Unit 3 Journey into space（重难词汇精练）英语新教材冀教版九年级下册

Unit 3 Journey into space 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 单词 英文 中文 英文 中文 n. 讲课；演讲 v.& n. 网络直播 n. 运动；活动；移动 n. 光学 adj. 虚拟的；实质上的 v. 实施；组织 n. 全体工作人员；专业团队 v. 检查；调查 n.（航天器上独立的）舱；单元；模块 adj. 灵敏的；敏感的 n. 望远镜 adj. 微弱的；微小的；晕眩 n. 突破；重大进展 adj. 神秘的；诡秘的 n. 方面；层面 n. 证据；证明 adv. 正式地；官方地 n. 天文学家 n. 设备；设施 n. 态度；看法 n. 探索；探究 v. 揭开；发现 n. 奥秘；神秘 v. 吸引；使喜爱；招引 n. 辉煌；灿烂；光荣 prep. 超出…… 之外 adj. 辽阔的；巨大的 adj. 外边的；外表的 n. 边；边缘 n. 好奇心 adj. 里面的；内部的 v. 沿轨道运行 adj. 可见的；明显的 adv. 从一侧；侧着 v.（使）旋转；轮值 n. 西；西方 n. 诨名；绰号 n. 元素；要素 n. 彗星 n. 小行星 adj. 矮小的 v. 失败；未做；不足 n. 必要条件 n. 地位；身份；状况 n. 漫游者；流浪者 n. 平原 n. 航天服；宇航服 adj. 先进的；高级的 n. 日落；傍晚 n.（持续）时间的长短 v. 存在；生存 n. 太空飞行任务；任务 v. 向…… 提供最新信息 n. 表面；水面；外表 n. 票；券；标签 / / 短语 调查 发现；搭载 坐落于 大量的 目的是…… 首先 一点儿也不 登陆 到目前为止 尽管 对…… 好奇 / / 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.attract→__________ (n.) 吸引力 2.explore→__________ (n.) 探索 3.mystery→__________ (adj.) 神秘的 4.curious→__________ (n.) 好奇心 5.advance→__________ (adj.) 先进的 6.exist→__________ (n.) 存在 7.officially→__________ (adj.) 官方的 8.visible→__________ (v.) 看见 9.sense→__________ (adj.) 敏感的 10.require→__________ (n.) 必要条件 11.fail→__________ (n.) 失败 12.virtue→__________ (adj.) 虚拟的 13.attitude→__________ (adj.) 态度的 14.evidence→__________ (adj.) 明显的 15.roam→__________ (n.) 漫游者 16.rotate→__________ (n.) 旋转 一、单词拼写，根据首字母提示填空。 1.The a__________ spends much time studying stars and space. 2.Scientists use t__________ to watch faraway stars in the sky. 3.The b__________ in space research helps us know more about the universe. 4.We are c__________ about the secret of outer space. 5.The v__________ world makes our space exploration easier. 6.This m__________ of the spaceship can keep astronauts safe. 7.The earth is a p__________ planet with mountains and seas. 8.Astronauts wear s__________ when they work in space. 9.There is a v__________ ocean of stars beyond our planet. 10.The e__________ of Mars is not suitable for humans to live on. 11.Our country plans to l__________ on Mars one day. 12.Scientists e__________ the rocks to find signs of life. 13.The m__________ of the spaceship is to explore unknown space. 14.Sunset is the time when the s__________ goes down below the horizon. 15.The c__________ will carry out a space experiment next month. 16.The a__________ technology makes space travel possible. 二、根据汉语提示填空 1.The __________（突破）in space research excited all scientists. 2.The __________（边缘）of the desert looks amazing. 3.The __________（探索）of outer space takes lots of time and money. 4.He has great __________（好奇心）about stars and planets. 5.A __________（望远镜）helps people see faraway objects in space.…… 三、完成句子 1. 到目前为止，人类已经发射了很多航天器探索太空。 Humans have sent many spaceships to explore space . 2. 尽管困难重重，科学家们依然没有放弃太空探索。 all the difficulties, scientists never give up space exploration. 3. 这座航天中心坐落于城市的西部。 The space center the west of the city. 4. 大量的年轻人对宇宙奥秘很感兴趣。 young people show interest in the secrets of the universe. 5. 科学家们正在调查这颗小行星的相关信息。 Scientists are the information about this asteroid. 6. 这次项目的目的是研究彗星。 The project is carried out study comets. 7. 首先，我们需要了解航天器的基本构造。 , we need to learn the basic structure of spaceships. 8. 一点也不，我并不觉得太空旅行很简单。 , I don’t think space travel is easy. 9. 这艘探测器将登陆火星表面采集样本。 The rover will the surface of Mars to collect samples. 10. 他来做这场关于光学的演讲。 He will give a about optics. 四、选词填空，阅读短文，用方框内单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 attract, mysterious, orbit, vast, exist, visible, unlock, rotate, faint, evidence Our universe is a 1 world full of secrets. Many stars are not 2 to our eyes directly. Planets 3 around their stars all the time. Some stars give out 4 light. Scientists try to find 5 to prove whether life 6 on other planets. The 7 space can 8 thousands of astronomers. They hope 9 the mysteries of space and find out why planets 10 . 一、单项选择。 1．You’d better _________ others’ secrets when _________ friends. A．not to be curious about; make B．to not be curious about; to make C．not be curious about; making D．not be curious of; making 2．The robots can ________ the people under the buildings and can also ________ the sick people. A．look after; look at B．look out; look into C．look for; take care of D．look at; look after 3．As soon as he saw the wallet on the ground,he stopped ________ at once. A．picking it up B．to pick it up C．picking up it D．to pick up it 4．The film is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far. A．have seen B．am going to see C．saw D．see 5．You look tired.________ working indoors you should be out for a walk. A．Ahead of B．Instead of C．In front of D．In spite of 6．—My brother’s birthday is coming soon. It’s difficult for me to choose a present for a fan of travelling. —It’s a good idea to book a ________ for him. A．magazine that is about geography B．course that is about art C．concert ticket that is for young people D．meal that has healthy diet 7．The old bridge ________ for over 100 years. A．exists B．existed C．has existed D．is existing 8．________, students who read more books usually have better writing skills. A．In person B．In danger C．In general D．In advance 9．If Jim ________ the exam, he won’t attend the university and he will regret some day. A．fails B．will fail C．passes D．will pass 10．—Do you know anything about folk music ________? —Yes. It has a special style different from Eastern music. A．at times B．in fact C．at first D．in the West 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。 skill; attention; a large number of; chance; for the first time; strong; beautiful; interest; look forward to; more than From September 19th to 23rd, 1   people came to Changchun to watch the 2025 Changchun Air Show (航空展). During the show, there were many exciting parts. The pilots (飞行员) showed many great 2 , like doing beautiful turns and twists in the sky. People cheered for them, and the cheerful voices filled the whole area. On the ground, there were 3 a hundred types of planes. They were so cool. Most surprisingly, the J-20 appeared (出现) 4 . Many fans were around it in order to enjoy its 5 closely. What’s more, there were many 6 activities. For example, people could try flying planes in a simulation area (模拟区域). It was a great 7 for everyone to learn about our air force. The air show was such a big success that many people paid much 8 to it. This event shows that our country is becoming much 9 than before. I’m 10 more such exciting activities. 三、短文填空 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 Since the Tiangong Space Station was completed, many scientific experiments have been carried out there. It is now well 1 (know) that working in space is both challenging and exciting. Thousands of exoplanets have been 2 (discover) beyond our solar system, and studying them helps us understand the universe better. The Xuntian telescope, which 3 (weigh) about 15,550 kilograms, will play a key role in this research. Astronauts can move around easily by 4 (push) against the walls in the weightless environment. However, living in space is not always easy. During sleep, they must be 5 (tie) to their beds to avoid floating away. All their food is 6 (prepare) on Earth and kept in special bags to prevent it from floating. In the coming years, more advanced telescopes and rovers will be 7 (launch) into space. They will be 8 (require) to take clear pictures and collect data from distant planets. Space equipment must also be regularly 9 (check) by astronauts during spacewalks. Many young people dream of 10 (explore) Mars or the moon one day. With new technology, these dreams may soon become reality. Perhaps one day, humans will find a new home beyond Earth. 四、完形填空，阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Our school held a Space Week last month. All the students 1 to visit the city space museum, and I was lucky to be one of them. In the museum we were told that a new spacecraft 2 next month. That night I was too excited to 3 . I kept thinking about what it would be like to fly into space. The next day our guide explained why we explore space. He said more countries 4 the project in the future, and in that case much more money 5 into space research. He also showed us a picture of the 6 which carries astronauts into space. He told us that everything has to be 7 down in the space station, or it will float away. “Some experiments 8 on Tiangong next year,” he added. “Astronauts sleep there for months, but the work always goes on.” Since then I 9 a member of the school space club. I study hard every day because I believe my space dream 10 true one day. 1．A．invited B．invites C．are invited D．were invited 2．A．will be launched B．was launched C．launches D．launched 3．A．fall asleep B．get lost C．set foot D．run out 4．A．support B．will support C．are supporting D．supported 5．A．will put B．is putting C．will be put D．puts 6．A．spacecraft B．telescope C．railway D．plane 7．A．kicked B．broken C．tied D．written 8．A．carry out B．will be carried out C．carried out D．are carrying out 9．A．join B．joined C．was joining D．have been 10．A．comes B．will come C．came D．come 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 3 Journey into space 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 单词 英文 中文 英文 中文 n. 讲课；演讲 v.& n. 网络直播 n. 运动；活动；移动 n. 光学 adj. 虚拟的；实质上的 v. 实施；组织 n. 全体工作人员；专业团队 v. 检查；调查 n.（航天器上独立的）舱；单元；模块 adj. 灵敏的；敏感的 n. 望远镜 adj. 微弱的；微小的；晕眩 n. 突破；重大进展 adj. 神秘的；诡秘的 n. 方面；层面 n. 证据；证明 adv. 正式地；官方地 n. 天文学家 n. 设备；设施 n. 态度；看法 n. 探索；探究 v. 揭开；发现 n. 奥秘；神秘 v. 吸引；使喜爱；招引 n. 辉煌；灿烂；光荣 prep. 超出…… 之外 adj. 辽阔的；巨大的 adj. 外边的；外表的 n. 边；边缘 n. 好奇心 adj. 里面的；内部的 v. 沿轨道运行 adj. 可见的；明显的 adv. 从一侧；侧着 v.（使）旋转；轮值 n. 西；西方 n. 诨名；绰号 n. 元素；要素 n. 彗星 n. 小行星 adj. 矮小的 v. 失败；未做；不足 n. 必要条件 n. 地位；身份；状况 n. 漫游者；流浪者 n. 平原 n. 航天服；宇航服 adj. 先进的；高级的 n. 日落；傍晚 n.（持续）时间的长短 v. 存在；生存 n. 太空飞行任务；任务 v. 向…… 提供最新信息 n. 表面；水面；外表 n. 票；券；标签 / / 短语 调查 发现；搭载 坐落于 大量的 目的是…… 首先 一点儿也不 登陆 到目前为止 尽管 对…… 好奇 / / 【答案】 单词 英文 中文 英文 中文 lecture n. 讲课；演讲 livestream v.& n. 网络直播 movement n. 运动；活动；移动 optics n. 光学 virtual adj. 虚拟的；实质上的 conduct v. 实施；组织 crew n. 全体工作人员；专业团队 examine v. 检查；调查 module n.（航天器上独立的）舱；单元；模块 sensitive adj. 灵敏的；敏感的 telescope n. 望远镜 faint adj. 微弱的；微小的；晕眩 breakthrough n. 突破；重大进展 mysterious adj. 神秘的；诡秘的 aspect n. 方面；层面 evidence n. 证据；证明 officially adv. 正式地；官方地 astronomer n. 天文学家 facility n. 设备；设施 attitude n. 态度；看法 exploration n. 探索；探究 unlock v. 揭开；发现 mystery n. 奥秘；神秘 attract v. 吸引；使喜爱；招引 glory n. 辉煌；灿烂；光荣 beyond prep. 超出…… 之外 vast adj. 辽阔的；巨大的 outer adj. 外边的；外表的 edge n. 边；边缘 curiosity n. 好奇心 inner adj. 里面的；内部的 orbit v. 沿轨道运行 visible adj. 可见的；明显的 sideways adv. 从一侧；侧着 rotate v.（使）旋转；轮值 west n. 西；西方 nickname n. 诨名；绰号 element n. 元素；要素 comet n. 彗星 asteroid n. 小行星 dwarf adj. 矮小的 fail v. 失败；未做；不足 requirement n. 必要条件 status n. 地位；身份；状况 rover n. 漫游者；流浪者 plain n. 平原 spacesuit n. 航天服；宇航服 advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 sunset n. 日落；傍晚 length n.（持续）时间的长短 exist v. 存在；生存 mission n. 太空飞行任务；任务 update v. 向…… 提供最新信息 surface n. 表面；水面；外表 ticket n. 票；券；标签 / / 短语 look into 调查 pick up 发现；搭载 be located in 坐落于 a large number of 大量的 with the aim to… 目的是…… first up 首先 not at all 一点儿也不 land on 登陆 so far 到目前为止 in spite of 尽管 be curious about 对…… 好奇 / / 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.attract→__________ (n.) 吸引力 2.explore→__________ (n.) 探索 3.mystery→__________ (adj.) 神秘的 4.curious→__________ (n.) 好奇心 5.advance→__________ (adj.) 先进的 6.exist→__________ (n.) 存在 7.officially→__________ (adj.) 官方的 8.visible→__________ (v.) 看见 9.sense→__________ (adj.) 敏感的 10.require→__________ (n.) 必要条件 11.fail→__________ (n.) 失败 12.virtue→__________ (adj.) 虚拟的 13.attitude→__________ (adj.) 态度的 14.evidence→__________ (adj.) 明显的 15.roam→__________ (n.) 漫游者 16.rotate→__________ (n.) 旋转 【答案】 1.attraction 2.exploration 3.mysterious 4.curiosity 5.advanced 6.existence 7.official 8.visualize 9.sensitive 10.requirement 11.failure 12.virtual 13.attitudinal 14.evident 15.rover 16.rotation 一、单词拼写，根据首字母提示填空。 1.The a__________ spends much time studying stars and space. 2.Scientists use t__________ to watch faraway stars in the sky. 3.The b__________ in space research helps us know more about the universe. 4.We are c__________ about the secret of outer space. 5.The v__________ world makes our space exploration easier. 6.This m__________ of the spaceship can keep astronauts safe. 7.The earth is a p__________ planet with mountains and seas. 8.Astronauts wear s__________ when they work in space. 9.There is a v__________ ocean of stars beyond our planet. 10.The e__________ of Mars is not suitable for humans to live on. 11.Our country plans to l__________ on Mars one day. 12.Scientists e__________ the rocks to find signs of life. 13.The m__________ of the spaceship is to explore unknown space. 14.Sunset is the time when the s__________ goes down below the horizon. 15.The c__________ will carry out a space experiment next month. 16.The a__________ technology makes space travel possible. 【答案】 1.astronomer 2.telescope 3.breakthrough 4.curious 5.virtual 6.module 7.plain 8.spacesuit 9.vast 10.surface 11.land 12.examine 13.mission 14.sunset 15.crew 16.advanced 二、根据汉语提示填空 1.The __________（突破）in space research excited all scientists. 2.The __________（边缘）of the desert looks amazing. 3.The __________（探索）of outer space takes lots of time and money. 4.He has great __________（好奇心）about stars and planets. 5.A __________（望远镜）helps people see faraway objects in space.…… 【答案】 1.breakthrough 2.edge 3.exploration 4.curiosity 5.telescope 三、单项选择 1. My best friend is always ______. She never tells lies and always shares the truth. A. careful B.honest C.famous D.quiet 【答案】B 【解析】“她从不说谎，总是分享真相” ，体现朋友诚实的品质，honest 意为 “诚实的” ；careful 是 “仔细的” ，famous 是 “著名的” ，quiet 是 “安静的” ，这三个词不符合语境。 2. Lisa is such a ______ girl! She always tells funny stories and makes everyone laugh. A. tall B.serious C.humorous D.shy 【答案】C 【解析】“她总是讲有趣的故事，让每个人都笑” ，表明 Lisa 幽默，humorous 即 “幽默的” ；tall 表示 “高的” ，serious 是 “严肃的” ，shy 为 “害羞的” ，与句子表达的意思不匹配。 3. 4. 5. …… 四、完成句子 1. 到目前为止，人类已经发射了很多航天器探索太空。 Humans have sent many spaceships to explore space . 2. 尽管困难重重，科学家们依然没有放弃太空探索。 all the difficulties, scientists never give up space exploration. 3. 这座航天中心坐落于城市的西部。 The space center the west of the city. 4. 大量的年轻人对宇宙奥秘很感兴趣。 young people show interest in the secrets of the universe. 5. 科学家们正在调查这颗小行星的相关信息。 Scientists are the information about this asteroid. 6. 这次项目的目的是研究彗星。 The project is carried out study comets. 7. 首先，我们需要了解航天器的基本构造。 , we need to learn the basic structure of spaceships. 8. 一点也不，我并不觉得太空旅行很简单。 , I don’t think space travel is easy. 9. 这艘探测器将登陆火星表面采集样本。 The rover will the surface of Mars to collect samples. 10. 他来做这场关于光学的演讲。 He will give a about optics. 【答案】 1.so far 2.In spite of 3.is located in 4.A large number of 5.looking into 6.with the aim to 7.First up 8.Not at all 9.land on 10.lecture 五、选词填空 阅读短文，用方框内单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 attract, mysterious, orbit, vast, exist, visible, unlock, rotate, faint, evidence Our universe is a 1 world full of secrets. Many stars are not 2 to our eyes directly. Planets 3 around their stars all the time. Some stars give out 4 light. Scientists try to find 5 to prove whether life 6 on other planets. The 7 space can 8 thousands of astronomers. They hope 9 the mysteries of space and find out why planets 10 . 【答案】 1.mysterious 2.visible 3.orbit 4.faint 5.evidence 6.exists 7.vast 8.attract 9.to unlock 10.rotate 一、单项选择。 1．You’d better _________ others’ secrets when _________ friends. A．not to be curious about; make B．to not be curious about; to make C．not be curious about; making D．not be curious of; making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你最好在交朋友时不要对别人的秘密好奇。 考查had better和when的用法。had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”，故A和B选项错误；be curious about“对……好奇”，故D选项错误；此处when表示“当……时”，后接现在分词。故选C。 2．The robots can ________ the people under the buildings and can also ________ the sick people. A．look after; look at B．look out; look into C．look for; take care of D．look at; look after 【答案】C 【详解】句意：机器人可以寻找建筑物下的人，并且还可以照顾病人。 考查动词短语。look after“照顾”；look out“向外看”；look into“调查”；look for“寻找”；take care of“照顾”；look at“看”。第一空为寻找建筑物下的人，第二空为照顾病人。故选C。 3．As soon as he saw the wallet on the ground,he stopped ________ at once. A．picking it up B．to pick it up C．picking up it D．to pick up it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他一看到地上的钱包，就立刻停下来把它捡起来。 stop to do sth.表示停下来去做某事，stop doing sth.表示停止做某事；pick up接代词作宾语时，代词需置于中间。根据句意可知是停下来去捡钱包，应用stop to do结构，且代词it应放在pick和up之间。应填to pick it up。 4．The film is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far. A．have seen B．am going to see C．saw D．see 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这部电影值得一看。到目前为止我已经看过三遍了。 考查动词时态。have seen已经看过，现在完成时；am going to see打算去看，一般将来时；saw看过，一般过去时；see看，一般现在时。根据“The film is worth seeing. I...it three times so far.”可知，时间状语so far“到目前为止”，动作发生在过去并持续到现在，强调对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。故选A。 5．You look tired.________ working indoors you should be out for a walk. A．Ahead of B．Instead of C．In front of D．In spite of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你看起来很累，你应该出去散步而不是在房间里工作。A. Ahead of  在---之前；  B. Instead of 而不是；   C. In front of在---之前；    D. In spite of尽管；根据you should be out for a walk. 你应该出去散步，可知是用而不是在房间里工作；故选B 6．—My brother’s birthday is coming soon. It’s difficult for me to choose a present for a fan of travelling. —It’s a good idea to book a ________ for him. A．magazine that is about geography B．course that is about art C．concert ticket that is for young people D．meal that has healthy diet 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我的哥哥的生日很快就到了。对于我来说给一个旅游迷选择一个礼物是困难的。——为他订一本关于地理的杂志是一个好主意。 考查名词词义辨析以及定语从句。magazine杂志；course课程；concert ticket音乐会门票；meal餐。每个选项中的名词后跟的都是一个that引导的定语从句，根据“It’s difficult for me to choose a present for a fan of travelling.”可知哥哥喜欢旅游，所以送的礼物应是有关旅游方面的，A项“关于地理的杂志”最合适。故选A。 7．The old bridge ________ for over 100 years. A．exists B．existed C．has existed D．is existing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这座老桥已经存在超过100年了。 根据时间状语“for over 100 years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，因此填has existed。 8．________, students who read more books usually have better writing skills. A．In person B．In danger C．In general D．In advance 【答案】C 【详解】句意：总的来说，读书更多的学生通常拥有更好的写作能力。 In person亲自；In danger处于危险中；In general总的来说、大体上；In advance提前。结合“students who read more books usually have better writing skills.”的语境，此处是总结普遍情况，应填In general。 9．If Jim ________ the exam, he won’t attend the university and he will regret some day. A．fails B．will fail C．passes D．will pass 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果吉姆考试不及格，他就上不了大学，他总有一天会后悔的。 考查if条件状语从句。根据“if”可知，意为“如果”，因此此句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时；主语Jim是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，因此fails符合句意。故选A。 10．—Do you know anything about folk music ________? —Yes. It has a special style different from Eastern music. A．at times B．in fact C．at first D．in the West 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你了解西方民间音乐吗？——了解。它有着与东方音乐不一样的独特风格。 at times有时；in fact事实上；at first起初；in the West在西方。根据答句“It has a special style different from Eastern music.”可知，问句询问的是西方民间音乐，应填in the West。 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。 skill; attention; a large number of; chance; for the first time; strong; beautiful; interest; look forward to; more than From September 19th to 23rd, 1   people came to Changchun to watch the 2025 Changchun Air Show (航空展). During the show, there were many exciting parts. The pilots (飞行员) showed many great 2 , like doing beautiful turns and twists in the sky. People cheered for them, and the cheerful voices filled the whole area. On the ground, there were 3 a hundred types of planes. They were so cool. Most surprisingly, the J-20 appeared (出现) 4 . Many fans were around it in order to enjoy its 5 closely. What’s more, there were many 6 activities. For example, people could try flying planes in a simulation area (模拟区域). It was a great 7 for everyone to learn about our air force. The air show was such a big success that many people paid much 8 to it. This event shows that our country is becoming much 9 than before. I’m 10 more such exciting activities. 【答案】 1．a large number of 2．skills 3．more than 4．for the first time 5．beauty 6．interesting 7．chance 8．attention 9．stronger 10．looking forward to 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了2025年长春航空展的盛况、精彩亮点以及该事件展现出的国家实力。 【详解】1．句意：从9月19日到23日，大量民众来到长春观看2025长春航空展。此处需要限定词短语，修饰后面可数名词复数people。a large number of意为“大量的”，可以修饰可数名词复数，符合语境，故填a large number of。 2．句意：飞行员展示了许多高超的技巧，比如在空中做漂亮的转弯和翻滚动作。此处需要名词作宾语。skill意为“技能”，后文列举多种飞行动作，代表多项技能，需要变为复数形式skills，故填skills。 3．句意：在地面上，有超过一百种类型的飞机。此处需要介词短语，用来修饰数量a hundred types of planes。more than意为“超过，多于”，符合句意，故填more than。 4．句意：最令人惊讶的是，歼-20首次出现。此处需要副词短语在句中作状语表示“首次出现”。for the first time意为“第一次，首次”，用来修饰动词appeared，故填for the first time。 5．句意：许多粉丝围着它以便近距离欣赏它的美。此处需要名词，表示“近距离欣赏它的美”，放在形容词性物主代词its之后。beautiful是形容词，对应的名词形式beauty意为“美丽”，故填beauty。 6．句意：此外，还有许多有趣的活动。此处需要形容词修饰名词activities。interest是名词，修饰事物activities要变为形容词interesting，意为“有趣的”活动，故填interesting。 7．句意：对每个人来说这是一个了解我们空军的好机会。此处需要单数名词，放在a great之后。chance意为“机会”，a great chance表示“一个大好机会”，故填chance。 8．句意：航空展如此成功，以至于许多人关注它。此处需要名词，构成固定搭配pay attention to。attention为不可数名词，意为“注意力”，故填attention。 9．句意：这个事件表明我们的国家变得比以前更强大。此处需要形容词比较级，表示“表明我们的国家变得比以前更强大”，than是比较级标志词，much用来修饰比较级。strong的比较级stronger意为“更强大的”，故填stronger。 10．句意：我期待更多这样令人兴奋的活动。此处需要动词短语，look forward to是固定短语，意为“期待”，符合语境，I’m即I am，后接动词现在分词构成现在进行时，表示当前的状态或愿望，故填looking forward to。 三、短文填空 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 Since the Tiangong Space Station was completed, many scientific experiments have been carried out there. It is now well 1 (know) that working in space is both challenging and exciting. Thousands of exoplanets have been 2 (discover) beyond our solar system, and studying them helps us understand the universe better. The Xuntian telescope, which 3 (weigh) about 15,550 kilograms, will play a key role in this research. Astronauts can move around easily by 4 (push) against the walls in the weightless environment. However, living in space is not always easy. During sleep, they must be 5 (tie) to their beds to avoid floating away. All their food is 6 (prepare) on Earth and kept in special bags to prevent it from floating. In the coming years, more advanced telescopes and rovers will be 7 (launch) into space. They will be 8 (require) to take clear pictures and collect data from distant planets. Space equipment must also be regularly 9 (check) by astronauts during spacewalks. Many young people dream of 10 (explore) Mars or the moon one day. With new technology, these dreams may soon become reality. Perhaps one day, humans will find a new home beyond Earth. 【答案】 1．known 2．discovered 3．weighs 4．pushing 5．tied 6．prepared 7．launched 8．required 9．checked 10．exploring 【导语】本文主要介绍了天宫空间站建成以来的科研成果、巡天望远镜的作用、宇航员在太空微重力环境下的生活细节，以及未来太空探索的前景与人类的航天梦想。 【详解】1．句意：众所周知，在太空工作既充满挑战又令人兴奋。空前为“well”，此处是固定句型“It is well known that…”意为“众所周知……”，it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，需用know的过去分词形式known作表语。 2．句意：太阳系外已经发现了数以千计的系外行星，研究它们有助于我们更好地了解宇宙。空前为“have been”，与主语“Thousands of exoplanets”构成现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been done”，表示“已经被发现”，需用discover的过去分词形式。 3．句意：重约15,550千克的巡天望远镜将在这一研究中发挥关键作用。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词“The Xuntian telescope”，从句陈述客观事实需用一般现在时；先行词为单数第三人称，定语从句的谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。 4．句意：宇航员在失重环境中可以通过推墙轻松移动。空前为介词“by”，表示方式或途径，介词后需接动名词作宾语。push的动名词形式为pushing。 5．句意：睡觉时，他们必须被固定在床上以防飘走。主语“they”（指代宇航员）与动词tie之间为动宾关系，且空前有情态动词的被动语态标志“must be”，此处需用tie的过去分词形式tied与be构成含有情态动词的被动语态。 6．句意：他们所有的食物都是在地球上准备好的，并保存在特制的袋子里以防漂浮。主语“All their food”与动词prepare之间为被动关系，空前有系动词“is”，且后与过去分词“kept”由and连接构成并列，提示此处需用一般现在时的被动语态“is done”，需用prepare的过去分词形式。 7．句意：在未来几年，更先进的望远镜和巡视器将被发射到太空中。根据时间状语“In the coming years”以及空前的“will be”可知，此处考查一般将来时的被动语态“will be done”，表示“将被发射”，需用launch的过去分词形式。 8．句意：它们将被要求拍摄清晰的照片并从遥远的行星收集数据。主语“They”（指代望远镜和巡视器）与动词require之间为被动关系，且空前有“will be”，提示考查一般将来时的被动语态“will be done”，需用require的过去分词形式。 9．句意：太空设备也必须在太空行走期间由宇航员定期检查。主语“Space equipment”与动词check之间为动宾关系，且空后有“by astronauts”，结合空前的“must also be regularly”可知，此处考查含有情态动词的被动语态“must be done”，需用check的过去分词形式。 10．句意：许多年轻人梦想有一天能探索火星或月球。空前为动词短语“dream of”，其中of为介词，其后需接动名词作其宾语。explore的动名词形式需去e加-ing。 四、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Our school held a Space Week last month. All the students 1 to visit the city space museum, and I was lucky to be one of them. In the museum we were told that a new spacecraft 2 next month. That night I was too excited to 3 . I kept thinking about what it would be like to fly into space. The next day our guide explained why we explore space. He said more countries 4 the project in the future, and in that case much more money 5 into space research. He also showed us a picture of the 6 which carries astronauts into space. He told us that everything has to be 7 down in the space station, or it will float away. “Some experiments 8 on Tiangong next year,” he added. “Astronauts sleep there for months, but the work always goes on.” Since then I 9 a member of the school space club. I study hard every day because I believe my space dream 10 true one day. 1．A．invited B．invites C．are invited D．were invited 2．A．will be launched B．was launched C．launches D．launched 3．A．fall asleep B．get lost C．set foot D．run out 4．A．support B．will support C．are supporting D．supported 5．A．will put B．is putting C．will be put D．puts 6．A．spacecraft B．telescope C．railway D．plane 7．A．kicked B．broken C．tied D．written 8．A．carry out B．will be carried out C．carried out D．are carrying out 9．A．join B．joined C．was joining D．have been 10．A．comes B．will come C．came D．come 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者参加学校太空周活动，参观城市太空博物馆后，对太空探索产生浓厚兴趣，并加入学校太空俱乐部的故事。 【详解】1．句意：所有学生被邀请去参观城市太空博物馆，我很幸运成为其中一员。 根据“Our school held a Space Week last month.”可知，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时；主语“All the students”与invite之间为被动关系，表示“被邀请”，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语为复数，用were invited。 2．句意：在博物馆里，我们得知一艘新的宇宙飞船将于下个月发射。 根据“next month”可知，句子描述将来的动作，应用一般将来时；主语“a new spacecraft”与launch之间为被动关系，表示“被发射”，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be +过去分词”，launch的过去分词为launched。 3．句意：那天晚上我太兴奋了，以至于睡不着。 根据“I was too excited to”可知，太兴奋了以至于睡不着。fall asleep意为“入睡”，符合语境。get lost“迷路”、set foot“踏足”、run out“用完”均不符合语境。 4．句意：他说，未来会有更多国家支持该项目；若是这样，就会有更多资金投入太空研究。 根据“in the future”可知，句子描述将来的动作，应用一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”。 5．句意：他说，未来会有更多国家支持该项目；若是这样，就会有更多资金投入太空研究。 根据“in that case”以及“much more money”可知，“much more money”与put之间为被动关系，表示“被投入”，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be + 过去分词”，put的过去分词为put。 6．句意：他还给我们看了一张宇宙飞船的图片，它把宇航员送入太空。 根据“which carries astronauts into space”可知，此处指宇宙飞船，spacecraft意为“宇宙飞船”，符合语境；telescope“望远镜”、railway“铁路”、plane“飞机”均不符合语境。 7．句意：他告诉我们，在空间站里所有的东西都必须被固定住，否则就会飘走。 根据“or it will float away”可知，东西必须被固定住。tie意为“系、绑”，与“everything”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”，tie的过去分词为tied。 8．句意：“明年将在天宫开展一些实验，”他补充道。 根据“next year”可知，句子描述将来的动作；主语“Some experiments”与carry out之间为被动关系，表示“被开展”，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be+过去分词”，carry的过去分词为carried。 9．句意：从那以后，我已经成为了学校太空俱乐部的一名成员。 根据“Since then”可知，应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语I为第一人称，助动词用have。此处表示“成为……的成员”，用have been a member of，其中been为be的过去分词。 10．句意：我每天努力学习，因为我相信我的太空梦总有一天会实现。 根据“one day”可知，句子描述将来的动作，应用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”。 $