit 5 The Value of Money（人与社会·财富观念） 武汉商道特色一轮创新讲义 教师可根据学情灵活调整；第五部分答案与解析可单独打印，供课堂讲评使用。 第二课时：默写检测（A组+B组）+ 写作提升 + 答案讲评（分层训练与升格输出） 第一课时：核心词汇精讲 + 词形变化·重点语块·重点句式·重点语法（知识输入与框架搭建） 本讲义为两课时内容，建议按以下分配使用： 【课时说明】 一、讲义定位 【课标主题】 人与社会·财富观念——金钱的意义、商业伦理、诚信经营、社会阶层与人性。 【教材课文】 本单元阅读篇目为马克·吐温短篇小说《百万英镑》（The Million Pound Bank Note）的戏剧改编版。主人公亨利·亚当斯（Henry Adams）是一个身无分文的美国青年，因意外流落伦敦。两位富有的兄弟打赌，将一张无法兑现的百万英镑钞票借给亨利，看他一个月后能否存活。小说以夸张的手法揭露了金钱社会中人们以貌取人、趋炎附势的丑态，探讨了金钱与尊严、诚实与虚伪的主题。 【高考考向】 阅读理解常考商业经济类说明文、人物故事与人性主题；语法填空常考名词性从句；写作常考倡议书、议论文、读后续写（财富与道德、诚信与虚伪主题）。 【单元知识链·人教复习串联】 必修三Unit 5 The Value of Money（本单元·金钱与价值观） 必修二Unit 4 History and Traditions（历史传统·社会文化） 选必二Unit 3 Food and Culture（饮食文化·商业品牌） 选必四Unit 4 Sharing（志愿服务·社会责任） 二、武汉商道背景（写作素材） 【商业时间线】 明代：汉正街形成，因汉水入江口而兴，“十里帆樯依市立，万家灯火彻宵明”。 1861年：汉口开埠，成为近代中国重要通商口岸，江汉路一带逐步形成商业街区。 1979年起：汉正街率先恢复小商品市场，1980年代被誉为“天下第一街”。 2010年前后：楚河汉街建成，融合商业、文化、旅游，成为武汉商业新地标。 2020年代：光谷数字经济、直播电商崛起，武汉商业迎来新发展。 【商业地标】 汉正街：500年商业老街，小商品批发闻名，体现武汉人“精明信义”的商业精神。 江汉路步行街：百年商业老街，近代建筑与现代商铺交融，武汉商业文化象征。 楚河汉街：现代商业综合体，融合楚文化元素，武汉新商业文化地标。 光谷步行街：高新技术产业区商业中心，汇聚年轻创业者和科技企业。 【第一课时】知识输入与框架搭建 第一部分 核心词汇精讲 1. patience ★★★★☆ n. 耐心；忍耐力；毅力 【常考搭配】 with patience 耐心地 have patience with sb 对某人有耐心 lose patience with sb 对某人失去耐心 patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人；patiently adv. 耐心地 【重点·易错】 patient一词多义：形容词“耐心的”，名词“病人”。高考完形填空常考此熟词生义。patience为不可数名词。 【教材原句】 Roderick: "Patience. If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have?" (Act 1, Scene 3) 罗德里克："耐心点。如果你不介意，我可以问你你有多少钱吗？"（第一幕第三场） It takes great patience to run a small shop on Hanzheng Street, for customers there may bargain for half an hour before deciding to buy anything. 【当堂训练】 The shop owner, who had served customers with great ______ (patient) for over thirty years, finally decided to retire, though his regular customers begged him not to leave the street ______ he had worked since he was a teenager. 2. account ★★★★★ n./vi. 描述；叙述；账户；认为是 【常考搭配】 account for 占……比例；解释（原因） take sth into account 考虑到；顾及 on account of 因为；由于 give an account of 描述；叙述 by all accounts 据说；根据各方面所说 【重点·易错】 account是高考高频多义词。account for有两个常考含义：①占（比例）②解释（原因）。如：His illness accounts for his absence.（他因病缺席。） 【教材原句】 Henry: "The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance." (Act 1, Scene 4) 亨利："事实上，我是通过做无薪工来挣船费的，这就是我这副模样的原因。"（第一幕第四场） Passed down through generations, small family-run shops account for nearly 60% of all businesses on Hanzheng Street—and this figure has barely changed even as e-commerce grows. 【当堂训练】 The manager, who was directly ______ (account) for the incident, explained that human error rather than system failure ______ (account) for the loss that had cost the company over ten thousand yuan. 3. seek ★★★★☆ vt./vi. 寻找；寻求；争取；请求 【常考搭配】 seek to do sth 试图做某事；设法做某事 seek for/after sth 寻找某物 seek one's fortune 寻找发财机会；外出闯天下 seek help/advice 寻求帮助/建议 【重点·易错】 seek的过去式和过去分词均为sought，不可写作seeked。seek to do sth比try to do sth更正式。 【教材原句】 Henry: "I went to the American consulate to seek help, but… Anyway, I didn't dare to try again." (Act 1, Scene 3) 亨利："我去美国领事馆寻求帮助，但……总之，我不敢再试了。"（第一幕第三场） Attracted by favorable policies and a far lower cost of living than Beijing or Shanghai, many young entrepreneurs come to Wuhan to seek their fortune in the city’s booming digital economy. 【当堂训练】 Many young people, ______ (seek) their fortune in cities where opportunities seemed more abundant, left their hometowns, though few of them ever imagined that the road to success would be so paved with disappointments. 4. judge ★★★★☆ v./n. 判断；断定；法官；审判员 【常考搭配】 judging by/from 从……来看（独立成分，句首固定用judging） judge sb/sth by/from 根据……判断…… judgement n. 判断；判断力 【重点·易错】 judging by/from是固定用法，无论主语是什么，都用judging形式，不可用judged。该结构在句中作独立成分，不受主句主语限制。 【课文主题例句】 Judging from his appearance, which was nothing more than a worn-out coat and a pair of torn shoes, nobody would have believed that he was a man of great wealth. 从他的外表来看——不过是一件破旧的外套和一双破鞋——没有人会相信他是个非常富有的人。 【场景例句】 Judging from how he remains calm even when customers are rude, this shop owner has learned more about real business than many who have studied management for years. 【当堂训练】 ______ (judge) from the expression on the customer's face, the shop assistant realized that the price he had quoted was far beyond what the man, ______ had been browsing for nearly an hour, could afford. 5. spot ★★★★☆ vt./n. 看见；注意到；发现；地点；斑点 【常考搭配】 spot sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 on the spot 当场；在现场 a scenic spot 景点 a weak spot 弱点 【重点·易错】 spot作动词时意为“发现、认出”，相当于notice或catch sight of，强调突然看见。作名词时意为“地点、斑点”。spot的过去式和过去分词需双写t：spotted。 【教材原句】 Henry: "The next morning I was spotted by a ship." (Act 1, Scene 3) 亨利："第二天早上，我被一艘船发现了。"（第一幕第三场） After decades of searching through piles of goods on Hanzheng Street, a sharp-eyed shopper spotted a rare Qing dynasty vase the owner had mistaken for a cheap imitation. 【当堂训练】 The manager, who had just entered the storeroom, ______ (spot) a thief attempting to hide a valuable watch in his pocket, and within minutes the man was caught red-handed on ______ spot by the security guards. 6. scene ★★★★☆ n. （戏剧或歌剧的）场；现场；场面；景色 【常考搭配】 on the scene 在现场；到场 behind the scenes 在幕后；秘密地 the scene of the accident/crime 事故/犯罪现场 Act 1, Scene 3 第一幕第三场 【重点·易错】 scene指具体的场景、场面或戏剧中的“场”；scenery是不可数名词，指整体风景；view指从某处看到的景色；sight指名胜、景象（常用复数sights）。 【课文主题例句】 The story is set in London in 1903, and the opening scene takes place in a restaurant where Henry, penniless and hungry, is treated with contempt by the waiters. 故事发生在1903年的伦敦，开场的一幕发生在一家餐馆里，身无分文、饥肠辘辘的亨利在那里遭到服务员的蔑视。 【场景例句】 During the Spring Festival, the chaotic scene on Hanzheng Street—thousands of shoppers crowding narrow alleys filled with the smell of local snacks—attracts visitors from across the region. 【当堂训练】 The first two ______ (scene) of the play, which are set in a London restaurant where a penniless young man is being humiliated by the waiters, reveal the central theme that the author, ______ had witnessed similar incidents himself, wanted to explore. 7. indeed ★★★☆☆ adv. 其实；实际上；当然；确实 【常考搭配】 indeed常用于强调肯定回答或补充说明，相当于in fact或certainly Thank you very much indeed. 实在非常感谢。 【重点·易错】 indeed在句中位置灵活：可置于句首、句中或句末。置于句首时常用逗号隔开，表示“确实、诚然”，引出让步或补充。注意与as a matter of fact（事实上）换用。 【课文主题例句】 —Is he really a millionaire? —Indeed he is. I saw the note with my own eyes, which is something I would never have believed if I had not witnessed it myself. ——他真是百万富翁吗？——确实是的。我亲眼见过那张钞票，如果不是亲眼所见，我绝不会相信这种事。 【场景例句】 The prices on Hanzheng Street are indeed reasonable, so shoppers from neighboring provinces still visit in person even though they could easily find cheaper goods online. 【当堂训练】 It was, ______ (actual), one of the most honest shops I had ever visited, a place ______ the owner would rather lose a sale than cheat a customer, a principle that had earned him the respect of everyone on the street. 8. permit ★★★★☆ vt./vi./n. 允许；准许；使有可能；许可证；执照 【常考搭配】 permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth 允许做某事 without permission 未经允许 a business permit 营业执照 permission n. 准许；许可；批准 【重点·易错】 permit后接sb时用不定式：permit sb to do sth；后直接接动作时用动名词：permit doing sth。类似用法的词还有allow, advise, forbid等。permit作名词时重音在第一音节，意为"许可证"。 【课文主题例句】 The waiter would not permit Henry to enter the restaurant until he saw the bank note, at which point his attitude changed so dramatically that it was almost comical. 直到看到那张钞票，服务员才允许亨利进入餐馆，这时他的态度变化之大几乎到了滑稽的程度。 【场景例句】 Before opening a store on Hanzheng Street, owners must obtain a business permit—introduced after a series of fires in the 1990s raised safety concerns. 【当堂训练】 The manager refused ______ (permit) him to enter the stockroom without proper identification, explaining that the company did not permit ______ (stranger) to access areas where valuable goods were stored. 9. contrary ★★★★☆ adj./n. 相反的；相对立的；相反的事实（或事情） 【常考搭配】 on the contrary 正相反；恰恰相反 contrary to 与……相反 be contrary to 违反；与……相悖 to the contrary 相反的（地） 【重点·易错】 on the contrary用于否定前面的说法并引出相反的事实，意为“正相反”；on the other hand用于引出另一方面，意为“另一方面”，二者不可混用。contrary to后接名词或名词性短语。 【课文主题例句】 —You must be a wealthy man, dressed in such fine clothes. —On the contrary, I am penniless; the clothes were lent to me by a friend who took pity on my situation. ——你穿得这么好，一定是个有钱人。——恰恰相反，我身无分文；这衣服是一位同情我处境的朋友借给我的。 【场景例句】 Contrary to common belief, running a small shop on Hanzheng Street is no path to quick wealth: profit margins are thin, and online competition grows fiercer each year. 【当堂训练】 —I suppose you must be very rich, owning such a large shop. —______ the contrary, I am deeply in debt, a situation ______ has been made worse by the rising rent and declining number of customers. 10. pretend ★★★★☆ vi./vt. 假装；佯装 【常考搭配】 pretend to do sth 假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装已经做了某事 pretend that... 假装…… 【重点·易错】 pretend后接不定式时，注意三种形式：一般式to do（假装要做）、进行式to be doing（假装正在做）、完成式to have done（假装已经做过）。高考语法填空常考不定式的时态形式。 【课文主题例句】 When they saw the million pound note, the shop assistants, who had been ignoring Henry only moments before, pretended to be very busy and polite, as if they had always treated him with the greatest respect. 当他们看到百万英镑钞票时，刚才还对亨利不理不睬的店员们假装非常忙碌且彬彬有礼，好像他们一直都对他极为尊敬似的。 【场景例句】 Knowing that most tourists cannot tell real antiques from fakes, some dishonest traders pretend their mass-produced goods are rare treasures and charge exorbitant prices. 【当堂训练】 He pretended ______ (read) a newspaper when the manager entered, though it was obvious to everyone that he had been sleeping, a fact ______ he tried desperately to conceal by adjusting his tie and clearing his throat. 11. manners ★★★☆☆ n. 礼貌；礼仪；习俗 【常考搭配】 good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌 It is good/bad manners to do sth 做某事是有/没有礼貌的 table manners 餐桌礼仪 manner n. 方式；方法（单数） 【重点·易错】 manners用复数形式表示"礼貌、礼仪"，谓语动词用复数；manner用单数形式表示"方式、方法"，相当于way。It is bad manners to do sth中manners虽为复数，但前面用It is，这是固定句型。 【课文主题例句】 It is bad manners to stare at a stranger in the street, yet everyone in the restaurant was staring at Henry, whose ragged clothes contrasted sharply with the fine linen tablecloths. 在街上盯着陌生人看是不礼貌的，但餐馆里的每个人都在盯着亨利，他破旧的衣服与精致的亚麻桌布形成了鲜明的对比。 【场景例句】 Good manners are essential on Hanzheng Street: customers treated with respect return more often and recommend the shop to friends, the real key to long-term success. 【当堂训练】 It is bad ______ (manner) to interrupt others while they are speaking, a rule ______ the new employee, who had been raised in a household where politeness was valued above all else, had learned from an early age. 12. maintain ★★★★☆ vt. 维持；保持；维修；保养；坚持认为 【常考搭配】 maintain balance/order 维持平衡/秩序 maintain contact with sb 与某人保持联系 maintain that... 坚持认为…… maintenance n. 维护；保养；维持 【重点·易错】 maintain意为“维持”时，强调使某种状态持续下去，如maintain peace（维持和平）；意为“坚持认为”时，后接that从句，相当于insist that。注意maintain不用于进行时态。 【课文主题例句】 Henry maintained that he was an honest man despite his shabby appearance, a claim that was met with laughter until the moment he produced the million pound bank note from his pocket. 亨利坚持认为，尽管自己衣衫褴褛，他仍是一个诚实的人，这一说法遭到了嘲笑，直到他从口袋里掏出那张百万英镑钞票的那一刻。 【场景例句】 The most successful shops on Hanzheng Street have maintained a reputation for honest dealing for generations, even when cutting corners might seem profitable. 【当堂训练】 The old shopkeeper, who had ______ (maintain) his reputation for honesty for over forty years, insisted that he would rather close down than sell a single fake product, a principle ______ had earned him the loyalty of customers from across the country. 第二部分 词形变化+重点语块+重点句式+重点语法 一、词形变化（高频派生词） 词根 动词 名词 形容词/副词 patience — patience 耐心 patient 耐心的 / patiently 耐心地 account account 认为；叙述 account 账户；描述 accountable 负有责任的 seek seek 寻找 seeker 寻找者 — judge judge 判断 judgement 判断 judicial 司法的 spot spot 发现 spot 地点；斑点 spotted 有斑点的 scene — scene 场景；场面 scenic 风景优美的 permit permit 允许 permission 许可 permissible 可允许的 contrary — contrary 相反 contrary 相反的 pretend pretend 假装 pretence 假装 pretended 假装的 manner — manners 礼貌 well-mannered 有礼貌的 maintain maintain 维持 maintenance 维护 — indeed — — indeed 确实（副词） 二、重点语块（15个·写作必备） seek one's fortune 寻找发财机会 account for 占……比例；解释 take sth into account 考虑到 judging by/from 从……来看 on the contrary 正相反 on the spot 当场；在现场 behind the scenes 在幕后 permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 without permission 未经允许 pretend to do sth 假装做某事 good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌 maintain a reputation 保持声誉 with patience 耐心地 give an account of 描述；叙述 the value of money 金钱的价值 三、重点句式（仿写提升） 句式1：The reason why... is that...（……的原因是……） The reason why Hanzheng Street has lasted for over 500 years, surviving wars, revolutions and economic crises, is that the merchants there always keep their word, even when doing so means short-term losses. 汉正街之所以能延续500多年，历经战争、革命和经济危机而不衰，是因为那里的商人总是信守承诺，即使这样做意味着短期亏损。 [仿写] The reason why Wuhan's business environment has become increasingly attractive is that ______. 句式2：It seems that...（似乎……） It seems that people in the story, who are supposed to be civilized and refined, judge Henry by his appearance rather than his character, . 故事中的人们——本应是文明而有教养的——似乎是以貌取人，而不是看亨利的品格，作者以尖刻的幽默讽刺了这种倾向。 [仿写] It seems that ______. 句式3：not only... but also...（不但……而且……） Hanzheng Street is not only a commercial center where thousands of transactions take place every day, but also a cultural heritage of Wuhan that embodies the city's entrepreneurial spirit. 汉正街不仅是一个每天发生数千笔交易的商业中心，也是体现这座城市创业精神的武汉文化遗产。 [仿写] ______ not only ______, but also ______. 句式4：介词+which引导定语从句 Hanzheng Street, from which the phrase "Hanzheng spirit" of honesty and hard work originally comes, has a documented history of over 500 years, making it one of the oldest commercial streets in China. 汉正街——"汉正街精神"一词即源于此——有文字记载的历史超过500年，是中国最古老的商业街之一。 [仿写] Chuhe Han Street, ______（填介词）which many young people like to go on weekends, is a modern commercial landmark that blends traditional Chu culture with contemporary design. 四、重点语法——名词性从句 【核心概念】 在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。本单元课文中大量出现宾语从句和表语从句，如Henry believed that he was honest. / The question is whether Henry can survive the month without spending the note. 【宾语从句三要素】 1. 引导词：that（无意义，口语中可省略）/ if, whether（是否）/ 连接代词（what, who, which, whose）/ 连接副词（when, where, why, how） 2. 语序：陈述语序（主语+谓语），不可用疑问语序。如：I don't know where he has gone.（不说where has he gone） 3. 时态呼应：主句为过去时，从句用相应的过去时态；但从句表示客观真理时仍用一般现在时。 【重点·易错】 ① that与what的区别：that在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用；what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，相当于the thing(s) that。 ② whether与if的区别：介词后、不定式前、与or not连用时只能用whether，不能用if。 ③ 否定转移：think, believe, expect, suppose等动词后，从句的否定要前移到主句。如：I don't think he will come.（不说I think he won't come.） ④ 表语从句：The reason why... is that...中只能用that引导，不可用because。 【教材原句链接】 I think (that) honesty is more important than wealth, a belief that Henry never abandons even when he is treated with contempt. 我认为诚实比财富更重要，这是亨利即使遭到蔑视也从未放弃的信念。 The brothers asked whether Henry had any money with him, a question that made him feel deeply ashamed of his poverty. 兄弟俩问亨利身上是否带了钱，这个问题使他为自己的贫穷深感羞愧。 The truth is that Henry is penniless but honest, while those who despise him are wealthy but morally bankrupt. 事实是亨利身无分文但为人诚实，而那些蔑视他的人虽然富有却道德沦丧。 【第二课时】分层训练与升格输出 第三部分 默写检测 A组 基础达标 （一）核心词块默写（根据中文写英文） 1. 寻找发财机会 ________ 2. 占……比例；解释 ________ 3. 考虑到；顾及 ________ 4. 从……来看 ________ 5. 正相反 ________ 6. 当场；在现场 ________ 7. 允许某人做某事 ________ 8. 未经允许 ________ 9. 假装做某事 ________ 10. 保持声誉 ________ （二）派生词填空（用括号内词的正确形式填空） 1. The young shop owner, who needed great ______ (patient) when dealing with customers who would spend hours bargaining over prices that had already been reduced to the minimum, finally won their trust after three years of persistent effort. 2. Small family-run shops, which have ______ (account) for nearly 60% of all businesses in the area for decades, are now facing fierce competition from online stores that can offer lower prices due to reduced overhead costs. 3. Many young people, ______ (seek) their fortune in this historic commercial city where opportunities seemed more abundant than in their rural hometowns, have opened small shops along the renovated streets. 4. ______ (judge) from the way he handled the bargaining with such confidence and tact, the shop owner has clearly learned a great deal from his years of experience working under his father's guidance. 5. The manager, who had just returned from a business trip, ______ (spot) a customer attempting to conceal a stolen watch in his bag, and within minutes the man was handed over to the police. 6. The first three ______ (scene) of the play, which are set in a crowded London restaurant in 1903 where a penniless young man is being humiliated by the staff, immediately establish the central conflict. 7. The prices on Hanzheng Street are ______ (actual) reasonable, which explains why shoppers from neighboring provinces, who could easily find cheaper goods online, still make the trip every weekend. 8. We do not permit ______ (smoke) in the shop, and customers must ask for ______ (permit) before taking photographs of the merchandise, a rule that was introduced after several products were damaged by careless visitors. 9. He pretended ______ (read) a newspaper when the manager entered the room, though it was obvious to everyone present that he had been sleeping at his desk only moments before. 10. It is bad ______ (manner) to speak with your mouth full, a lesson that the shop owner, who had been raised by a grandmother who valued politeness above all else, had learned from an early age. （三）短语填空（从方框中选择合适的短语，用正确形式填空） 方框：seek one's fortune account for take...into account judging by on the contrary on the spot permit sb to do without permission pretend that maintain a reputation 1. Many young people from rural areas, who dream of escaping poverty and building a better life for their families, come to big cities like Wuhan to ______ despite the numerous challenges they are certain to face. 2. Small online businesses, which have grown at an unprecedented rate over the past decade, now ______ a growing percentage of the total retail market in the city, a trend that has forced traditional shops to adapt or close. 3. When setting prices for their products, shop owners should ______ the customers' needs ______ as well as production costs and market competition, a balancing act that requires both experience and sensitivity. 4. ______ his confident manner and the way he answered every question without hesitation, the shop owner clearly has years of experience in this highly competitive industry. 5. —You must be very wealthy to own such a large shop in this prime location. —______, I am deeply in debt, and the rent alone consumes nearly half of my monthly revenue. 6. The thief, who had been trying to conceal a valuable antique under his coat, was caught ______ by an alert security guard who had been watching him on the surveillance cameras. 7. The manager will not ______ you ______ enter the stockroom without proper identification, as the area contains goods worth hundreds of thousands of yuan. 8. He left the shop ______ and was later fined for shoplifting, an offense that carries a penalty of up to fifteen days' detention according to local regulations. 9. Some dishonest traders ______ their goods are genuine antiques, using carefully crafted stories to convince tourists who lack the expertise to verify such claims. 10. The most successful shops on Hanzheng Street are those that ______ for honesty and fair dealing, even when the temptation to cut corners and maximize profits has never been stronger. （四）单句语法填空（名词性从句） 1. The shop owner told me ______ the watch, which had been brought in by a customer who claimed to have inherited it from his grandfather, was actually made in Switzerland. 2. I wonder ______ he will come to the shop today or not, as his absence would mean that the deal we have been negotiating for weeks will have to be postponed yet again. 3. Can you tell me ______ I can open a bank account near here, as I have just arrived in the city and need to deposit the money I received from selling my old shop? 4. The question is ______ we should buy the cheap, mass-produced goods or invest in higher-quality items that will cost more initially but last far longer. 5. I don't think ______ he will agree to the price we have offered, given that he has already rejected three similar proposals from other buyers. 6. The boss asked ______ I wanted to pay in cash or by credit card, a question that caught me off guard since I had assumed the shop only accepted cash. 7. It is known to all ______ honesty is important in business, though in practice many shop owners seem to forget this principle when faced with the opportunity to make a quick profit. 8. The problem is ______ we can find enough customers for our new shop, which is located in a part of the city that has seen a significant decline in foot traffic over the past year. 9. He asked me ______ I had bought the cheap watch, a question that made me realize he suspected it might have been stolen, though in fact I had purchased it legitimately from a street vendor. 10. The reason ______ he succeeded where so many others had failed is ______ he always kept his word, even when doing so meant sacrificing short-term profits for long-term trust. B组 能力提升 （一）熟词生义（写出黑体词在句中的含义） 1. The witness gave a detailed account of what had happened in the shop on the night of the robbery, which helped the police identify the suspects who had managed to escape through the back door. ________ 2. He sought to explain why the price of the antique, which had been valued by three independent experts, was so high, but the customers, who were looking for bargains, remained skeptical. ________ 3. The firm has decided to close down its unprofitable branch in the old district, a move that will result in the loss of over fifty jobs and has been met with strong opposition from the local community. ________ 4. Judging from the scene, which was littered with broken glass and overturned shelves, the argument between the two shop owners must have been far more heated than either of them was willing to admit. ________ 5. She maintained that she had not seen the man before, though the security footage clearly showed her entering the shop with him on the evening in question. ________ 6. It is bad manners to interrupt others while they are speaking, a rule that seems to have been forgotten by the younger generation, who often check their phones during conversations. ________ （二）根据中文提示完成句子 1. 汉正街之所以能延续500多年，历经战乱和经济变革而不衰，是因为那里的商人总是信守承诺。（The reason why... is that...） The reason why Hanzheng Street has lasted for over 500 years, surviving wars and economic upheavals, ______ ______ the merchants there always keep their word. 2. 似乎越来越多的年轻人，受到优惠政策和创业成功故事的鼓舞，选择在武汉创业而不是为他人打工。（It seems that...） ______ ______ that more and more young people, inspired by favorable policies and success stories, are choosing to start their own businesses in Wuhan rather than work for others. 3. 汉正街不仅是一个每天发生数千笔交易的商业中心，也是体现武汉创业精神的文化遗产。（not only... but also...） Hanzheng Street is ______ ______ a thriving commercial center where thousands of transactions occur daily, ______ also a cultural heritage that embodies Wuhan's entrepreneurial spirit. 4. 与许多人的设想相反，在汉正街经营一家小店并不是快速致富之路，因为利润微薄且竞争激烈。（contrary to） ______ ______ what many people assume, running a small shop on Hanzheng Street is not a path to quick wealth, as profit margins are thin and competition is fierce. 5. 直到看到那张百万英镑钞票，服务员才允许亨利进入餐馆，这时他的态度发生了戏剧性的变化。（permit sb to do） The waiter did not ______ Henry ______ enter the restaurant until he saw the bank note, at which point his attitude changed dramatically. 6. 许多年轻创业者，被当地商人的成功故事所鼓舞，来到武汉在蓬勃的商业环境中寻找发展机会。（seek one's fortune） Many young entrepreneurs, inspired by the success stories of local merchants, come to Wuhan ______ ______ their fortune in the booming business environment. （三）语篇填空（原创·汉正街的故事） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hanzheng Street, 1. ______ lies in the heart of Wuhan and has witnessed the city's commercial transformation over five centuries, has a documented history of over 500 years. It all started as a small market near the Han River, 2. ______ merchants from all over China gathered to trade goods and exchange stories, carrying with them not only merchandise but also the customs and dialects of their hometowns. In the early days, 3. ______ (sell) goods required enormous patience and excellent communication skills, especially when dealing with customers 4. ______ were reluctant to pay the asking price and would walk away if they felt the slightest pressure. Shop owners had to be polite to every single customer, even those who only looked around without buying anything and left without a word, 5. ______ (know) that today's browser might be tomorrow's buyer. Over time, Hanzheng Street became nationally famous for 6. ______ (it) reasonable prices and honest dealing, which attracted shoppers from neighboring provinces who would travel for hours by train just to experience the unique atmosphere. Small family-run shops account 7. ______ the majority of businesses there, preserving the traditional commercial culture that has been passed down through generations. Today, 8. ______ (seek) their fortune in this digital age, many young entrepreneurs open their own shops online, 9. ______ (use) live streaming to sell products to customers across the country and beyond, though they still maintain the values of honesty and fair dealing that their predecessors 10. ______ (establish) centuries ago. Judging from its remarkable long history and continuous adaptation, Hanzheng Street will continue to represent Wuhan's commercial spirit for generations to come. 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________ 第四部分 写作提升 一、应用文写作——倡议书（诚信经营） 【题目】 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部正在举办“诚信经营，从我做起”主题征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 诚信经营的重要性； 2. 汉正街商人的诚信故事； 3. 你的倡议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【写作指导】 1. 时态：一般现在时为主。 2. 结构：开头（点明主题）→ 中间（重要性+事例）→ 结尾（发出倡议）。 3. 人称：第一人称we。 4. 语气：正式、有号召力。 【必背语料】 核心词块：honest business 诚信经营；good reputation 好名声；customer satisfaction 顾客满意；win-win situation 双赢局面；keep one's word 信守承诺 高分句型：It is important for us to... / The reason why... is that... / Not only... but also... / Only in this way can we... 【参考范文】 Honesty Is the Best Policy It is important for us to understand that honesty is the foundation of any business, a principle that has been proven time and again throughout history. The reason why Hanzheng Street has lasted for over 500 years is that the merchants there always keep their word, even when doing so means short-term losses. Honest business not only builds trust with customers, but also creates long-term success that no amount of clever marketing can achieve. When shop owners offer fair prices and treat people politely, customers will come back again and again, bringing their friends and families with them. Let us start from small things: tell the truth, keep our promises, and treat everyone fairly. Only in this way can we build a better business environment for everyone. 【范文解析】 1. 结构：开头点题（诚信是基础）→ 中间论证（汉正街事例+诚信的好处）→ 结尾倡议（从小事做起）。 2. 亮点句型：It作形式主语；The reason why...is that...表语从句；not only...but also...并列结构；Only in this way倒装句。 3. 词数：约110词，符合要求。 【二轮升格】句子升格对比（诚信经营主题） 以下每组左栏为学生常见表达，右栏为升格表达，请体会升格思路并仿写。 第1组 升格点：① 主系表升级为名词化主语 serves as the foundation；② 加 without which 引导的定语从句；③ 加 merely an illusion 增强表达力度。 升格版：Honesty serves as the foundation of any successful business, without which long-term success is merely an illusion. 学生版：Honesty is important for business. 第2组 升格点：① because 原因状语从句升级为 What 引导的主语从句；② cheap 升级为 affordable prices；③ not merely... but... 并列结构突出深层原因；④ built on... 过去分词短语作后置定语。 升格版：What draws shoppers from neighboring provinces to Hanzheng Street is not merely its affordable prices, but the trust built on generations of honest dealing. 学生版：Many people buy things on Hanzheng Street because it is cheap. 第3组 升格点：① If 条件句升级为 Only when 引导的倒装句；② are honest 升级为 prioritize honesty over short-term profits（动宾结构+比较）；③ come back again 升级为 reward them with lasting loyalty（高级搭配）。 升格版：Only when shop owners prioritize honesty over short-term profits will customers reward them with lasting loyalty. 学生版：If you are honest, customers will come back again. 【仿写练习】请运用上述升格思路，将下面句子升格（至少使用一种高级句式）。 原句：Good service can help a shop attract more customers. 你的升格：________________________________________________ 二、读后续写——微技能积累 主题：财富与道德 / 诚信经营 / 创业故事 （一）动作描写语块 count the money carefully 仔细数钱 hand over the change 找零 wrap the goods nicely 把商品包好 open the shop early 早早开店 close the shop late 很晚关门 bow to the customer 向顾客鞠躬 （二）情感描写语块 feel a sense of pride 感到自豪 be satisfied with the business 对生意满意 feel guilty about cheating customers 对欺骗顾客感到内疚 be grateful to loyal customers 感谢忠实的顾客 be determined to be honest 决心诚实经营 flush with embarrassment 因尴尬而脸红 （三）环境描写语块 the busy street full of shoppers 满是购物者的繁忙街道 the brightly lit shop window 明亮的橱窗 the sound of bargaining 讨价还价的声音 the smell of local snacks 当地小吃的香味 the narrow alley lined with small shops 两旁布满小店的狭窄巷子 第五部分 答案与解析 核心词汇当堂训练参考答案 1. patience 【答案】patience; where 2. account 【答案】accountable; accounted 3. seek 【答案】seeking 4. judge 【答案】Judging; who 5. spot 【答案】spotted; the 6. scene 【答案】scenes; who 7. indeed 【答案】actually; where 8. permit 【答案】to permit; strangers 9. contrary 【答案】On; which/that 10. pretend 【答案】to be reading; which/that 11. manners 【答案】manners; which/that 12. maintain 【答案】maintained; which/that A组 基础达标 （一）核心词块默写 1. seek one's fortune 2. account for 3. take sth into account 4. judging by/from 5. on the contrary 6. on the spot 7. permit sb to do sth 8. without permission 9. pretend to do sth 10. maintain a reputation （二）派生词填空 1.【答案】patience 2.【答案】accounted 3.【答案】seeking 4.【答案】Judging 5.【答案】spotted 6.【答案】scenes 7.【答案】actually 8.【答案】smoking; permission 9.【答案】to be reading 10.【答案】manners （三）短语填空 1.【答案】seek their fortune 2.【答案】accounted for 3.【答案】take; into account 4.【答案】Judging by 5.【答案】On the contrary 6.【答案】on the spot 7.【答案】permit; to 8.【答案】without permission 9.【答案】pretend that 10.【答案】maintain a reputation （四）单句语法填空 1.【答案】that 2.【答案】whether 3.【答案】where 4.【答案】whether 5.【答案】that 6.【答案】whether/if 7.【答案】that 8.【答案】how/whether 9.【答案】where 10.【答案】why; that B组 能力提升 （一）熟词生义 1. 描述；叙述 2. 试图；设法 3. 分支；分店 4. 场面；场景 5. 坚持认为 6. 礼貌；礼仪 （二）补全句子 1.【答案】is that 2.【答案】It seems 3.【答案】not only; but 4.【答案】Contrary to 5.【答案】permit; to 6.【答案】to seek （三）语篇填空 1.【答案】which 2.【答案】where 3.【答案】selling 4.【答案】who/that 5.【答案】knowing 6.【答案】its 7.【答案】for 8.【答案】seeking 9.【答案】using 10.【答案】established —— 全文完 —— 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $